You will remove 4.2 ml of medication from the vial to add to the D5W, the patient is to receive Gentamycin 150 mg IVPB q18h. The Gentamycin comes in a 260 mg multidose vial.
The directions state that after reconstituting with 3.6 ml of sterile water there will be a volume of 4 ml in the vial. After reconstitution the medication must be mixed in 100 ml D5W and infused over 45 minutes.
To calculate the volume of medication to remove from the vial, we first need to calculate the concentration of Gentamycin in the reconstituted solution. This is done by dividing the dose of Gentamycin (150 mg) by the volume of the reconstituted solution (4 ml). This gives a concentration of 37.5 mg/ml.
We then need to calculate the volume of medication to add to the D5W. This is done by dividing the dose of Gentamycin (150 mg) by the concentration of Gentamycin in the D5W (3.75 mg/ml). This gives a volume of 4.0 ml.
Since the volume of the reconstituted solution is 4 ml, we need to remove 0.2 ml of solution from the vial. This will give us a volume of 4.2 ml of medication to add to the D5W.
It is important to note that this is just a calculation and the actual volume of medication to remove may vary slightly. It is always best to check the medication label and follow the manufacturer's instructions.
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1.A client request pain medication for a pain level of 10/10. The nurse injects saline into the client's IV line and places the morphine in her pocket for personal use. The nurse is violating which principle of ethics ?
A. Dilemmas
B. Utilitarianism
C. Beneficence
D. Autonomy
2.A group of nurses are meeting to decide how to staff the upcoming holidays. Each of the four members freely express thought about fair staffing but are willing to listen to each others thought and reconsider their first recommendations. What effective team culture are the nurses demonstrating ? Select all that apply.
A . Positive communication
B. Blocking communication
C. Closes communication
D. Open communication
E. Empathetic communication
3. A nurse is caring for two client ,one client has insurance with a high deductible payment. Another client has no deductible and a very low co-payment. The
physician treating both clients orders more diagnostic tests for the client who does not pay an insurance deductible. The nurse working in the office believe this is an ethical issue. What ethical principle would be violated by the physician ?
A. Autonomy
B. Non-maleficience
C. Justice
D. Beneficience.
1) The nurse is violating the ethical principle of C. Beneficence.2) The nurses are demonstrating an effective team culture of D. Open communication and E. Empathetic communication.3) The ethical principle violated by the physician is C. Justice.
1) The nurse's actions of injecting saline instead of providing pain medication and keeping the morphine for personal use are a clear violation of the ethical principle of beneficence. Beneficence requires healthcare professionals to act in the best interest of their patients, ensuring their well-being and providing appropriate care. By withholding pain medication and using the medication for personal use, the nurse is failing to prioritize the patient's needs and violating the principle of beneficence.
2) The nurses are demonstrating an effective team culture of open communication and empathetic communication. Open communication is evident as each member freely expresses their thoughts about fair staffing and is willing to listen to each other's thoughts. This promotes an environment where ideas and concerns can be shared openly and constructively. Empathetic communication is also present as the nurses are willing to reconsider their initial recommendations, showing understanding and empathy towards each other's perspectives. These aspects of positive and empathetic communication contribute to a healthy and effective team culture.
3) The physician's actions of ordering more diagnostic tests for the client without a deductible and a low co-payment, while not doing the same for the client with a high deductible payment, violates the ethical principle of justice. Justice requires fairness and equitable treatment for all individuals. By providing more tests to one client based on their financial situation rather than their medical need, the physician is exhibiting unjust behavior. All patients should be treated equally and have access to the same level of care regardless of their insurance or financial circumstances.
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Provide at least two examples of how institutions protect Internet-based patient information and promote patient privacy. What specifically can nurses do to protect patient privacy when using the Internet?
Institutions protect Internet-based patient information and promote patient privacy through cybersecurity measures and access controls.
Institutions safeguard Internet-based patient information and promote patient privacy by implementing robust cybersecurity measures, including encryption, firewalls, and secure network infrastructure.
These measures protect patient data from unauthorized access or breaches.
Additionally, strict access controls and authentication protocols are established to ensure that only authorized individuals, such as healthcare professionals involved in patient care, can access patient information.
Nurses can contribute to patient privacy protection when using the Internet by following several steps.
Firstly, they should ensure secure login credentials by using strong and unique passwords and enabling two-factor authentication.
Secondly, nurses should practice secure communication by utilizing encrypted channels such as secure messaging platforms or VPNs when transmitting patient information.
Thirdly, caution should be exercised with email communication by using secure email providers, encrypting attachments, and avoiding patient identifiers in subject lines or bodies.
Fourthly, nurses should adhere to institutional privacy and security policies regarding data access, sharing, and technology resource use.
Finally, regular software updates should be performed to protect against vulnerabilities and unauthorized access to patient information.
These steps collectively enhance patient privacy protection while utilizing digital platforms for healthcare delivery.
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For the following diagnosis- heart failure exacerbation
what is the:
1) Pathophysiology
2) Safety concerns youd see with a pt with this
diagnosis
3) plan of care
4) SBAR
thank you (:
Heart failure exacerbation is a condition where the heart fails to pump enough blood to meet the body's metabolic needs.
Below are the answers to the questions asked;
1. Pathophysiology
Heart failure exacerbation is the result of a variety of pathological changes in the heart, such as:Ventricular dilatation and hypertrophy, which leads to an increase in cardiac mass and volume and a decrease in cardiac function.Contraction force reduction in the ventricles.Valvular and structural changes in the heart's anatomical components.
2. Safety concerns youd see with a pt with this diagnosis
The following are safety concerns that can be present in patients with heart failure exacerbation:
Dyspnea and orthopnea, or difficulty breathing while lying down due to fluid buildup in the lungs.Crackles on auscultation due to the accumulation of fluid in the lungs.A cough that produces pink, frothy sputum due to blood-tinged pulmonary edema.Confusion and dizziness due to hypoxemia and impaired brain perfusion.Fluid retention and edema in the abdomen, feet, and legs.Fatigue and tiredness due to reduced exercise tolerance and diminished oxygen supply to the muscles and tissues.3. Plan of care
Heart failure exacerbation can be treated with the following methods:Lifestyle changes such as a low-salt diet, smoking cessation, weight loss, and reduced alcohol intake.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, and diuretics are examples of prescription medications.Oxygen therapy and noninvasive ventilation to support respiratory function.The use of inotropic agents to improve cardiac contractility.Cardiac resynchronization therapy and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators are examples of cardiac devices.4. SBARSBAR is an acronym that stands for situation, background, assessment, and recommendation. It is used to transfer patient data between healthcare professionals working in various settings. The following is an example of an SBAR report for a patient with heart failure exacerbation:
S: The patient is experiencing shortness of breath and chest pain.B: The patient has a history of heart failure and has been non-compliant with her medication regimen. Her most recent chest X-ray indicates that she has an enlarged heart and fluid in her lungs.A: The patient's breathing is labored, with a respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute and oxygen saturation of 89 percent. On auscultation, crackles are present bilaterally in her lungs.R: Please provide supplemental oxygen at 4 liters per minute. Contact the provider and arrange for a chest X-ray and an increase in her diuretic dose.To know more about exacerbation visit:
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12. A nurse is preparing to administer ibuprofen (Advil) to a child who has theumatoid arthritis. The order is for 250mgPO q 8 h. Usual pediatric dose is 20−30mg/kg/ day. Patient weighs 35lbs. What is the lowest recommended dosage per day? What is the highest recommended dosage per day? Is the dosage ordered safe to give? (Round to nearest whole number)
The lowest recommended dosage per day is 318.18 mg and the highest recommended dosage per day is 477.27 mg. The dosage ordered is safe to give as it falls between the lowest and the highest recommended dose per day.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a form of inflammatory arthritis that affects the joints symmetrically (on both sides of the body at the same time). The joint lining becomes inflamed and causes joint damage and pain over time. It is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks healthy tissues in the body.
In the United States, it is estimated that more than 1.3 million adults have rheumatoid arthritis. Women are 2-3 times more likely to develop the condition than men.What is ibuprofen?Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain and fever.
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Question 14 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question You suspect your patient is in shock. You note the patient's skin is pale. This is likely due to Select one: a. peripheral vasoconstriction O b. peripheral vasodilation O c. an increased heart rate O d. hypothermia
The patient's pale skin is likely due to peripheral vasoconstriction. Option A is the correct answer.
When a patient is in shock, the body initiates a compensatory response to maintain blood pressure and perfusion to vital organs. One of these responses is peripheral vasoconstriction, where the blood vessels in the skin constrict to redirect blood flow to essential organs such as the heart and brain. This vasoconstriction reduces blood flow to the skin, leading to pallor or pale skin appearance.
Peripheral vasodilation, on the other hand, would result in the opposite effect, causing the blood vessels in the skin to dilate and resulting in flushing or redness.
An increased heart rate, although a common response in shock, would not directly cause pale skin.
Hypothermia refers to abnormally low body temperature and is not directly related to the patient's pale skin in this context.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A: peripheral vasoconstriction.
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what type of explosion could occur inside the reactor
vessel?.
A nuclear explosion could occur inside the reactor vessel. It is meant to contain and manage nuclear reactions, but a nuclear explosion within the vessel could occur under certain conditions, such as a criticality accident or a chain reaction gone wrong.
Inside a nuclear reactor vessel, the conditions for a nuclear explosion could potentially arise if there is a loss of control over the nuclear chain reaction. A nuclear chain reaction occurs when the fission of atomic nuclei releases energy and triggers subsequent fission reactions. Normally, this reaction is carefully controlled to maintain stable and sustained power output.
However, if the conditions within the reactor become uncontrolled, such as a sudden increase in the number of fission events or the accumulation of too much fissile material, it can lead to a rapid and uncontrolled release of energy. This can result in a nuclear explosion, where an enormous amount of heat, pressure, and radiation is released within a very short period of time.
It's important to note that nuclear reactors are designed with multiple layers of safety systems and protocols to prevent such incidents. These include control rods, which absorb neutrons and help regulate the chain reaction and various safety mechanisms to mitigate the risk of criticality accidents.
Although the occurrence of a nuclear explosion inside a reactor vessel is highly unlikely under normal operating conditions, it is considered a catastrophic event that could result from a loss of control over the nuclear chain reaction. The numerous safety measures and protocols implemented in nuclear reactors aim to prevent such incidents.
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An How many milliliters ahould the client receive per dosel 9. Order prazosin (Minipreas) 10mgPO, daily. Available: prasosin 1-mg 2-mg and 5 -mg tablets Which tablet should be selected and bow much should be giveni 10. Order carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) 12.5-125 mg PO, b.L.d Available; Sinemet 25- to 100 -, 25-to 250-, 10- to 100 -mg, tablets Which tablet should be selected and how much should be given? Additional Dimensional Analysis: 11. Order omepnivole (Pritosec) 20 an P(O, daiiy: Available: Factors: 10mg=1 capsule (drug label) Conversion factor: none (both are in inilligrams) How many capsule (s) should the chient receivel 12. Order amoxicillin (Amoxil) 0.1.g PO, PBh Available Factors: 200mg=5ml (drug label) Conversion factor 1000mg=1 g How many milliliters should the dient receive per dose?
9. To administer 5 tablets of the 2 mg strength in order to achieve the ordered dose of 10 mg
10. the nurse should select the Sinemet 25-100 mg tablet and administer 1 tablet to provide 12.5 mg of Carbidopa and 100 mg of Levodopa.
11. The nurse should give the patient 2 capsules.
12. The client should receive 2.5 milliliters of Amoxicillin per dose to achieve the ordered dose of 0.1 g.
How do you determine the dose to administer to a client?
To determine the dose to administer, we say
9. Ordered dose: 10 mg
Available tablets: 1 mg, 2 mg, and 5 mg
To determine the number of tablets needed, we divide the ordered dose by the strength of each tablet:
Prazosin 1 mg tablet: 10 mg / 1 mg = 10 tablets
Prazosin 2 mg tablet: 10 mg / 2 mg = 5 tablets
Prazosin 5 mg tablet: 10 mg / 5 mg = 2 tablets
10. Ordered dose: 12.5-125 mg Available tablets: 25- to 100-, 25- to 250-, and 10- to 100-mg tablets Quantity needed: 12.5-125 mg.
Carbidopa: 12.5 mg / 25 mg = 0.5 tabletLevodopa: 125 mg / 100 mg = 1.25 tabletsSince the tablets cannot be divided, the nurse should select the Sinemet 25-100 mg tablet and administer 1 tablet to provide 12.5 mg of Carbidopa and 100 mg of Levodopa.
11. Ordered dose: 20 mg Available capsules: 10 mg per capsule Quantity needed: 20 mg
20 mg / 10 mg = 2 capsules
12. Order: Amoxicillin (Amoxil) 0.1 g PO b.i.d.
Available: Amoxicillin 200 mg/5 ml
To determine the amount of milliliters the client should receive per dose, we can use the conversion factor provided:
1000 mg = 1 g
Divide the ordered dose by the conversion factor to convert grams to milligrams:
0.1 g = 0.1 g × 1000 mg/g = 100 mg
Next, we can use the available concentration of Amoxicillin to calculate the required volume:
200 mg/5 ml = 100 mg / x ml
Cross-multiplying, we get:
200x = 500
x = 500 / 200
x = 2.5 ml
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