1. Arrange the following compounds in order from highest to lowest boiling point.
hexanol (C6H14O), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), CCl4, butene (C4H8), propane (C3H8)
2. Identify the three true statements:
a. Hydrocarbons exhibit only dispersion forces.
b. Stronger intermolecular forces usually correlate with higher boiling points.
c. Hydrogen bonds require carbon, hydrogen, and a halogen.
d. Dipole-dipole interactions are stronger than dispersion forces and hydrogen bonds.
e. Boiling point generally increases with total number of electrons in molecules due to increased strength of dispersion forces.

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

For this question, we have to remember the definition of a meso-compound. In a meso-compound, we will have chiral carbons but we don't optical activity. This is due to the symmetry, if we have symmetry in a substance with chiral carbons the optical activity is nullified. So, if we want to find the meso-compounds we have to find symmetry planes in the molecule.

A symmetry plane is an imaginary cut that can divide the molecule in two equal parts. We have to draw the molecule first (see figure 1) and then we can try to find the symmetry planes.

With this in mind, the only compounds with symmetry planes are:

b) cis-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane

d) cis-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane

See figure 2 to more explanations

I hope it helps!

Answer:

  0.0480 M

Explanation:

The reaction is ...

  H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH ⇒ Na₂SO₄ +2H₂O

That is, 2 moles of NaOH react with each mole of H₂SO₄. Then the molarity of the H₂SO₄ is ...

  moles/liter = (0.186 M/2)(12.9 mL)/(25.0 mL) ≈ 0.0480 M

Answer:

Explanation:

(R)-5-octyne-4-ol

C8H140

Correct name for 5-octyne is 3-octane.

Structure is attached below.

Octane is a hydrocarbon and an alkane with the chemical formula C₈H₁₈, and the condensed structural formula CH₃(CH₂)₆CH₃. Octane has many structural isomers that differ by the amount and location of branching in the carbon chain. One of these isomers, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (commonly called iso-octane) is used as one of the standard values in the octane rating scale.

The structure for 5-octyne is given below.

Correct name for it is 3-octane.

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Answer:

pH ≅ 4.80

Explanation:

Given that:

the volume of HN₃ = 25 mL = 0.025 L

Molarity of HN₃ = 0.150 M

number of moles of HN₃ = 0.025 × 0.150

number of moles of HN₃ =  0.00375  mol

Molarity of NaOH = 0.150 M

the volume of NaOH = 13.3 mL = 0.0133

number of moles of NaOH = 0.0133× 0.150

number of moles of NaOH = 0.001995 mol

The chemical equation for the reaction of this process can be written as:

[tex]HN_3 + OH- ---> N^-_{3} + H_2O[/tex]

1 mole of hydrazoic acid react with 1 mole of hydroxide to give nitride ion and water

thus the new number of moles of HN₃ = 0.00375 - 0.001995 = 0.001755 mol

Total volume used in the reaction =  0.025 +  0.0133 = 0.0383  L

Concentration of [tex]HN_3[/tex] = [tex]\dfrac{0.001755}{0.0383}[/tex] = 0.0458 M

Concentration of [tex]N^{-}_3[/tex] = [tex]\dfrac{ 0.001995 }{0.0383}[/tex] = 0.0521 M

GIven that :

Ka = [tex]1.9 x 10^{-5}[/tex]

Thus; it's pKa = 4.72

[tex]pH =4.72 + log(\dfrac{ \ 0.0521}{0.0458})[/tex]

[tex]pH =4.72 + log(1.1376)[/tex]

[tex]pH =4.72 + 0.05598[/tex]

[tex]pH =4.77598[/tex]

pH ≅ 4.80

The pH of the solution 0.150 M hydrazoic acid after 13.3 mL of NaOH base is added is 4.80.

pH of the given solution will be used by using the following equation:

pH = pKa + log[conjugate base] / [weak acid]

Given chemical reaction will be represented as:

HN₃ + OH⁻ → N₃⁻ + H₂O

Moles will be calculated as:

n = M×V, where

M = molarity

V = volume

Moles of 0.150 M hydrazoic acid = (0.150M)(0.025L) = 0.00375  mol

Moles of 0.150 M NaOH = (0.0133)(0.150) = 0.001995 mol

From the above calculation it is clear that moles of hydrazoic acid is present in excess and it will be:

0.00375 - 0.001995 = 0.001755 mol

And 0.001995 mol of N₃⁻ is preduced by the reaction.

Total volume of the solution = 0.025 +  0.0133 = 0.0383  L

To calculate the pH after titration, first we have to calculate the concentration in terms of molarity of N₃⁻ and HN₃ as:

[N₃⁻] = 0.001995 mol / 0.0383  L = 0.0521 M

[HN₃] = 0.001755 mol / 0.0383  L = 0.0458 M

Ka for HN₃ = 1.9 × 10⁻⁵

pKa = -log( 1.9 × 10⁻⁵ ) = 4.72

On putting all these values on the above equation, we get

pH = 4.72 + log (0.0521) / (0.0458)

pH = 4.80

Hence, pH of the solution is 4.80.

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Answer:

Kb = 1.77x10⁻⁵

Explanation:

When NH₃, a weak base, is in equilibrium with waterm the reaction that occurs is:

NH₃(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ NH₄⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq)

And the dissociation constant, Kb, for this equilibrium is:

Kb = [NH₄⁺] [OH⁻] / [NH₃]

To find Kb you need to find the concentration of each species. The equilibrium concentrations are:

[NH₃] = 0.950M - X

[NH₄⁺] = X

[OH⁻] = X

Where X is reaction coordinate.

You can know [OH⁻] and, therefore, X, with pH of the solution, thus:

pH = -log [H⁺] = 11.612

[H⁺] = 2.4434x10⁻¹²

As 1x10⁻¹⁴ = [H⁺] [OH⁻]

1x10⁻¹⁴ / 2.4434x10⁻¹² = [OH⁻]

4.0926x10⁻³ = [OH⁻] = X

Replacing, concentrations of the species are:

[NH₃] = 0.950M - X

[NH₄⁺] = X

[OH⁻] = X

[NH₃] = 0.9459M

[NH₄⁺] = 4.0926x10⁻³M

[OH⁻] = 4.0926x10⁻³M

Replacing in Kb expression:

Kb = [NH₄⁺] [OH⁻] / [NH₃]

Kb = [4.0926x10⁻³M] [4.0926x10⁻³M] / [0.9459M]

The branch of science which deals with the chemical bond is called Chemistry.

The correct answer to the question is  [tex]Kb = 1.77*10^{-5[/tex]

Explanation:

When NH₃, is acts as a  weak base it forms an equilibrium with water the reaction occurs is:

[tex]NH_3(aq) + H_2O(l) ---><NH_4^+(aq) + OH^-(aq)[/tex]

The formula we gonna use is as follows:-

[tex]Kb = \frac{[NH_4^+] [OH^-]}{[NH_3]}[/tex]

The data is given in the question is as follows:-

Where X stands for reaction coordinate.

After solving the ph of the compound the value is as follows:-

Putting the value in the formula.

[tex]Kb = \frac{[4.0926*10^{-3}M] [4.0926*10^{-3}M]}{[0.9459M]}[/tex]

After solving the equation the value of Kb is [tex]1.77*10^{-5[/tex]

Hence, the correct answer is [tex]1.77*10^{-5[/tex]

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yes yes yes yes

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Answer:

1) Ag3N

2)Na2S

3)NaHSO4

4) KNO3

Explanation:

We divide each mass by the element's relative atomic mass

1) 2.90/108-Ag, 0.125/14-N

0.027-Ag, 0.0089-N

Divide by the lowest ratio

0.027/0.0089-Ag, 0.0089/0.0089 N

3-Ag, 1-N

Empirical formula- Ag3N

2)2.22/23-Na, 1.55/32-S

0.097-Na, 0.048-S

Divide by the lowest ratio

0.097/0.048-Na, 0.048/0.048-S

2-Na, 1-S

Empirical formula- Na2S

3) 2.11/23-Na, 0.0900/1-H, 2.94/32-S,5.86/16-O

0.09-Na, 0.09-H, 0.09-S,0.366-O

Divide by the lowest ratio

0.09/0.09-Na, 0.09/0.09-H, 0.09/0.09-S, 0.366/0.09-O

1-Na, 1-H, 1-S, 4-O

Empirical formula- NaHSO4

4)1.84/39, 0.657/14-N, 2.25/16-O

0.047-K, 0.047-N, 0.14-O

Divide through by the lowest ratio

0.047/0.047-K, 0.047/0.047-N, 0.14/0.047-O

1-K, 1-N, O-3

Empirical formula- KNO3

Answer:

Heat is thermal energy that flows, and thermal energy is the part of internal energy that can be transferred

Explanation:

Answer:

I think we will know a lot more about the universe and the things around us. We may also know a lot more about other planets, such as Mars and Saturn, and we might also know a lot more about other stars in the universe.

Explanation:

Answer:

A.Electrolysis

Explanation:

A.Electrolysis

For example,  electrolysis of solution of NaCl in water gives H2 and O2.

Answer:

The lightest gas will have the greatest molecular speed as shown

Explanation:

According to the kinetic theory of gases, gas molecules are in constant motion and frequently collide with each other and the walls of the vessel. Gas molecules have negligible intermolecular forces of attraction between them hence they move at a very high speed.

However, the distribution of molecular velocities in a mixture of gases depends on the relative molecular masses of the gases in the mixture. Given helium, neon and krypton; the order of decreasing masses and increasing molecular velocities is ; krypton<neon<helium. Hence helium being the lightest gas will have the greatest molecular velocity.

The molecular velocities of each gas has been represented using the length of arrows with different colours in the image attached. The colour codes are;

Red- krypton

Blue- neon

Black-helium

It can be seen that helium has the highest molecular velocity followed by neon and lastly, krypton.

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

In this case, we can start with the calculation of the total energy released by the 20 matches. One match release 838.2 J of energy ( 1 match = 838.2 J). So:

[tex]20~matches\frac{838.2~J}{1~match}=16764~J[/tex]

With this in mind, we have to find al the conversion ratios to "Jolues", so:

[tex]1~KJ=1000~J[/tex]

[tex]1~Cal=4.184~J[/tex]

[tex]1~KCal=4184~J[/tex]

[tex]0.000239~food~calories=1~J[/tex]

Now, we can do the conversions:

[tex]16764~J\frac{1~KJ}{1000~J}=16.76~KJ[/tex]

[tex]16764~J\frac{1~Cal}{4.184~J}=4.005x10^3~Cal[/tex]

[tex]16764~J\frac{1~KCal}{4184~J}=4.007~KCal[/tex]

[tex]16764~J\frac{0.000239~food calories}{1~J}=4.006~food calories[/tex]

I hope it helps!

Answer:

mass of X extracted from the aqueous solution by 50 cm³ of ethoxy ethane = 3.33 g

Explanation:

The partition coefficient of X between ethoxy ethane (ether) and water, K is given by the formula

K = concentration of X in ether/concentration of X in water

Partition coefficient, K(X) between ethoxy ethane and water = 40

Concentration of X in ether = mass(g)/volume(dm³)

Mass of X in ether = m g

Volume of ether = 50/1000 dm³ = 0.05 dm³

Concentration of X in ether = (m/0.05) g/dm³

Concentration of X in water = mass(g)/volume(dm³)

Mass of X in water left after extraction with ether = (5 - m) g

Volume of water = 1 dm³

Concentration of X in water = (5 - m/1) g/dm³

Using K = concentration of X in ether/concentration of X in water;

40 = (m/0.05)/(5 - m)

(m/0.05) = 40 × (5 - m)

(m/0.05) = 200 - 40m

m = 0.05 × (200 - 40m)

m = 10 - 2m

3m = 10

m = 10/3

m = 3.33 g of X

Therefore, mass of X extracted from the aqueous solution by 50 cm³ of ethoxy ethane = 3.33 g

Answer:

To the left.

Explanation:

Step 1: Write the balanced reaction at equilibrium

2 SO₂(g) + O₂(g) ⇄ 2 SO₃(g)

Step 2: Calculate the reaction quotient (Qc)

Qc = [SO₃]² / [SO₂]² × [O₂]

Qc = 0.254² / 0.500² × 0.00855

Qc = 30.2

Step 3: Determine in which direction will proceed the system

Since Qc > Kc, the system will shift to the left to attain the equilibrium.

Answer:

H⁺(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ H₃O⁺(aq)

Explanation:

According to Brönsted-Lowry acid-base theory, an acid is a substance that donates H⁺. Let's consider the molecular equation showing that benzoic acid is a Brönsted-Lowry acid.

C₆H₅COOH(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ C₆H₅COO⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)

The complete ionic equation includes all the ions and molecular species.

C₆H₅COO⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ C₆H₅COO⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)

The net ionic equation includes only the ions that participate in the reaction and the molecular species.

H⁺(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ H₃O⁺(aq)

Answer:

...

Explanation:

in saturated fats there is no double bond between the acids and are tightly packed and unsaturated fats arent tight and loosely packed/put together

saturated- solid at room temperature

unsaturated= liquid at room temperature

two types of unsaturated fats, Polyunsaturated fats and Monounsaturated fats

Explanation:

Before proceeding we have to understand what electrolytes and non electrolytes are;

An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved. An electrolyte is a compound that can dissociate into ions.

Non electrolytes: A substance whose molecules in solution do not dissociate to ions and thus do not conduct an electric current

Going through the options;

1. LiOH

This is a compound of hat would dissociate into Li+ and OH-.  This is an electrolyte.

2. C4H2O4

This is an organic compound. Gnerally organic acids are non electrolytes, with the exception og the acids. This is a nonelectrolyte.

3. LiBr

This is an electrolyte because it would dissociate into Li+ and Br-  ions.

4. HNO3

HNO3 is a strong acid. Because it is a strong acid it will dissociate completely into its ions (H+ and NO3-). Therefore we consider HNO3 to be a strong electrolyte.

Answer:

8.13 g/mol.

Explanation:

The following formula gives us the relationship between the effusion rates of two gases and their molar masses:

[tex]\sqrt{\frac{MM_{x} }{MM_{y} } } = \frac{rate_{y} }{rate_{x} }[/tex]

where x and y are respective sample gases and MM and rate are molar mass and rate of effusion respectively.

⇒[tex]\sqrt{\frac{14}{y} } = \frac{63}{48}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{14}{y} = 1.3125^{2}[/tex]

y= 14 / [tex]1.3125^{2}[/tex]  = 8.13 g/mol.

Answer:

The heat of the reaction or standard enthalpy of the reaction CO(g) + H₂O(g) → CO₂(g) + H₂(g) is ΔH(rxn) = -41.2 kJ

Explanation:

The reaction whose standard enthalpy is required, as obtained from the internet is

CO(g) + H₂O(g) → CO₂(g) + H₂(g)

The formation reaction for some of the reactants and products are given as

C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) ΔH = -393.5 kJ

2CO(g) + O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g) ΔH = -566.0 kJ

2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g) ΔH = -483.6 kJ

To find the standard enthalpies of the given reaction, we need the heat of formation of each of the species involved in the reaction

ΔH (CO₂(g)) = -393.5 kJ

ΔH (H₂O(g)) = -483.6 kJ ÷ 2 = -241.8 kJ (Because 2 moles of H₂O(g) are formed in the given formation reaction)

ΔH (O₂(g)) = ΔH (H₂(g)) = 0 kJ (No heat of formation for elements)

ΔH (CO(g)) = ? (This isn't given)

But it can be calculated from the second given reaction

2CO(g) + O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g) ΔH = -566.0 kJ

Heat of reaction = ΔH(products) - ΔH(reactants)

Heat of reaction = -566.0 kJ

ΔH (products) = 2 × ΔH (CO₂(g)) = 2 × -393.5 = -787 kJ

ΔH (reactants) = [2 × ΔH (CO(g))] + [1 × ΔH (O₂(g))] = 2 × ΔH (CO₂(g))

Hence, we have

-566 = -787 - [2 × ΔH (CO₂(g))]

2 × ΔH (CO₂(g)) = -787 + 566 = -221 kJ

ΔH (CO₂(g)) = -221 ÷ 2 = -110.5 kJ

CO(g) + H₂O(g) → CO₂(g) + H₂(g)

Heat of reaction = ΔH(products) - ΔH(reactants)

ΔH (products) = [ΔH (CO₂(g))] + [ΔH (H₂(g))]

= -393.5 + 0 = -393.5 kJ

ΔH (reactants) = [1 × ΔH (CO(g))] + [1 × ΔH (H₂O(g))] = -110.5 - 241.8 = -352.3 kJ

Heat of reaction = -393.5 - (-352.3) = -41.2 kJ

Hope this Helps!!!

Answer:

pH= 12

Explanation:

Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is a strong base, so it dissociates completely in water by giving OH⁻ anions as follows:

KOH⇒ K⁺ + OH⁻

Since dissociation is complete, it is assumed that the concentration of OH⁻ is equal to the initial concentration of KOH:

[OH⁻]= [KOH]

In order to find the initial concentration of KOH, we have to divide the mass (0.140 g) into the molecular weight of KOH (Mw):

Mw (KOH)= K + O + H = 39 g/mol + 16 g/mol + 1 g/mol = 56 g/mol

moles KOH: mass/Mw= 0.140 g/(56 g/mol) = 2.5 x 10⁻³ moles

The molality of the solution is the number of moles of KOH per liter of solution:

V= 250.0 ml x 1 L/1000 ml= 0.250 L

M = (2.5 x 10⁻³moles)/(0.250 L)= 0.01 M

Now, we calculate pOH:

pOH = -log [OH⁻]= - log [KOH]= -log (0.01) = 2

Finally, we calculate pH from pOH:

pH + pOH = 14

⇒pH = 14 - pOH= 14 -2 = 12

Answer:

C. Burning charcoal

Explanation:

Charcoal is a solid fuel. We normally expect a solid fuel to possess a very high activation energy. Activation energy refers to the energy barrier that must be crossed by reactants in order to be converted into products. A high activation energy implies that the reaction may not be spontaneous at ordinary temperatures and a large external energy must be supplied before the reaction proceeds.

Charcoal is not as spontaneously flammable as gasoline. This implies that a greater energy is required to initiate the combustion of charcoal compared to gasoline. This further buttresses the fact that the activation energy for the combustion of gasoline is less than that for the combustion of charcoal.

The reaction of metals with acid is quite spontaneous at ordinary temperatures for highly reactive metals hence it does not have a high activation energy. The melting of ice is not a chemical reaction hence we can't talk about its activation energy.

Answer:

Na+-0.0648M

SO4²-0.1352M

Explanation:

First find the R.A.M of the sodium sulphate

(23×2)+(32)+(16×4)=142

Find the portion of sodium ions=46/142×0.2

=0.0648M

Sulphate=

0.2-0.0648=0.1352M

Answer:

3.47 ×10^-10

Explanation:

The equation of the reaction is 2Cr3+(aq) + Pb(s)------->2Cr2+(aq) + Pb2+(aq)

A total of two moles of electrons were transferred in the process. The chromium was reduced while the lead was oxidized. Hence the lead species will constitute the oxidation half equation and the chromium will constitute the reduction half equation.

E°cell = E°cathode - E°anode

E°cathode = -0.41 V

E°anode = -0.13 V

E°cell = -0.41 -(-0.13) = -0.28 V

From

E°cell = 0.0592/n log K

n= 2, K= the unknown

-0.28 = 0.0592/2 log K

log K = -0.28/0.0296

log K = -9.4595

K = Antilog ( -9.4595)

K= 3.47 ×10^-10

Answer:

please look at the picture below.

Explanation:

Answer:

[Ar] 4s²

Explanation:

Ca is the symbol for Calcium. It is the 20th element and it has 20 electrons.

The full electronic configuration for calcium is given as;

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²

The condensed electronic configuration is given as;

[Ar] 4s²

The sand that grained will be quickly chemically weathered away should be option b. ferromagnesian silicate minerals.

It should be considered as the Silicate minerals where cations of iron and the form of magnesium should be important for the chemical components. It is used for covering up the minerals. Also, calcite should be normal weather via the solution process so it required a lot of water that contains a high amount of carbonic acid.

Hence, the correct option is b.

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Answer:

-1222 kj

Explanation:

You can calculate the bond dissociation energy for each species using the table. Subtract the energies of the bonds made from the energies of the bonds broken. Remember to use the coefficients from the balanced chemical reaction.

BDE = [(H-H) + (N≡ N)] - [2 * [(H-C) + (C≡N)]]

BDE = [(432 kJ) + (942 kJ] - [2 * [(411 kJ) + (887 kJ)]] = -1222 kJ

Based on the bond energies for the given reaction, the enthalpy of the reaction is:

According to the given question, we are asked to calculate the enthalpy of the given reaction based on the bond energies given in H₂ (g) + N₂ (g) + 2 C (g) → 2 HCN (g).

As a result of this, we can see that bond dissociation energy for each of the species on the table need to be subtracted and then to make use of the coefficient of the balanced chemical reaction.

At the end, we would get 2*(411 kj) + (887 kj) which would give us

-1222 kj

Therefore, the correct answer is -1222 kj

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Explanation:

In the reaction above, we clearly see that a chemical reaction took place but what kind of reaction you might ask?

Looks like it is Thermal decomposition of copper carbonate because decomposition reaction takes place due to the added heat. Decomposition in simple terms in chemical breakdown and here this result is obtained by adding heat.

1) What happened to the lime water?

Although not pictured above, but my assumption is that lime water turned milky or turbid because when CO2 comes in presence of limewater they react to form a percipitate of Calcium carbonate which is the milky color that you get.

2) What does this prove?

- My understanding would be that it proves that CO2 was formed, and that most metal carbonates undergo thermal decomposition into metal oxide and carbon dioxide, and also that a reaction took place since new products were made.

Answer:

Coals

Explanation:

The land feature that supports the theory of continental drift is ; ( C ) coal fields

Continental drift is the gradual shift in position of the earth tectonic plates ( i.e. gradual shift in the continents in relation to ocean basins) and this due to the heat from the earths' mantle.

Coal fields supports this theory because the it is an area where coal is found in large quantities and mined for commercial purposes. coal fields areas are found as a result of continental drift.

Hence we can conclude that the land feature that supports the theory of continental drift is coal fields

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Answer:

Stronger

Explanation:

Attractive forces between molecules in a solid are weaker than bonds between atoms in a molecule.

Solid is a state of matter in which the force of attraction between the particles is very high and the space between the particles is negligible. Solids are hard and have fixed shape, size, and volume .

Due to high stiffness and toughness with less intermolecular force in solid the attractive force in solids are very high.

Hence, attractive forces between molecules in a solid are weaker than bonds between atoms in a molecule.

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