Why aren't there many large carnivores?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Technically, the largest ever marine predator known thus far - the blue whale - is, for now, alive and well, but I know what you mean. You’re not talking about filter-feeders, or fish-eaters, you mean macropredators.

The last truly enormous macropredator in our oceans was probably Carcharocles megalodon, which went extinct about 3.6 million years ago. Other recent examples include the terrifying sperm whale Livyatan melvillei (which disappeared 8.9 mya) and other megatoothed sharks like C. chubutensis.

So, why did the giants go away? The answer, in truth, is likely multi-faceted. Here are some major promising hypotheses, or at least contributing factors:

Whales have declined. Giant sea carnivores like C. megalodon and Livyatan relied on marine mammals - specifically baleen whales. During the Pliocene, the Americas connected and the Central American Seaway was closed. This seems to have triggered a significant decline in the diversity of tropical whales, and would thus limit food availability for huge, energy-hungry predators.

Things got too cold. The extinction of megalodon and other giant ocean predators roughly coincides with the trend of decreasing temperatures the Pliocene brought. Giant sharks in particular, not being fully warm-blooded, would suffer from this, and it would also mean a decline in food supply. You can even see a sudden cold snap just about when Carcharocles went extinct, 3.6 mya.

Smaller predators outcompeted them. The niche of Carcharocles and the macroraptorial sperm whales is arguably still filled today - by the killer whale. Many orca pods specialize in hunting whales or other marine mammals. However, killer whales and their ancestors were perhaps more opportunistic, fast, intelligent and indeed adaptable than the massive, solitary hunters.

Ironically, the largest ever marine predator owes its existence to the demise of the largest ever marine macropredators. Since the extinction of macroraptorial sperm whales and Carcharocles megalodon, baleen whales have been gradually increasing in size, for they no longer need to be as fast and agile. Because of this, we have the privilege of sharing our world with the largest animal known to have ever lived - the blue whale.


Related Questions


Which of the two parts of the light microscope magnify image of an object?​

Answers

Answer:

eye piece lense

objective lens

The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the formation of chromatids is
___

Answers

Answer:

The phase of mitosis where chromatids are formed is Metaphase

in drosophila melanogaster, the common fruit fly, curved wings "I" and purple eyes "r" are two linked recessive genes found on chromosomes 2. The dominant wild type alleles for those genes are long wings"L" and red eyes "R"
a)describe the expected ratio of offspring in the f2 generation of these genes were located on different chromosomes
b)the results in the f2 generation of these flies were: 40 long winged, red eyes; 40 curved winged, red eyes; 10 long winged, purple eyes, and 10 curved winged, red eyed. how many map units apart are the genes for curved wings and purple eye color?

Answers

Answer:

the other person is right, he had messed up before saying that 60 x 40 = 100, but 60 + 40 = 100. Then I had told him that his answer was wrong and that he should put the answer as 240 instead since 60 x 40 = 240 and not 100.

Explanation:

The expected ratio of offspring in the f2 generation of these genes were located on different chromosomes is 25%

What are chromosomes?

A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. In most chromosomes the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells the most important of these proteins are the histones.

Chromosomes allow DNA to be accurately copied during these cell divisions. So one more time. Chromosomes are found in the nuclei of our cells and allow DNA to be accurately copied during cell division.

Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

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DeShawn wants to conduct a scientific study on how land-clearing in his city may have affected the quality of the water. Which source of information would be most valuable to his research? A. a survey given to the people of the city ten years ago on the possible effects of land-clearing on water B. the opinion of a neighbor who has some knowledge on how to test city water for impurities C. a recent city government report with data regarding how clean the water supply is D. a recent political article stating that the water of the city should be filtered and cleaned Reset Next Question

Answers

Answer: i think that the answer is C

Explanation:

The source of the information that should be most valuable to the research should be option C.

What is research?

It means that the development of the new knowledge should be done or there is the usage of the existing knowledge for generating the new conceptsm methods, and understanding. It involved the synthesis and the analysis of last research for resulting the new or the creative outcomes.

So based on this, the option c should be correct.

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What evidence do we have that all continents were merged into one super-continent called Pangaea 250 million years ago?

Answers

Glacial deposits, specifically till, of the same age and structure are found on many separate continents that would have been together in the continent of Pangaea. Fossil evidence for Pangaea includes the presence of similar and identical species on continents that are now great distances apart.

What is the central dogma, essential truth, of biology?

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - C.

Explanation:

The central dogma the two-process system that is an essential truth of biology as it is the basis of complete living organisms. It is a particular pattern of information that takes place in our cells by the process known as transcription and translation.

During Transcription DNA forms the basis of RNA and then in translation, the sequence of RNA forms the amino acids and the proteins are forms by these amino acids. Proteins is the structural part of the living organism.

-2 In a pasture ecosystem a large portion of the biomass is represented
pasture vegetation compared to animals that feed on these grasses.
illustrated by such a pasture ecosystem is called alan...
A food chain.
B food web.
с ecological pyramid.
D energy flow.​

Answers

a

Explanation:

im not really sure about the answer i chosed but maybe yes

Oompah’s with type O blood receive a tax break. ophine oompah has type a blood, but he wants a wife that will give him children with type o. what blood type should he request on his dating survey? what must Opine’s blood type be in order to produce offspring with type O blood?

Answers

Answer:

He should request type O on his dating survey.

Opine's blood type must be AO to have a higher probability of producing O offsprings.

Explanation:

O blood type is recessive so, when it is paired with another blood type like B or A, these would be dominant, giving B and A blood, respectively.

O blood type results are possible thanks to OO genotypes.

If the man's blood type is A, to have a higher chance of producing OO offsprings, his blood should be AO. The other possibility is that he has AA blood, which will result in a low probability of OO offsprings.

As regards the mother, her blood type should be OO.

We can see this more clearly in Punnet Square.

║ A ║O

O║AO║OO

O║AO║OO  

There is a 50% of probability of having O offsprings with AO and OO.

  ║ A ║A

O║AO║AO

O║AO║AO

With AA and OO, the probability is 0%

 ║ A ║O

A║AA║AO

O║AO║OO

With both parents having AO, blood the probability of having a OO offspring is 25%.

In conclusion, the higher chances of producing a OO offspring is if the parents are AO and OO.

In cats, the gene for Calico (multicolored) cats is an x-linked trait that is
CODOMINANT. Females that receive a "B" and an "R" gene have black and orange
splotches on white coats. Males can only be black or orange, but never calico.
A female calico's genotype is XBXR
Cross a female calico cat with a black male. (Complete a Punnett square)
What are the results of the cross?
25% Black and male, 0% Calico Male, 25% Calico female
50% Black and male, 50% Calico female.
50% Orange and male, 50% Female Black

Answers

Answer:

Considering the whole progeny (100%), there will be

25% Black male kittens, XBY0% Calico Male kittens25% Calico female kittens, XBXR

Explanation:

Available data:

The gene for Calico (multicolored) cats is an x-linked trait and codominantCalico Females receive a "B" and an "R" gene, and have black and orange splotches on white coats. Their genotype is XBXR.Males can only be black or orange, but never calico. Their genotype is XBY and XRY

Cross: a female calico cat with a black male

Parentals)   XBXR    x    XBY

Gametes)  XB  XR       XB   Y

Punnett square)    XB        XR

                   XB   XBXB   XBXR

                    Y      XBY      XRY  

F1) Among the whole progeny:

    2/4 = 50%  will be black (female XBXB and male XBY)     1/4  = 25% will be Calico (female XBXR)     1/4  = 25% will be Orange (male XRY)  

   Among females:

   1/2 = 50% of females will be black, XBXB    1/2 = 50% of females will be Calico, XBXR

   Among males:

   1/2 = 50% of males will be black, XBY    1/2 = 50% of males will be orange, XRY        

PLEASEE helpppppppppp

Answers

Answer:

Northern Highlands

Explanation:

Answer:

Northern highlands is the correct answer

pls mark me brainliest

The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromatids along the equator of the cell is called

Answers

Metaphase. Easy way to remember is this is the chromatids align on the metaphase plate
He is correct the phrase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all ch

What is soil structure?​

Answers

Answer:

Soil structure is defined by the way individual particles of sand, silt, and clay are assembled. Single particles when assembled appear as larger particles. These are called aggregates.

Explanation:

Aggregation of soil particles can occur in different patterns, resulting in different soil structures. The circulation of water in the soil varies greatly according to structure, Therefore, it is important for you to know about the structure of the soil where you plan to build a fish-farm. Although you may not be able to assemble all this information yourself, the specialized technicians from the soil testing laboratory will be able to provide it after examining your undisturbed soil samples. They will be able to tell you if your soil has bad structure or good structure (pores/capillary canals, network, etc.). They will also be able to tell you about the degree of water circulation or permeability.

CAN SOMEONE PLEASE HELP ME WITH THIS SCIENCE QUESTION I WILL MARK YOU BRAINLIEST THANK YOU !!!

Answers

Answer:

Light

Explanation:

Why would a good light bulb produce these if its a good light bulb?

How old would this fossil be if only 1/128 of C-14 was detected in it?

Answers

Answer:

not sure but mark that guy brailest ^

|

Please help me

What is the advantage of porous bones in birds?
A. their holes assist in ridding the bird of wastes
B. their holes help keep the feathers intact
C. they are lighter, which helps with flight
D. they are lighter, which makes the bird need less food

Answers

Answer:

C. But see the answer under C. Apparently C is the accepted answer.

Explanation:

A. Not A.I don't think that's a problem for gulls especially on beaches.

B. Not B.  Their feather do not look like they need much help in keeping their feathers attached when in flight.

C. This is not really the answer, but it is the best answer of these 4. The actual answer is that the bones are porous for better air intake which provides more oxygen and hence they are better able to fly.

D. Not D. Food has nothing to do with the problem. Birds get an adequate amount of food without their wings being porous. See the answer for C.

Answer:

C. they are lighter, which helps with flight

Explanation:

Have a great day

living in an unhealthy community will lead to. ​

Answers

Explanation:

if you mean dirty or not cleaned in a while then you can get sick from the lingering germs, and you can get sick or die if something like a gas pipe has rusted open from not being cleaned. there are many other examples.

Living in an unhealthy community will lead to sicknesses and diseases, and it would spread way easier too, if there are no healthcare professionals around the area.

In which direction is heat transferred?

Answers

thermal energy or heat  naturally flows in one direction only: from hot toward cold. Heat moves naturally by any of three means.

hope it helps.

what does it mean to say that CO2 becomes "fixed" during photosynthesis

Answers

Answer:

What does it mean to say that CO2 becomes "fixed" in talking about photosynthesis?

A. CO2 becomes bonded to an organic compound.

Explanation:

This equipment can be used for plowing ,planting,cultivating,mowing soil and pulling farm machinery,what is it?​

Answers

Is the moldboard plow

Which term indicates that a single gene has two or more alleles present in a population?

A. Genotype
B. Point mutation
C. Polymorphism
D. Pleiotrophy

Answers

Urm I think the answer is C

Genetic polymorphism is the existence of multiple alleles of a single gene.

What are genes?

Genes are regions of DNA which code for a particular protein or any other gene product.

Genes can exists as a single copy or as multiple copies.

Alleles are alternate forms of a particular gene.

A single gene that has two or more alleles present in a population is known as genetic polymorphism.

Therefore, multiple alleles of a single gene is known as genetic polymorphism.

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Plastics are made from oil/petroleum and have both benefits for society and harmful effects on the environment
True
False

Answers

Answer: It is True I just took the test

Explanation:

what is the function of a membrane protein ​

Answers

Answer:

Membrane proteins can allow hydrophilic molecules to pass through the cell membrane.

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

Membrane proteins are common proteins that are part of, or interact with, biological membranes. Membrane proteins fall into several broad categories depending on their location. Integral membrane proteins are a permanent part of a cell membrane and can either penetrate the membrane (transmembrane) or associate with one or the other side of a membrane (integral monotopic). Peripheral membrane proteins are transiently associated with the cell membrane.

The image above depicts a triangular piece of land, ACD, with two roads, segments BE and CF, cutting across the property. The owner wishes to add a fence along segment BC. The entire triangular piece of land is an isosceles triangle in which sides AC and CD both equal 9 miles. Segment CF represents the perpendicular bisector of the 13 mile-long base. If triangles BKC and FKE, formed from the intersection of the two roads, are congruent and segment AE is equal to side CD, what is the length of segment BC?

Select one:
A. 2.5 miles
B. 3.0 miles
C. 3.5 miles
D. 4.0 miles

Answers

Answer:

A. 2.5 miles

Explanation:

I completed it n got 100 lol

Platinum is a catalyst humans use in fuel cell. Although for green energy humans use some bacteria that releases enzymes such as hydrogenase to perform functions as platinum in fuel cell. This is an example of
a. Biofilm
b. Biosensing
c. Biomimicry

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

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Which of the following statements about cell respiration is true?
A In the electron transport chain, Oz is converted to CO2.
B Glycolysis splits sugar to produce pyruvate and FADH2-
C Electrons leave the electron transport chain in a molecule of water (H20).
D
Both B and C are correct.

Answers

The statement which is true about cell respiration is; Choice B: Glycolysis splits sugar to produce pyruvate and FADH2-

Definition of terms:

Cellular respiration is a process used by all living organisms to convert glucose into energy.

Cellular respiration is a collection of three unique metabolic pathways: glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Glycolysis; This pathway is anaerobic and takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.

This pathway breaks down 1 glucose molecule and produces 2 pyruvate molecule. A process which releases FADH2- in the process.

Pyruvate Oxidation: In eukaryotic cells, the mitochondria is the site of pyruvate oxidation. The release of CO2 is a characteristic of this step.

The Electron transport chain: The electron transport chain is the final component of aerobic respiration and is the only portion of glucose metabolism that uses atmospheric oxygen.

Electrons are rapidly transferred from one component to the next to the endpoint of the chain, where the electrons reduce molecular oxygen, O2 producing water in the process.

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how and why does DNA change during meiosis

Answers

Answer:

When recombination occurs during meiosis, the cell's homologous chromosomes line up extremely close to one another. Then, the DNA strand within each chromosome breaks in the exact same location, leaving two free ends. Each end then crosses over into the other chromosome and forms a connection called a chiasma.

Explanation:

help! If a virus has an incubation period of 12-24 months, then it is most likely --

Answers

my best guess would be LTBI (latent tuberculosis infection)

most incubation periods are in the range of 3 weeks to 3 months, though some cancer viruses have incubation periods of 10 years long. exc..

tuberculosis: 6-24 months

aids: 1-15 years

leukemia: 2–12 years

good luck!

Not sure if this is what you meant, but this is what I understoodit on what you said. Based on existing literature, the incubation period (the time from exposure to development of symptoms) of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses (e.g. MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV) ranges from 2–14 days.

What is the most common stimulant drug used today?
A.Heroin
B.Cocaine
C.Caffeine
D.Alcohol

Answers

Answer:

B. cocaine

Explanation:

Someone please help ASAPPPP

Answers

I believe the answer is A

Answer:

(its C)

if its right tell me!

The text box below contains facts about salmon:
juvenile salmon migrate from freshwater streams and rivers to the ocean.
in the ocean, juvenile salmon d.r.i.n.kk. salt water.
Special cells on the salmon's gills called chloride cells help the salmon to excrete salt.

How do populations of juvenile salmon respond to changes in salinity as they migrate?
The juvenile salmon utilize special structures but do not alter their behavior.
The juvenile salmon alter their behavior and utilize special structures.
The juvenile salmon utilize special structures to alter their behavior.
The juvenile salmon alter their behavior but do not utilize special structures.

Answers

Answer:

due to the salmons body and biology the salinity doesnt matter because they can change whats around them using the salt from inside their body

Explanation:

they both utilize and alter behavior

The populations of juvenile salmon respond to changes in salinity as they migrate the juvenile salmon utilize special structures to alter their behavior. Therefore, option C is correct.

What is salinity ?

The amount of dissolved salt in a body of water is known as salinity. It makes a significant contribution to conductivity and influences many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters as well as the biological activities that take place there.

In soils and seas, primary salinity is a natural occurrence. Salt lakes, salt pans, salt marshes, and salt flats are a few examples of naturally occurring salty landscapes. Salting caused by human activity, typically land development and agriculture, is known as secondary salinity.

Salinity is the buildup of salt to a degree that harms the built environment and the ecosystem in general. While there are many areas of the Australian terrain that are naturally salty, human activity has the potential to raise salt levels. Water and salinity go hand in hand.

Thus, option C is correct.

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