the greatest threat to the baby is: hypoxia
what is hypoxia ?Low oxygen levels in your body tissues are known as hypoxia. It results in symptoms including bluish skin, disorientation, restlessness, difficulty breathing, and a rapid heartbeat. You may be at risk for hypoxia if you have one of many chronic heart and lung diseases. Hypoxia poses a serious risk to life.
What are the 5 causes of hypoxia?Five types of hypoxemia-causing conditions can be brought on by problems with the heart and lungs: hypoventilation, hypoventilation-perfusion mismatch (V/Q), diffusion impairment, low ambient oxygen, and right-to-left shunting.
Can hypoxia cause brain damage?Brain cells are extremely susceptible to oxygen deprivation. Within less than five minutes of their oxygen supply ceasing, some brain cells begin to die. As a result, brain hypoxia can quickly result in death or severe brain damage.
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a nurse is administering an injection of insulin to a 5-year-old who has type i diabetes. which statement by the nurse would take into consideration this child’s developmental level?
The nurse's statement would take into account this child's developmental stage: it only feels like a pinch.
What steps would a nurse take to correctly give a subcutaneous injection?Depending on the size of the patient and the amount of fatty tissue, immediately insert the needle at an angle between 45 and 90 degrees. Use your non-dominant hand to release the tissue after the needle is in place. Inject the drug with your dominant hand, 10 seconds per mL. Do not move the syringe.
What is a subcutaneous injection contraindication?Subcutaneous injection is contraindicated in any disease that reduces blood flow.
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the nursing instructor is teaching a class on the physiologic prosperities involved with the birthing process. the instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly match surfactant with which function?
When pupils correctly match surfactant with, the lecturer concludes that the lesson was effective. With each breath, it prevents alveoli from collapsing.
How do surfactants work?The partial pressure between liquid phases, between an a gas and a liquid, or the interfacial tension between such a liquid and a solid can all be reduced by chemical molecules called surfactants. Cleaning products, cleaning fluids, emulsifiers, foaming agents, and dispersants are all examples of surfactants in action.
What is the lung's surfactant?The lung cells exude surfactant, which distributes throughout the alveolar tissue. This chemical reduces surface tension, which facilitates easy breathing by preventing the collapse of the alveoli following exhalation. Surfactants are employed in lubricants, inks, pro solutions, herbicides, adhesives, emulsifiers, and fabric softeners in addition to soap and detergents.
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an emergency department (ed) nurse is monitoring a client with suspected acute myocardial infarction (mi) who is awaiting transfer to the coronary intensive care unit. the nurse notes the sudden onset of premature ventricular contractions (pvcs) on the monitor, checks the client's carotid pulse, and determines that the pvcs are not resulting in perfusion. the appropriate action by the nurse is:
The nurse should ask the ED medical professional to examine the client as the proper course of action.
What kind of work does a nurse do?Registered nurses (RNs) deliver and organize patient care, educate the general public regarding various health issues, and offer patients' families emotional support and guidance. In a variety of contexts, the majority of registered nurses collaborate alongside doctors and other healthcare professionals.
Can a nurse become a physician?By obtaining a Bachelor's degree and enrolling to medical school like any other student, they becomes an MD or DO. Or, a registered nurse (RN) might get a doctorate in nurse (DNP), which is a degree in education and does not provide clinical authority.
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the nurse is preparing a client for a total hip arthroplasty and is obtaining data preoperatively. which statement made by the client is most important for the nurse to immediately report to the health care provider?
The statement made by the client which is most important for the nurse to immediately report to the health care provider is " I've been taking ibuprofen for my hip pain twice a day."
Patients are often instructed not to take ibuprofen and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) before or after surgery because of the increased bleeding risk.
A 2-week course of ibuprofen after total hip replacement or revision surgery can reduce ectopic bone growth but does not reduce the pain or improve mobility significantly several months after surgery and can lead to serious postoperative bleeding
Normally we will avoid using anti-inflammatory medication like ibuprofen, Advil, Aleve, etc. as this may interfere with bone or tendon healing.
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a client has been taking opioid analgesics for more than 2 weeks to control post-surgical pain. although pleased with the client's progress, the surgeon decides to change the analgesic to a non-opioid drug. the surgeon prescribes a gradually lower opioid dose and increasingly larger non-opioid doses. the surgeon is changing medications in this manner to avoid:
Client is taking opioid analgesics for more than 2 weeks to control post-surgical pain, surgeon decides to change the analgesic to a non-opioid drug. Surgeon is changing medications to avoid: withdrawal symptoms.
Why does surgeon change analgesic to non opioid drugs?The opioid-sparing effects may lead to reduced nausea, vomiting, constipation, urinary retention, respiratory depression and sedation. Hence, use of non-opioid analgesic techniques can lead to an improved quality of recovery for surgical patients.
Analgesics are also called painkillers. These are medications that relieve different types of pain. Anti-inflammatory analgesics reduce inflammation whereas opioid analgesics change the way the brain perceives pain.
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at what percentage by volume of carboxyhemoglobin would a normal person experience a severe headache, weakness, dizziness, confusion, vision dimness, nausea, vomiting, and collapse
A normal person would experience a severe headache, weakness, dizziness, confusion, vision obscuration, nausea, vomiting, and collapse at 30–40% (200) by volume of carboxyhemoglobin.
What is carboxyhemoglobin?Red blood cells produce carboxyhemoglobin (carboxyhaemoglobin BrE), a stable combination of carbon monoxide and haemoglobin (Hb), when exposed to carbon monoxide. The substance created when haemoglobin and carbon dioxide (carboxyl) combine to generate carbaminohemoglobin is frequently confused with carboxyhemoglobin. The recommended IUPAC nomenclature is carbonylhemoglobin. Carboxyhemoglobin terminology first appeared when carbon monoxide was known by its previous name, carbonic oxide, and developed through Germanic and British English etymological influences.
What is the treatment for elevated carboxyhemoglobin?Regardless of pulse oximetry or arterial PO2, we advise giving all suspected CO poisoning sufferers 100% normobaric oxygen as their first course of treatment (Grade 1B). (Read more about high-flow oxygen above.) In the presence of elevated COHb, HBO increases CO elimination and may inhibit DNS.
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mr. davis reported having consumed his last drink around 4 pm, and he was admitted to the facility's detoxification unit shortly thereafter. what clinical manifestations of alcohol withdrawal should the nurse expect him to demonstrate by 10 pm that night?
With regard to the alcohol withdrawal, the signs and symptoms are likely to increase in type and severity.
What are the signs of alcohol withdrawal?Alcohol withdrawal is one of the most obvious indications of alcohol dependence. Alcohol withdrawal refers to the physiological changes that occur when a person abruptly quits drinking after engaging in heavy and frequent alcohol use. The body and the brain eventually get dependent on drinking habits and frequency.
When you stop drinking suddenly, your body becomes accustomed to the effects of alcohol and needs some time to get used to life without it. Shakes, sleeplessness, nausea, and anxiety are some of the unpleasant withdrawal symptoms that are brought on by this adjustment period.
Multiple biological processes are impacted by alcohol, which causes alcohol withdrawal when trying to stop. The central nervous system is first and foremost excited and irritated by excessive drinking.
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a client has been prescribed ciprofloxacin after being diagnosed with a sinus infection. what medication should the client avoid taking concurrently with ciprofloxacin?
After being identified as having a sinus infection, a patient has been given a prescription for ciprofloxacin. The patient should refrain from taking antacids at the same time as ciprofloxacin.
What is the purpose of ciprofloxacin?Serious infections or illnesses for which other antibiotics have failed are treated with it. It is used to combat bacterial infections such pneumonia, skin, and bone infections, as well as chest infections.
Which infections is ciprofloxacin effective against?Ciprofloxacin is prescribed to treat or prevent bacterial infections such pneumonia, gonorrhea typhoid fever, infectious diarrhea, infection of the skin, bone, and joint, as well as other serious infections that are frequent in developing nations.
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a nurse is participating in the emergency care of a client who has just developed variceal bleeding. what intervention should the nurse anticipate?
The intervention anticipated by the nurse is administration of octreotide (Sandostatin) via IV (intravenous). Octreotide prevents the release of pepsin and acid thus preventing the newly created clots at the bleeding site from dissolving.
What are varices?Varices are veins that are abnormally dilated. Esophageal varices can rupture and bleed, and this type of bleeding is usually a medical emergency with a high risk of fatality.
Veins often transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart from an organ. Varices happen when a blockage or restricted veins prevent blood from exiting an organ.
What is variceal bleeding?Variceal bleeding or Variceal hemorrhage is the term used to describe bleeding from varices in the esophagus, stomach, and rectum, among other places in the gastrointestinal tract. There is a significant chance that the varices will bleed again in the future if they have already done so.
What is octreotide?Octreotide, also referred to as Sandostatin, is a synthetic (man-made) form of the hormone somatostatin. It may be prescribed to treat carcinoid syndrome when surgery is not an option, to stop the growth of some advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).
How octreotide helps in treating variceal bleeding?Octreotide considerably lowers intravascular pressure while reducing blood flow to the portal system by restricting the splanchnic arterioles. With fewer and milder systemic side effects, octreotide has been found to be at least as effective as vasopressin in the treatment of bleeding varices. Additionally, octreotide has consistently been linked to a reduced requirement for blood transfusions.
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a client has a difficulty with the ability to flex the hips. the nurse determines that the client is adapting successfully to this problem if the client demonstrates proper use of which item?
A customer finds it difficult to bend their hips flat or to elevate their head 30 degrees.
Is math a big part of nursing?The "real world" of nursing typically demands relatively fundamental math abilities, although virtually all programs demand completion of at minimum one college-level math course, typically algebra. Whether you know which nursing programs you're applying to, make careful to check to see if they also need a basic statistics course.
Which type of mathematics is utilized in nursing?Every day at work, nurses employ addition, fractions, ratios, and algebraic equations to provide the appropriate dosage of medication to patients or track changes in their health. Nursing programs frequently assess incoming students on.
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what should the nurse include when teaching a client diagnosed with grave's disease who is scheduled to receive radioactive iodine?
The nurse should provide following instructions:
Within a few days, radioactive iodine will leave the body through the urine and saliva.If you are pregnant, you cannot get radioactive iodine.The radioactive iodine will leave the body in the urine and saliva a few days after therapy. The customer shouldn't have radioactive iodine therapy if she's expecting. This type of therapy may harm the developing fetus' thyroid gland or expose it to radiation. If a woman has received radioactive iodine therapy, she should wait a year before getting pregnant.
An immune system condition called Graves' disease causes an excessive amount of thyroid hormones from thyroid gland to be produced (hyperthyroidism). Although a variety of illnesses can induce hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease is a typical culprit. The signs and symptoms of Graves' disease can vary widely since thyroid hormones have an impact on many different bodily systems.
The most typical cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves disease. The thyroid gland overproduces thyroid hormone as a result of an aberrant immune system reaction. Women over 20 are more likely to get Graves disease. However, the condition can strike at any age and can even impact males.
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when explaining what will occur during the first prenatal visit physical examination, a pregnant client asks why a papanicolaou test is being done at this time. what should the nurse respond to the client?
The nurse should guide the client who comes for the first prenatal visit about a Papanicolaou test that It finds vulvar, vaginal, and cervix cancer cells.
During a first prenatal visit, a Pap smear is collected from the endocervix to rule out the presence of a precancerous or cancerous disease of the uterine cervix, vulva, or vagina. Pregnancy dates, uterine cancer detection, and cervical cancer prognosis are not possible with a Pap smear.
The Papanicolaou test is a cervical screening technique used to find possibly malignant or precancerous processes in the colon or cervix. When abnormal results are discovered, more sensitive diagnostic techniques and, if necessary, therapies meant to stop the development of cervical cancer are frequently performed.
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the nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child who has pyelonephritis. the use of what group of antibiotics would be contraindicated due to the client’s age?
Tetracycline, a group of antibiotics will be recommended to the child suffering from pyelonephritis.
What is Tetracycline?
Tetracycline is an oral antibiotic which is used to treat bacterial infections that affect the skin, eye, lymphatic, intestinal, vaginal, and urinary systems, as well as several other infections that are spread by ticks, lice, mites, and infected animals. These infections include pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections.
What is Pyelonephritis?
Pyelonephritis is kidney inflammation that is usually brought on by a bacterial infection. The most typical symptoms are fever and discomfort in the abdomen. Other signs include vomiting, frequent urine, and a burning sensation when urinating. Pus around the kidney, sepsis or renal failure are examples of complications.
Hence, tetracycline, a group of antibiotics will be recommended to the child suffering from pyelonephritis.
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a patient asks, "what advantage does a durable power of attorney for health care have over a living will?" the nurse should reply, "a durable power of attorney for health care: a. gives your agent authority to make decisions during any illness if you are incapacitated." b. can be given only to a relative, usually the next of kin, who has your best interests at heart." c. can be used only if you have a te
The nurse should reply, a durable power of attorney for health care, gives your agent authority to make decisions during any illness if you are incapacitated
What is power of attorney for health care?
A durable power of attorney for health care is an instrument that appoints a person other than health care provider to act as an individual's agent in the event that he or she is unable to make medical decisions.
No waiting period is required for it to become effective, and individual does not have to be terminally ill or incompetent for the person appointed to act on the individual's behalf.
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a client is admitted to the nursing unit after undergoing radical prostatectomy for cancer. the nurse anticipates that which problem would be of most concern to the client in the immediate postoperative period?
In the initial postoperative phase, the client would be most worried about the results of the surgery, thus the nurse should anticipate this.
A prostatectomy is a surgical treatment used to remove the prostate whole or partially. Treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer may involve this procedure.
Making a surgical incision and removing the prostate gland is a standard surgical procedure for prostatectomy (or part of it). The retropubic or suprapubic incision (lower abdomen), or a perineum incision, can be used to achieve this (through the skin between the scrotum and the rectum).
Urologists' most popular surgical method is radical prostatectomy (doctors who specialize in diseases and surgery of the urinary tract). The doctor will also remove the lymph nodes surrounding the prostate gland if there is cause to assume the cancer has spread to those tissues. If cancer is discovered in the lymph nodes, it has spread outside of the prostate gland. In that instance, surgery might not be recommended since the cancer won't be sufficiently treated. Additional therapies could be done in this case.
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a client is diagnosed with severe combined immunodeficiency (scid). what would the nurse expect to integrate into the client's plan of care?
The nurse intends to include the client's treatment plan with regard to bone marrow transplantation preparation.
What sort of work is done by nurses?Registered nurses (RNs) direct and carry out medical procedures, assist patients' loved ones emotionally, and inform the public about various health issues. The majority of registered nurses collaborate with doctors and other healthcare providers in a variety of settings.
A nurse might be able to do the work.Numerous post-operative surgical therapeutic responsibilities fall under their purview. Surgical nurses frequently specialize in cardiac, pediatric, or obstetric surgery.
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which at-home health test is recommended to be taken at a clinic or hospital where on-site counseling is available?
It is advised to take an HIV test in a hospital or clinic rather than at home.
Why is the name "clinic"?A Greek word klinein, that means to lie down or to put a thing at an angle, is whence the term clinic gets its name. The Latin word clinicus is very similar to the one we use today. The word "clinic" originally meant "one who receives baptized on a sick bed."
What does a clinic do?Clinics often offer normal or preventive semi outpatient care. Although hospitals are able to offer outpatient care as well, they prioritize inpatient care. A clinic is where you go when you need specialized care, surgery, or if your disease is more serious and life-threatening.
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the nurse is providing education about barrier contraceptives. which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
The nurse is educating the public about barrier methods of birth control. Which of the client's statements points to the want for more education .I have a 48-hour diaphragm retention period.
What is the diaphragm's primary purpose?You can breathe in and out with the aid of the diaphragm, a muscle . This little muscle has a dome shape and is located behind your heart and lungs. It is joined to your spine, the base of your rib cage, and the sternum, a bone in the center of your chest.
Why does the diaphragm hurt?Pain that is intermittent (that is, it comes and goes) or persistent can result from trauma to the esophagus from an injury, a vehicle accident, or surgery. In extreme circumstances, damage can result in a diaphragm rupture, a hole in the muscle requiring surgery. Abdominal pain is one of the signs of a ruptured diaphragm.
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a nurse aide forgets to raise the side rails on a bed. as a result, the resident is injured from a fall. this is termed .
The caregiver forgot to raise the side rails of the bed. As a result, a resident was injured by a fall. This is called negligence
What is Medical Negligence and its signs?“Medical Negligence” means failing to provide or authorize necessary care recommended by a physician for bodily injury, illness, medical condition or disability, or for serious medical conditions affecting a healthy person in a timely and timely manner. It means not seeking proper medical care.Signs include: It looks bad and hygiene is bad. It will smell and be dirty, Hungry or no money to buy food, health and developmental issues, housing and family issues, behavior change. What does neglect do to a person?Abuse can isolate, frighten, and raise suspicion in victims, which can lead to lifelong psychological effects, including educational difficulties, low self-esteem, depression, and relationship problems. It can manifest as difficulty in forming and maintaining.
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a client is diagnosed with right-sided bell's palsy. what instructions should the nurse give this client for care at home? select all that apply.
Right-sided Bell's palsy has been identified in a customer. To care for this client at home, the nurse should follow these instructions: Apply a patch on the right eye at night, chew on the left side, and practise strict dental hygiene.
What is Bell's palsy on the right side?Bell's palsy is a disorder that causes the muscles on one side of the face to suddenly weaken. The weakness usually only lasts a few days and gets a lot better over the course of a few weeks. The weakening makes the lower portion of the face look sagging. When someone smiles one-sidedly, the affected eye struggles to close.
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a nurse is collecting a sterile urine specimen from an indwelling catheter. how will the nurse correctly obtain the specimen?
When it is necessary to collect a urine specimen from a client with an indwelling catheter, it should be obtained from the catheter itself using the special port for specimens.
What is indwelling catheter ?The procedure for inserting an indwelling urinary catheter is the same as for an intermittent catheter, except that the catheter is left in place. A balloon filled with water holds the catheter in the bladder to keep it from escaping. Foley catheters are a common name for these catheters.
In the urethra, the tube is placed. After the urine drains into a clean container, the catheter is taken out. Rarely, the medical professional may decide to take a urine sample by directly inserting a needle into the bladder through the abdominal wall and removing the urine.
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a patient complains of unrelenting back pain. resting does not help; neither do stretching and exercise. what is most likely?
A patient reports constant back pain. Stretching and exercise don't help; neither do naps. It's most likely not a musculoskeletal problem.
What are the most typical back issues that patients encounter?The following ailments are frequently related to back pain: strain on a muscle or ligament. Frequent and severe lifting or an abrupt painful movement might strain the muscles of the back and spinal ligaments. People that aren't in decent physical shape may experience uncomfortable muscle spasms as a result of ongoing back stress.
Why do you get back pain?When mechanical or structural issues arise in the back's discs, muscles, ligaments, tendons, or spine, back pain may result. Sprain: An damage to the ligaments supporting the spine, frequently brought on by inappropriate twisting or lifting. Strain: a muscular or tendon injury.
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a nurse is preparing to administer a sulfonamide to a client. the nurse is aware sulfonamides are commonly used to treat which types of infections? select all that apply.
Infections are treated with sulfonamides or sulfa medications. Colds, the flu, or other viral ailments won't be helped by them. Sulfonamides may only be purchased with a prescription from your doctor.
What category do sulfonamides fall under?An antibiotic family known as sulfonamides, or sulfa medicines, targets bacteria that cause illnesses. These medication classes are often broad-spectrum antibiotics that work against a variety of bacterial species and are used to treat a variety of bacterial illnesses.
Due to their structural similarities to para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), which is synthesised by sensitive organisms to produce folic acid, sulfonamide antibiotics interfere with folic acid production.
Patients should drink more water when using sulfonamide drugs because they increase the risk of crystalluria, which can result in kidney stones or impaired kidney function.
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which purposes of placental functioning should the nurse include in a prenatal class? select all that apply.
The nurse should discuss nutrition in the parent class as it relates to placental function.The nurse include in a prenatal class.
Why is nutrition crucial?
A nutritious diet supports normal growth, development, and aging, helps individuals maintain a healthy body weight, or lowers their chance of developing chronic diseases, all of which contribute to overall health and wellbeing.
Which two sorts of nutrients are there?
The two types of nutrients are macronutrients and micronutrients. The nutrients that body requires the most of are known as macronutrients. These supply energy to the organism (calories). The nutrients which the body need in lower amounts are referred to as micronutrients.
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the client has been taking levofloxacin iv since admission 12 hours ago for a urinary tract infection. the nurse assesses the client's temperature at 99.8ºf. what is the nurse's best response?
Without the need for a doctor's prescription, a nurse is unable to stop the medication or give additional dosages.
What is levofloxacin antibiotic used for?Descriptions Levofloxacin is prescribed to combat bacterial infections in numerous locations across the body. Infections from anthrax brought on by inhalation exposure is also treated with it. As addition to preventing and treating plague, changes over time .
What kind of antibiotic is levofloxacin?Levofloxacin belongs to the ciprofloxacin family of antibiotics. It functions by eradicating the infection-causing germs. Colds, the influenza, or other viral diseases cannot be treated with antibiotics like fluoroquinolones. Amoxicillin and Levaquin are both "strong" antibiotics that are employed to treat infections in the skin, urinary system, ear, lungs, and airways.
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the nurse is teaching a group of clients who have osteoarthritis how to protect joints. what should the nurse include?
The nurse should tell the client to maintain the recommended body weight, in order to protect joints in osteoarthritis.
What is Body Weight?
Gravitational force is quantified by body weight. If we condense this definition, Body Weight is the amount of gravitational pull that is required to maintain your weight on the planet. If your weight is higher than it should be for your health, you are considered obese or overweight. It is lower than it should be for your health if you are underweight. Your height and gender affect your healthy body weight. It also depends on your age kids.
What are joints?
When two bones come into contact, it forms a joint. Joints can be categorized histologically based on the predominant connective tissue type or functionally based on the range of motion allowed. The three joints in the body are fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial, according to histology.
Hence, the nurse should tell the client to maintain the recommended body weight, in order to protect joints.
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the client with a newly applied cast reports severe unrelenting pain. what is the nurse's best response?
the nurse's best response will be Make the client NPO and notify the health care provider.
What are the nursing interventions for fractures?maintain limb rest or bed rest as necessary. the patient on an orthopedic bed with a bed board under the mattress, Pillows or folded blankets can be used to support the fracture location. Utilize enough employees when turning, Watch and assess the splinted extremity for edema resolution.
How do you relieve pain from a fracture?Medications. Acetaminophen (Tylenol, among others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, among others), or a combination of the two, are examples of painkillers that help lessen discomfort and inflammation. Your doctor might recommend stronger painkillers if you're in excruciating pain.
What helps pain after bone surgery?Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) are frequently used by themselves to treat mild to moderate pain because they reduce swelling and discomfort. NSAIDs and opioids are frequently combined to treat moderate to severe post-operative pain. NSAIDs include substances including aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen.
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janice is a nurse on the orthopedics unit. this night, she is caring for five patients, as well as a new admission from the emergency department. while juggling patient care, she calls the on-call resident (house officer) about mrs. bernardo, who is in significant pain from a fractured hip. janice hastily writes down the morphine order from the resident and is then called away when another patient falls out of bed. an hour later, she realizes, to her dismay, that she has not yet given mrs. bernardo her pain medication. when she rushes into the room, the patient is crying and asking, "why won’t someone help me?" janice quickly administers the morphine. when discussing the event a little while later with mrs. bernardo, the most appropriate initial comment would be:
Janice is a nurse on the orthopedics unit. this night, she is caring for five patients, as well as a new admission from the emergency department.
When discussing the event a little while later with Mrs. bernardo,the most appropriate initial comment would be: "How is your pain?"
What is orthopedics unit?The term "orthopaedics" was coined by Andry by fusing the Greek terms orthos (straight) and paidion (child), as the primary goal of the field was to treat children who had musculoskeletal problems including polio and scoliosis.
What is the most common orthopedic condition?Among orthopaedic conditions, lower back discomfort is very prevalent. Almost everyone suffers from back discomfort at some point in their lives. It is usually moderate and fades away after a while. However, in rare situations, the symptoms are severe enough to necessitate medical intervention.
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mrs. ash, a client in her 50s, has told the nurse during her most recent visit to the clinic that she and her circle of friends have discontinued breast self-examination (bse) since hearing and reading that the practice is now considered ineffective. how can the nurse best respond to mrs. ash?
The nurse must say that BSE is definitely not a replacement for other screening methods, but a high percentage of breast masses are actually detected by women themselves.
What is BSE ?The act of physically and visually inspecting oneself for any changes in the breasts and underarm regions of the body is known as breast self-examination.
Breast cancer cannot be accurately detected by a BSE on its own. Every woman, at every stage of life, should perform a monthly breast self-examination (BSE) as part of their overall health care. You can perform this physical examination in the comfort of your own home. Self-examinations allow women to identify changes in their breasts on their own, making this a crucial health habit to establish.
Despite the fact that BSE does not lower the mortality rate from breast cancer, a significant portion of breast masses are found by women themselves. Mammography and clinical examinations should be combined with BSE.
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which cranial nerve would the nurse suspect is affected when a client reports buzzing int he ear for the past 5 days and a decreased ability to hear
When a client complains of buzzing in the ear for the past five days and a decline in hearing, the nurse would assume that CN VIII is affected.
What are the cranial nerves?Many cranial nerves provide electrical messages from your brain to various regions of your neck, head, and torso. These cues support your ability to move your facial muscles, taste, hear, and smell. The cranial nerves begin at the back of your brain. They are crucial to the functioning of your neural system. The longest cranial nerve is the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve controls both motor and sensory processes. It passes through many areas of your body, including your heart, throat, digestive system, and tongue.
What are the types of cranial nerves?Each of your 12 cranial nerves performs a distinct job. The number and function of the cranial nerves are classified by experts as follows:
1st Olfactory Nerve: Smell.
2-Optic nerve: Visual perception.
3-Oculomotor nerve: Eye movement and blinking capabilities.
4. Ability to shift your eyes forward and backward thanks to the fourth trochlear nerve.
5-Trigeminal nerve: Taste, facial and cheek sensations, and jaw movement.
6-Abducens nerve: Eye movement ability.
7-Facial nerve: Taste and facial expressions.
8-Auditory/vestibular nerve: Balance and sense of hearing.
9-Glossopharyngeal nerve: Taste and swallowing abilities.
10. Vagus nerve: Heart rate and digestion.
11. Shoulder and neck muscle action is caused by the 11th accessory nerve (or spinal accessory nerve).
12. Hypoglossal nerve: Tongue movement ability.
Briefing:The vestibulocochlear nerve, or CN VIII, is a component of the central auditory system. Aminoglycosides are an example of a medication that can damage CN VIII and induce hearing loss, tinnitus (an ear buzz), and vertigo. The oculomotor nerve (CN III) that supplies the iris sphincter muscle. This muscle aids in dilating the pupils. The iris dilator muscle, which is responsible for dilating the pupil, is innervated by the trigeminal nerve, or CN V. The facial nerve, also known as CN VII, controls the muscles that open and close the eyelids.
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