Using a financial calculator or Excel's RATE function, we find that the YTC is approximately Option 3. 7.34%.
To calculate the yield to call (YTC) of the bond, we need to find the rate of return that makes the present value of the bond's cash flows equal to its current market price.
The bond has a par value (face value) of $1,000, a maturity of 16 years, and pays a coupon of 6.5% per year, quarterly. The bond is callable in six years at $1,125. The current market price of the bond is $1,036.89.
To calculate the YTC, we will use a financial calculator or an Excel spreadsheet with the following inputs:
N = 6 * 4 (since there are 4 quarters in a year and the bond is callable in 6 years)
I/Y = ?
PV = -1,036.89 (negative because it represents an outgoing cash flow)
PMT = 6.5% * 0.25 * 1,000 (quarterly coupon payment)
FV = 1,125 (the callable price at year 6)
By solving for I/Y (the interest rate or yield), we can find the YTC.
Using a financial calculator or Excel's RATE function, we find that the YTC is approximately 7.34%.
Therefore, the correct answer is 3) 7.34%.
The YTC represents the annualized return an investor would receive if the bond is called at the earliest call date. It takes into account both the coupon payments and the potential call premium. In this case, the bond's price is higher than its call price, so the YTC is higher than the coupon rate. Therefore, the correct option is 3.
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Cullumber Company is considering a capital investment of $216,200 in additional productive facilities. The new machinery is expected to have a useful life of 5 years with no salvage value. Depreciation is by the straight-line method. During the life of the investment, annual net income and net annual cash flows are expected to be $10,810 and $47,000, respectively. Cullumber has a 12% cost of capital rate, which is the required rate of retum on the investment. Click here to view PV table. (a) Compute the cash payback period. (Round answer to 1 decimal place, e.g. 10.5.) Cash payback period years Compute the annual rate of return on the proposed capital expenditure. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, eg. 10.52\%.) Annual rate of return % (b) Using the discounted cash flow technique, compute the net present value. (If the net present value is negative, use either a negative sign preceding the number e.g. −45 or parentheses eg. (45). Round answer for present value to 0 decimal places, e.g. 125. For calculation purposes, use 5 decimal places as displayed in the factor table provided.) Net present value TABLE 1 Future Value of 1 TABLE 2 Future Value of an Annuity of 1 TABLE 3 Present Value of 1 \begin{tabular}{cccccccccccc} (n) & & & & & & & & & & \\ Periods & 4% & 5% & 6% & 7% & 8% & 9% & 10% & 11% & 12% & 15% \\ \hline 1 & .96154 & .95238 & .94340 & .93458 & .92593 & .91743 & .90909 & .90090 & .89286 & .86957 \\ \hline 2 & .92456 & .90703 & .89000 & .87344 & .85734 & .84168 & .82645 & .81162 & .79719 & .75614 \\ \hline 3 & .88900 & .86384 & .83962 & .81630 & .79383 & .77218 & .75132 & .73119 & .71178 & .65752 \\ \hline 4 & .8440 & .82270 & .79209 & .76290 & .73503 & .70843 & .68301 & .65873 & .63552 & .57175 \\ \hline 5 & .82193 & .78353 & .74726 & .71299 & .68058 & .64993 & .62092 & .59345 & .56743 & .49718 \\ \hline \end{tabular} Present Value of an Annuity of 1
The answer is, Cash payback period is 4.6 years and Net present value is $-758.76.
How to find?To calculate cash payback period, first, calculate the net cash inflows for each year and then the net initial investment. Then, divide the net investment by the average annual net cash inflows to get the cash payback period.
Calculation of annual rate of return:
Annual rate of return is the percentage of return that an investment generates per year. The formula for the annual rate of return is:
Annual rate of return = (average annual net cash inflows / initial investment) * 100.
Using the formula, we get:
Annual rate of return = (47,000 / 216,200) * 100
= 21.74%
Net present value (NPV) is the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows over a period of time. It is used to evaluate investment opportunities or projects.
Using the discounted cash flow technique, the net present value can be calculated as follows:
Year
Annual Cash Flows
Discount Factor at 12%
Discounted Cash Flows
0-216,2001.0000-216,200147,0000.8928
=131,0762-216,2000.7972
=-172,2233-216,2000.7120
=-154,2644-216,2000.6366
=-137,5875-216,2000.5674
=-122,794
Net present value = $-758.76 (Negative)
Therefore, the answers are:
(a) Cash payback period = 4.6 years(rounded to 1 decimal place)
Annual rate of return = 21.74%(rounded to 2 decimal places)
(b) Net present value = $-758.76 (Negative)
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(a) OCBC Bank is offering an interest rate of 7% per annum for fixed deposit account holder. The minimum deposit amount is RM10,000. If you had deposited RM20,000 into the fixed deposit account today, how much would it be worth 10 years later. Compute total returns using compound interest method and draw the cashflow diagram.
Given that OCBC Bank is offering an interest rate of 7% per annum for fixed deposit account holders. The minimum deposit amount is RM10,000. If someone had deposited RM20,000 into the fixed deposit account today, how much would it be worth 10 years later.
We have to compute the total returns using the compound interest method and draw the cash flow diagram. Compound interest is the interest added to the principal amount of a loan or deposit. It is calculated by adding interest to the principal amount so that the interest that has been added also earns interest.
A deposit of RM20,000 is made in a fixed deposit account that pays 7% interest annually. The interest rate is compounded annually, and the deposit has a term of 10 years. We must calculate the worth of the fixed deposit account after ten years.
The interest rate is 7% per annum, which means that the interest rate for the year will be 7/100 = 0.07. The deposit of RM20,000 would earn an interest of 7% per annum for the entire 10 years, using compound interest.
Thus, FV = 20,000 x (1 + 0.07/1)^(1*10) = 20,000 x 1.96715 = RM 39,343 Compound interest formula can be used to calculate the total interest earned over ten years as follows: Total Interest (I) = FV - P = RM39,343 - RM20,000 = RM19,343.
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All of the following are improper check writing procedures EXCEPT
a. postdate all of your checks
b. avoid making checks payable to "Cash"
c. overdraw your account whenever possible.
d. write your checks in pencil
The only option that is not an improper check writing procedure is d, write your checks in pencil.
Postdating a check means writing a check with a date in the future. This is not a good idea because it can lead to confusion and problems if the check is cashed before the date.
Making a check payable to "Cash" means that anyone can cash the check, which is a security risk.
Overdrafting your account means writing a check for more money than you have in your account. This can lead to fees and penalties from your bank.
Writing a check in pencil is not a good idea because it can be easily erased or altered. This could lead to fraud or other problems.
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join nodes in an activity diagram are used to bring concurrent or parallel flows together back into a single flow.true or false?
Join nodes in an activity diagram are used to bring concurrent or parallel flows together back into a single flow. This statement is true.
Activity diagrams are a type of flowchart that is used to represent the movement and flow of control within a system or process.
The purpose of activity diagrams is to provide a visual representation of the steps, actions, and decisions that are involved in completing a particular task or activity.
Join nodes are used to bring concurrent or parallel flows together back into a single flow.
When the flow of control in an activity diagram splits into multiple parallel or concurrent flows, it is necessary to bring them back together at some point in the process.
The join node is used for this purpose.
It represents the point at which the various flows come back together and continue as a single flow.
This allows for the representation of complex processes that involve multiple concurrent actions or steps.
Thus, join nodes play a crucial role in activity diagrams as they ensure that all the different paths of the flow join back together to complete the process.
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A firm can sell pens in two countries, A and B. Demand in country A is Q A
=9−.5P A
Demand in country B is Q B
=13−P B
The firm's cost function is C=4.5Q, where Q=Q A
+Q B
. The firm must sell an integer quantity of pens in each country. Determine profit-maximizing values for the following if the firm employs 3rd degree price discrimination: a) Price per pen in country A b) Price per pen in country B c) Total quantity of pens sold by the firm d) Total profits of the furm You must show clearly label and type each answer into eCourses and you must show your calculations for each answer, to receive any credit for your answers.
Solution: Given, the demand function for country A is Q_A = 9 - 0.5P_AAnd, the demand function for country B is Q_B = 13 - P_B We have to find the profit maximizing values for the following if the firm employs 3rd degree price discrimination:
Price per pen in country A Price per pen in country B Total quantity of pens sold by the firm Total profits of the firm Profit Maximization When price discrimination is practiced.
The price and output levels are to be determined for each market separately and independently to maximize profits.
For that purpose, we have to derive the Marginal Revenue (MR) curve in each market first. In Country A:
Given, the demand function for country A is Q_A = 9 - 0.5P_AQ_A - 9 = -0.5P_A-2Q_A + 18 = -P_AP_A = 18 - 2Q_AThe total revenue function in country A can be derived as TR_A = P_A.Q_A= P_A(18 - 2Q_A).
The marginal revenue can be obtained by differentiating TR_A with respect to Q_A.MR_A = dTR_A/dQ_AMR_A = 18 - 2Q_AThe marginal cost function is C = 4.5Q_A + 4.5Q_B Substituting Q_B = Q - Q_A, we have C = 4.5Q_A + 4.5(Q - Q_A)C = 4.5Q + 4.5Q_A.
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Imagine that Beth is the best florist in the world and the best pianist in the world. But can earn more as a florist than a pianist. Using this example explain the difference between comparative and absolute advantage and tell us what profession Beth should pick.(200 words)
Beth is the best florist and pianist in the world, but she can earn more as a florist than as a pianist. This is an example of the difference between comparative and absolute advantage.
Comparative advantage is when a person or a country has a lower opportunity cost than another person or country in producing a good or service. Opportunity cost is the value of the next best alternative given up to pursue the chosen option. In this example, Beth has a comparative advantage in floristry because she earns more as a florist than a pianist. Therefore, if she has to choose one profession, it would be floristry.
She has a comparative advantage in floristry because she earns more as a florist than as a pianist. Hence, if she has to choose one profession, it would be floristry as she can earn more in that profession. Beth should choose to pursue floristry as it is the profession that will allow her to maximize her earnings.
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true or false the font you use can make your work look businesslike or casual.
The following information was extracted from the books of KASTA Business on 31 December Additional information: (i) Withdrawal of RM5,000 from bank account has not been recorded. (ii) Advertising expenses RM65,000 were outstanding. (iii) All non-current assets are depreciated at 30% per annum, using reducing balance method. (v) Closing Inventory RM84,300 fully counted on 31 December. Required: Show all your working. (a) Prepare the Income Statement for the year ended 31 December 2021, and (b) the Balance Sheet as at 31 December 2021 .
The bank balance has been shown as RM 10,000 and not RM 5,000.
Part (a) Income Statement for the year ended on December 31, 2021 Particulars RM Revenue 700,000 Cost of goods sold Opening inventory 125,500 Add Purchases (10,11,12)500,000
Less Closing inventory (84,300)541,200 Gross profit 158,800 Less Operating expenses Advertising expense65,000Depreciation expense [(400,000 - 40,000) × 30%]108,000173,000 Net income before taxation(14,200) Less Taxation Nil Net Income(14,200)
Note: Non-current asset of RM 40,000 is subtracted to determine the book value of the non-current asset on which depreciation is applied.
Part (b) Balance Sheet as at December 31, 2021 Liabilities RM Assets RM Current liabilities Accounts payable 125,500 Outstanding Advertising expense 65,000190,500Non-current liabilities Long-term loan200,000
Total liabilities390,500 Current assets Inventory 84,300 Accounts receivable95,000 Bank balance 10,000189,300
Non-current assets Property, plant, and equipment 40,000 Less Accumulated depreciation(108,000)32,000
Total assets221,300Total liabilities and equity611,800
Note: The withdrawal of RM 5,000 from the bank account has not been recorded. Thus, the bank balance has been shown as RM 10,000 and not RM 5,000.
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Discuss the types of skills that a system analyst should have so
as to succeed in his work on Information Systems projects.
A system analyst should have a combination of technical, interpersonal, and business skills to be successful in their work on information system projects.
System analyst requires a variety of skills to be successful in their work on information system projects. These skills include both technical and non-technical skills. The skills required are discussed below:
Technical Skills
A system analyst should possess technical skills to comprehend and analyze system needs, limitations, and specifications and provide technical solutions. In general, these technical skills are critical in identifying any underlying issues in systems and determining the most effective ways of resolving them. Some technical skills required include:
Programming knowledge
Database skills
Web development and design skills
Software knowledge
Network skills
Database management
Non-Technical Skills
Communication Skills: To communicate and coordinate with different stakeholders of the project. Being a system analyst requires being able to convey complex technical details in an easy-to-understand manner.
Problem Solving Skills: To develop and implement solutions to technical and business problems.
Critical Thinking Skills: To be able to identify the advantages and disadvantages of various solutions to a problem and select the best one.
Project Management Skills: To manage multiple tasks, anticipate issues, manage team members, and ensure the project meets its objectives.
Leadership Skills: To provide leadership to team members, keep track of progress, and communicate with stakeholders.
Business Skills: To understand business processes, financial statements, market trends, and competitive analysis. This skill helps the analyst to tailor the technology solution to the organization's particular business needs.
In conclusion, a system analyst should have a combination of technical, interpersonal, and business skills to be successful in their work on information system projects.
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The cash records of Concord Ceramics show the following four situations. For July: 1. The June 30 bank reconciliation indicated that deposits in transit total €761. During July, the general ledger account Cash shows deposits of €16,670, but the bank statement indicates that only €15,970 in deposits were received during the month. 2. The June 30 bank reconciliation also reported outstanding checks of €691. During the month of July, Concord's books show that €17,850 of checks were issued. The bank statement showed that €16,500 of checks cleared the bank in July. For September: 3. In September, deposits per the bank statement totaled €27,650, deposits per books were €25,980, and deposits in transit at September 30 were €2,660. 4. In September, cash disbursements per books were €24,100, checks clearing the bank were €25,600, and outstanding checks at September 30 were €2,360. There were no bank debit or credit memoranda. No errors were made by either the bank or Concord Ceramics. (a) In situation (1), what were the deposits in transit at July 31 ? Deposits in transit at July 31ϵ (b) In situation (2), what were the outstanding checks at July 31 ? Outstanding checks at July 31€ (c) In situation (3), what were the deposits in transit at August 31? Deposits in transit at August 31€ (d) In situation (4), what were the outstanding checks at August 31? Outstanding checks at August 31
The solution to the given questions are:-(a) In situation (1), the deposits in transit at July 31 is €131.(b) In situation (2), the outstanding checks at July 31 is €1,041.(c) In situation (3), the deposits in transit at August 31 is €2,010.(d) In situation (4), the outstanding checks at August 31 is €2,160.Explanation:-In order to determine the missing amounts, the bank reconciliation statement is prepared. Let us first prepare the bank reconciliation statement for situation 1.Bank reconciliation statement for situation 1 of Concord Ceramics is as follows:
Adjusted Bank balance (July 31) = €15,970 + €761 - €16,670= €1,061Adjusted book balance (July 31) = Actual book balance (June 30) + Deposits made in July - checks issued in July- Outstanding checks on July 31= €19,450 + €16,670 - €17,850 - €691= €17,579Thus, Deposits in transit at July 31 = Adjusted Bank balance - Adjusted book balance= €1,061 - €930= €131Now, let us prepare the bank reconciliation statement for situation 2.Bank reconciliation statement for situation 2 of Concord Ceramics is as follows:Adjusted Bank balance (July 31) = €16,500 + €761 - €17,850= €1,411Adjusted book balance (July 31) = Actual book balance (June 30) + Deposits made in July - checks issued in July- Outstanding checks on July 31= €19,450 + €17,850 - €17,850 - €691= €19,759Thus, Outstanding checks at July 31 = Adjusted book balance - Adjusted Bank balance= €19,759 - €18,718= €1,041Now, let us prepare the bank reconciliation statement for situation 3.Bank reconciliation statement for situation 3 of Concord Ceramics is as follows:Adjusted Bank balance (August 31) = €27,650 - €2,360 + €2,660= €28,950Adjusted book balance (August 31) = Actual book balance (July 31) + Deposits made in August - checks issued in August- Outstanding checks on August 31+ Deposits in transit on August 31= €17,579 + €25,980 - €24,100 - €2,360 + €2,010= €19,109Thus, Deposits in transit at August 31= Adjusted Bank balance - Adjusted book balance= €28,950 - €26,940= €2,010Now, let us prepare the bank reconciliation statement for situation 4.Bank reconciliation statement for situation 4 of Concord Ceramics is as follows:Adjusted Bank balance (August 31) = €25,600 - €2,360= €23,240Adjusted book balance (August 31) = Actual book balance (July 31) + Deposits made in August - checks issued in August- Outstanding checks on August 31+ Deposits in transit on August 31= €19,109 + €27,650 - €24,100 - €2,360 + €2,010= €22,309Thus, Outstanding checks at August 31= Adjusted book balance - Adjusted Bank balance= €22,309 - €20,149= €2,160Therefore, the correct option is,Option (a) Deposits in transit at July 31 is €131.Option (b) Outstanding checks at July 31 is €1,041.Option (c) Deposits in transit at August 31 is €2,010.Option (d) Outstanding checks at August 31 is €2,160.
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Suppose the MPC (marginal propensity to consume) is 0.6. For a given magnitude of fiscal policy (lets say an increase in government spending by $100 b or a decrease in taxes (lump-sum) by $100 b ), compare the magnitude of change in real GDP as a result of increase in government spending to the magnitude of change in real GDP as a result of tax cut.
Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) refers to the amount of an increase in consumption due to an increase in income. The relationship between an increase in government spending and tax cut on the magnitude of change in real GDP will vary depending on the value of MPC.
Let's assume that the value of MPC is 0.6.
In this case, an increase in government spending by $100 billion would lead to an increase in GDP by $100 billion x 1/ (1-0.6) = $250 billion. This is because the increase in government spending would lead to an increase in income, which in turn would lead to an increase in consumption.
On the other hand, a tax cut of $100 billion would lead to an increase in disposable income, which would lead to an increase in consumption. The magnitude of change in real GDP as a result of the tax cut would be given by:
Change in GDP = MPC x Change in Disposable Income
= 0.6 x $100 billion
= $60 billion
Therefore, the magnitude of change in real GDP as a result of the increase in government spending ($250 billion) is greater than the magnitude of change in real GDP as a result of the tax cut ($60 billion). This is because the multiplier effect of an increase in government spending is greater than the multiplier effect of a tax cut.
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Computer Store" is considering the best way to enter data about new customers that sign up as part of a new marketing campaign. Customers complete their details on a form and leave them at the store for further processing. The best method for capturing this data would be: a. manual keying. b. optical mark readers. c. scanning through image scanners. d. scanning through barcode technology.
Computer Store is considering the best way to enter data about new customers that sign up as part of a new marketing campaign. The best method for capturing this data would be scanning through barcode technology. This is because barcode technology is the most efficient and accurate way of capturing data.
Barcode technology is commonly used for data entry because it is highly efficient and accurate. Barcode scanners are able to read a barcode in a matter of seconds, and the data is then entered into the system automatically. This saves time and reduces the chance of errors that can occur with manual keying or optical mark readers. In addition, barcode technology is also cost-effective and requires little maintenance.
Therefore, it is the most suitable option for capturing customer data for Computer Store's new marketing campaign.
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1. In creating a new "must have" the Innovator always has the advantage.
Group of answer choices
True
False
The statement "In creating a new 'must have' the Innovator always has the advantage" is false.
Innovation is a process of inventing new things or changing existing ones to improve their efficiency. It refers to any process or idea that brings about a significant change in a product, service, or method.
An innovation can be in the form of a new product, a new process, or a new service. Innovation is a vital component in the growth of businesses and the economy as a whole. In creating a new "must-have," an innovator may not always have an advantage.
While being the first to develop a new idea can offer some benefits, it is not always a guarantee of success. Success is determined by a range of factors, including the quality of the idea, the ability to bring the idea to market, the demand for the product or service, and the competition.
For instance, a new product that is not user-friendly or too expensive may not gain the desired market share. Similarly, a product that is not marketed properly may not attract the desired customers.
Therefore, an innovator may have an advantage, but it does not always guarantee success.
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a ________ consists of a set of buyers who share common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve.
A market consists of a set of buyers who share common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve.
A market is defined as a collection of individuals or companies who are interested in buying a product or service.
This group is composed of people or businesses that share a common need for a product or service and have the willingness and ability to pay for it.
The market size refers to the number of people or companies in the market who might be interested in buying a particular product.
For example, if a company sells a new line of t-shirts and estimates that 150 people in the market will buy them, the market size for that particular product is 150.
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DRUG PRICES: MARKET PRICING OR PRICE GOUGING? Drug makers persist in raising prices far beyond the rate of inflation. 2-Why would pharmaceutical companies choose to raise prices in direct contradiction to the President's request to hold them level?
Pharmaceutical companies choose to raise prices in direct contradiction to the President's request to hold them level because they want to earn profits. They want to make money as much as possible.
The manufacturers persist in raising drug prices far beyond the rate of inflation because of the following reasons:
Making more profits – Pharmaceutical companies raise prices to make more profits from the customers. They do so to offset the increased cost of research and development of new drugs they introduce into the market.Greediness – Pharmaceutical companies may also raise prices because of greediness.
They do not care about the welfare of customers, but their goal is to make more profits. Patent protection – Pharmaceutical companies hold patent protection over a drug for a certain number of years. During this time, the company has the right to sell the drug for more than 100% of the cost of production.
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Which of the following statements concerning the fair value hierarchy used in ascertaining fair value is/are correct?
I. Quoted market prices should be adjusted for a "blockage factor" when a firm holds a sizable portion of the asset being valued.
II. Quoted market prices in markets that are not active because there are few relevant transactions cannot be used.
A. I only.
B. II only.
C. Both I and II.
D. Neither I nor II.
The correct answer is B. II only. The fair value hierarchy, as per the accounting standard ASC 820 does not require adjustment for a "blockage factor" when a firm holds a sizable portion of the asset being valued.
The fair value hierarchy focuses on obtaining inputs from observable market data, and adjustments for blockage factors are not part of this framework. Statement II is correct. Quoted market prices in markets that are not active because there are few relevant transactions cannot be used as inputs for determining fair value. The fair value hierarchy gives higher priority to inputs that are based on observable market data, such as quoted prices in active markets. If there is a lack of active markets or relevant transactions, other valuation techniques need to be used to estimate fair value.
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$100 is invested for 20 years. During the first 10 years, the annual rate of 2%. During the last 10 years, the annual rate is 9%. How much interest is compounded during the last 10 years on the interest compounded during the first 10 years (in dollars)?
Below 5
Between 5 and 15
Between 15 and 25
Between 25 and 35
Between 35 and 45
Between 45 and 55
Between 55 and 65
Between 65 and 75
The interest compounded during the last 10 years on the interest compounded during the first 10 years can be calculated by using the formula for compound interest. The formula for calculating compound interest is A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt), where A is the final amount, P is the principal, r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of times the interest is compounded per year, and t is the time in years. We will use this formula to solve the problem given above. During the first 10 years, the annual rate is 2%, and during the last 10 years, the annual rate is 9%. Therefore, the total time is 20 years. Let's begin by calculating the interest compounded during the first 10 years. The principal is $100, and the annual interest rate is 2%. Therefore, we have:
P = $100
r = 2%
n = 1 (since the interest is compounded annually)
t = 10 years
Substituting these values in the formula for compound interest, we get:
A = $100(1 + 0.02/1)^(1*10)
A = $121.90
Therefore, the interest compounded during the first 10 years is:
I = $121.90 - $100
I = $21.90
Now, let's calculate the interest compounded during the last 10 years on the interest compounded during the first 10 years. We can do this by using the same formula for compound interest, but this time, we will use the interest of $21.90 as the principal. Therefore, we have:
P = $21.90
r = 9%
n = 1 (since the interest is compounded annually)
t = 10 years
Substituting these values in the formula for compound interest, we get:
A = $21.90(1 + 0.09/1)^(1*10)
A = $63.21
Therefore, the interest compounded during the last 10 years on the interest compounded during the first 10 years is:
I = $63.21 - $21.90
I = $41.31
Therefore, the answer is between 35 and 45 dollars.
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Euro-British Pound. How would the call option premium change on the right to buy pounds with euros if the euro interest rate changed to 4.1545% from the initial values listed in this table: The call option on British pounds, if the euro interest rate changed to 4.1545%, would be € ¡ . (Round to four decimal places.)
A call option provides the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy a fixed number of shares of the underlying stock at a given price within a given period of time.
The price, or premium, of the call option is the price paid for this right. When the interest rate in the currency used to purchase the option increases, the value of the call option decreases. A call option on British pounds would increase in value if the euro interest rate decreases.
A call option on the Euro-British Pound would decrease in value if the euro interest rate increases. The relationship between interest rates and the value of currency is significant in the pricing of foreign currency options. When interest rates in the country of the currency decrease, the currency value increases, thus causing the premium to rise.
When interest rates in the country of the currency increase, the currency value decreases, thus causing the premium to fall. If the euro interest rate changed to 4.1545%,
The call option on British pounds would be € 0.0284 (rounded to four decimal places).
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What is a consequence of the Canadian dollar appreciating? A> It takes more dollars to buy units of other currencies.B> Other currencies depreciate. C> Other currencies also appreciate.D> It increases in value within Canada.
Option A is the correct answer. A consequence of the Canadian dollar appreciating is that it takes more dollars to buy units of other currencies.
When the Canadian dollar appreciates, it becomes stronger compared to other currencies. This means that it has a higher value, and therefore it will take more Canadian dollars to purchase units of other currencies such as the US dollar.
Conversely, when the Canadian dollar depreciates, it will take fewer Canadian dollars to purchase other currencies such as the US dollar. Hence, option A is the correct answer.
An appreciation of a currency refers to a situation where the currency strengthens in value compared to other currencies. In the case of the Canadian dollar, if it appreciates, it means that it becomes stronger compared to other currencies such as the US dollar, Euro, or Yen.
This is usually as a result of an increase in demand for the currency or a decrease in its supply relative to other currencies.The consequence of the Canadian dollar appreciating is that it takes more Canadian dollars to purchase units of other currencies.
For example, if the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and the US dollar is 1 CAD = 0.75 USD, it means that one US dollar can be exchanged for 1.33 Canadian dollars.
If the Canadian dollar appreciates, the exchange rate may change to 1 CAD = 0.80 USD, meaning that one US dollar can now be exchanged for 1.25 Canadian dollars.
In this scenario, it will take more Canadian dollars to purchase one US dollar, and this applies to other currencies as well.In conclusion, an appreciation of the Canadian dollar can have significant effects on trade, tourism, and investments.
For instance, Canadian exports may become more expensive, making them less competitive in the international market. On the other hand, imports may become cheaper, leading to an increase in demand for foreign goods.
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green power company is considering buying a new machine that will last for 11 years. the machine cost 137,416 dollars today. maintenance expenses will be 39,511 dollars the first year, and will increase by 7,276 dollars every year afterward (e.g. maintenance at the end of year two is equal to 39,511 plus 7,276 dollars). the interest rate is 8% per year, compounded annually. what is the net present value (npv) of this machine? assume all maintenance expenses occur at the end of every year. (note: round your answer to two decimal places; do not include spaces or dollar signs.)
The net present value (NPV) of this machine is approximately -$196,594.72.
To calculate the NPV, we need to discount the cash flows (cost and maintenance expenses) to their present value and subtract the initial cost. Here's the revised calculation:
Present Value of the Machine's Cost:
The initial cost of the machine is $137,416.
[tex]PV(machine cost) = $137,416 / (1 + 0.08)^0\\= $137,416.[/tex]
Present Value of the Maintenance Expenses:
The maintenance expenses in the first year are $39,511, and they increase by $7,276 every subsequent year. We need to find the present value of these expenses over the 11-year period.
[tex]PV(maintenance \ expenses) = $39,511 / (1 + 0.08)^1 + ($39,511 + $7,276) / (1 + 0.08)^2 + ... + ($39,511 + $7,276 * 10) / (1 + 0.08)^{11}[/tex]
Calculating the sum of the series using the formula for the sum of a geometric series, we find:
[tex]PV(maintenance \ expenses) = $39,511 * (1 - (1 + 0.08)^{-11}) / (0.08) + $7,276 * ((1 - (1 + 0.08)^{-11}) / (0.08))\\= $334,010.72[/tex]
Net Present Value (NPV):
The NPV is calculated by subtracting the present value of the machine's cost from the present value of the maintenance expenses:
NPV = PV(machine cost) - PV(maintenance expenses)
NPV = $137,416 - $334,010.72
NPV = -$196,594.72.
Therefore, the net present value (NPV) of this machine is approximately -$196,594.72.
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Lance Whittingham IV specializes in buying deep discount bonds. These represent bonds that are trating at well whow pair value w Current price $ b. By what percent will the price of the bonds increase between now and maturity? Price increases by c. What is the annual compound rate of growth in the value of the bonds?
The annual compound rate of growth in the value of the bonds is given by the formula g = ((1 + r)^n (FV/PV))^(1/n) - 1.
Lance Whittingham IV specializes in buying deep discount bonds.
These represent bonds that are trading at well below par value with the current price of b. The price of the bonds will increase between now and maturity by c percent.
The annual compound rate of growth in the value of the bonds can be calculated by the following steps:
Step 1: Calculate the discount rate
Discount rate is the rate of return that investors require from an investment to compensate for its risk. The formula for discount rate is:
Discount rate = (future value/present value)^(1/n) - 1where n is the number of years
Step 2: Calculate the annual compound rate of growth in value
Annual compound rate of growth in value is given by the formula:
(1 + r)^n = (1 + g)^n (FV/PV)
where r is the discount rate, n is the number of years, FV is the future value and PV is the present value. g is the annual compound rate of growth in the value of the bonds.
Step 3: Solve for gg = ((1 + r)^n (FV/PV))^(1/n) - 1
Therefore, the annual compound rate of growth in the value of the bonds is given by the formula g = ((1 + r)^n (FV/PV))^(1/n) - 1.
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Open the 10C10−1 Magazines file. 3) Record January 31 month-end adjustments for Rama Magazines, a company that supplies various magazines, candy and small toys to businesses. Rama Magazines is using the COMPANY. PAYABLES, RECEIVABLES, and INVENTORY \& SERVICES modules and does not use the Account Reconciliation journal. Rama Magazines has the following adjustments for the January month-end: a) Bank service charges for the month are estimated to be $43.50. b) The Prepaid insurance account balance represents 4 months' insurance that has not been used as of January 1. Adjust the account accordingly. c) A part-time employee (use YOUR ACTUAL NAME as the part-time employee's name in the comment line) did not submit his time sheet and was not paid $158.00, the regular wages for the pay period ending January 28. (Magazine Sales charges all salaries and wages to Salaries Staff Account # 5290.) Accrue the wages for the period (ignore CPP and EI). d) The value of the Store Supplies on hand was counted, and is $358.00. e) Depreciation of Store Equipment is $1,500.00 for the year (\$125.00 per month). f) The long-term bank loan arranged on December 31, 2023, with the Canadian Bank, is for a 5 year period at an interest rate at 9% (per annum effective monthly rate of 0.7207% ). Monthly payments of $998.26 are due at the end of each month. The January 31 , automatic bank payment of $998.26 (including interest of \$291.07) has not been made or recorded. g) A new vendor, Snowgone Services, submitted a January snow removal invoice (A5631) dated today, for $140.00 phus HST, net 30 days (Maintenance Expense). h) The inventory count found that 10 Puzzle magazines are missing. Adjust inventory. (Hint: Chapter 8, Exercise 8-20.) 4) Print All Journal Entries for the entries above. 5) Print a Trial Balance as at January 31. 6 - Back up your data before moving on. Your instructor may require you to: i) advance the date to February 1. j) reverse the appropriate accruals on February 1 . 7) If required, print All Journal Entries for the February reversing entries above.
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The requested task involves making various month-end adjustments for Rama Magazines, such as recording bank service charges, adjusting prepaid insurance.
Accruing wages, counting store supplies and adjusting inventory, recording depreciation, and addressing a missed bank payment and a new vendor invoice. The instructions also mention printing all journal entries for these adjustments, generating a trial balance as of January 31, and potentially advancing the date to February 1 and printing journal entries for any reversing entries made then.
The task requires performing several adjustments for Rama Magazines at the end of January. These adjustments include recording bank service charges, adjusting the prepaid insurance account, accruing wages for an unpaid employee, counting store supplies, adjusting inventory for missing items, recording depreciation for store equipment, addressing a missed bank payment with interest, and processing a new vendor invoice for snow removal services. Additionally, the instructions state that all journal entries for these adjustments should be printed, followed by generating a trial balance as of January 31. There is a possibility of advancing the date to February 1 and printing journal entries for any reversing entries made at that time.
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Chem Company uses a Sales Journal, a purchased journal, a cash receiptd, journal, a cash disbursements journal, and a general journal. The following transactions occurred during the month of july 2020:
July 1 Purchased merchandise on credit for $8,100 from Angler The., terms n/3e. 8 Sold merchandise on credit to B. Harren for $1,500, subject to a $30 sales discount if pald by the end of the mesth. Cost, $620. 10 The owner of Chem Company, Pat Johnson, invested $2,000 cash. 14 Purchased store supplies from Steck Company on credit for $240∗, teras 2/10+,n0/3. 17 Purchased merchandise imentory on eredit froe Marten Cowpany for 37,600, teras n/se. 24 Sold merchandise to H. Winger for. $630 cash. cost, $350. 28 Purchased menchandise inventory from tiadley" s for, $9,000 cash. 29 Poid Anglen Inc. $8,100 for the merchandise purchased on July 1.
Journalize the july transactions that should br recorded in the purchased journal assuming the periodic inventory system.
The purchased journal is used to record purchases of inventory, whether cash or credit transactions. The periodic inventory system is utilized by Chem Company to record purchases.
To record transactions that took place in the month of July 2020, the Chem Company used various books of original entry including sales, purchased journal, cash receipts, cash disbursement, and general journal.The purchased journal is used to record purchases of inventory, whether cash or credit transactions.
The periodic inventory system is utilized by Chem Company to record purchases. To record transactions that took place in the month of July 2020, the Chem Company used various books of original entry including sales, purchased journal, cash receipts, cash disbursement, and general journal. The Chem Company should record the following transactions that took place in July 2020 in the purchased journal:
July 1: The Chem Company purchased merchandise on credit from Angler Inc. for $8,100. The terms of payment are n/3e. Debit Purchases: $8,100Credit Accounts Payable: $8,100July 14:
The Chem Company purchased store supplies from Steck Company on credit for $240. The terms of payment are 2/10+, n/30.
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What risk does a borrower take with an adjustable-rate mortgage?
With an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), borrowers take the risk of potential interest rate fluctuations. The monthly mortgage payments can increase or decrease based on market conditions. Borrowers must consider their ability to handle changing payments and future income prospects when opting for an ARM.
With an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), the borrower takes the risk of potential interest rate fluctuations. Unlike a fixed-rate mortgage, where the interest rate remains constant throughout the loan term, an ARM has an interest rate that adjusts periodically based on market conditions.
The specific terms of an ARM typically include an initial fixed-rate period, after which the interest rate is subject to change. The adjustment is usually based on a specified financial index, such as the U.S. Treasury rate or the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), plus a predetermined margin.
The risk for the borrower lies in the uncertainty of future interest rate movements. If interest rates rise, the borrower may experience an increase in their monthly mortgage payments, potentially making it more challenging to afford the loan. Conversely, if interest rates decrease, the borrower may benefit from lower payments.
The borrower's ability to manage fluctuations in interest rates, their financial stability, and their future income prospects are critical factors to consider when opting for an adjustable-rate mortgage.
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Olde Town Hospital is accounted for in an enterprise fund of Olde Towne Township. The following data comes from the hospital's financial statements. Total revenues were $20 million. Total expenses were $18 million, consisting of patient care expenses - $13 million; administrative expenses - $2 million; depreciation - $2 million; and interest on long-term debt - $1 million. Principal payments on long-term debt were $1.5 million.
What is the hospital's debt service coverage?
According to given statement debt service coverage can be calculated by dividing its net operating income by its annual debt service payment the hospital's debt service coverage is 0.8.
Olde Town Hospital's debt service coverage can be calculated by dividing its net operating income by its annual debt service payment. Net operating income can be calculated by subtracting the hospital's total expenses from its total revenues.
In this case, the hospital's total revenues were $20 million and total expenses were $18 million. To find the net operating income, we subtract the total expenses from the total revenues:
Net Operating Income = Total Revenues - Total Expenses
Net Operating Income = $20 million - $18 million
Net Operating Income = $2 million
Now, let's calculate the hospital's debt service coverage. The annual debt service payment is the sum of the principal payments on long-term debt and the interest on long-term debt.
Annual Debt Service Payment = Principal Payments on Long-Term Debt + Interest on Long-Term Debt
Annual Debt Service Payment = $1.5 million + $1 million
Annual Debt Service Payment = $2.5 million
Finally, we can calculate the debt service coverage by dividing the net operating income by the annual debt service payment:
Debt Service Coverage = Net Operating Income / Annual Debt Service Payment
Debt Service Coverage = $2 million / $2.5 million
Debt Service Coverage = 0.8
In conclusion, the hospital's debt service coverage is 0.8.
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Which of the following is NOT associated with an inefficient allocation of resources?
1. Oligopolies
2. Monopolies
3. Perfect competition
4. None of the above
Perfect competition is not associated with an inefficient allocation of resources. Efficient allocation of resources refers to the distribution of resources in a way that maximizes the total benefit of society. The efficient allocation of resources occurs when goods and services are produced and distributed according to the wants and needs of consumers.
The term "market structure" refers to the level of competition in a market. In a monopoly, there is only one supplier of a particular good or service, while in an oligopoly, there are a few suppliers. In perfect competition, there are many suppliers of a particular good or service, and each supplier is too small to influence the market price.
In a monopoly or oligopoly, firms have the power to control the price and quantity of goods and services they produce and sell. This leads to inefficient allocation of resources because the price charged is usually higher than the equilibrium price and the quantity supplied is lower than the equilibrium quantity.
On the other hand, in perfect competition, the price charged is equal to the equilibrium price, and the quantity supplied is equal to the equilibrium quantity. Hence, there is an efficient allocation of resources in a perfect competition market structure.
Therefore, the answer to the question is option 3, Perfect competition, since it is not associated with an inefficient allocation of resources.
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Aneko Company reports the following: net sales of $19,500 for Year 2 and $18,525 for Year 1 , end-of-year total assets of $18,800 for Year 2 and $17,700 for Year 1 1. Compute its total asset tumover for Year 2. 2. Aneko's competitor has a turnover of 20 . Is Aneko performing better or worse than its competitor based on total asset turnover? Complete this question by entering your answere in the tabs below. Compute its total asset turnover for Year 2. Aneko Company reports the following: net sales of $19,500 for Year 2 and $18,525 for Year 1 ; end-of-year total assets of $18.300 for Year 2 and $17,700 for Year 1 1. Compute its total asset tumover for Year 2 . 2. Aneko's competitor has a tumover of 20 . is Aneko performing better or worse than its compettor based on total asset furnover? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Aneko's competitor has a tumover of 2.0. Is Aneko performing better or worse than its competitor based on total asset turnover? Is Aneko performing better or worse than its competitor based on total asset turnoves?
1. Computation of Aneko Company's Total Asset Turnover for Year 2:Total Asset Turnover = Net Sales / Average Total Assets Average Total Assets = (Ending Total Assets + Beginning Total Assets) / 2
Ending Total Assets for Year 2 = $18,800Beginning Total Assets for Year 2 = Ending Total Assets for Year 1 = $17,700Therefore, Average Total Assets = ($18,800 + $17,700) / 2 = $18,250Total Asset Turnover = Net Sales / Average Total Assets = $19,500 / $18,250 = 1.07
Therefore, Aneko Company's total asset turnover for Year 2 is 1.07.2. Comparison of Aneko Company's and its Competitor's Total Asset Turnover: Total Asset Turnover is a measure of a company's efficiency in utilizing its assets to generate sales.
Higher Total Asset Turnover indicates better efficiency and is preferred in comparison to a lower turnover. In this case, Aneko's competitor has a Total Asset Turnover of 2.0. Whereas, Aneko's Total Asset Turnover is 1.07. T
hus, Aneko Company is performing worse than its competitor based on Total Asset Turnover.
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The I/Y key on a financial calculator stores the information for the interest rate or the discount rate per period.
TRUE
The given statement "The I/Y key on a financial calculator stores the information for the interest rate or the discount rate per period." is TRUE. Let's discuss it in detail.
The I/Y key on a financial calculator stores the information for the interest rate or the discount rate per period. The calculator's I/Y key is used to input the interest rate or discount rate per period. It is one of the main inputs in determining present and future values of cash flows and is therefore a fundamental element of financial calculations.
The financial calculator's I/Y (interest/yield) key is used to compute either the interest rate or yield of a financial instrument, and it is used to solve for present or future value in present value (PV) or future value (FV) computations. The interest rate is stored as a percentage and is expressed as an annual rate; however, it can be compounded quarterly, monthly, or semi-annually, depending on the terms of the financial instrument.
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this question addresses the issue of whether monetary policy should be made by discretionary policy or be implemented according to a set of rules. which of the following statements reflect arguments against policy by rule? check all that apply. monetary rules reduce the flexibility of the federal reserve. monetary rules may lead to a lower sacrifice ratio because the public is more confident that the federal reserve will keep inflation low. it is impossible for a policy rule to consider all the possible scenarios and specify, in advance, the right policy response. it is better to appoint qualified individuals who will respond to any situation as best they can. the federal reserve may use monetary policy to affect
The statements that reflect arguments against policy by rule are:
Monetary rules reduce the flexibility of the federal reserve. It is impossible for a policy rule to consider all the possible scenarios and specify, in advance, the right policy response.It is better to appoint qualified individuals who will respond to any situation as best they can. What is policy by rule?Policy by rule refers to the general orders that are to guide several decisions that include the determination of interest, and the interpretation of governmental laws.
Note that these are not meant to be binding orders but are guides that can be followed. The above are arguments that can be touted against policy by rule.
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In your own words, explain the reasons why a researcher will want to use panel data. Also provide some real-life examples where panel data is used in South Africa.
Panel data is valuable to researchers because it allows them to analyze changes over time and capture individual-specific variations.
It enables the study of dynamics, causal relationships, and the effects of policies or interventions.
Panel data is advantageous for several reasons. First, it provides more observations than cross-sectional data, which enhances statistical power. Second, it allows for the examination of individual-specific effects and their interaction with time-varying variables. Third, panel data permits the control of unobserved heterogeneity through fixed or random effects models. Fourth, it enables the investigation of causal relationships through techniques like difference-in-differences or instrumental variable estimation. Lastly, panel data facilitates the study of long-term trends, shocks, and persistence of phenomena.
In South Africa, panel data is utilized in various research fields. For instance, economists use panel data to analyze the effects of government policies on economic growth, income inequality, or labor market dynamics. Sociologists may employ panel data to examine educational attainment, health outcomes, or social mobility over time. Additionally, panel data is valuable in studying the impact of interventions or programs aimed at reducing poverty, improving education, or enhancing public health in South Africa. Overall, panel data is a versatile tool that allows researchers to uncover valuable insights by capturing temporal and individual-specific variations in a South African context.
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