Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction and is seen in annelids, fungi, cyanobacteria, sponges, and flatworms.
In Fragmentation, an organism divides itself into a number of fragments. It occurs when an organism completely breaks down independently irrespective of the other parts. Each one of these fragments matures into fully grown adults that are clones of the original organism.
Asexual reproduction usually involves the participation of a single parent alone can produce new offspring. The newly produced individual is genetically identical to one another and its parent. Both multicellular and unicellular organisms divide by fragmentation which is asexual reproduction.
Fragmentation is the most common method of reproduction in lower invertebrates. It is seen in many organisms including filamentous cyanobacteria, algae, lichens, molds, many plants, and animals such as flatworms, annelid worms, sponges, and sea stars.
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The organisms that can reproduce by fragmentation are Option d Sponges and Sea anemones.
Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction in which an organism breaks into two or more fragments, and each fragment develops into a new individual. Both sponges and sea anemones are examples of organisms that exhibit this mode of reproduction.
Sponges are simple multicellular animals that lack true tissues and organs. They possess a porous body structure, and when a sponge is fragmented, each fragment has the potential to develop into a new sponge through regeneration. These fragments contain specialized cells called archaeocytes that can differentiate into various cell types required for the formation of a new sponge.
Sea anemones, on the other hand, are marine animals belonging to the phylum Cnidaria. They have a cylindrical body with tentacles surrounding their mouth. When a sea anemone is fragmented, each piece can regenerate into a complete individual. The process involves the differentiation of cells within the fragments, leading to the development of new tentacles, body parts, and eventually a mature sea anemone.
Both sponges and sea anemones have remarkable regenerative abilities, allowing them to reproduce through fragmentation. This form of asexual reproduction enables them to colonize new areas, expand their population, and adapt to changing environmental conditions. Therefore the correct option is D
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The Question was Incomplete, Find the full content below :
The organisms which can reproduce by fragmentation are:
(a) Corals and Sponges
(b) Corals and Spirogyra
(c) Sea anemone and Spirogyra
(d) Sponges and Sea anemones.
Related to weather what does 100% cloud cover mean?
A cloud cover of one 100% signifies that clouds cover the complete sky. There are not any substantive gaps or breaks in the cloud layer, and the sky seems continuously clouded.
A one hundred% cloud cover is whilst the complete sky is covered in clouds, without a gaps or clean spots seen. Clouds completely conceal the view of the sky and prevent sunlight from reaching the earth. Without any breaks inside the cloud layer, the sky seems uniformly gray or overcast.
It denotes that clouds have taken up all available sky space, leaving no region for the sun, moon, or stars to be visible. When the sky is obvious, the dense cloud cover diffuses daylight, ensuing in darker lights conditions.
Depending at the temperature, it shows a high likelihood of precipitation, including rain, drizzle, or snow. The heavy cloud cowl acts as a barrier, preventing direct daylight from reaching the floor and, as a end result, doubtlessly reducing temperatures. It can create a dismal surroundings and decrease visibility, affecting outdoor activities and doubtlessly influencing the neighborhood weather.
Cloud cowl can range in thickness and altitude, starting from thin and dispersed clouds to thick and layered cloud formations. Nonetheless, a one hundred% cloud cowl denotes a sky this is entirely clouded over, limiting the view and ensuing in diffused lights and the opportunity of precipitation
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you have a bottle of dalobase formula weight 178g/mol. want to make 75ml of stock solution that has database concentration of 0.4m how much dagobase do you need to make this solution
Select all that correctly apply to the human pedigree shown below.
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2
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Individual #2 is heterozygous..
The pedigree represents dominant inheritance.
Individual #3 is heterozygous.
The pedigree represents recessive inheritance.
The pedigree represents x-linked recessive inheritance.
Pedigrees are used to get inheritance pattern of a gene and to determine possible genotypes among the family members. Correct options are 1) Individual #2 is heterozygous. 4) The pedigree represents recessive inheritance.
What is a pedigree?
A Pedigree is the representation of a family's history. This graph is used to track a trait through different generations, and analyze the inheritance pattern of a particular gene and its expression.
It is a tool used to understand how genes are transmitted from the parental generation to the descendants, and what are the probabilities of inheriting them.
Pedigree interpretation.
Family members→ Individuals are represented with geometrical figures.
→ Males are squares
→ Females are circles
Trait/Phenotype→ Healthy/normal/not affected individuals are represented with empty figures
→ Affected/mutated individuals are represented with solid black figures
Generations→ Each file is represented with a roman number, indicating the Generation.
In the e xposed pedigree,
Generation I
The man is affected (black square) - Individual 1The woman is not affected (empty circle). - Individual 2The woman must be homozygous dominant, since they had all healthy children, but affected grandchildren. This means the generation II are carriers, and the affection was expressed in the third generation.
Generation II
All healthy individualsThe two daughters and the son from the previous couple are heterozygousThe man that married daughter 2 is also heterozygous. You can tell this because they had affected children (black figures). The two remaining individuals might be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous.Generation III
Children from couples one a three (generation II) are all healthy individuals. They might be either heterozygous or homozygouys dominant.
Two children from the second couple (generation II) are healthy and two are affected. Solid black circles are affected individuals, while empty figures are healthy individuals.
Individual #2 is heterozygous. CORRECTThe pedigree represents dominant inheritance. INCORRECTIndividual #3 is heterozygous. INCORRECTThe pedigree represents recessive inheritance. CORRECTThe pedigree represents x-linked recessive inheritance. INCORRECTYou can learn more about pedigrees at
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The largest and most recently developed part of the brain is the:
A. midbrain
B. forebrain
C. cerebral cortex
D. corpus callosum
Answer:
c. cerebral cortex
Explanation:
The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain and is responsible for higher cognitive functions, such as language, memory, perception, attention, and conscious thought. It plays a crucial role in complex mental processes and is highly developed in humans compared to other animals. The cerebral cortex is divided into different lobes, including the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe, each with specialized functions.
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What are the celluar activities that sustain a single cell organism through its lifetime
The cellular activities that sustain a single-cell organism through its lifetime include nutrient uptake, metabolism, growth, reproduction, and waste elimination. These processes ensure the organism's survival and allow it to carry out essential functions.
To elaborate, single-cell organisms obtain nutrients from their environment through various means, such as diffusion, active transport, or phagocytosis. Once inside the cell, these nutrients undergo metabolic processes like glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP. This energy is utilised for growth, repair, and maintenance of cellular structures.
Additionally, single-cell organisms reproduce through processes like binary fission or budding, enabling them to proliferate and pass on their genetic material. Waste products generated during metabolism are eliminated through exocytosis or diffusion to maintain cellular homeostasis.
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Read the passage. Then describe how it illustrates at least two of the relationships that exist among science, technology
society.
Microbeads: Science, Technology, and Society.
In the 1990s, microbeads became popular additions to
personal care products such as facial cleansers.
Microbeads help scrub and exfoliate skin. They are tiny
balls made from plastic. When washed down the sink,
most microbeads are not filtered out by water treatment
systems. Instead, they settle into sewage sludge. This
sludge is typically applied as fertilizer in agricultural fields.
The microbeads then enter waterways and oceans as
runoff from the fields.
Research has shown that aquatic animals mistake
microbeads for food because they look like fish eggs. The
microbeads can become lodged in an animal's digestive
tract, causing pain and eventually death. They can also
absorb toxins in the water, which can then travel through
the food chain. in the 2010s, governments around the
world began to regulate products containing microbeads.
Many countries, including the United States, have banned
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NEXT →>>> describe how it illustrates at least two of the relationships that exist among science technology and society?
The passage emphasizes the interconnectedness of the social and environmental effects of microbead research and development.
How do you describe how the passage illustrates at least two of the relationships that exist among science technology and society?The passage outlines two connections between science, innovation, and society. Firstly, it highlights the relationship between logical inquiry and the advancement of innovation.
A logical investigation has uncovered the negative effect of microbeads on sea-going biological systems, driving to the improvement of this innovation in individual care items.
The innovation and far-reaching utilization of microbeads as a result of logical information have had noteworthy results for the society and the environment.
Furthermore, the section shows the connection between innovation and society's prosperity. The utilization of microbeads in private consideration items appeared to be advantageous at first, as they gave shedding properties.
Notwithstanding, the adverse consequences on amphibian life and the climate have raised worries about the prosperity of society and the requirement for administrative activities.
This features the interchange between innovation, cultural qualities, and the requirement for maintainable practices.
In general, the passage emphasizes the interconnectedness of science, technology, and society by highlighting the ways in which scientific discoveries and technological advancements can affect society and the environment.
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What are Examples of discriminative stimulus?
Answer:
- if a child is learning to ask for a toy, the discriminative stimulus might be the presence of the toy in the room. <- found on goldenstepsaba.com
Explanation:
Traffic Light: In the context of driving, a green traffic light serves as a discriminative stimulus that signals the availability of reinforcement (in this case, being able to proceed safely). Drivers respond by accelerating and moving forward when they see a green light.
Classroom Bell: In a school setting, the sound of a bell can function as a discriminative stimulus. It signals the end of a class period, indicating that students are now allowed to transition to the next class or take a break. The bell serves as a cue for students to gather their belongings and move to the next location.
Restaurant Menu: When you enter a restaurant and are given a menu, the menu itself can act as a discriminative stimulus. It signals the availability of a wide variety of food choices and the opportunity for reinforcement in the form of a satisfying meal. Your behavior may be influenced by the options presented on the menu.
Alarm Clock: For many people, an alarm clock serves as a discriminative stimulus in the morning. The sound of the alarm signals that it is time to wake up and start the day. The alarm clock cues the behavior of getting out of bed and beginning daily activities.
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Scarification is a process that scratches up the surfaces of seeds that pass through the guts of birds. A student wanted to see if scarified seeds grew better than those that were not scarified. He simulated scarification by rubbing 20 cherry seeds with sandpaper. Another set of 20 cherry seeds were left alone. The student planted each of the seeds into separate pots and gave them the same amount of water daily. The pots were placed in a location with a constant temperature of approximately 25 degrees C. The number of seeds that germinated each group was recorded daily for three weeks. Which is the control group?
Which is the experimental group?
What is the independent variable?
What is the dependent variable?
Name at least one controlled variable?
Was quantitative or qualitative data collected?
The control group is the set of non-scarified seeds. The experimental group is the set of scarified seeds. The independent variable is scarification process. The dependent variable. is the number of seeds that germinated in each group.
Controlled variables are the amount of water supplied daily, the constant temperature of the growing environment, the type of cherry seeds used and the size of the planting pots.
Quantitative data are the daily count of the number of seeds that germinated in each group over three weeks.
The study does not have qualitative data.
Differences between dependent and independent variablesThe independent variable needs no stimulus to generate results.The dependent variable needs to be stimulated by the independent variable to generate results.A scientific experiment needs to feature all of the elements represented above to be effective and reliable. This is because these elements prove that the experiment was carried out methodically, specifically, and with care in each variable and presented data.
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10mg/1ml pure herring sperm diluted with 10ml sterile distilled water to C1 of 1000µg/ml. C1 Concentration of stock (1000µg/ml) V1 Volume of stock needed (µl) C2 Final Concentration (µg/ml) O 100 80 75 70 60 50 30 25 5 V2 Final volume (2,000μl) 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Volume of H₂0 required (μl) Use water as a diluent and blank Mix each standard by inversion and measure the absorbance at 260nm (A260) with a UV - compatible cuvette. Graph your standard curve. On the graph include coefficient of regression (R²) and line graph equation (Y = mx + C).
Answer:
To create a standard curve using the provided data, you will need to dilute the pure herring sperm stock solution to various concentrations. The table below shows the calculations for each dilution:C1 Concentration of Stock (µg/ml)V1 Volume of Stock Needed (µl)C2 Final Concentration (µg/ml)V2 Final Volume (µl)Volume of H₂O Required (µl)100010010002000190010008080020001920100075750200019251000707002000193010006060020001940100050500200019501000303002000197010002525020001975100055020001995To prepare each standard, you will take the corresponding volume of the stock solution and dilute it with the calculated volume of sterile distilled water. For example, to prepare the first standard with a final concentration of 1000 µg/ml, take 100 µl of the pure herring sperm stock solution and add 1900 µl of sterile distilled water.Once you have prepared each standard, you can measure the absorbance at 260nm (A260) using a UV-compatible cuvette. Record the absorbance values for each standard.To create the standard curve, plot the concentrations (C2) on the x-axis and the absorbance values (A260) on the y-axis. Fit a linear regression line to the data points. The equation of the line will be in the form Y = mx + C, where Y is the absorbance, m is the slope of the line, x is the concentration, and C is the y-intercept.Calculate the coefficient of regression (R²) to assess the linearity of the curve. The R² value ranges from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating a perfect fit.Please note that I cannot make graph for you directly in this text-based format. You will need to input the data into a graphing software or spreadsheet program to create the graph, calculate the regression line equation, and determine the coefficient of regression (R²).All of the following are essential amino acids except a) Arginine b) Alanine c) Histidine d) Lysine.
All of the following are essential amino acids except: b) Alanine.
What is Alanine?Since alanine is a non-essential amino acid, the body can produce it on its own and does not need to be consumed in the diet. From other amino acids and metabolic processes the body may make alanine.
The amino acids indicated in alternatives a), c), and d), on the other hand, are essential amino acids which means that the body cannot produce them and that they must be received from diet. These amino acids are essential for the production of proteins as well as other physiological processes.
Therefore the correct option is b.
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A fly has two alleles for the color of its eyes. The green allele is recessive, and
is represented by q. The blue allele is dominant, and is represented by p. If 28
of 100 organisms are green, what is p?
Homozygous dominant+ Heterozygous + Homozygous recessive = 1
OA. 0.72
B. 0.28
C. 0.53
D. 0.47
✓
p+2pq+q² = 1
The frequency of the dominant blue allele, represented by p, is D. 0.47. This means that 47% of the creatures in the population have the blue eye colour allele.
The equation p + 2pq + q² = 1 represents the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation, which describes the frequencies of alleles in a population.
In this case, p represents the frequency of the dominant blue allele, q represents the frequency of the recessive green allele, and p + q = 1 because these are the only two alleles in the population.
Given that 28 out of 100 organisms are green (q² = 28/100), we can find the value of q. Taking the square root of q², we get q = √(28/100) = 0.53.
Since p + q = 1, we can substitute the value of q to find p. Therefore, p = 1 - q = 1 - 0.53 = 0.47.
So, the value of p, representing the frequency of the dominant blue allele, is 0.47. This indicates that 47% of the organisms in the population have the blue allele for eye color. Therefore, Option D is correct.
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what happens in meiosis during telophase 2
Answer:
Meiosis can be described as a sort of cell division in which a single parent cell divides into four daughters. The number of chromosomes in the resultant daughter cells is half that of the parent cell. Reduction division is another name for this kind of division.
Telophase 2 results in the production of four daughter cells as the nuclear membrane forms, the chromosomes shift to their opposite poles, and the cell follows cytokineses.
Explanation:
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Choose the correct approximate doubling time formula for a quantity growing exponentially at a rate of P% per time period. A. 70+P OB. P/70 OC. 70 x P OD. 70/P Under which conditions does the approximate doubling formula work well? OA. The approximation works best for large growth rates. OB. The approximation works best for growth rates over 100%. OC. The approximation works best for small growth rates. D. The approximation works best for positive growth rates.
The correct approximate doubling time formula for a quantity growing exponentially at a rate of P% per time period is option B: P/70.
The approximate doubling formula works well under the condition stated in option OC: The approximation works best for small growth rates.
This is because the doubling time is inversely proportional to the growth rate. When the growth rate is small, the doubling time becomes larger, and the approximation formula P/70 provides a reasonable estimate. However, for larger growth rates, the approximation becomes less accurate.
Therefore, the correct answers are:
- Approximate doubling time formula: P/70
- The approximation works best for small growth rates.
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