Quantity is most closely related to the speed of gas particles is the temperature of the gas.
Specifically, the speed of the molecules in a gas is dependent on its temperature (the higher the temperature the faster the gas molecules move). Another way to think of it is that the temperature of a gas is a measure of the average kinetic energy of that gas.
What is temperature ?"Temperature is the measure of hotness or coldness expressed in terms of any of several scales, including Fahrenheit and Celsius. Temperature indicates the direction in which heat energy will spontaneously flow—i.e., from a hotter body (one at a higher temperature) to a colder body (one at a lower temperature)."
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A physics teacher is reheating her leftover pizza lunch in the very old teacher breakroom microwave. The microwave is so old that it doesn't even turn the food as it cooks. When the teacher takes her food out and eats it, she discovers that parts of the pizza are scalding hot, while other parts are still very cold. She explains to the students that a microwave works by producing standing waves that result in heating. She asks the students to explain why some parts of the pizza are hot while others are still cold. Below are their responses:
Answer: At the antinodes of a standing wave, the wave is shaking very rapidly, causing those parts of the pizza to get hot. At the nodes, the wave is not shaking much at all, causing those parts of the pizza to stay cold."
Explanation:
antinodes vibrate and are the opposite of nodes which are stationary.
Some parts of the pizza are hot while others are still cold. Because the antinodes of a standing wave shake very quickly, causing the hot spots on the pizza to appear.
What are the differences between nodes and antinodes?The fact that there are locations along the medium that appear to be standing still is a feature of every standing wave pattern.
The term "node" refers to these sites, which are also known as "points of no displacement." Other sites along the medium are subjected to vibrations with substantial positive and negative displacements.
During each vibrational cycle of the standing wave, these are the locations that experience the most displacement. These points are termed "antinodes" because they are the polar opposites of nodes.
The antinodes of a standing wave shake very quickly, causing the hot spots on the pizza to appear. The wave isn't moving very much at the nodes, therefore those areas of the pizza stay cold."
Hence some parts of the pizza are hot while others are still cold.
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