(a) We can build a panel data regression model with firm fixed effects to analyze the link between advertising and firm profitability. Model specifications:
roa_it = β_0 + β_1advert_it + β_2assets_it + β_3*workers_it +_i + _it
where roa_it is the return on assets for the firm I in year t, advert_it is the dummy variable indicating whether the firm advertises, assets_it is the total assets of the firm, workers_it is the number of workers, _i is the fixed effect for each firm I, and is the error term.
Fixed effects capture unobserved firm-specific features that are constant across time and explain time-invariant variability across companies. These fixed effects compensate for unobserved characteristics like firm-specific management ability and brand repute that could affect advertisement and profitability.
(b) The fixed-effect model's main assumption is that unobserved firm-specific effects (_i) are uncorrelated with the independent variables (advert_it, assets_it, workers_it). Thus, fixed effects should not be systematically related to the factors being analyzed.
The context and endogeneity may affect this assumption. The premise may be violated if organizations advertise based on unseen factors that affect profitability, such as managerial abilities or business strategies.
The assumption is more likely if the decision to advertise is exogenous and unconnected to other unobserved factors impacting profitability. By controlling for time-invariant firm-specific variability, the fixed-effect model gives a consistent estimate of the causal influence of advertising on profitability.
To validate the fixed-effect model and interpret its results, evaluate potential sources of endogeneity, and perform robustness checks.
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TRUE / FALSE. "If 100 of 250 people contacted make a donation to the city
symphony, then the relative frequency method assigns a probability
of .3 to the outcome of making a donation.
a. True
b. False"
The statement is false because the relative frequency method assigns a probability of 0.4, not 0.3, to the outcome of making a donation. The relative frequency method calculates probabilities based on observed frequencies or proportions in a given sample or population.
In this case, if 100 out of 250 people made a donation to the city symphony, the relative frequency or proportion would be calculated as 100/250, which equals 0.4 or 40%. This means that, based on the observed data, 40% of the population or sample made a donation.
The relative frequency method assumes that the observed frequencies in the sample accurately represent the probabilities in the population. Therefore, if the sample is representative and the conditions are consistent, the relative frequency of 0.4 can be considered an estimate of the probability of making a donation to the city symphony.
In summary, the correct probability assigned by the relative frequency method in this case is 0.4, reflecting the proportion of people in the sample who made a donation, not 0.3.
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Exercise 15-2 (Algo) Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities [LO15-2] For the year just completed, Hanna Company had net income of $78,000. Balances in the company's current asset and current liability accounts at the beginning and end of the year were as follows: December 31 End of Beginning Year of Year Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Inventory Prepaid expenses Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Income taxes payable $ 57,000 $ 82,000 $ 168,000 $ 188,000 $ 439,000 $ 346,000 $ 11,500 $ 14,000 $ 366,000 $ 384,000 $ 8,500 $ 11,500 $ 33,000 $ 26,000 The Accumulated Depreciation account had total credits of $44,000 during the year. Hanna Company did not record any gains or losses during the year. Required: Using the indirect method, determine the net cash provided by operating activities for the year. (List any deduction in cash and cash outflows as negative amounts.) Hanna Company Statement of Cash Flows—Indirect Method (partial) Net income Adjustments to convert net income to a cash basis: Depreciation Decrease in accounts receivable Increase in inventory Decrease in prepaid expenses Decrease in accounts payable Decrease in accrued liabilities Increase in income taxes payable Net cash provided by operating activities
The net cash provided by operating activities for the year is $209,500. Hanna Company Statement of Cash Flows—Indirect Method (partial)Net income $78,000 Adjustments to convert net income to a cash basis:
Depreciation $44,000Increase in inventory ($168,000-$188,000) $20,000Increase in prepaid expenses ($11,500-$8,500) $3,000Decrease in accounts payable ($439,000-$366,000) $73,000Increase in accrued liabilities ($26,000-$33,000) ($7,000)Increase in income taxes payable ($14,000-$11,500) ($2,500)Net cash provided by operating activities $209,500
The net cash provided by operating activities for the year has been determined using the indirect method. Here, all the cash inflows and outflows that arise from the company's operations have been taken into account for this calculation. The following adjustments have been made to convert the net income to a cash basis: Depreciation: The accumulated depreciation account had total credits of $44,000 during the year. As depreciation is a non-cash expense, it has been added back to the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. Increase in inventory: The balance in the inventory account at the end of the year was higher than the balance at the beginning of the year. Hence, there was an increase in inventory. As a result, it is a cash outflow from the company's operations. Therefore, the increase in inventory amount has been added back to the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. Decrease in prepaid expenses: The balance in the prepaid expenses account at the end of the year was lower than the balance at the beginning of the year. Hence, there was a decrease in prepaid expenses. As a result, it is a cash inflow from the company's operations. Therefore, the decrease in prepaid expenses amount has been added back to the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. Decrease in accounts payable: The balance in the accounts payable account at the end of the year was lower than the balance at the beginning of the year. Hence, there was a decrease in accounts payable. As a result, it is a cash inflow from the company's operations. Therefore, the decrease in accounts payable amount has been added back to the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. Increase in accrued liabilities: The balance in the accrued liabilities account at the end of the year was higher than the balance at the beginning of the year. Hence, there was an increase in accrued liabilities. As a result, it is a cash outflow from the company's operations. Therefore, the increase in accrued liabilities amount has been subtracted from the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. Increase in income taxes payable: The balance in the income taxes payable account at the end of the year was higher than the balance at the beginning of the year. Hence, there was an increase in income taxes payable. As a result, it is a cash outflow from the company's operations. Therefore, the increase in income taxes payable amount has been subtracted from the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. The net cash provided by operating activities for the year is $209,500.
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Question 4 Breda owns a gym. In her financial year ended 30 April 20X1 she buys a new exercise bike for £450. The date of purchase was 1 November 20X0. Breda aims to keep exercise bikes for three years. After three years she finds the bikes are usually well-worn and worth very little. She advertises old equipment to her members, and would usually expect to receive about £30 for an old exercise bike. Breda charges depreciation on exercise bikes using the straight-line method, with a time pro-rated charge in the first and final years of ownership, depending on the dates of acquisition and disposal. Required: a. Calculate the depreciation charge on the exercise bike for the years ended 30 April 20X1 and 20X2. (4 Marks) b. Calculate the cost, accumulated depreciation and net book value of the exercise bike as at 30 April 20X1 and 20X2. (6 Marks) c. Assume that on 31 January 20X3 Breda receives a cash offer for the bike for £250, and that she accepts the offer. Calculate the profit or loss on disposal of the bike (4 Marks) d. Write the journal entries for the sale of the bike. (4 Marks) e. What would be the figures appearing in the financial statements of the company at 31 December 20X1 and 20X2, using the information calculated. (4 Marks) f. Identify one other depreciation method and explain how Breda should choose which method to use. (3Marks)
Breda aims to keep exercise bikes for three years. After three years, she finds the bikes are usually well-worn and worth very little. She advertises old equipment to her members, and would usually expect to receive about £30 for an old exercise bike.
Breda charges depreciation on exercise bikes using the straight-line method, with a time pro-rated charge in the first and final years of ownership, depending on the dates of acquisition and disposal. Straight-line method of depreciation is a commonly used method of calculating depreciation over time. As per this method, the same amount of depreciation is deducted from the asset’s value for each year over its useful life. The straight-line depreciation rate is calculated as (Cost - Residual value) / Useful life.Calculation of depreciation for the years ended 30 April 20X1 and 20X2: Cost of the bike = £450 Life of the bike = 3 years. Therefore, annual depreciation = (£450-£30)/3 = £140 (rounded off)
Calculation of the cost, accumulated depreciation and net book value of the exercise bike as at 30 April 20X1 and 20X2: Note: The time pro-rated charge is calculated based on the period for which the asset was in use during the year under consideration. In 20X1 Cost: £450 Depreciation (from the above calculation) = £140 Time pro-rated depreciation for 213 days = (£140/365) * 213 = £82.08 Accumulated depreciation = £82.08 Net book value = Cost - accumulated depreciation = £367.92In 20X2 Cost: £450 Depreciation (from the above calculation) = £140 Time pro-rated depreciation for 365 days = (£140/365) * 365 = £140 Accumulated depreciation = £82.08 + £140 = £222.08 Net book value = Cost - accumulated depreciation = £227.92
The profit or loss on disposal of the bike: Sales price = £250 Net book value on 31 January 20X3 = £140 Profit or loss on disposal = Sales price - Net book value = £110 loss
Journal entries for the sale of the bike: On 31 January 20X3, the following journal entry will be made: Account Debit Credit Bank account£250 Disposal of exercise bike (loss)£110 Depreciation account£140
What would be the figures appearing in the financial statements of the company at 31 December 20X1 and 20X2, using the information calculated: As at 30 April 20X1: Balance sheet Fixed assets£367.92 Current assets Other assets£30 Profit and loss account Depreciation £82.08 As at 30 April 20X2:Balance sheet Fixed assets £227.92 Current assets Other assets£30Profit and loss account Depreciation £140
Identification of one other depreciation method and explanation on how Breda should choose which method to use: Another depreciation method is the reducing balance method. It is similar to the straight-line method, but the rate of depreciation is higher in the earlier years of the asset's life and reduces over time. This method is used when the asset's efficiency is higher in its early years, and its maintenance cost is lower. It is ideal for assets that will be replaced once they are worn out and those that are more efficient in the early years of their life. Breda can use the reducing balance method if the exercise bikes are more efficient in the early years of use. She should assess the maintenance cost and efficiency of the asset in its early years to determine if this method is more appropriate for the bikes. If the maintenance cost is high in the early years and the asset is equally efficient throughout its life, the straight-line method is more appropriate.
Breda uses the straight-line method to calculate depreciation on her exercise bikes. Based on the cost and life of the asset, the annual depreciation for each year is £140. The cost, accumulated depreciation, and net book value of the asset at the end of each financial year are calculated. When Breda receives a cash offer of £250 for the bike, she records a loss on disposal of £110. The journal entries for the sale of the bike are also shown. Finally, another method of depreciation, the reducing balance method, is identified and explained, and how Breda should choose which method to use is discussed.
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Intro Nollaney Corp. had $58,000 in cash at the end of 2020 and $72,000 at the end of 2021. The firm invested a total of $332,000 in property, plant, and equipment. Total cash flow from financing activities was +$270,000. Attempt 2/6 for 5 pts. Part 1 What was the cash flow from operating activities? 76,000 Correct ✓ Attempt 5/6 for 5 pts. Part 2 If accounts receivable and inventories increased by $85,000 (total), accounts payable increased by $14,000, and depreciation added up to $54,000, what was the firm's net income?
The firm's income was $93,000.
To calculate the net income, we can use the following formula:
Net Income = Cash flow from operating activities - Cash flow from investing activities - Cash flow from financing activities
We know that the cash flow from investing activities was -$332,000 and the cash flow from financing activities was +$270,000.
To find the cash flow from operating activities, we can use the indirect method of preparing the statement of cash flows. We start with net income and adjust for non-cash items such as depreciation and changes in working capital.
Let's break down the information given:
The change in cash balance from 2020 to 2021 was an increase of $72,000 - $58,000 = $14,000.
Cash flow from investing activities was -$332,000
Cash flow from financing activities was +$270,000.
Change in accounts receivable and inventories = $85,000
Change in accounts payable = $14,000
Depreciation = $54,000
Using this information, we can calculate the cash flow from operating activities as follows:
Cash flow from operating activities = Net income + Depreciation - Change in accounts receivable and inventories + Change in accounts payable
= Net income + $54,000 - $85,000 + $14,000
= Net income - $17,000
We are given that the cash flow from operating activities is $76,000 (from Attempt 2/6), so we can solve for net income:
$76,000 = Net income - $17,000
Net income = $93,000
Therefore, the firm's income was $93,000.
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How do you measure real consumption per adult equivalent? What
are some issues that should be considered when constructing an
equivalence scale?
Robust statistical methods and representative data sources are crucial to ensure reliable results.
Measuring real consumption per adult equivalent involves determining the level of consumption per person in a household, accounting for differences in needs and economies of scale.
To measure real consumption per adult equivalent, one needs to account for variations in household composition and size. An adult equivalent scale assigns weights to different household members, considering that children have lower consumption needs than adults. By applying this scale, the total household consumption is divided by the number of adult equivalents to obtain real consumption per person.
When constructing an equivalence scale, certain issues should be considered. First, the scale should reflect variations in needs and economies of scale. Different household members may require different amounts of goods and services, and larger households may benefit from cost-sharing. Second, cultural and societal norms regarding resource allocation within households should be taken into account. Third, data limitations and measurement errors can affect the accuracy of the scale. Robust statistical methods and representative data sources are crucial to ensure reliable results.
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Calculate the yield to maturity (YTM) for a zero coupon bond, if the bond are traded for 86612 SEK today and the time to expiration is 3 year(s). The face value of the bond is 100000 SEK. (Answers are rounded to one decimal) a) 9.9 % b) 4.9 % c) 95.3 % d) -4.7 % e) 104.9 %
A zero coupon bond is a bond that has no coupon payments, and it is sold at a discount to its face value. None of the options is correct.
The Yield to maturity (YTM) is the rate that equates the discounted cash flows to the current market price of the bond. It is a measure of the expected return of a bond over its remaining life.
It takes into account the bond's price, coupon, time to maturity, and face value, among other factors.
The yield to maturity is calculated by solving the following equation:
PV = FV / (1 + r)n
Where PV is the bond's current market price, FV is the bond's face value, r is the bond's yield to maturity, and n is the number of years to maturity.
Using the above formula,
we can calculate the yield to maturity for the given zero-coupon bond:
PV = FV / (1 + r)n86612 = 100000 / (1 + r)3 (dividing both sides by 100000)0.86612 = 1 / (1 + r)3 (taking the cube root of both sides)1.206 = 1 + r (subtracting 1 from both sides)0.206 = r (multiplying both sides by 100)So, the yield to maturity for the given zero-coupon bond is approximately 20.6%. Therefore, none of the options is correct.
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what do you feel about the project inputs? which of the inputs in
your opinion would you consider the most important? (exactly full
answer please)
As an AI language model, I don't have feelings, but I can provide an objective response to your question.
The project inputs refer to all the resources, information, and materials that are required for a project's successful completion. These inputs include financial resources, human resources, physical resources, equipment, technology, and more.
All the inputs for a project are essential and play a crucial role in its success. However, some inputs may be more critical than others, depending on the nature and complexity of the project. In my opinion, the most important input for any project is human resources. The success of any project depends on the skills, experience, and dedication of the team members. Therefore, having the right people on board and ensuring their productivity, engagement, and satisfaction is crucial. A competent and motivated team can overcome any challenges and deliver excellent results even with limited resources. Another input that is equally important is communication. Effective communication channels and protocols ensure that all stakeholders are well-informed, aligned, and able to share feedback and suggestions. This input helps to avoid misunderstandings, delays, and errors, which can cause the project to fail or exceed the budget and schedule.
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it is easy for marketers to identify consumer evaluation criteria. true or false?
The answer to this question is "false." While marketers do have access to various tools and techniques that can help them identify consumer evaluation criteria, it is not always easy to do so. Consumer evaluation criteria can be subjective and complex, and they can vary from one individual to another, as well as from one product category to another.
Additionally, consumer evaluation criteria can change over time as new products, technologies, and trends emerge. Therefore, marketers must conduct ongoing research and analysis to stay abreast of consumer evaluation criteria and adjust their strategies accordingly. They may use a variety of methods such as surveys, focus groups, data analytics, and social media monitoring to identify consumer evaluation criteria.
Overall, it takes time, effort, and resources for marketers to identify consumer evaluation criteria and apply that knowledge effectively in their marketing strategies.
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Integrated Business Planning
S&OP is evolving into integrated business planning (IBP) in many organizations. This shift reflects the need for more comprehensive business planning across the organization and the supply chain. Given the name, the implication for S&OP is that it is limited to sales and operations. While IBP is similar in concept to S&OP, it is designed to include (1) greater financial integration, (2) increased inclusion of strategic initiatives and activities, (3) improved simulation and modeling of alternatives, and (4) easier translation between aggregate and detailed levels of planning. It is likely that the shift to more IBP will continue as firms realize its capability to better meet customer needs while using resources more effectively.
For DB3, identify and research a company who is a leader in the transition to Integrated Business Planning. How have they demonstrated (1) greater financial integration, (2) increased inclusion of strategic initiatives and activities, (3) improved simulation and modeling of alternatives, and (4) easier translation between aggregate and detailed levels of planning. In reply to two classmates' posts, what did you learn from their company's Integrated Business Planning, and what questions do you have regarding their post?
Company X is one business that has taken the lead in the switch to integrated business planning (IBP). Greater financial integration, more strategic objectives and activities have been incorporated,
By integrating their sales and operations planning with their financial goals and performance indicators, Company X has established IBP practises that demonstrate stronger financial integration. They have included financial data and analysis in the planning process, allowing for a thorough understanding of the financial effects of various options and choices for business planing.
Additionally, Company X has expanded the proportion of strategic projects and activities that they include in their IBP strategy. They incorporate strategic goals, like the introduction of new products or the expansion of the market, into the planning process to guarantee that the operational plans are in line with the long-term aims of the business.
Company X makes use of sophisticated forecasting and scenario analysis technologies to better simulation and modelling of alternatives.
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The process of human resource planning has expanded beyond
predicting the number of employees an organization will need to
become more strategic.
True
False
True. The process of human resource planning has indeed expanded beyond simply predicting the number of employees an organization will need.
It has become more strategic and comprehensive, taking into account factors such as workforce skills, competencies, and alignment with organizational goals and objectives. Human resource planning now involves forecasting future talent needs, identifying gaps in skills and capabilities, and developing strategies to attract, retain, and develop the right talent to meet the organization's present and future needs. This shift in focus allows organizations to align their human resources with their overall strategic objectives and gain a competitive advantage in the market.
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a. If the owners' equity is $1,000 and liabilities are $800, what are the assets worth? Assets liabilities + owners' equity I b. If the assets are $1,000 and liabilities are $600, what is the owners' equity? Owners' equity = assets liabilities -
a. The assets are worth $1,800. Given that the owners' equity is $1,000 and liabilities are $800, we can calculate the value of assets.
According to the accounting equation, assets equal liabilities plus owners' equity. Given that the owners' equity is $1,000 and liabilities are $800, we can calculate the value of assets as follows:
Assets = Liabilities + Owners' Equity
Assets = $800 + $1,000
Assets = $1,800
Therefore, the assets are worth $1,800.
b. The owners' equity is $400. Given that the assets are $1,000 and liabilities are $600, we can calculate the owners' equity.
Using the accounting equation, owners' equity equals assets minus liabilities. Given that the assets are $1,000 and liabilities are $600, we can calculate the owners' equity as follows:
Owners' Equity = Assets - Liabilities
Owners' Equity = $1,000 - $600
Owners' Equity = $400
Therefore, the owners' equity is $400.
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What are the Wheels Group’s core competencies and what has made
the business successful to date?
The Wheels Group is a non-asset based company that offers third-party logistics solutions. They have two core competencies, which are; the provision of comprehensive transportation solutions and offering flexible logistics solutions to their customers.
These two core competencies have been instrumental in their success to date.Provision of comprehensive transportation solutionsThe Wheels Group has invested heavily in developing a comprehensive transportation solution, including transport planning and optimization. This solution enables their customers to optimize their supply chain while reducing their transportation costs. The company has a vast network of carriers who are reliable and ensure their clients' loads are transported safely and efficiently. Furthermore, they have a robust system in place to track and monitor all shipments. Offering flexible logistics solutionsThe Wheels Group is known for offering flexible logistics solutions that can be customized to suit their customers' needs. They have a team of experts who are well-versed in all aspects of logistics. They can provide supply chain planning, warehouse management, and fulfillment services to their clients. The company's ability to offer flexible solutions has been instrumental in their success as it ensures customer satisfaction.
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Companies XYZ sells its product for $30 per unit. Variable costs are 60% of the selling price, and your fixed costs are $25,000. What is the dollar level of sales required to reach tie or balance ("br
To reach the tie or balance point, where the company neither makes a profit nor incurs a loss, the dollar level of sales required would be $62,500.
The dollar level of sales required to reach the tie or balance point, also known as the breakeven point, can be calculated using the given information.
The breakeven point occurs when the total revenue equals the total costs, resulting in neither profit nor loss. To calculate the breakeven point, we need to consider both the fixed costs and the variable costs.
The dollar level of sales required to reach tie or balance ("breakeven point") is $62,500.
To explain further, let's break down the calculation:
Variable costs as a percentage of the selling price: Since the variable costs are 60% of the selling price, we can calculate them as $30 * 0.60 = $18 per unit.
Contribution margin per unit: The contribution margin is the difference between the selling price and the variable cost per unit. In this case, it is $30 - $18 = $12 per unit.
Breakeven point in units: To cover the fixed costs, we divide the fixed costs ($25,000) by the contribution margin per unit ($12). This gives us 25,000 / 12 = 2,083.33 units.
Breakeven point in dollars: To calculate the dollar level of sales required to reach the breakeven point, we multiply the breakeven point in units (2,083.33) by the selling price ($30). This gives us 2,083.33 * 30 = $62,500.
Therefore, to reach the tie or balance point, where the company neither makes a profit nor incurs a loss, the dollar level of sales required would be $62,500. This amount covers the fixed costs and variable costs associated with producing and selling the product.
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what is the primary reason why social media marketing efforts fail?
The primary reason why social media marketing efforts fail can vary depending on various factors, but some common reasons include:
Lack of clear goals and strategy: Without a well-defined marketing strategy and clear goals, it becomes difficult to measure the success of social media marketing efforts. Without a roadmap, businesses may struggle to engage their target audience effectively and fail to achieve desired results.
Inconsistent or poor content: Content plays a crucial role in social media marketing. If the content shared is irrelevant, uninteresting, or of poor quality, it fails to capture the attention of the audience. Consistency in posting valuable and engaging content is vital for maintaining the interest and trust of followers.
Ineffective targeting and audience understanding: Understanding the target audience is essential for effective social media marketing. Failing to identify and target the right audience can result in reaching the wrong people or failing to engage with the intended audience effectively. Lack of audience research and insights can lead to wasted resources and poor campaign performance.
Lack of engagement and interaction: Social media is meant to be a two-way communication channel. Failing to actively engage with followers, respond to comments, and interact with the audience can make the marketing efforts appear one-sided and impersonal. Building relationships and fostering engagement is crucial for social media marketing success.
Insufficient investment and resources: Social media marketing requires time, effort, and resources to be successful. Insufficient investment in terms of budget, manpower, or tools can limit the reach and impact of marketing efforts. It is important to allocate appropriate resources and continuously monitor and optimize campaigns for better results.
Ignoring analytics and data: Social media platforms provide valuable analytics and data insights that can help track the performance of marketing efforts. Failing to analyze and leverage this data can hinder the ability to make informed decisions and improve campaign effectiveness.
Overall, social media marketing efforts can fail due to a combination of factors, but having a well-defined strategy, understanding the audience, delivering valuable content, and actively engaging with followers are key elements for success in this digital landscape.
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Consider two bonds. Bond A has a $50 coupon, payable at the end of each year. Bond B has two semi-annual $25 coupons, one payable in mid-year and the second at the end of the year. Both bonds are otherwise identical, with the same principle and maturity. Would bond A have a higher, lower or the same price as Bond B? Why?
Bond A and Bond B have different coupon structures. Bond A has an annual $50 coupon payment, while Bond B has two semi-annual $25 coupon payments.
In general, the price of a bond is influenced by various factors, including the coupon payments, prevailing interest rates, and the time to maturity. The coupon structure affects the cash flows received by bondholders and, consequently, can impact the bond's price.
When comparing Bond A and Bond B, it's important to consider the timing of coupon payments. Bond A pays a $50 coupon at the end of each year, while Bond B pays two semi-annual coupons of $25 each, with one payment in the mid-year and the other at the end of the year.
The timing of coupon payments can affect the present value of cash flows. In general, earlier cash flows are more valuable than later ones due to the time value of money. With Bond B, the semi-annual coupon payment received in the mid-year allows investors to receive cash flows sooner compared to Bond A, which pays an annual coupon at the end of the year.
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How many business suits should you own?
Group of answer choices
Only one
At least two
Three to four
One for every day of the week
How should you dress on the first day of a new job to make a positive first impression?
Group of answer choices
Dress casually, you don't want to be overdressed
Dress like you did when you were a student in school
Wear a business suit, you can always remove your jacket
Wear bright, flashy colors so you'll stand out
As a professional, how you dress can influence the first impression you make in your new job. Making a good first impression can boost your self-confidence and help you build good relationships with your colleagues. It is, therefore, essential to dress appropriately.
You should not wear bright and flashy colors or dress like you did when you were a student in school. Instead, you should dress professionally and conservatively. The following tips can help you choose the right outfit for your first day on the job: How many business suits should you own? As a general rule, you should own at least two business suits. This is because suits can be worn on a variety of occasions, including job interviews, business meetings, and formal events. Owning two suits also allows you to alternate them, which can help to prolong their life. How should you dress on the first day of a new job to make a positive first impression? On the first day of your new job, it's important to dress professionally and conservatively to make a positive first impression. This can help you to convey that you are serious about your work and that you respect the dress code of your workplace. You should wear clothing that is clean, ironed, and fits well. It's also important to wear comfortable shoes since you will be on your feet for most of the day. Wearing a smile and being confident can also go a long way in making a good first impression.
In summary, to make a positive first impression at a new job, it is important to dress professionally and conservatively. Avoid wearing bright, flashy colors, or dressing like you did when you were a student in school. You should own at least two business suits, and make sure to wear clothing that is clean, ironed, and fits well. By following these tips, you can make a great first impression and set yourself up for success in your new job.
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Question 25 Consider the following data about a firm. The tax rate is 20%. What is the total free cash flow in year 2001? 2000 2001 2002 OCF 50 45 55 Depreciation 8 10 12 Interest 10 15 20 Net PPE 80
The total free cash flow in year 2001 for the firm is $12 million ($31 million * (1 - Tax Rate)).
The total free cash flow in year 2001 for the firm can be calculated by subtracting the taxes, interest expense, and changes in net PPE from the operating cash flow (OCF) and adding the depreciation. Considering a tax rate of 20%, the total free cash flow in year 2001 is $12 million.
To calculate the total free cash flow in year 2001, we need to consider various components. First, we subtract the taxes from the operating cash flow (OCF). The tax rate is given as 20%. So, the after-tax cash flow is calculated by multiplying the OCF by (1 - Tax Rate), resulting in $36 million (45 * (1 - 0.20)).
Next, we subtract the interest expense from the after-tax cash flow. The interest expense in 2001 is $15 million. Therefore, the cash flow after interest is $21 million ($36 million - $15 million).
Then, we subtract the change in net PPE (Property, Plant, and Equipment) from the cash flow after interest. The net PPE in 2000 is $80 million, and in 2001, it remains the same. Hence, there is no change in net PPE.
Finally, we add the depreciation to the cash flow after adjusting for net PPE. The depreciation in 2001 is $10 million. Adding this to the cash flow after adjusting for net PPE gives us a total free cash flow of $31 million ($21 million + $10 million).
Therefore, the total free cash flow in year 2001 for the firm is $12 million ($31 million * (1 - Tax Rate)).
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5 J ?The total revenue of a corporation for a given period is estimated to be $25,000. What is the contribution margin ratio if the total variable cost is $10,000 50%. O 70%.b O 40%. O 60% d O
The question is about the contribution margin ratio of a corporation for a given period when the total revenue is estimated to be $25,000 and the total variable cost is $10,000. The answer is 60%.
Therefore, the contribution margin ratio is calculated by dividing the contribution margin by the total sales revenue. The contribution margin is the difference between the total sales revenue and total variable costs, and it can be calculated using the formula: Contribution margin = Total sales revenue - Total variable costs. Given that the total revenue is estimated to be $25,000, and the total variable cost is $10,000. Therefore, the contribution margin is: Contribution margin = $25,000 - $10,000 Contribution margin = $15,000Now that we have found the contribution margin, we can proceed to calculate the contribution margin ratio.
The contribution margin ratio is calculated by dividing the contribution margin by the total sales revenue. It can be calculated using the formula: Contribution margin ratio = (Contribution margin / Total sales revenue) × 100%Substituting the values, we have: Contribution margin ratio = ($15,000 / $25,000) × 100%Contribution margin ratio = 60%Therefore, the contribution margin ratio is 60%.
The contribution margin ratio is a financial ratio that is used to measure the profitability of a company. It is calculated by dividing the contribution margin by the total sales revenue. In this case, the contribution margin ratio is 60% when the total revenue of a corporation is estimated to be $25,000, and the total variable cost is $10,000.
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Question 13
"Find the Pear Company's cost of equity if its current share
price is $20, the next annual dividend is $1.40, the accounting
return on equity (ROE) is 10%, and the dividend payout ratio is
The cost of equity for the Pear Company can be calculated using the dividend discount model (DDM).
The DDM estimates the cost of equity by dividing the expected dividend by the current share price and adding the growth rate. In this case, the next annual dividend is $1.40 and the current share price is $20. The dividend payout ratio, which represents the portion of earnings paid out as dividends, is not provided. However, the accounting return on equity (ROE) is given as 10%. To calculate the dividend payout ratio, we can use the formula: Dividend Payout Ratio = Dividend / Net Income. With the dividend payout ratio determined, we can then calculate the cost of equity.
To find the dividend payout ratio, we use the accounting return on equity (ROE) of 10%. The ROE is calculated as Net Income / Shareholders' Equity. Let's assume the net income is NI. Therefore, we have NI / Shareholders' Equity = 10%. Rearranging the formula, we get NI = 0.10 * Shareholders' Equity. Now, the dividend payout ratio can be calculated as Dividend / NI. Since the next annual dividend is $1.40, and we know NI = 0.10 * Shareholders' Equity, the dividend payout ratio is Dividend / (0.10 * Shareholders' Equity) = $1.40 / (0.10 * Shareholders' Equity).
Now, we can use the DDM formula to calculate the cost of equity. The DDM formula is Cost of Equity = Dividend / Share Price + Growth Rate. We already have the next annual dividend as $1.40 and the current share price as $20. The growth rate is calculated using the dividend growth model (DGM), which assumes a constant growth rate of dividends. However, the growth rate is not provided in the given information. Therefore, we need additional data or assumptions to calculate it. Once the growth rate is determined, we can substitute the values into the DDM formula to find the cost of equity for the Pear Company.
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The preparation of the budget for direct materials ("direct materials") must be preceded by the preparation of the budget for: Mutiple choice selling and administrative expenses. canh indirect manufac
The preparation of the budget for direct materials must be preceded by the preparation of the budget for production or manufacturing overhead expenses.
The budget for production or manufacturing overhead expenses includes indirect manufacturing costs such as factory rent, utilities, maintenance, and other costs associated with the production process. These costs are necessary for the production of goods but are not directly attributable to specific units of production like direct materials. Therefore, understanding and estimating the manufacturing overhead expenses is crucial before preparing the budget for direct materials.
Selling and administrative expenses are not directly related to the production process and are typically treated separately from the manufacturing budget. These expenses include costs associated with sales, marketing, distribution, and general administration of the company, but they do not directly impact the budget for direct materials.
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The government has decided to impose a pollution tax on coal burning power plants in an attempt to reduce harmful emissions. The new tax will cost the 20 largest industrial carbon emitters $6 million annually. In terms of reduced emissions, the annual tax benefits are valued at $20 per person. 100 million people are directly affected by emissions from these plants. The total annual cost of this tax is ___________, while the total annual benefit to society is ____________.
$60 million, $2 billion
$60 million, $1 billion
$120 million, $1 billion
$120 million, $2 billion
The total annual cost of the pollution tax imposed on the 20 largest industrial carbon emitters is $60 million, while the total annual benefit to society is $1 billion.
The given information states that the new pollution tax will cost the 20 largest industrial carbon emitters $6 million annually. Since there are 20 emitters, the total annual cost of the tax is 20 * $6 million, which equals $120 million.
The annual tax benefits, in terms of reduced emissions, are valued at $20 per person. With 100 million people directly affected by emissions from these plants, the total annual benefit to society is 100 million * $20, which equals $2 billion.
Therefore, the total annual cost of the tax is $120 million, while the total annual benefit to society is $2 billion.
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CROSS RATES Suppose the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Swedish krona was 7.97 krona $1, and the exchange rate between the dollar and the British pound was £1 $1.29. What would be the exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds?
The exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds would be approximately 9.76 kronas per pound.
To determine the exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds, we can use the given exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and Swedish krona and between the U.S. dollar and British pound.
Convert Swedish kronas to U.S. dollars
Since the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and Swedish krona is 7.97 krona per $1, we can calculate the value of 1 Swedish krona in U.S. dollars by taking the reciprocal of the exchange rate: 1 / 7.97 = 0.1256 dollars per krona.
Convert U.S. dollars to British pounds
Next, we need to convert U.S. dollars to British pounds using the given exchange rate of £1 to $1.29. Multiplying the exchange rate by the value of 1 U.S. dollar in British pounds, we get: 1.29 dollars per pound.
Calculate the exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds
Finally, we multiply the value of 1 Swedish krona in U.S. dollars (0.1256 dollars per krona) by the value of 1 U.S. dollar in British pounds (1.29 dollars per pound) to find the exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds: 0.1256 * 1.29 = 0.1620 pounds per krona.
Therefore, the exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds would be approximately 9.76 kronas per pound.
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This is for The Blue Spider Project for Project Management case
studies. Did Gary understand production operations?
Gary's lack of understanding of production operations was a major setback for The Blue Spider Project. It is imperative that project managers possess knowledge and skills related to production operations to successfully manage such projects.
In The Blue Spider Project for Project Management case studies, Gary was found to be lacking an understanding of production operations. Let us discuss Gary's situation with regards to production operations and his role in The Blue Spider Project.
Gary was a project manager in The Blue Spider Project, responsible for managing the project and overseeing its completion. The project was aimed at creating a new software program for the company. The project was to be completed within the given time frame and budget.
However, Gary failed to understand production operations, which led to a major delay in the project completion. He didn't have the right knowledge, skills and experience required to handle such complex projects. As a result, he failed to provide the right resources and support to the project team.
Moreover, Gary's lack of knowledge about production operations led to his inability to identify and address the issues and challenges faced by the team. This resulted in a major setback for the project. The project had to be delayed and additional resources were required to complete it.
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A stock is currently selling for $61 per share. A call option with an exercise price of $67 sells for $4.35 and expires in three months. If the risk-free rate of interest is 2.6 percent per year, compounded continuously, what is the price of a put option with the same exercise price? Multiple Choice A. $1.02 B. $9.92 C. $9.52 D. $10.31 E. $10,31
The price of a put option can be calculated using the put-call parity formula.
Given the current stock price, the price of a call option, the time to expiration, and the risk-free interest rate, we can determine the price of a put option with the same exercise price.
In this case, the stock is selling for $61 per share, and a call option with an exercise price of $67 is selling for $4.35 and expires in three months. The risk-free rate of interest is 2.6% per year, compounded continuously.
Using the put-call parity formula, the price of a put option can be calculated as:
Put Price = Call Price + Exercise Price * e^(-r * t) - Stock Price
where:
Call Price is the price of the call option
Exercise Price is the exercise price of both the call and put options
r is the risk-free interest rate
t is the time to expiration
Stock Price is the current price of the stock
Plugging in the given values, we have:
Put Price = $4.35 + $67 * e^(-0.026 * (3/12)) - $61
Calculating this expression, the price of the put option is approximately $9.52.
Therefore, the correct answer is C. $9.52.
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Which of the following is an operating budget?
cash budget
production budget
tax budget
capital budget
An operating budget is a financial plan for a company's day-to-day operations. It includes information about revenues and expenses from the sale of goods or services, labor costs, (B) production budget, and operating expenses.
The goal of an operating budget is to maximize a company's profits while reducing costs and increasing efficiency.
Operating budget components:
An operating budget has several key components.
Some of the critical components of an operating budget include the Sales budget:
The sales budget is a projection of how much revenue a company expects to earn in a given period.
This is often the starting point for creating an operating budget.
Cost of goods sold (COGS): The cost of goods sold is a forecast of how much a company will spend to produce its goods or services in a given period.
Expenses: Operating expenses such as rent, utilities, and salaries must also be accounted for in an operating budget.
Capital expenditures: Capital expenditures, such as purchasing new equipment or renovating a building, are not typically included in an operating budget.
The production budget is an operating budget.
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You have the opportunity to attend a conference for professional development in your area of expertise and you want to submit a request (prior to the conference) for the expenses to be covered by your employer. Conference expenses include the following:
1: Airfare or mileage from the region where you live(Michigan) to St. Louis, MO Three nights in a hotel in downtown St. Louis, MO (close to America’s Convention Center Complex)
2: Three nights in a hotel in downtown St. Louis, MO (close to America’s Convention Center Complex)
3: Taxi fare from the airport to your hotel and from your hotel back to the airport (either Uber or Lyft)
4: One dinner and one breakfast (all other meals are included in the conference)
5: Conference fee - $350
You should request your employer to cover these expenses. You can conclude your letter by thanking your employer for considering your request to attend the conference and for giving you the opportunity to enhance your professional skills.
Dear User,In order to submit a request to your employer regarding the coverage of the expenses for attending a conference for professional development in your area of expertise, you have to follow the guidelines below:You should write a letter to your employer and start by addressing them. You have to tell your employer the reason for writing this letter and the subject matter, i.e., the request for attending a conference for professional development in your area of expertise. You should mention the date, place, and duration of the conference as well as the various expenses required to attend the conference. The expenses include airfare or mileage, hotel charges, taxi fare, meals, and conference fees.You should make sure to give your employer sufficient details about the conference such as the location (America’s Convention Center Complex), its importance, and what you intend to learn from the conference. You should also inform them of the benefits your company will get from your participation in the conference.The total expenses for attending the conference are estimated to be about $1,200, including conference fees. So, you should request your employer to cover these expenses. You can conclude your letter by thanking your employer for considering your request to attend the conference and for giving you the opportunity to enhance your professional skills.
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which aspect of niche online social networks makes the medium most appealing to marketers?
The aspect of niche online social networks that makes the medium most appealing to marketers is the ability to target specific, highly engaged audiences with shared interests or demographics.
Niche online social networks cater to specific communities or interest groups, allowing individuals with common interests to connect and engage with each other. This aspect makes these networks highly appealing to marketers for several reasons.
Firstly, niche social networks offer a targeted audience. By focusing on specific interests or demographics, marketers can reach a more relevant and engaged audience for their products or services. They can tailor their marketing messages and campaigns to Social media platforms align with the interests and preferences of the network's members, increasing the chances of resonating with them and driving conversions.
Secondly, niche networks often foster a sense of community and trust among their members. Users in these networks are more likely to have strong connections and actively participate in discussions and recommendations related to their shared interests. This presents an opportunity for marketers to leverage the power of word-of-mouth marketing and influencer endorsements within these communities.
Lastly, niche social networks often provide more in-depth data and analytics about their members, allowing marketers to gain insights into their behaviors, preferences, and purchasing patterns. This data can inform targeted advertising strategies and enable marketers to create more personalized and effective campaigns.
Overall, the appeal of niche online social networks to marketers lies in the ability to reach a specific audience, tap into a sense of community and trust, and leverage detailed data for targeted marketing efforts.
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Rachel Lucas is the human resources manager of a prestigious accounting firm. Rachel recently attended a local human resources professionals' association meet- ing where recruitment was the topic up for discussion At this meeting all aspects of the recruitment process, including recruitment methods and how to increase diversity through the use of application forms, were to be discussed. Rachel couldn't wait to apply what she learned at this meeting to her job While listening to the scheduled speaker for the even- ing, Rachel started to think about the current recruitment initiatives she was dealing with at work. The firm was entering its traditional busy season where many clients would need tax returns completed. This time every year she needed to source and hire quality, qualified candidates to fill 50 tax preparer positions. The partners were relying heavily on her this year to get higher quality candidates because of the complex returns that would have to be completed, and to have them in place within three weeks
1. Should Rachel use internal or external recruitment techniques to staff these 50 positions?
2. Rachel is hoping to recruit qualified candidates from a variety of diverse demographics. Will she have to use different recruitment techniques to do this? If so, what ones are the most effective to attract these candidates? (older workers, designated group members, and so on)?
3. Rachel plans on hiring recruiters to assist her in staffing these 50 positions. Knowing the company will require the recruiters to adhere to the concept of employer branding, describe what steps Rachel should take to orient the new recruiters to the branding process.
4. In conducting job interviews, what are five questions they should ask recruiter candidates?
5. Design a rating system to evaluate the responses of the recruiter candidates for the questions you asked in #4, for the recruiter jobs.
1. Rachel should consider using a combination of internal and external recruitment techniques to staff the 50 positions. Internal recruitment involves identifying and considering existing employees within the company for the job openings. This can be beneficial as it encourages employee development and loyalty. External recruitment, on the other hand, involves seeking candidates from outside the company, which can bring fresh perspectives and skills. Given the need for quality and qualified candidates within a short timeframe, Rachel can explore both options. Internal recruitment may help identify potential candidates who are already familiar with the company's operations, while external recruitment can broaden the pool of talent.
2. Yes, Rachel may need to use different recruitment techniques to attract qualified candidates from diverse demographics. Effective techniques for attracting diverse candidates can include targeted advertising in publications or platforms that reach specific demographics, networking events with organizations representing diverse groups, partnerships with educational institutions or community organizations, and promoting the company's commitment to diversity and inclusion in job postings and employer branding efforts. Tailoring recruitment strategies to specific demographic groups can help attract a more diverse range of candidates.
3. To orient the new recruiters to the concept of employer branding, Rachel should take the following steps:
- Clearly articulate the company's mission, values, and culture, emphasizing the importance of employer branding in attracting and retaining top talent.
- Provide training on the company's employer brand message, ensuring recruiters understand the key selling points and unique aspects of the organization as an employer.
- Familiarize recruiters with the company's recruitment marketing materials, including the website, social media presence, and any employer branding campaigns.
- Encourage recruiters to actively engage with candidates and promote the employer brand consistently throughout the recruitment process.
- Establish regular communication channels to share updates on employer branding initiatives and provide ongoing support and guidance to the recruiters.
4. Five questions Rachel can ask recruiter candidates during job interviews:
a. Can you describe your experience in sourcing and attracting candidates for positions similar to the ones we are hiring for?
b. How do you stay updated on industry trends and best practices in recruitment?
c. Can you share an example of a successful diversity recruitment initiative or campaign you have led?
d. How do you assess candidate fit beyond the qualifications and skills listed on their resumes?
e. How do you use data and metrics to measure the effectiveness of your recruitment strategies and make improvements?
5. Rating system for evaluating responses of recruiter candidates:
Criteria:
- Demonstrated experience in sourcing and attracting candidates for similar positions (1-5 scale)
- Knowledge of industry trends and best practices (1-5 scale)
- Success in leading diversity recruitment initiatives (1-5 scale)
- Ability to assess candidate fit beyond qualifications (1-5 scale)
- Skill in using data and metrics for recruitment strategy improvement (1-5 scale)
Each criterion can be rated on a scale of 1-5, with 1 being low and 5 being high. The scores for each criterion can be totaled to provide an overall rating for each candidate. For example, if a candidate scores 4 on criterion 1, 5 on criterion 2, 3 on criterion 3, 4 on criterion 4, and 2 on criterion 5, the total score would be 18 out of 25. This rating system allows for a quantitative evaluation of the recruiter candidates' responses and provides a basis for comparison.
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Support chat the Universal Studios Singapore is using a simulation to study the waiting line (queue) for the Battlestar Galactica Roller Coaster ride. Among the choices below, identify the probability distributions that would likely be a best fit for the arrival rate and the inter-arrival time of the customers of the Battlestar Galactica ride. Exponential distributions for both the customer arrival rate and the inter-arrival time. Exponential distribution for the customer arrival rate and a normal distribution for the inter-arrival time. Poisson distribution for the customer arrival rate and Poisson distribution for the inter-arrival time. Normal distribution for the customer arrival rate and uniform distribution for the inter-arrival time. Poisson distribution for the customer arrival rate and exponential distribution for the inter-arrival time
.
The probability distributions that would likely be a best fit for the arrival rate and the inter-arrival time of the customers of the Battlestar Galactica ride are Exponential distribution for both the customer arrival rate and the inter-arrival time.
Simulation refers to a numerical approach that models the activities of an actual system over time. A simulation is often used to examine the impact of multiple policy choices and their effects on a system's outcomes. As a result, it is a highly valuable tool for improving decision-making procedures.What is Exponential Distribution?The Exponential Distribution is used to represent the time it takes for an event to occur in a Poisson Process. It's most commonly used to model waiting times between events, such as the time between arrivals at a toll booth or the time between radiation counts.
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Exercise 2-4 Computing Total Job Costs and Unit Product Costs Using Multiple Predetermined Overhead Rates [LO2-4] Fickel Company has two manufacturing departments-Assembly and Testing & Packaging. The predetermined overhead rates in Assembly and Testing & Packaging are $16.00 per direct labor-hour and $12.00 per direct labor-hour, respectively. The company's direct labor wage rate is $20.00 per hour. The following information pertains to Job N-60: Assembiy $ 340 $ 180 Testing& Packaging $ 25 $ 40 Direct materials Direct labor ces Required: 1. What is the total manufacturing cost assigned to Job N-60? 2. If Job N-60 consists of 10 units, what is the unit product cost for this job? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) 1. Total manufacturing cost 2. Unit product cost per unit
Unit product cost= Total manufacturing cost ÷ Number of units= $1,640 ÷ 10 units= $164 per unit The unit product cost for Job N-60 is $164 per unit.
1. Total manufacturing cost assigned to Job N-60The total manufacturing cost assigned to Job N-60 is calculated by adding the direct materials, direct labor, and the applied overhead. Assembly Testing & Packaging Direct materials$ 340$ 180Direct labor$ 500 (25 × $20.00)$ 800 (40 × $20.00)Overhead applied(16 × 10 direct labor-hours)(12 × 20 direct labor-hours) .
Total manufacturing cost$ 660$ 980The total manufacturing cost assigned to Job N-60 is $1,640.2. Unit product cost per unit If Job N-60 consists of 10 units, the unit product cost for this job is obtained by dividing the total manufacturing cost by the number of units produced.
Unit product cost= Total manufacturing cost ÷ Number of units= $1,640 ÷ 10 units= $164 per unit The unit product cost for Job N-60 is $164 per unit.
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