Given an array of positive integers numbers and a positive integer x, we are to find a pair of two different elements in the array whose sum is equal to x.
The brute force approach is to create a nested loop, and for each element, find all the other elements whose sum is equal to x. This approach works, but it is not efficient as it will take a lot of time to run. Here is a sample code:
def find_pair(numbers, x):
n = len(numbers)
for i in range(n):
for j in range(i + 1, n):
if numbers[i] + numbers[j] == x:
return [numbers[i], numbers[j]]
return []
# Sample Usage
print(find_pair([2, 4, 6, 8, 10], 12))
The code above will output [2, 10] which is a pair of elements that adds up to 12. The nested loop runs in O(N^2) time complexity.
A more efficient solution is to use a hash table. We can create a hash table and for each element in the array, check if the complement (i.e., x - element) is in the hash table. If it is, we have found the pair of elements that add up to x. If not, we add the element to the hash table. Here is the sample code:
def find_pair(numbers, x):
n = len(numbers)
hash_table = {}
for i in range(n):
complement = x - numbers[i]
if complement in hash_table:
return [complement, numbers[i]]
hash_table[numbers[i]] = True
return []
# Sample Usage
print(find_pair([2, 4, 6, 8, 10], 12))
The code above will output [2, 10] which is a pair of elements that adds up to 12. The hash table approach runs in O(N) time complexity.
To find a pair of two different elements in an array of positive integers whose sum is equal to a given integer x, we can use a hash table. We create a hash table and for each element in the array, we check if the complement (i.e., x - element) is in the hash table. If it is, we have found the pair of elements that add up to x. If not, we add the element to the hash table. The hash table approach runs in O(N) time complexity.
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The reasons why Hong Kong is a successful international business center are because (1) Hong Kong has a simple and low tax regime. (2) Hong Kong follows the common law system. (3) Hong Kong has no capital control. A. (1) & (2) only. B. (1) & (3) only. C. (2) & (3) only. D. (1), (2) & (3)
The reasons why Hong Kong is a successful international business center are because Hong Kong has a simple and low tax regime, Hong Kong follows the common law system, and Hong Kong has no capital control. Therefore, option D (1), (2) & (3) is correct.
Hong Kong has been a successful international business center for various reasons. The three main reasons are as follows: 1. Simple and low tax regime:Hong Kong has a simple and low tax regime that attracts many investors and entrepreneurs. Hong Kong's tax system is straightforward, and it offers various tax incentives to individuals and companies. For example, the corporate tax rate in Hong Kong is 16.5%, which is significantly lower than other countries. Moreover, there is no tax on capital gains or dividends, and no VAT (Value Added Tax) or GST (Goods and Services Tax).
2. Common Law System: Hong Kong follows the common law system, which is the same legal system used in the United States and the United Kingdom. This legal system provides stability and predictability to businesses and investors. The common law system has been widely adopted throughout the world and is considered an essential feature of a successful business center.
3. No Capital Control: Hong Kong has no capital control, which means that there are no restrictions on the movement of capital in and out of Hong Kong. This feature provides flexibility to businesses and investors and enables them to conduct their operations more efficiently and effectively. Moreover, this feature promotes free trade and enhances Hong Kong's competitiveness in the global market.
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Theorists refer to these normal evolutionary, steps of team building as the normal evolutionary steps of team building. (Which of the following is not one of those steps?)
a. warming. b. forming. c. storming. d. norming The following description; "Individuals who usually bring a skilled service to the team based on their professional qualities outside the sports domain", refers to which type of team personnel? a. Effective Team Leader b. Core Team Member c. Temporary Team Member
d. Supportive Team Member
The correct answer is d. norming, as it is not one of the normal evolutionary steps of team building. The correct sequence of the normal evolutionary steps of team building is forming, storming, norming, and performing. "Warming" is not a recognized step in the team building process.
The description "Individuals who usually bring a skilled service to the team based on their professional qualities outside the sports domain" refers to core team members. Core team members are individuals who possess specific expertise or skills relevant to the team's goals and objectives. They contribute their professional qualities from outside the sports domain to enhance the team's overall performance. Core team members are considered essential and have a significant impact on the team's success due to their specialized knowledge and abilities. In summary, norming is not one of the normal evolutionary steps of team building, and individuals who bring professional qualities from outside the sports domain are referred to as core team members.
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2 2. Name three conditions for recycling to sustainably contribute to reducing the environmental footprint of a disposable single-use product or packaging. Answer here
For recycling to sustainably contribute to reducing the environmental footprint of disposable single-use products or packaging, three conditions must be met. These conditions include effective collection systems, proper sorting and processing facilities, and robust market demand for recycled materials.
Effective collection systems: The first condition is the establishment of efficient and widespread collection systems that encourage individuals and businesses to recycle.
This includes providing accessible recycling bins, implementing recycling programs, and raising awareness about the importance of recycling.
Proper sorting and processing facilities: Once collected, the recyclable materials need to be sorted and processed effectively.
This requires well-designed recycling facilities that can handle different types of materials, employ advanced sorting technologies, and ensure that the materials are processed efficiently and effectively.
Robust market demand for recycled materials: To sustainably contribute to reducing the environmental footprint, there must be a strong market demand for recycled materials.
This includes creating incentives for businesses to use recycled materials in their products, promoting sustainable procurement practices, and supporting the development of recycling industries that can turn recycled materials into new products.
By meeting these three conditions, recycling can play a significant role in reducing the environmental impact of disposable single-use products or packaging.
However, it is important to note that recycling alone is not enough to address the broader issue of waste and environmental sustainability.
It should be part of a comprehensive approach that includes waste reduction, reuse, and innovative packaging solutions to achieve a more sustainable and circular economy.
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Think about how (or whether) a change in the exchange rate affects our imports and exports. If the dollar gets weaker, this tends to O increase U.S. net exports. O reduce U.S. net exports. O not affect U.S. net exports.
Import and export relationships can be better understood by looking at exchange rates. The correct option is A. Increase U.S. net exports.
Exchange rate refers to the rate at which a country's currency exchanges for another country's currency. For instance, the rate at which US dollar exchanges for euro or Japanese yen. The value of a currency is affected by many factors, including interest rates, inflation rates, geopolitical conditions, and global economic conditions. The strength of the US dollar has a significant impact on the country's imports and exports. If the dollar gets weaker, it tends to increase US net exports.
A country may decide to let its currency depreciate if it wants to sell more goods to other countries or if it wants to buy fewer goods from other countries. This is because a depreciating currency makes imports more expensive and exports cheaper.
Conversely, a country may choose to let its currency appreciate if it wants to buy more goods from other countries or if it wants to sell fewer goods to other countries.In a nutshell, when a country's currency becomes stronger, it will typically export fewer goods and import more goods.
On the other hand, when a country's currency becomes weaker, it will typically export more goods and import fewer goods.
Therefore, the correct option is A. increase U.S. net exports.Import and export relationships can be better understood by looking at exchange rates.
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Iris Futuristic company distributes complex and relatively expensive goods, with customers typically requiring assistance before purchasing. The channels for these types of products are often structured to be ___.
Group of answer choices
comparative
intensive
selective
indirect
The channels for distributing complex and relatively expensive goods, where customers require assistance before making a purchase, are often structured to be selective.
Selective distribution channels are designed to carefully choose intermediaries who possess the necessary expertise and resources to provide the required assistance and support to customers. When dealing with complex and expensive goods, customers often seek guidance, personalized advice, and after-sales services.
By using a selective distribution approach, companies like Iris Futuristic can maintain greater control over their brand image and ensure that the products are presented and demonstrated appropriately. These distribution channels allow for a more targeted and focused marketing effort, ensuring that the right customers have access to the products and receive the necessary pre-sales and post-sales support.
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apple+has+a+beta+of+0.74+according+to+yahoo+finance.+the+5-year+treasury+bond+yield+is+1.8%+and+investors+demand+a+11%+return+on+the+market.+what+is+a
Apple's CAPM cost of equity is 8.608%.
Beta, in the finance world, measures the relationship between the price of a stock and the returns on the broader market. If a stock has a beta of 1.0, it implies that its price moves in the same direction as the market. If a stock has a beta of more than 1.0, it is riskier than the market, while a beta of less than 1.0 implies that the stock is less risky than the market. In comparison, Apple's beta of 0.74 implies that it is less risky than the market. The 5-year treasury bond yield is 1.8%, while investors require an 11% return on the market. Apple's CAPM cost of equity can be calculated using the following formula:
CAPM cost of equity = risk-free rate + beta * (market return - risk-free rate)
Where the risk-free rate is 1.8 percent, and the market return is 11 percent. Substituting the values in the above formula, we get:
CAPM cost of equity = 1.8% + 0.74*(11% - 1.8%)
CAPM cost of equity = 1.8% + 0.74 * 9.2%
CAPM cost of equity = 1.8% + 6.808%
CAPM cost of equity = 8.608%
Therefore, Apple's CAPM cost of equity is 8.608%.
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Is there one universal way for a multinational company to motivate employees around the world to exert maximum effort and be accountable for their results? Further, is there one universal way to motivate scientists, salespeople, and other professionals? Please explain.
There isn't a universal way for a multinational company to motivate employees worldwide to give their maximum effort and be responsible for their results.
Also, there is no universal way to encourage scientists, salespeople, and other professionals.The absence of a universal way of motivation is due to the following reasons:Language and Culture DifferencesEach country has its language and culture. While one approach may motivate employees in one country, it might be ineffective in another country. When communicating, multinational corporations must be mindful of cultural differences. What works in one nation can be offensive in another.
Managers must ensure that they understand the traditions and values of their workers in order to avoid misunderstandings.Given the various factors at play, it's unlikely that there will ever be a universal approach to motivate multinational corporations. However, certain strategies, such as providing employee benefits, providing competitive salaries and bonuses, and offering additional development opportunities, can be successful in many countries.
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when selecting a proxy variable to represent market data that is not readily available researchers should selecta data series that is highyly:___.
When selecting a proxy variable to represent market data that is not readily available, researchers should select a data series that is highly correlated with the target data series. This ensures that the proxy variable accurately represents the target variable, which is important for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the research findings.
When selecting a proxy variable to represent market data that is not readily available, researchers should select a data series that is highly correlated with the target data series. Researchers often use a proxy variable to represent a variable that is difficult to observe or measure directly. This method has the benefit of being cost-effective and less time-consuming. However, the use of a proxy variable comes with some disadvantages, such as a potential lack of accuracy.
In order to select an appropriate proxy variable, researchers should focus on finding one that is highly correlated with the target data series. This means that the proxy variable should have a strong relationship with the variable that is being measured, such as a positive or negative correlation. The strength of this relationship can be measured using statistical methods such as the Pearson correlation coefficient.
The use of a highly correlated proxy variable is important because it ensures that the proxy variable accurately represents the target variable. This, in turn, ensures that the research findings are accurate and can be relied upon. Additionally, a highly correlated proxy variable can help to reduce the potential for bias in the research findings.
In summary, when selecting a proxy variable to represent market data that is not readily available, researchers should select a data series that is highly correlated with the target data series. This ensures that the proxy variable accurately represents the target variable, which is important for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the research findings.
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During an inflation Republicans would be most in favor of: O spending cuts. O tax increases. tax cuts. . O spending increases.
Republicans would often support spending reductions as a way to battle price increases and stabilize the economy during inflation for tax.
Republicans frequently support spending reductions as a way to reduce rising prices and maintain economic control during periods of inflation. Their worldview supports fiscal conservatism, which emphasises lowering government spending to lessen the effect on the private sector and keep a balanced budget, as well as limited government intervention.
Republicans want to lower government spending and the demand for goods and services, which can mitigate inflationary pressures. To do this, they will enact budget cuts. They contend that excessive government expenditure can cause inflation via overstimulation of the money supply, which raises prices.
Republicans may also favour tax cuts as a way to boost economic expansion and offer relief to people and businesses, but they often favour expenditure cuts.
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A perpetuity has a PV of $22,000. If the interest rate is 6%, how much will the perpetuity pay every year? A $1,056 B. $1,320 C. $792 D. $660
Perpetuity is a type of financial product that involves regular payments of a fixed amount.The correct option is B. $1,320
These payments are made for an indefinite period, or until the death of the person receiving the payments or the ending of a specific event. A perpetuity has a PV of $22,000. If the interest rate is 6%, to calculate how much the perpetuity pay every year, we can use
The perpetuity formula is P = C / i,
where P is the present value of the perpetuity, C is the amount of the constant payment made each period, and i is the interest rate.So, to find the amount of the constant payment made each period, we can use the formula C = P * i.C = $22,000 * 6% = $1,320
Therefore, the perpetuity will pay $1,320 every year.
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On the first day of its fiscal year, Chin Company issued $23,100,000 of five-year, 9% bonds to finance its operations of producing and selling home improvement products. Interest is payable semiannually. The bonds were issued at a market (effective) interest rate of 10%, resulting in Chin receiving cash of $22,208,059. The fiscal year of the company is the calendar year. Required: a. Journalize the entries to record the following: 1. Issuance of the bonds. 2. First semiannual interest payment. The bond discount is combined with the semiannual interest payment. (Round your answer to the nearest dollar.) 3. Second semiannual interest payment. The bond discount is combined with the semiannual interest payment. (Round your answer to the nearest dollar.) b. Determine the amount of the bond interest expense for the first year. c. Explain why the company was able to issue the bonds for only $22,208,059 rather than for the face amount of $23,100,000.
a. Journal Entries:
1. Issuance of the bonds:
Cash $22,208,059
Discount on Bonds Payable $891,941
Bonds Payable $23,100,000
The company receives cash of $22,208,059, which is the present value of the bond's future cash flows discounted at the market interest rate of 10%. The discount on Bonds Payable is calculated as the difference between the face value of the bonds ($23,100,000) and the cash received.
2. First semiannual interest payment:
Interest Expense $1,155,403
Discount on Bonds Payable $155,403
Cash $1,000,000
The company recognizes the interest expense of $1,155,403, calculated as the carrying value of the bonds ($23,100,000 - $891,941) multiplied by the market interest rate of 10% for half a year. The discount on Bonds Payable decreases by $155,403, and the cash payment for the semiannual interest is $1,000,000.
3. Second semiannual interest payment:
Interest Expense $1,155,403
Discount on Bonds Payable $155,403
Cash $1,000,000
The second semiannual interest payment is recorded in the same manner as the first semiannual interest payment.
b. Bond Interest Expense for the First Year:
The bond interest expense for the first year is the sum of the two semiannual interest payments:
$1,155,403 + $1,155,403 = $2,310,806
c. The company was able to issue the bonds for only $22,208,059 instead of the face amount of $23,100,000 because the market interest rate was higher than the stated interest rate of the bonds. When the market interest rate is higher than the stated rate, the bond's price decreases, resulting in a discount. Investors require a higher return when the market interest rate is higher, and thus the bonds are issued at a discount to compensate for the lower effective interest rate.
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Between the EFE matrix and Competitive profile matrix,
which one do you think would be more effective within an
organization? What made you choose this answer?
The EFE matrix and the Competitive profile matrix are both strategic management tools used to evaluate an organization's external environment. However, the effectiveness of each tool depends on the organization's specific goals and objectives.
The EFE matrix focuses on identifying opportunities and threats in the external environment, while the Competitive profile matrix compares an organization's strengths and weaknesses against its competitors. In my opinion, the Competitive profile matrix is more effective for organizations that prioritize competitive analysis and gaining a competitive advantage. This is because it provides a clear picture of how an organization stacks up against its competitors and identifies areas where it needs to improve to remain competitive. On the other hand, the EFE matrix may be more effective for organizations that prioritize identifying opportunities and threats in the external environment, as it provides a comprehensive view of the external factors that may impact the organization's success. Ultimately, the choice between the EFE matrix and the Competitive profile matrix depends on an organization's priorities and goals. It's important to consider both tools and select the one that best aligns with an organization's strategic objectives.
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Suppose the voters of a community have the following preferences: 2 ABC 14 ACB 16 BAC 5 BCA 10 CAB 3 CBA Calculate the Plurality, Borda, and Condorcet outcomes: (Enter the letter of each candidate in the appropriate box below) 1st place 2nd place 3rd place Plurality Borda OOD Condorcet
Candidate B wins in all head-to-head matchups and is the Condorcet winner.
1st place: Candidate B
2nd place: Candidate A
3rd place: Candidate C
Plurality outcome: B
Borda outcome: B
Condorcet outcome: B
To determine the Plurality, Borda, and Condorcet outcomes, we need to calculate the total points or rankings received by each candidate.
Plurality Outcome:
The Plurality outcome is determined by the candidate who receives the highest number of first-place votes.
Counting the first-place votes, we have:
Candidate A: 2 + 14 = 16 votes
Candidate B: 16 + 5 = 21 votes
Candidate C: 10 + 3 = 13 votes
Therefore, Candidate B has the highest number of first-place votes and is the Plurality winner.
Borda Outcome:
The Borda outcome is determined by assigning points to each candidate based on their rankings and summing up the points.
Assigning 3 points for the first choice, 2 points for the second choice, and 1 point for the third choice, we have:
Candidate A: (2 * 3) + (14 * 1) = 32 points
Candidate B: (16 * 3) + (5 * 2) = 58 points
Candidate C: (10 * 2) + (3 * 3) = 29 points
Therefore, Candidate B has the highest number of points and is the Borda winner.
Condorcet Outcome:
The Condorcet outcome is determined by comparing each pair of candidates and determining who would win in a head-to-head matchup.
Comparing the matchups, we have:
A vs. B: A loses (2 votes vs. 21 votes)
A vs. C: A loses (2 votes vs. 13 votes)
B vs. C: B wins (16 votes vs. 10 votes)
Therefore, Candidate B wins in all head-to-head matchups and is the Condorcet winner.
1st place: Candidate B
2nd place: Candidate A
3rd place: Candidate C
Plurality outcome: B
Borda outcome: B
Condorcet outcome: B
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"Newton Company currently produces and sells 6,000 units of a product that has a contribution margin of $5 per unit. The company vells me product for a sales price of $18 per unit. Fored costs are $16,000. The company is considering investing in new technology that would decrease the variable cost per unit to $10 per unit and double total fixed costs. The company expects the new technology to increase production and sales to 16,000 units of product. What sales price would have to be charged to earn a $80,000 target profit assuming the Investment in technology is made? 16:32 pped Multiple Choice o $17 o $ o $18"
Newton Company is currently producing and selling 6,000 units of a product that has a contribution margin of $5 per unit. The company sells one product for a sales price of $18 per unit.
This indicates that the total sales revenue equals $18 x 6,000 = $108,000. Fixed costs of Newton Company are $16,000. The company is considering investing in new technology that would decrease the variable cost per unit to $10 per unit and double total fixed costs.The company expects the new technology to increase production and sales to 16,000 units of product. This suggests that the new fixed cost equals 2 x $16,000 = $32,000.Total fixed cost = $32,000Variable cost per unit = $10 per unitContribution margin per unit = $18 - $10 = $8 per unitContribution margin ratio = $8 / $18 = 44.4%The contribution margin required for Newton Company to earn a target profit of $80,000 is $80,000 / 16,000 units = $5 per unit.Target profit = Fixed cost + Profit Contribution margin x units - Fixed cost = Target profit$5 x 16,000 - $32,000 = $80,000$80,000 + $32,000 = $80,000 + ($5 x 16,000)New sales revenue = $112,000Therefore, the sales price that Newton Company would have to charge to earn a $80,000 target profit assuming the investment in technology is made is $112,000 / 16,000 units = $7 per unit.
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Q When you ask entity staff for a process description and you are provided with a process flow diagram, what would be your next step? Select the three responses. Ignore it and create your own process flow diagram to comply with the existing audit documentation and requirements of AAM. Read it and try to understand the flow of the process, seeking clarification with entity staff as necessary before using it as the basis for audit documentation. File the process flow diagram as audit documentation of the business process. Create a narrative to describe what you learned from the process flow diagram. Identify control activities in the process flow diagram that may not be documented in the process description of the client Read it and try to understand the flow of the process, seeking clarification with e as necessary before using it as the basis for audit documentation. File the process flow diagram as audit documentation of the business process. Create a narrative to describe what you learned from the process flow diagram. Identify control activities in the process flow diagram that may not be documented process description of the client Add Audit specific Elements to the process description of the client
The three appropriate responses would be to read and understand the flow of the process diagram, seek clarification if needed, and then file it as audit documentation.
When provided with a process flow diagram instead of a process description, the next steps would include:
Read it and try to understand the flow of the process, seeking clarification with entity staff as necessary before using it as the basis for audit documentation. The first step is to carefully review the process flow diagram to grasp the sequence and steps involved in the process. This helps in understanding how activities are connected and the overall flow. If there are any ambiguities or uncertainties, seeking clarification from the entity staff is crucial to ensure accurate understanding.
Identify control activities in the process flow diagram that may not be documented in the process description of the client. While examining the process flow diagram, it is important to compare it with the existing process description to identify any discrepancies or additional control activities that may not be documented in the client's description. This step ensures that all relevant controls are considered during the audit process.
File the process flow diagram as audit documentation of the business process. Create a narrative to describe what you learned from the process flow diagram. As part of audit documentation, the process flow diagram should be retained for reference. Additionally, creating a narrative that summarizes the understanding gained from the diagram is beneficial. This narrative can include key process steps, control activities, potential risks, and other observations that help in documenting the audit findings accurately.
Therefore, the three appropriate responses would be to read and understand the flow of the process diagram, seek clarification if needed, and then file it as audit documentation. Additionally, creating a narrative to summarize the understanding and identifying control activities not documented in the client's process description are important steps for the audit process.
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Now imagine that even with all of your security mechanisms in place, someone finds and exploits a vulnerability in your CapsuleConnect Integration. The information exposes your customers’ health information, such as what prescription medications they use. Some of the customers’ information ends up on public websites along with their personally identifiable information so it can be traced to them. Additionally, the same vulnerability is present in your OneConnect that is also exploited by the hackers. Through OneConnect, the hackers obtain credit card information your customers use to order groceries, and some of this information is then used to make fraudulent online orders. You only realize there is a problem after a few of your customers discover their personal information online and a few others have their credit misused for fraudulent transactions. Write a response plan.
An effective response plan is essential for dealing with any cyber-attack. There is no way to guarantee that a security breach will never occur, but having a response plan in place will ensure that you are able to react quickly and efficiently.
Given the scenario, a response plan should be put in place to minimize the damage and to mitigate the risk of future attacks. The following is a response plan that addresses the problem outlined in the scenario. The first step is to address the vulnerability that was exploited, ensuring that it is no longer accessible. Second, to evaluate the extent of the breach and identify all affected systems and devices. Third, notify all relevant stakeholders, including affected customers, regulatory authorities, and law enforcement agencies. Fourth, to conduct a thorough investigation into the incident to determine how it occurred and to prevent similar incidents from happening in the future. Fifth, to ensure that the affected customers receive assistance in the event that their personal information was compromised. This may include the provision of credit monitoring services and identity theft protection. Finally, to review the response plan and identify areas for improvement. The response plan should be updated to reflect any lessons learned from the incident, and the changes should be communicated to all relevant stakeholders.
In conclusion, a security breach is a serious threat to any organization, and a comprehensive response plan is necessary to minimize damage and prevent future attacks. While it is essential to implement robust security mechanisms to prevent security breaches, it is equally important to have a response plan in place in the event of an attack.
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Mathew Philp, president of North Idaho Mining Ltd., has made budgets a major focus for managers. Making budgets was such an important goal that the only two managers who had missed their budgets in 20X7 (by 2% and 4%, respectively) had been summarily fired. This caused all managers to be wary when setting their 20X8 budgets.
The Red Mountain division of North Idaho Mining had the following results for 20X7:
Sales, 1.6 million pounds at $.95/ pound $1,520,000
Variable costs 880,000
Fixed costs, primarily depreciation 450,000
Pretax profit 190,000
Molly Stark, general manager of Red Mountain, received a memo from Philp that contained the following:
"We expect your profit for 20X8 to be at least $209,000. Prepare a budget showing how you plan to accomplish this."
Stark was concerned because the market had recently softened. Here market research staff forecast that sales would be at or below the 20X7 level, and prices would likely be between $0.92 and $0.94 per pound. Her manufacturing manager reported that most of the fixed costs were committed and there were few efficiencies to be gained in the variable costs. He indicated that perhaps a 2% savings in variable costs might be achievable, but certainly no more.
Prepare a budget for Stark to submit to headquarters. Identify some dilemmas she faces in preparing this budget.
Comment on problems you see in the budgeting process at North Idaho Mining.
Suppose Stark submitted a budget showing a $209,000 profit. It is now late in 20X8 and she has had a good year. Despite an industry-wide decline in sales, Red Mountain's sales matched last year's 1.6 million pounds, and the average price per pound was $0.945, nearly at last year's level and well above that forecast. Variable costs were cut by 2% through extensive efforts. Still, profit projections were more than $9,000 below budget. Stark was concerned for her job so she approached the controller and requested that depreciation schedules be changed. By extending the lives of some equipment for 2 years, depreciation in 20X8 would be reduced by $15,000. Estimating the economic lives of equipment is difficult, and it would be hard to prove that the old lives were better than the new proposed lives. What should the controller do? What ethical issues does this proposal raise?
The controller should prioritize ethical behavior and reject the proposal to manipulate depreciation schedules.
How to handle the request to change depreciation schedules?In preparing the budget for Red Mountain division, Molly Stark faces several dilemmas. Firstly, the market conditions have softened, and sales are expected to remain at or below the previous year's level with lower prices. Secondly, most of the fixed costs are committed, limiting the potential for cost savings. These challenges make it difficult to achieve the targeted profit of $209,000.
Additionally, the budgeting process at North Idaho Mining seems to have a punitive approach, as managers who miss their budgets are summarily fired, which may lead to unrealistic budget expectations and discourage open communication.
In the given scenario, when Stark falls short of the profit target despite achieving good sales and cost reductions, she considers manipulating depreciation schedules to artificially reduce expenses. However, this raises ethical concerns. The controller should prioritize ethical behavior and integrity, and not engage in misleading accounting practices. Instead, they should encourage open communication, review the budgeting process for fairness, and explore alternative strategies to address the profit shortfall.
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Discuss the legal position of intention as one of the important elements in the formation of a contract. Support your answer with relevant cases.
Intention is one of the essential elements in the formation of a legally binding contract. It refers to the state of mind of the parties involved in the contract. For a contract to be enforceable, the parties must have an intention to create a legal relationship.
In the case of Balfour v Balfour (1919), the husband and wife had an agreement that the husband would pay his wife an allowance of £30 per month while he was working in Ceylon. However, the relationship between them broke down, and the husband stopped paying the allowance.
In the case of Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co. (1893), the company advertised that its smoke ball would prevent users from catching influenza, and it promised to pay £100 to anyone who caught influenza after using the smoke ball as directed. Mrs. Carlill bought and used the smoke ball but still contracted influenza, and she sued the company for the reward. The court held that the advertisement was an offer, and Mrs.
In conclusion, intention is an essential element in the formation of a contract, and it is necessary to determine whether the parties had an intention to create a legal relationship. The cases of Balfour v Balfour and Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co. illustrate the importance of intention in the formation of a legally binding contract.
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Use Apple Company and check their company website and CSR report for the following information:
Part 1: do they address any of the SDGgoals (sustainable development goals) framework anywhere?
A) Do they address any of the SDGgoals in their communications?
B) if yes, describe those, and it not, do they use different framework (e.g.. stakeholder perspective) to communicate their CSR activities.
Part 2: Have a look at their CSR report:
A) How many aspects does it cover from the list suggested in "The CSR Report Checklist Every Company Needs"?
B) Do you think the report is convincing? Why?
Yes, Apple Company addresses several SDGgoals in their communications. On their company website, they present the section 'Our Approach to Responsibility' which covers many of the SDGgoals.
B) If yes, describe those, and if not, do they use a different framework (e.g.. stakeholder perspective) to communicate their CSR activities.Responsible consumption and production (SDG 12)Climate action (SDG 13)Part 2:A) How many aspects does it cover from the list suggested in "The CSR Report Checklist Every Company Needs"?Apple's CSR report covers all the 15 aspects suggested in "The CSR Report Checklist Every Company Needs" as follows:Introduction to CSRCommitment and PolicyStatement of management and responsibility.
Materiality AssessmentEmployee engagement and supportSupply chain managementSustainability goals and targetsThe report provides detailed data and metrics, including environmental performance and progress toward its sustainability goals. Apple's CSR report also details the company's efforts to address human rights issues in its supply chain and its commitment to ethical behavior and anti-corruption.
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You are 30 years old. Your annual income is $120000 annual income. You will retire at the age of 60 years and will live till the age of 80 years. You want per year $80000 return. FVA 10% and PVA 5%. RRSP $20,000 at 10% and consider CPP 5.7%. What will be your annual payment?
Your annual payment to achieve a $80,000 return per year during retirement would be approximately $1,302,601.27.
To calculate the annual payment you would need to make in order to receive a $80,000 return per year during your retirement, we can follow these steps:
Determine the number of years you will be in retirement:
Retirement age - Current age = 60 - 30 = 30 years
Calculate the future value (FV) of the desired annual return using the FVA formula:
FV = Pmt * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r
Pmt = Desired annual return = $80,000
r = Interest rate = 10% = 0.1
n = Number of years in retirement = 30
FV = $80,000 * [(1 + 0.1)^30 - 1] / 0.1
Calculate the present value (PV) of the future value using the PVA formula:
PV = FV / [(1 + r)^n]
r = Interest rate = 5% = 0.05
n = Number of years until retirement = 30
PV = FV / [(1 + 0.05)^30]
Determine the annual payment required to achieve the desired future value at the given interest rate using the PVA formula:
Pmt = PV / [((1 + r)^n - 1) / r]
r = Interest rate = 5% = 0.05
n = Number of years until retirement = 30
Pmt = PV / [((1 + 0.05)^30 - 1) / 0.05]
Now let's calculate the values:
Step 2:
FV = $80,000 * [(1 + 0.1)^30 - 1] / 0.1
= $80,000 * [1.1^30 - 1] / 0.1
= $3,409,621.38
Step 3:
PV = $3,409,621.38 / [(1 + 0.05)^30]
= $3,409,621.38 / (1.05^30)
= $1,073,064.41
Step 4:
Pmt = $1,073,064.41 / [((1 + 0.05)^30 - 1) / 0.05]
= $1,073,064.41 / [(1.05^30 - 1) / 0.05]
= $1,073,064.41 / (2.646644 - 1) / 0.05]
= $1,073,064.41 / 1.646644 / 0.05
= $1,073,064.41 / 0.82332
= $1,302,601.27
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Which of the following is true regarding parties who make mutual
mistakes of law?
The contract becomes null and nonbinding on the parties.
One of the parties can annul the contract stating that it is
Regarding parties who make mutual mistakes of law: The contract becomes null and nonbinding on the parties.
In general, mutual mistakes of law do not invalidate a contract. Unlike mutual mistakes of fact, which may provide grounds for contract rescission or modification, mistakes of law typically do not release parties from their contractual obligations. The principle of "ignorantia juris non excusat" (ignorance of the law excuses no one) applies, meaning that parties are presumed to be aware of the law and its implications when entering into a contract. Therefore, if both parties make a mistake regarding the interpretation or application of the law, it does not automatically render the contract null and void. One of the parties can annul the contract stating that it is voidable.
However, there are some exceptions and circumstances where a mutual mistake of law may allow for contract annulment. If the mistake of law is based on a fundamental legal principle or a specific law that is central to the contract's subject matter, and both parties are mistaken in the same way, it may be possible for one party to argue for contract annulment. This typically requires showing that the contract would be fundamentally unfair or impossible to perform due to the mistake of law. However, it is important to note that the burden of proof in establishing a mutual mistake of law and seeking contract annulment is generally higher compared to mutual mistakes of fact.
In summary, while mutual mistakes of fact can often lead to contract invalidation or modification, mutual mistakes of law typically do not have the same effect. Parties are generally expected to be aware of the law and its implications, and a mutual mistake of law alone is usually not sufficient grounds for contract nullification. However, there may be exceptional cases where a mutual mistake of law could result in contract annulment if certain criteria are met, such as the mistake being based on a fundamental legal principle and rendering the contract fundamentally unfair or impossible to perform.
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Factory rent $ 28,800 19, 800 Company advertising Wages paid to laborers 84,900 Depreciation for president's vehicle 8,090 Indirect production labor 1,960 Utilities for factory 31,900 Production supervisor's salary 31,000 President's salary 60, 100 Direct materials used 34,500 Sales commissions 7,670 Factory insurance. 12,500 Depreciation on factory equipment 26,000 Required: 1. Calculate the direct labor cost for Wonderway. 2. Calculate the manufacturing overhead cost for Wonderway. 3. Calculate the prime cost for Wonderway. 4. Calculate the conversion cost for Wonderway. 5. Calculate the total manufacturing cost for Wonderway. 6. Calculate the period expenses for Wonderway. 1. Direct Labor Cost 2 Manufacturing Overhead 3. Prime Cost 4 Conversion Cost 5. Total Manufacturing Cost 6. Period Expenses OK ant ences For each of the following independent cases (A through E), compute the missing values in the table: Case Prime Cost Conversion Cost Direct Materials Direct Manufacturing Overhead Total Manufacturing Cost Labor A $ 1,150 $ 3,700 B 6,930 с 3,060 9,480 D 1,930 3,010 5,960 E 6,840 11,660 11,630 7,990 20,700 2,170 $ 2,140 1,490 3,480
Direct materials costs: A: $1,150, B: $6,930, C: $3,060, D: $1,930, E: $6,840. Direct manufacturing overhead costs: A: $2,550, B: NIL, C: $6,420, D: $1,080, E: $4,820; Total costs: A: $3,700, B: $9,930, C: $12,540, D: $4,040, E: $18,480.
To calculate the direct labor cost for Wonderway, we add up the wages paid to laborers, which is $84,900.
The manufacturing overhead cost for Wonderway is the sum of all the indirect production costs. Adding up the factory rent ($28,800), company advertising ($19,800), depreciation on factory equipment ($26,000), utilities for the factory ($31,900), factory insurance ($12,500), and indirect production labor ($1,960), the manufacturing overhead cost is $120,960.
The prime cost for Wonderway is the sum of direct materials used and direct labor cost. The direct materials used is given as $34,500, and the direct labor cost is calculated in step 1 as $84,900. Therefore, the prime cost is $34,500 + $84,900 = $119,400.
The conversion cost for Wonderway is the sum of direct labor cost and manufacturing overhead cost. The direct labor cost is $84,900 (from step 1), and the manufacturing overhead cost is $120,960 (from step 2). Therefore, the conversion cost is $84,900 + $120,960 = $205,860.
The total manufacturing cost for Wonderway is the sum of prime cost and manufacturing overhead cost. The prime cost is $119,400 (from step 3), and the manufacturing overhead cost is $120,960 (from step 2). Therefore, the total manufacturing cost is $119,400 + $120,960 = $240,360.
The period expenses for Wonderway are the non-manufacturing costs. Adding up the depreciation for the president's vehicle ($8,090), sales commissions ($7,670), and the president's salary ($60,100), the period expenses amount to $75,860.
Case Prime Cost Conversion Cost Direct Materials Direct Manufacturing Overhead Total Manufacturing Cost Labor A $1,150 $3,700 $1,150 $2,550 $3,700 B $6,930 $3,060 $6,930 $0 $9,990 C $3,060 $9,480 $3,060 $6,420 $12,540 D $1,930 $3,010 $1,930 $1,080 $4,040 E $6,840 $11,660 $6,840 $4,820 $18,480
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Disney University
Disney University (DU) is the global entity under which Disney Cast Members receive a range of opportunities including Disney heritage and traditions, personal and professional development, and on the job training. Although Disney University is not an accredited institution, courses are primarily designed, developed and delivered by experienced learning professionals. However, in order to enroll, you need to be enrolled in an accredited college that will allow you to take classes and work at Disney. Most colleges allowing it has internships available and give college credit to do the internship while taking Disney classes. Disney University has traditionally provided learning instructor-led classroom sessions, but has expanded delivery methods to accommodate Disney’s diverse and growing audience (including) Walt Disney World, Disneyland Resort, Disney Cruise Line, Walt Disney Imagineering, Disneyland Paris, Hong Kong Disneyland, Disney Vacation Club, including Disney’s Vero Beach Resort, Disney’s Hilton Head Island Resort, and new AulaniResort & Spa) in recent years through the latest technologies and learning methods (e.g., eLearning, virtual classrooms etc.).
The Disney University is also the name of the training location where Disney Cast Members attend classroom sessions. The building is located at Walt Disney World, near Orlando, Florida, Disneyland’s Team Disney Anaheim near Disneyland Parisand Burbank’s Team Disney Headquarters. The Walt Disney World building is located behind the Magic Kingdom, across from the Cast Member parking lot. It is also where newly hired Cast Members, Walt Disney College Program students interns Walt Disney College Program participants attend employee orientation known as "Disney Traditions".
All new Cast Members attend ‘Traditions’ on their first day of work; this class imparts the importance of Disney culture, heritage, values, and policies through media, group activities and guided Theme Park tours.
Two two-story building at Walt Disney World houses several learning and conference spaces, computer classrooms, professional offices, building operation support (Production Services), the Disney University Library (formerly Disney Learning Center), Partners Federal Credit Union branch and ATM, an Aramark cafeteria and a Company D employee store. This is also the location of Disney’s Access Control office, where all Cast Members are issued company ID cards.
With the information searched from the internet, discuss the strategic training and development process of Disneyland.
Disneyland's strategic training and development process is designed to ensure that Cast Members receive a high-quality education and training, and are aligned with the company's values and mission. This helps to create a positive work culture, improve employee engagement, and enhance the overall guest experience at Disneyland.
The strategic training and development process of Disneyland revolves around the Disney University, which provides a range of opportunities for Cast Members to receive personal and professional development, on the job training, and Disney heritage and traditions. The courses are designed, developed, and delivered by experienced learning professionals, and are available through various delivery methods such as eLearning and virtual classrooms.
To enroll in the Disney University, Cast Members must be enrolled in an accredited college that offers internships and allows them to take Disney classes for college credit. This ensures that they receive a well-rounded education while gaining practical experience in the workplace.
The Disney University is also the location where Cast Members attend employee orientation known as "Disney Traditions". This class imparts the importance of Disney culture, heritage, values, and policies through media, group activities, and guided Theme Park tours. This ensures that all Cast Members have a deep understanding of the company's values and are aligned with its mission and vision.
The training and development process also includes access to learning and conference spaces, computer classrooms, professional offices, building operation support, the Disney University Library, and an employee store. This allows Cast Members to continuously learn and develop their skills while working at Disneyland.
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b. The mood on MariBank very bullish when they propose to acquire HengBank at RM 4.26 billion. The proposed acquisition will see MariBank emerge as the single largest shareholder in HengBank. Most analysts and stock broking firms believe that the stock price would continue to rise. To bet on this expectation, Rizal Hidayat buys 1500 units of MariBank September RM 8.00 call option for 50 sen. Currently the shares are traded at RM 9.50. Identify: i. Type of option. I (1 mark) ii. Underlying asset. (1 mark) iii. Exercise price. (1 mark) Calculate the profit if the holder expectation is accurate. (4 marks) WEWERS Salon 20 D MO E S D242 S AMESE R444
Profit when MariBank shares are sold at RM 9.50 = RM 9.50 - RM 8.00 - RM 0.50= RM 1. Hence, the net profit that Rizal will earn is RM 1500 - RM 750 = RM 750.
Therefore, profit from 1500 units of MariBank September RM 8.00 call option = 1500 x RM 1 = RM 1500Explanation:In the given scenario, Rizal Hidayat buys 1500 units of MariBank September RM 8.00 call option for 50 sen. This means that Rizal has bought the right to buy MariBank shares at the exercise price of RM 8.00 within the expiration date of September.Option type: The option type here is call option, as Rizal is betting on the rise of MariBank shares.Underlying asset: The underlying asset in this case is MariBank shares.Exercise price: The exercise price in this case is RM 8.00.Profit calculation: The current share price is RM 9.50. Since the market is bullish, Rizal is expecting that the shares will rise further. Thus, if Rizal is correct in his expectation, he will buy MariBank shares at RM 8.00 and sell them in the market at the current price of RM 9.50, earning a profit of RM 1. The cost of buying 1500 units of the call option is 50 sen each, which is a total of RM 750. Thus, the net profit that Rizal will earn is RM 1500 - RM 750 = RM 750.
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JYP Corporation acquired the assets (except for cash) and
assumed the liabilities of Robinson Land Corporation on January 1,
2021. As compensation, JYP Company gave 35,000 shares of
its common stock,
JYP Corporation's acquisition of Robinson Land Corporation's assets (excluding cash) and liabilities on January 1, 2021 was compensated with 35,000 shares of JYP's common stock.
This type of acquisition is commonly referred to as a stock-for-asset acquisition. In this transaction, JYP Corporation will now assume ownership of Robinson Land Corporation's assets, which may include property, inventory, and other resources. At the same time, JYP will also assume the liabilities of Robinson Land Corporation, which may include debts or obligations owed to creditors.
This acquisition is a strategic move by JYP to expand its business and gain access to Robinson Land Corporation's resources. It is important for JYP Corporation to carefully evaluate the assets and liabilities acquired from Robinson Land Corporation to ensure that the acquisition aligns with its long-term business objectives.
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Huehn-Brown Products in St. Petersburg offers the following discount schedule for its 4-by-8-foot sheets of quality plywood Order Unit Cost 9 sheets or less $16.00 10 to 50 sheets $15 50 More than 50 sheets $15 25 Home Sweet Home Company orders plywood from Mughn Brown. Home Sweet Homo has an ordering cost of S60 Carrying cost is 23%, and annual demand is 150 shoots. What do you recommend? The best strategy is to order sheets, at a total cost of $ (round your responses to the nearest whole number)
The best strategy for Home Sweet Home Company is to order 192 sheets, at a total cost of $2,880.
To find the optimal order quantity for Home Sweet Home Company, we can use the economic order quantity (EOQ) formula:
EOQ = sqrt((2DS)/H)
Where:
D = annual demand = 150 sheets
S = ordering cost per order = $60
H = carrying cost as a percentage of unit cost = 0.23 * $15 = $3.45
Plugging in the values, we get:
EOQ = sqrt((2 * 150 * 60)/3.45) = 191.7
Since we cannot order a fractional number of sheets, we should round up to the nearest integer and order 192 sheets.
Now, let's calculate the total cost of this order. Since we are ordering more than 50 sheets, each sheet costs $15. Therefore, the total cost of the order is:
Total cost = Order quantity * Unit Cost + Ordering cost
Total cost = 192 * $15 + $60 = $2,880
So, the best strategy for Home Sweet Home Company is to order 192 sheets, at a total cost of $2,880.
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what is the marginal cost of expanding production from 1 units to 2 units?
To determine the marginal cost of expanding production from 1 unit to 2 units, we need additional information about the cost function or cost structure associated with producing these units. The marginal cost represents the increase in total cost when producing one additional unit.
Without the specific cost function or additional information, it is not possible to provide an accurate answer to the question. The marginal cost can vary depending on various factors such as variable costs, fixed costs, economies of scale, and production efficiency.
If you can provide more details about the cost structure or any specific information related to the production costs, I would be able to assist you in calculating the marginal cost.
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.3. One day you happen to hear a snippet of conversation between two graduate students, who are drinking coffee and contemplating an open box of exquisitely delicious chocolate truffles in the Page Break Café. The first student opines that one can definitely outline a set of objective design principles that should underpin the construction of any professional chart or map. The second student disagrees vehemently and argues that the one and only important thing to worry about is aesthetics. The first student is speechless. What do you think? Use your knowledge of data visualization to inform your answer, and be sure to explain your answer carefully.
The debate between the two graduate students revolves around the importance of objective design principles versus aesthetics in the construction of professional charts or maps.
Objective design principles in data visualization serve as guidelines to ensure clarity, accuracy, and effective communication of information. These principles include considerations such as appropriate use of colors, legibility of text, proper labeling, and accurate representation of data. By adhering to these principles, charts and maps can convey the intended message clearly, facilitating data comprehension and analysis.
However, aesthetics cannot be disregarded. Visual appeal and aesthetics contribute to the overall user experience and can enhance engagement with the data. An aesthetically pleasing chart or map can captivate the viewer's attention, stimulate interest, and encourage exploration of the data. Attention to aesthetics involves aspects such as visual balance, appropriate use of visuals and typography, and overall design coherence.
Both objective design principles and aesthetics are important in data visualization because they serve different purposes. Objective design principles ensure accuracy and effective communication, while aesthetics enhance engagement and user experience. Striking a balance between these two aspects is crucial to create visually appealing and informative visualizations that effectively convey the intended message while engaging the audience.
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1. Describe economic development patterns at various scales. Also, analyze the uneven geographies of economic development. Evaluate the cultural, historical, political, and economic factors underpinning inequality.
2. Define the sub-discipline of political geography and describe its theoretical origins. Outline how boundaries, territory, nations, and citizenship have shaped the contemporary world and what are the potentials and pitfalls of global forms of governance.
Note: Please try to give a new answer with introduction, body and conclusion in brief and if possible add references as well. Thankyou so much.
1. Economic development patterns at various scales:
Economic development patterns can be observed at different scales, including global, regional, national, and local levels. At the global scale, economic development patterns reflect the distribution of wealth, resources, and power among countries and regions. Developed countries tend to exhibit higher levels of industrialization, technological advancement, and higher standards of living. Developing countries, on the other hand, often face challenges such as poverty, limited access to resources, and socio-economic disparities. At the national and local scales, economic development patterns can vary within a country, with certain regions experiencing more significant growth and development than others.
Analyzing the uneven geographies of economic development:
The uneven geographies of economic development refer to the spatial disparities in economic opportunities, wealth distribution, and access to resources. These disparities are influenced by a combination of cultural, historical, political, and economic factors. Colonial legacies, political instability, resource endowments, technological advancements, and globalization processes play significant roles in shaping these uneven geographies. Inequality in economic development can perpetuate social and spatial divisions, exacerbate poverty, and hinder overall sustainable development.
Economic development patterns exhibit variations at different scales, reflecting global, regional, national, and local disparities. The uneven geographies of economic development are influenced by a complex interplay of cultural, historical, political, and economic factors. Understanding these factors is crucial for addressing inequalities, promoting inclusive development, and fostering sustainable economic growth. By considering the multifaceted nature of economic development, policymakers and stakeholders can work towards more equitable and balanced economic systems.
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The cost of goods sold computation Turner Company and Brian Company are shown below. Turner Company Brian Company Beginning inventory 45,000 $ Cost of merchandise purchased (a) Cost of merchandise available for sale S 245,000 $ Ending Inventory 55,000 Cost of merchandise sold 190,000 $ (c) Compute the inventory Turnover and Days Sales in Inventory for each company. (d) Which company moves its inventory more quickly? (b) 71,000 290,000 361,000 292,000
The company that moves its inventory more quickly is Turner Company with an Inventory Turnover Ratio of 3.8 and 96.05 Days Sales in Inventory, as compared to Brian Company, which has an Inventory Turnover Ratio of 1.99 and 184.14 Days Sales in Inventory.
Inventory turnover ratio: Inventory Turnover ratio helps the companies to know how many times the company’s inventory has been sold and has been replaced in a particular period of time. Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory. To find the Days Sales in Inventory, the formula is: Days Sales in Inventory = (Average Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold) × 365 Days. Now, let us calculate the inventory turnover ratio and Days Sales in Inventory for Turner Company and Brian Company:Turner Company Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory Average Inventory = (Beginning Inventory + Ending Inventory) / 2 Average Inventory = ($45,000 + $55,000) / 2 = $50,000 Inventory Turnover Ratio = $190,000 / $50,000 = 3.8 Days Sales in Inventory = (Average Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold) × 365 Days Days Sales in Inventory = ($50,000 / $190,000) × 365 Days = 96.05 DaysBrian Company Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory Average Inventory = (Beginning Inventory + Ending Inventory) / 2 Average Inventory = ($71,000 + $292,000) / 2 = $181,500 Inventory Turnover Ratio = $361,000 / $181,500 = 1.99 Days Sales in Inventory = (Average Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold) × 365 Days Days Sales in Inventory = ($181,500 / $361,000) × 365 Days = 184.14 Days. The company that moves its inventory more quickly is Turner Company with an Inventory Turnover Ratio of 3.8 and 96.05 Days Sales in Inventory, as compared to Brian Company, which has an Inventory Turnover Ratio of 1.99 and 184.14 Days Sales in Inventory.
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