On November 5, 1940 Franklin D. Roosevelt broke a long-held precedent—one that started with George Washington—when he became the first president elected to a third term. Roosevelt would go on to vie for, and win, yet a fourth term, taking office again on January 20, 1945.
FDR was the first, and last, president to win more than two consecutive presidential elections and his exclusive four terms were in part a consequence of timing. His election for a third term took place as the United States remained in the throes of the Great Depression and World War II had just begun. While multiple presidents had sought third terms before, the instability of the times allowed FDR to make a strong case for stability.
“You have economic-domestic issues and you have foreign policy with the outbreak of World War II in 1939,” says Barbara Perry, professor and director of presidential studies at the University of Virginia’s Miller Center. “And then you have his own political viability—he had won the 1936 election with more than two-thirds of the popular vote.”
Eventually U.S. lawmakers pushed back, arguing that term limits were necessary to keep abuse of power in check. Two years after FDR’s death, Congress passed the 22nd Amendment, limiting presidents to two terms. Then amendment was then ratified in 1951.
At the time of FDR’s third presidential run, however, “There was nothing but precedent standing in his way,” says Perry. “But, still, precedent, especially as it relates to the presidency, can be pretty powerful.”
Other U.S. Presidents Who Tried and Failed to Win a Consecutive Third Term
According to the National Constitution Center, most of the framers of the Constitution were against term limits, and, although amendments seeking to enforce them were proposed some 200 times between 1796 and 1940 without being adopted, most two-term presidents followed Washington’s precedent in not seeking reelection for a third time.
Still, some had tried. Ulysses S. Grant lost a third campaign in 1880, when James Garfield clinched the Republican nomination. Theodore Roosevelt lost his bid at a third nonconsecutive term in 1912 to William Howard Taft (he had previously served out the remainder of President William McKinley's term and then won reelection). And Woodrow Wilson lost the Democratic nomination in 1920. Harry Truman, who succeeded FDR after his death, was president when the 22nd Amendment passed and so was exempt from the new rule. Truman campaigned for a third term in 1952, but withdrew after losing in the New Hampshire primary.
Roosevelt’s campaign for a third term took place as the United States had not yet entered World War II, and the president was still trying to hold the line in an isolationist pattern.
“He was trying to guide us along to try to keep Britain afloat with things like lend-lease,” Perry says. “That obviously was preying on his mind and he didn’t think that the U.S. should ‘change horses in midstream’ as this war was building towards what he knew would eventually be our full-fledged intervention in both the European and Pacific theaters.”
Roosevelt’s defeat of Republican challenger Governor Alf Landon of Kansas was a rout—the fourth-largest electoral vote margin ever. His 1940 win against Republican businessman Wendell Willkie wasn’t quite as impressive, but he still won 55 percent of the popular vote, and took the electoral vote 449 to 82.
Republicans Led the Drive for Presidential Term Limits
This photograph of Franklin D. Roosevelt seated at his desk was the last color image of him before the announcement of his death.
Bettmann Archive/Getty Images
Of course, not everyone was on Roosevelt’s side. The National Constitution Center notes that his decision to run for a third term resulted in key Democratic supporters and advisors leaving his campaign.
Some political buttons from the time read “FDR Out at Third,” and Perry notes that despite his popularity, one-third of Americans, particularly business people and those with means, still voted against him. They argued he was taking America down the road of socialism.
“Famously, there were people who would refuse to speak of him by name and would call him ‘That Man,’” Perry says. “But he knew the popular vote and the electoral vote were on his side. He wanted to see us through the two greatest catastrophes of the 20th century and he succeeded.”
Term Limits Were Set to Guard Against Tyrannical Rule
In 1944, according to the National Constitution Center, term-limit talk again came into focus. Republicans were at the forefront of the movement, though many Democrats agreed with the eight-year precedent set by Washington to guard against tyrannical rule.
“Four terms or 16 years is the most dangerous threat to our freedom ever proposed,” Thomas Dewey, Roosevelt’s Republican opponent, said in a 1944 speech.
When the United States entered WWI, which side did they fight with?
Allies.
Central Powers.
O The United States remain neutral for the entire war.
O The Axis powers.
What did the federal government do in an effort to resolve conflicts with the frontier
settlers and Indians in the 1870s?
Answer:
In an effort to resolve conflicts with the frontier settlers in the 1870s, the federal government forced Native American Indians to ? live on reservation with definite boundaries. ... circumstances that pushed immigrants from their native countries to the United States.
Explanation:
https://quizlet.com/319589679/us-history-test-flash-cards/#:~:text=this%20set%20(40)-,In%20an%20effort%20to%20resolve%20conflicts%20with%20the%20frontier%20settlers,on%20reservation%20with%20definite%20boundaries.&text=circumstances%20that%20pushed%20immigrants%20from%20their%20native%20countries%20to%20the%20United%20States.
what attitudes and
beliefs drove the Nazis' actions during the Holocaust?
Answer:
ooooooo this is a good one
they believed that they were cleaning the earth of it's pollution... being the jews... the majority of the Nazis were decent people but if they disobeyed the orders of hitler they and their families would be most likely killed. this they followed orders. this is a perfect example of the saying, "War is hell"
Describe the part Germany played in increasing European militarism?
Answer:
Describe the part played by Germany in increasing European militarism. Because Germany and France had doubled their army, other countries began to race to get bigger and stronger armies. Germany and Britain started to compete for mastery of the seas. If Russia attacked Germany, they would attack France through Belgium.
Explanation:
explain the impact that European rule had in India and China
Answer:
The most devastating impact colonialism had on 19th and early 20th century China was on the Qing state. ... The victorious western powers imposed a series of unequal treaties on the Qing government creating treaty ports as safe heavens for foreigners challenging the ultimate sovereignty of the Chinese state.
Explanation:
You can pretty much say this for most cultures the euros take over (sorry if ur white), the Europeans took away the native culture and the people's rights. they also stole rights and land from the natives for the European's own personal gain. so the Euros were pretty much tyrants. put that rant into coherent speech please
Which option led to the start of World War I? *
O A declining spirit of nationalism within European countries
O Imperialistic efforts by European countries
O Agreement to decrease the size of military
O Refusal to form alliances with other countries
Answer:
A or B.
Explanation:
The cause of World War 1 is still being debated today. The ones that are most popular, and with the most amount of compelling evidence to back it up, are choices A and B. Most accounts that were created were exaggerated, or just told half of the story, (because no one side is perfect and the other barbarians,) but we do know that it took place in Europe. The one sure-fire thing we know about World War 1 is that it started originally from threats, a royal family, and a grandiose murder. A-thank you, a-thank you very much (my best Elvis impression over the keyboard... oof)
How would you explain the emphasis that farmers' political representatives placed onfederal fiscal policy?
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although you did not include a further reference on the date or historical context, neither options, we can comment on the following.
How would you explain the emphasis that farmers' political representatives placed on federal fiscal policy?
One of the contexts that probably you are referring to is what happened with the fiscal policy to help farmers after World War I. The federal government of the United States applied a fiscal policy of agriculture subsidy to help American Farmers to produce their crops. This fiscal policy was aimed to help US agriculture to gain momentum after a financial crisis, trying to help farmers to increase their income.
US Congress tried to help American Agriculture creating anti-trust legislation with laws such as the Packers and Stockyard Act of 1921.
Please help !!! Numbers 1-13 ALL PLEASE ILL GIVE THE BRAINIEST!!
What concept is rooted in the phrase "We the people…" as found in the Constitution? Equality justice self-government independence
Answer:
self-government
Explanation:
The concept that is rooted in the phrase "We the people…" as found in the Constitution is known as "SELF-GOVERNMENT."
This is based on the belief and perception that the phrase, "We the People" affirmed that the power of government is derived from the people rather than looking towards the crown for decision.
Hence, in this case, the correct answer to the question is, Self-Government
What did General Washington plan to do after the end of the American Revolution?
run for President of the United States
become a member of Congress
continue leading the army
retire to his plantation
Answer:
I believe it is C) continue leading the army
PLS HELP I SUCK AT HISTORY
which of the following determines how much farmland a Sumerian city state controlled?
O the size of its settlements
O the strength of its military
O the number of farmers in society
O the number of merchants in society
Answer:
c
Explanation:
have I good day every body
Which of the following did NOT occur in the event known as the "Boston Massacre?" A. A colonist threw a snowball at the British soldiers. B. The British soldiers opened fire on the colonists. C. Five colonists were killed. D. The British troops surrendered to colonial authority.
Answer: D
The British Troops Surrended To Colonian Authority
Explanation:
The event that did not occur in the event known as Boston Massacre is when the British troops surrendered to colonial authority. The correct option is d.
What is the Boston Massacre?The Boston Massacre was a confrontation in Boston on March 5, 1770, in which a group of nine British soldiers shot five people out of a crowd of three or four hundred who were harassing them verbally and throwing various projectiles. The event was heavily publicized as a massacre by leading Patriots such as Paul Revere and Samuel Adams. British troops had been stationed in the Province of Massachusetts Bay since 1768 to support crown-appointed officials and to enforce unpopular Parliamentary legislation.
Amid tense relations between the civilians and the soldiers, a mob formed around a British sentry and verbally abused him. He was eventually supported by seven additional soldiers, led by Captain Thomas Preston, who was hit by clubs, stones, and snowballs. Eventually, one soldier fired, prompting the others to fire without an order from Preston.
The gunfire instantly killed three people and wounded eight others, two of whom later died of their wounds.
Learn more about Massacre, here:
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What ASAP means pls I don’t no that’s mean "
Answer:
As Soon AS POSSIBLE
Explanation:
Answer:
ASAP means as soon as possible
Thank you
May you God bless
May you dream come true
helppp please
Which of the following is a definition of the Progressive Era?
A. a period in which some got rich while others stayed poor
B. a time of new laws designed to create a more equal society
C. a time of industrialization and urbanization in America
D. all of the above
Answer:
B. a time of new laws designed to create a more equal society
Explanation:
Answer:
The Progressive Era (1896–1916) was a period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States of America that spanned the 1890s to the 1920s. ... Social reformers were primarily middle-class citizens who targeted political machines and their bosses.
Why did ancient civilizations create gods
Answer:
the first to broach the idea of human beings having created gods were a number of old testament jewish prophets from the eighth century BC onwards. why has their role here been overlooked? perhaps it is because it was assumed that a serious critique of religion could only arise from outside a religious perspective.
Explanation:
im not entirely sure but i did some research and this is what i came up with i hope it helps :)
Answer:Well its not ancient civilizations created gods, its that they believed in them. From their perspective, bad things happen because they upset the "gods" or good things happen because they are being righteous. They believed they saw gods and heck theres even constellations that further helped them create other gods. So its more of a matter of opinion, but from what i can tell, I think that they didnt create them, more of had evidence to believe that these gods were real.
Explanation:
A political pull factor that draws people to move to a certain locations is ?
Answer:
safety and security.
Explanation:
Answer: Safety and Security
Explanation:Right on edge
Which of the following was a cause of the Peloponnesian War?
resentment among other Greek city-states of Athens' growing power and influence in the region
the ongoing tension between King Leonidas of Sparta and Xerxes following the end of the Persian War
the increased rivalry between Sparta and Persia after the defeat of the Persians in the Persian War
the Persians under King Darius I continued to invade the Greek city-states after the Persian War
Answer:
its b
Explanation:
Name three types of art the came from the Harlem Renaissance?
What was the type of music that is most commonly associated
with the Harlem Renaissance?
Name two famous Harlem Renaissance musicians.
Answer:
3 types of art: Poems, Music, Art
Music that was associated: Jazz
2 famous musicians: Langston huges and Duke Ellington
How did the events of the Alamo change the outcome of the Texas Revolution?
Santa Anna became an increasingly worried about future battles
the death of all the defenders became a rallying cry for the next conflict
Sam Houston resigned as commander of the Texas forces
Texas forces refused to fight for control of a small cannon
Answer:
B i think tell me if I'm right
Explanation: none lol
Answer:
the death of all the defenders became a rallying cry for the next conflict
Explanation:
During the Texas revolution, the Mexican military's brutally massacred Texas civilizations that resided in Alamo. Many of them were not involved directly in the war.
This became a fuel for the Texans to rise up against the Mexican military. Many more people start to volunteer to The Texans revolutionary groups and massively increase the The power of Revolutionary army. This what cause the Texans finally managed to beat the Mexican troops in the following battlers
HELP PLEASE DUE RIGHT NOW AND IM CONFUSED PLEASE URGENTLY
Answer:
C
Explanation:
bdcjdcvjds
Which statement best summarizes the role of the natural environment in the agriculture of a region?
B.The natural environment is irrelevant in the face of technological innovations.
C.The natural environment is a limiting factor on the production of food in most regions.
D.The natural environment determines food production in a region only up to the advent of agriculture.
E.The natural environment interacts with agricultural practices to determine what can be produced.
Answer:
E.The natural environment interacts with agricultural practices to determine what can be produced.
Explanation:
technology is used to increase the amount/variety of crops, but the natural environment can still affect this process
Question 2 of 10
Slave owners discouraged their slaves from creative expression because:
A. slave masters wanted to erase the slaves' cultural identity.
B. they had little time for recreation.
C. there were no resources to purchase African instruments.
D. drumming was too noisy for the slave master's family.
SUBMIT
Answer:
It's A.
Explanation:
Trust me I spelled It's like that and not like this -- its
Slave owners discouraged their slaves from creative expression because slave masters wanted to erase the slaves' cultural identity.
Why did Slave owners discourage their slaves from creative expression?There are many reasons that slave owners may have discouraged their slaves from creative expression, but the most prevalent reason behind it would most likely be the possibility of sparking a revolt. When people are given time to express themselves, especially when in an oppressed role like those in slavery, it provides one with the opportunity to plan revolts or plan to escape. When allowed to be creative, your mind wanders. If one was stuck in slavery and was then given the freedom to think and be creative, they would begin to realize exactly how bad their situation is and will start to thinking of escape and they might start a revolt.Also slave owners discouraged slaves from creative expression to erase their cultural identity.To learn more about slavery, refer to: https://brainly.com/question/14660362
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the lifestyle of mil girls in the 19th century
Answer:
Mill folk lived close to the bone. In the 1910s kerosene lamps lit a majority of their houses, and open fireplaces provided heat. Families drew their water from wells or hydrants shared with neighbors, and almost all households had outdoor toilets rather than indoor plumbing. Village houses were very small.
Explanation:
Answer:
They first came from small farming towns to make a more lucrative living in places such as Lowell, Massachusetts, the center of the textile industry following initial mill construction in 1821. Later in the nineteenth century, women from Europe and Canada arrived in New England’s industrial towns, seeking what mill owners touted as a balanced life of work and leisure. These “mill girls,” as they came to be known, produced valuable cloth in massive quantity, and what they received in return was something of a double-edged sword. Though Lowell may be seen as the hub for mill girl culture and activism, the mill girls could be found across the mid-Atlantic and New England regions, where mills producing an enormous variety of product (cotton, wool, silk, canned goods, iron, etc.) sought a cheap and eager workforce.
Explanation:
hope dis helps :D
Which precedent was established by the Supreme Court ruling in Marbury v. Madison?
Federal courts determine the constitutionality of a law.
State governments lack the authority to regulate federal bureaus.
State courts lack the authority to hear cases challenging a federal law.
The federal government has the power to regulate trade among the states.
Answer:
Federal courts determine the constitutionality of a law.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
a.
Approximately 3,000 Texans left the state to fight for the Union.
b.
Men who owned more than 15 slaves were exempt from the Conscription Act.
c.
Approximately 60,000 Texans served in the Confederate Army.
d.
The Conscription Act was instituted in 1862 by Jefferson Davis.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D
Answer:
A is the best answer
Explanation:
Why might Obama have quoted the Constitution at the beginning of his speech?
Answer:
"Obama highlighted the tension between the ideals of equal citizenship and freedom expressed in the Constitution and America's history of slavery, and connected the American Civil War and civil rights movement with the goals of his own campaign, "to continue the long march of those who came before us, a march for a more just, more equal, more free, more caring and more prosperous America."
Explanation:
Brainliest?
What philosopher disagreed with "the people should have the right to say whatever they want when they want."
Answer: Hobbes
Explanation:
During the presidency of _________, the president and the vice president were from different political parties.
James Madison
Thomas Jefferson
George Washington
John Adams
Answer:
John Adams
Explanation:
During the presidency of JOHN ADAMS, the president and the vice president were from different political parties.
This is evident in the fact that John Adams, who won the Presidency was from Federalist with a total popular vote of 35,726, equating to 53.4%, and electoral votes of 71.
While Thomas Jefferson on the other hand was from the Democratic-Republican party and had a total popular vote of 31,115 equating to 46.6% and electoral votes of 68, became the Vice President of the United States.
_____ was an ancient port in northern erhiopia
How have “public shaming” and “cancel culture” changed since their inception?
Answer:
it is so bad
Explanation:
body shaming should be taken as a concerned matter .