A t-test cannot cover more than one group. This has to do with the underlying method used to calculate the test value.
Explain about t-test?
The t-test is designed to compare the means of two populations based on the means of the two samples. (any sample from either population).
An estimate of the standard deviation of the mean, commonly called the standard error, is used to measure the magnitude of the difference between the means. Now that we have a means to compare the two quantities (and know their theoretical distribution), we can determine whether this difference is significant.
The most important observation is that the t-test computes the difference between two sample means.
If there are more than two groups (that is, the population is split or stratified into more than one group), there are further differences to consider. If you have 3 groups A, B, C, there are 3 possible differences.
μA-μB, μB-μC, μA-μC between population means and three differences between sample means. However, one measure is needed to determine whether these differences are significant.
A t-test can be used for each of the above three differences. But it doesn't answer the question whether there is a difference when looking at all three groups at once.
To achieve this, ANOVA uses a trick.
Rather than using the differences between pairs of groups directly (ask yourself how to summarize three differences in one measure), measure the variance of the mean between groups. If there are large differences in group means, variance captures those differences into a measure!
If you have trouble understanding 'variance', you can use the word standard deviation from the previous text to get your points.
In other words, there is more than one difference between the groups, but we want one measure of Total Difference Between Groups. The t-test cannot do that.
So the procedure for groups of three or more is: Run ANOVA first. As a second step, if you have reason to believe that differences exist (based on this test), you can use the t-test to determine where those differences lie.
A t-test cannot cover more than one group. This has to do with the underlying method used to calculate the test value.
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A certain carbon monoxide molecule consists of a carbon atom of mass mc = 14 u and an oxygen atom of mass mo = 18 u that are separated by a distance of d = 122 pm, where "u" is an atomic unit of mass.
a. Write a symbolic equation for the location of the center of mass of the carbon monoxide molecule relative to the position of the oxygen atom. This expression should be in terms of the masses of the atoms and the distance between them.Â
b. Calculate the numeric value for the center of mass of carbon monoxide in units of pm.Â
(a) The formula for these two atoms' center masses in relation to the oxygen atom is. (b) The center of mass of monoxide has a numerical value of 53 pm.
The settings provided;
The carbon atom's mass is 12u.
The oxygen atom has a mass of 17 u and a spacing of 128 pm between its atoms.
These two atoms' center masses in relation to the oxygen atom are computed as follows;
where; is the atom's separation from the fixed reference point (the oxygen atom) (b) The following equation is used to calculate the center of mass of monoxide in measures of pm:
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what is the debroglie wavelength in picometers (10-12m) of an electron that is traveling at 79.1% of the speed of light?
The debroglie wavelength in picometers (10-12m) of an electron that is traveling at 79.1% of the speed of light is 2.8 × [tex]10^{-12}[/tex]
Mass of electron m = 9.1 × [tex]10^{-31}[/tex]kg
speed of electron v = 3 ×[tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s * (79.1/100) = 2.37 × [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s
debroglie wavelength λ = h/mv
λ = 6.626 [tex]10^{-34}[/tex]/9.1 × [tex]10^{-31}[/tex] × 2.37 × [tex]10^{8}[/tex]
λ = 2.8 × [tex]10^{-12}[/tex]
In many branches of physics, the speed of light in a vacuum, commonly abbreviated as c, plays a crucial role. Exactly 299,792,458 meters per second is the speed of light, or c. [Note 3] The speed at which common matter or energy can travel through space (and, consequently, any signal carrying information) is limited to c, according to the special theory of relativity.
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let's say you use a heat pump to pump heat from room a to room b. the temperature in room a is 18.6 oc and in room b is 27.3 oc. if your goal is to cool space a, what is the theoretical cop limit?
The theoretical Coefficient of Performance (COP) to cool the room A is 33.52.
Temperature in room A = T₁ = 18.6 oc
Temperature in room B = T₂ = 27.3 oc
To convert temperatures in Kelvin,
= T₁ = 18.6 + 273 =
= T₁ = 291.6 K
and,
= T₂ = 27.3 + 273
= T₂ = 300.3 K
The COP value to cool room A =
= COP = T₁ / (T₂ - T₁)
= COP = 291.6 / (300.3 - 291.6 )
= COP = 291.6 / 8.7
= COP = 33.52
The theoretical coefficient of performance to cool room A is 33.52 when the temperature of room A is 18.6 oc and that of room B is 27.3 oc.
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Can someone please help meeeeeeee! I’m so bad at these stuff. Ill give brainliest too
A ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of 64 feet per second.
A ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of 64 feet per second.So, from 0.5 seconds to 3.5 seconds, the ball is at the height of 28 feet above the ground.
What is the straightforward definition of velocity?velocity. . swiftness, quickness, or the speed of motion, activity, or operation A measurement of a body's rate of motion in physics is the rate at which its location changes over time in a specific direction.
What is the definition of velocity using an example?Simply said, velocity is the rate of movement in a specific direction. including the speed of a car driving north on a road or the pace at which a rocket takes off. Since the velocity vector is scalar, its absolute value magnitude will always equal the motion's speed.
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A student has an ohmic lightbulb connected to a battery that has significant internal resistance. As the student connects other identical lightbulbs in parallel to the first lightbulb, which of the following would be a reasonable observation about the brightnesses of the lightbulbs?
a. Each lightbulb gets brighter as more lightbulbs are added.
b. Each lightbulb gets dimmer as more lightbulbs are added.
c. When each lightbulb is added, it is the same brightness as the first lightbulb, which remains the same brightness throughout.
d. The first lightbulb remains the same brightness, but each added lightbulb is brighter than the original.
e. The first lightbulb remains the same brightness, but each added lightbulb is dimmer than the original.
Based on the information provided regarding the parallel circuit, reasonable observation about the brightness of the lightbulbs would be that when each lightbulb is added, it is the same brightness as the first lightbulb, which remains the same brightness throughout. (Option C)
A parallel circuit refers to a circuit that comprises of branches so that the current divides and only part of it flows through any branch. The voltage, or potential difference, across each branch is the same. Two or more bulbs in a simple parallel circuit have full voltage of the battery, hence the brightness of each bulb remains unchanged.
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consider a wave passing through a single slit. what happens to the width of the central maximum of its diffraction pattern as the slit is made half as wide? it becomes one-fourth as wide. it becomes one-half as wide. its width does not change. it becomes twice as wide. it becomes four times as wide.
Wave passing through a single slit it becomes twice as width of the central maximum of its diffraction pattern as the slit is made half as wide.
The central maximum lies between the first-order minima defined by the relation sinθ dark =mλ/a=λ/a. Because the angle is small, sinθ dark ≈tanθ dark =y dark/L, so the width of the central maximum is proportional to Lλ/a. Thus, the central maximum becomes twice as wide if the slit width a becomes half as wide.
In order to enter the region of geometric shadow cast by the obstruction or aperture, waves must interact with one another or bend around its edges, which is referred to as diffraction. A secondary source of the wave that is propagating is in fact created by the diffracting item or aperture. The term "diffraction" was originally used in 1660 by the Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi, who was also the first to make precise observations of the phenomena.
On the registration plate, an infinite number of spots (three are illustrated) along length d project phase contributions from the wave front, resulting in a constantly changing intensity.
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a perfume bottle has a straw the goes from the nozzle into the fluid. the other end of the nozzle is connected to a bulb that when squeezed pushes air out. explain how the perfume makes its way out of the bottle given this configuration.
The liquid is drawn up into the feed tube and forced through the nozzle by the vacuum produced by the airflow.
What exactly is a vacuum?A vacuum is indeed a space that is devoid of all substance, sometimes known as "free-space." Only complete vacuums are actually feasible in real life. An incandescent lightbulb has a vacuum inside. The vacuum in space is almost ideal. The Moon, Mercury, or Mars have no atmospheres at all.
What is the vacuum unit?Scales and vacuum units commonly used. In vacuum systems, pressure is still measured in mm or inches of mercury. The Torr (from Torricelli) unit of pressure measurement is based on millimeters of mercury, and mmHg (Hg being heavy metals in the periodic table).
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5. consider a charge, - 2q, placed a distance a above the xy plane and a charge 4q placed a distance 3a above the xy plane. if the xy plane is grounded, determine the force on the -2q charge.
If the xy plane is grounded, Then the force on the -2q charge is derived from F=1/4πE* q²/d² Z
So magnitude of the image charge = - 29
and location is distance d from origion at-2 axis as shown.
The charge 2q is attracted toward the plate because of the negative induced charge. Now force felt by charge 2q All to new configuration force is
F=1/4πE*( 2q ) ( - 2q ) /2d² Z
or
F=1/4πE* q²/d² Z.
An object experiences a push or pull as a result of interacting with another object. any time there is a relationship between two objects. The result of the interaction between two objects, force is a push or a pull. It has both magnitude and direction because it is a vector quantity. Normal and gravitational force are the most typical types of forces. The attraction between two mass-containing objects is created by the gravitational force, which is a non-contact force.
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is it possible to use the reflection from this corner cube to send a sunbeam onto the wall in a room from the sun's rays entering the room through a window?
Yes, but only up to a certain height since the corner cube maintains the angle of the light's incidence. No, as any position of a corner cube sends the beam back to the window. Yes, the beam is parallel to itself when the cube travels slightly.
What are corner cubes and how do they function?An optical element having the exceptional capability of returning an entering beam of light straight at its place of origin irrespective of the beam's angle of entry is a corner cube, often called as a retroreflector.
A corners cube retroreflector (CCR) is what, exactly?Three adjacent, mutually orthogonal plane-reflecting surfaces make up a corner cube retroreflector, also called as a CCR or trihedral prism, which is an optical structure an angle of a cube. Independent of the prism, the corner cube returns an incident ray at a certain angle.
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A student stands at the edge of a cliff and throws a stone horizontally over the edge with a speed of v i
=18.0m/s. The cliff is h=50.0m above a body of water as shown in above figure. (a) What are the coordinates of the initial position of the stone? (b) What are the components of the initial velocity of the stone? (c) What is the appropriate analysis model for the vertical motion of the stone? (d) What is the appropriate analysis model for the horizontal motion of the stone? (e) Write symbolic equations for the x and y components of the velocity of the stone as a function of time. (f) Write symbolic equations for the position of the stone as a function of time. (g) How long after being released does the stone strike the water below the cliff? (h) With what speed and angle of impact does the stone land?
a) The starting speed of the stone was 18.0 m/s, and the cliff's height was 50.0 m.
The expression for the stone's initial x-coordinate
[tex]x_{i}[/tex] = 0
The stone's initial x-coordinate is shown here.
the definition of the top of the cliff's initial y-coordinate
[tex]y_{i}[/tex] = 50m
The stone's initial y-coordination is seen here.
Consequently, the stone's starting position's coordinates are (0, 50.0m)
b) The expression for the stone's starting speed in the x direction
[tex]v_{ix}[/tex] = 18.0m/s
The stone's initial horizontal velocity [tex]v_{ix}[/tex] is seen here. The formula for the starting velocity in the y direction .
[tex]v_{iy}[/tex] = 0m/s
Here, [tex]v_{iy}[/tex] is the stone's initial vertical velocity.
Consequently, the initial component of the stone's speed are [tex]v_{ix}[/tex] = 18.0m/s and [tex]v_{iy}[/tex] = 0m/s.
c) A free fall motion with constant g-force governs the stone's vertical movement.
Particle motion with constant acceleration is what is happening in the y direction.
As a result, the acceleration in the y direction remains constant.
d) Because there is zero acceleration in the x-direction and no net force acting to modify the stone's inertia, the particle's velocity remains constant throughout the motion.
As a result, the motion in the y-direction is motion at a constant speed.
As a result, motion in the x-direction is caused by constant velocity motion.
e) Because the stone doesn't experience any acceleration in the x direction, its speed remains constant throughout the motion.
The stone's ultimate x-direction velocity is equal to its x-direction beginning velocity.
the relationship between the x-final direction's and beginning velocities,
[tex]v_{fx} = v_{ix}[/tex]
Here, [tex]v_{fx}[/tex] is the final horizontal velocity.
The speed in the x direction is independent of time.
The stone experiences a constant acceleration in the y direction, or g, which determines the stone's y-direction velocity.
The formula for the y-ultimate direction's velocity
[tex]v_{fy} = v_{iy} + at[/tex]
Here, [tex]v_{fy}[/tex] is the ultimate vertical velocity, and an is the vertical acceleration.
Substitute 0 for [tex]v_{iy}[/tex] and -g for a in the above equation to find [tex]v_{fy}[/tex]
[tex]v_{fy}[/tex] = -gt
Consequently, the velocity's x and y components are [tex]v_{fx} = v_{ix}[/tex] and [tex]v_{fy}[/tex] = -gt respectively.
f) The term for the stone's x-direction position
[tex]x_{f} = x_{i} + v_{ix}t + a_{x} t^{2}[/tex] (i)
Here, [tex]x_{f}[/tex] is the final horizontal position and [tex]a_{x}[/tex] is the acceleration in the x-direction.
The term for the stone's y-direction position
[tex]y_{f} = y_{i} + v_{iy} t + \frac{1}{2} at^{2}[/tex] (ii)
Here, [tex]y_{f}[/tex] is the final vertical position.
Substitute 0 for [tex]x_{i}[/tex] and 0 for [tex]a_{x}[/tex] in the equation (i)
[tex]x_{f} = 0 + v_{ix} t + 0\\ = v_{ix} t[/tex]
Substitute 0 for [tex]v_{iy}[/tex] and -g for a in the equation (ii)
[tex]y_{f} = y_{i} + 0 - \frac{1}{2} (g)t^{2}[/tex]
[tex]= y_{i} - \frac{1}{2} (g)t^{2}[/tex]
Consequently, the position's x and y components are [tex]v_{xi} t[/tex] and [tex]= y_{i} - \frac{1}{2} (g)t^{2}[/tex] respectively.
g) The formula to calculate time
t = [tex]\sqrt{\frac{2h}{g} }[/tex]
Substitute 50m for h and 9.8m/[tex]s^{2}[/tex] for g in above equation to find t.
t = [tex]\sqrt{\frac{2(50m)}{9.8m/s^{2} } }[/tex]
= 3.19s
As a result, the stone will hit the sea below the cliff in 3.19 seconds.
h) The expression to calculate velocity.
[tex]v_{fy}[/tex] = -gt
Substitute 3.19s for t and 9.8 m/[tex]s^{2}[/tex] Obtain for g in the previous equation [tex]v_{fy}[/tex].
[tex]v_{fy}[/tex] = (9.8m/[tex]s^{2}[/tex]) (3.19s)
= -31.26m/s
≈ - 31.3m/s
The method for estimating the speed of stone land
v = [tex]\sqrt{v^{2} _{fx} }+ \sqrt{v^{2} _{fx} }[/tex] (iii)
The speed of the stone when it lands in this case is v.
The formula for calculating the stone land's angle
∅ = [tex]tan^{-1}[/tex] ( [tex]\frac{v_{fy} }{v_{fx} } )[/tex] (iv)
Substitute 18m/s for [tex]v_{fx}[/tex] and -31.3m/s for [tex]v_{fy}[/tex] in equation (iii) to find v.
v = [tex]\sqrt{(18m/s)^{2} }[/tex] + [tex]\sqrt{(-31.3m/s)^{2} }[/tex]
= 36.1m/s
As a result, the stone was moving at 36.1 m/s when it hit the ground.
Substitute 18m/s for [tex]v_{fx}[/tex] and -31.3m/s for [tex]v_{fy}[/tex] in equation (iv) to find ∅.
∅ = [tex]tan^{-1}[/tex] ([tex]\frac{-31.3m/s}{18m/s} )[/tex]
= -60.09°
≈ -60.1°
As a result, the stone terrain has an angle that is -60.1° below the horizontal.
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consider the pictured representations of electromagnetic waves. which electromagnetic wave corresponds to each description?
Electromagnetic (EM) waves are waves that are related to both electricity and magnetism. These waves travel over space and are made up of time-varying electric and magnetic fields.
When electric and magnetic fields interact and change over time, electromagnetic waves are produced.These waves, which are linked to electricity and magnetism, would almost certainly travel beyond space.The magnetic field varies with time and gives rise to the electric field; the electric field changes with time and gives rise to the magnetic field again, and so on. When time-varying electric and magnetic fields are coupled and propagate together in space, electromagnetic waves are formed.To know more about electromagnetics visit:
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would the balloon hit the ground before or after 1.0 s of falling? which equation did you use to decide, and what comparison did you make to determine that it would or would not hit the ground by then?
The first equation will be used to determine that it would hit the ground after 1.0s of falling (in 1.56 s).
Equation of motion are a mathematical formula that describes the position, velocity or acceleration of a body relative to a given frame of reference
The first equation to be used will be second equation of motion
x = v₀t + 1/2at²
where, x = distance
a = uniform acceleration
t = time
12 = 1/2*9.8 *t²
24 = 9.8 * t²
t = 1.56 s.
The balloon will hit the ground after 1.0s of falling.
The 1st equation was used because of the values provided which included the distance and the acceleration due to gravity. The 2nd equation has final velocity and initial velocity which couldn't be compared from the data given.
The given question is incomplete complete question is:
A student holds a water balloon outside of an open window and lets go. The window is 10 meters above the ground, and the balloon is falling under the acceleration of gravity, which is 9.8 m/s2. There are two equations that can be used to describe its motion over time:
x=x0+v0t+12at2
v=v0+at
Would the balloon hit the ground before or after 1.0 s of falling? Which equation did you use to decide, and what comparison did you make to determine that it would or would not hit the ground by then?
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a 40kg child takes a ride on a ferris wheel that rotates fouyr times each minute and has a diameter of 18m what is the centripetal acceleration
The centripetal acceleration is [tex]1.58m/s^2[/tex]
What is centripetal acceleration?
Centripetal acceleration is a characteristic of an object's motion along a circular path. Centripetal acceleration applies to any object moving in a circle with an acceleration vector pointing in the direction of the circle's center.
It is calculated by
ac = rω^2
where
ac = centripetal acceleration
r = radius
ω = angular velocity
Given,
ω = 4 revolution,
diameter = 18m so, radius r = 9m
Subsituting the values in equaion
ac = [tex][9m] [[4.0\frac{rev}{min} ][\frac{2\pi rad}{rev} ][\frac{1 min}{60s} ]]^2[/tex]
ac = [tex]1.58m/s^2[/tex]
The centripetal acceleration is [tex]1.58m/s^2[/tex]
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what would be the effect on the motion of the cross if the center of mass of the body were to one side of the axis of rotation
Never does a free body revolve around its center of mass ( the instantaneous axis of rotation never passes through the center of mass).
Explain about the axis of rotation?Being a hypothetical object, the axis of rotation might be a challenging notion to understand. An imaginary line that extends through the joint's pivot or rotation point is referred to as the axis of rotation in terms of human anatomy (for example, the axis of rotation for flexing and extending the arm projects through the elbow joint).
The intersection of these three axes, which are the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical ones, each of which is perpendicular to the others, occurs at the center of gravity of the aero plane.
Position, momentum, and angular momentum make up an object's motion when it is rigid. Therefore, the "axis of rotation" is the unit vector, which is the object's angular momentum vector divided by the angular momentum magnitude (and therefore undefinable in the absence of angular momentum).
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A diver in the pike position (leg? straight _ hands on ankles) usually makes only one or onc-and-a-half rotations. To make tWO Or three rotations_ thie cliver goes into tuck position (knees bent , body curled up tight) . Why? 12.62 A 120-Cm-wide sign hangs from 5.0 kg; 200-cm-long pole cable of negligible maSS supports the end of the rod as shown in the figure_ What is the HaXimu maSS of the sign if the maxinm tension in the cable without breaking is 300 N? Note: You will be graded On your use of all elements from Dynamics Worksheet Problem 2. Cable 250 cm 200 cm PATSIES SHIPPE 80 cm
It's crucial to understand that when a diver leaps off a springboard, their angular momentum stays constant until they touch the water's surface.
Despite acting on the diver, gravity does not exert a net positive or negative torque on the diver since it passes through the diver's center of mass. The diver can make two to three rotations when in the tuck position, but only one or two rotations when in the pike position. The moment of inertia of the two places is the cause. The moment of inertia of the diver in the tuck position can be lower. Given that the diver's angular speed is inversely proportional to the moment of inertia, she will make more rotations for the constant angular momentum.
I1w1 =I2w2
w1/w2 = I1/I2
I1 = mr1^2
I2 = mr2^2
r2<r1
then I2<I1
w1/w2<1
w1<w2
From the above analysis we can say that the angular velocity is less in the first case than in the later case which means the number of rotations made in the tuck position is more than number of rotations made than that in pike position.
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an inflated bicycle tire is 2.2 cm in diameter and 2.0 m in circumference. a small leak causes the pressure inside of the tire to decrease from 760 kpa to 550 kpa on a day when the temperature is 20 o c. what mass of air is lost?
Answer: 0.0016 kg
Explanation: To solve this problem, we need to use the ideal gas law, which states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature and the number of moles of gas present. The ideal gas law is given by the following equation: PV = nRT
where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles of gas present, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature of the gas.
In this case, we are given the pressure of the gas inside the tire (760 kPa and 550 kPa), the temperature of the gas (20 °C), and the diameter and circumference of the tire (2.2 cm and 2.0 m). We need to use this information to calculate the mass of air that was lost from the tire.
First, we need to find the volume of the gas inside the tire. Since the circumference of the tire is 2.0 m and the diameter is 2.2 cm, we can use the formula for the circumference of a circle to calculate the radius of the tire:
C = 2 * pi * r
2.0 m = 2 * pi * r
r = 0.3 m
Next, we can use the formula for the volume of a circle to calculate the volume of the gas inside the tire:
V = pi * r^2 * h
V = pi * (0.3 m)^2 * 2.2 cm
V = 0.0183 m^3
Now that we have the volume of the gas inside the tire, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of air inside the tire:
PV = nRT
n = PV / RT
n = (760 kPa * 0.0183 m^3) / (8.314 J/molK * 293 K)
n = 0.0059 mol
Next, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of air lost from the tire when the pressure decreased from 760 kPa to 550 kPa:
n = PV / RT
n = (550 kPa * 0.0183 m^3) / (8.314 J/molK * 293 K)
n = 0.0043 mol
Finally, we can use the molar mass of air to calculate the mass of air that was lost from the tire:
m = n * M
m = (0.0059 mol - 0.0043 mol) * 28.97 g/mol
m = 0.0016 kg
Therefore, the mass of air lost from the tire when the pressure decreased from 760 kPa to 550 kPa is 0.0016 kg.
In a canoe race, team a is traveling 6 miles per hour and is 2 miles ahead of team b. Team b is also traveling 6 miles per hour. The teams continue traveling at their current rates for the remainder of the race. Using d for distance (in miles) and t for time (in hours), write a system of linear equations that represents this situation.
Linear equation for team a; d = 6t + 2 and Linear equation for team b;
d = 6t.
What is the relationship between speed, distance and time?To find speed, divide the distance of the journey by the time it took to travel. To calculate the time, divide distance by speed and to get the distance, multiply speed by time.
Given that in a canoe race, team a is traveling 6 miles per hour and it is 2 miles ahead of team b.
Team b is traveling 6 miles per hour. The teams continue the traveling at their current rates for the remaining race.
We know that speed= distance/time
Linear equation for team a;
d = 6t + 2
Linear equation for team b;
d = 6t
d is distance and t is time.
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what is the maximum speed of a 330 kg car if the spring is compressed the full amount? express your answer with the appropriate units.
A fully compressed spring may move at a maximum speed of 4.993 m/s, according to the question.
What is speed and what is its unit in physics?The pace at which a distance changes over time is referred to as speed. It includes a dimension of time-distance. As a result, the fundamental unit of time and also the basic unit if length are combined to form the High silica content of speed. Thus, the meter per second is the SI unit for speed.
Briefing:K.E = 3RT/2 - (i)
K.E = mv²/2 - (ii)
eq(i) = eq(ii)
comparing
3RT = mv²
v² = 3RT/m
T/m = 1
v = [tex]\sqrt{3R}[/tex]
v = [tex]\sqrt{3*8.31}[/tex]
4.993m/s
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what is the minimum angular spread of a 633-nm wavelength he-ne laser beam that is originally 1.00 mm in diameter? (answer in degrees)
The diffraction-induced minimum angular spread is 633 10 9 meters.
What is diffraction-induced propagation?When the hole is illuminated by a parallel ray of light of wavelength lambda, it is believed that the dispersal of the spot (gotten on the left wall of the video) equals the sum of its geometrical dispersal and the spread induced by diffraction.
Diffraction is the term used to describe the spreading out of waves when they pass through an apertures or around objects. It occurs when the aperture's or obstruction's size and the incident wave's wavelength are of same magnitude. At very small aperture diameters, the most of the wave is blocked.
Briefing : Minimum angular spread due to diffraction (θ) = λ/b
Given.
Wavelength = 633nm = 633×10⁻⁹m
Beam diameter is 1mm.
Minimum angular spread due to diffraction (θ) = 633×10⁻⁹m/1
Minimum angular spread due to diffraction (θ) = 633×10⁻⁹m.
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calculate the work w done by the gas during process 1→3→6 . express your answer in terms of p0 and v0 .
6P₀V₀ is the work done by the gas during process 1→3→6.
What is work done by gas?The work performed by a gas expanding against an external pressure is negative, analogous to the work performed by a system on its surroundings. In contrast, when a gas is compressed externally, V₀ and the work is positive because the environment exerts force on the system.
The gas must release some energy into the environment when it expands in response to an external pressure. The overall energy of the gas is thus reduced as a result of the negative work. When a gas is compressed, energy is transferred to it, increasing its energy as a result of positive work.
Let's consider,
Work done = -W (As the energy is released)
External pressure = P₀
Volume of gas = V₀
So, the work done can be calculated as follows:
W = P x (dV)
-W = P₀ × V₀
Now according to the process given:
1→3→6
Energy flow increases up to 6.
Hence, the energy of the system (work done) is:
-W = 6 × P₀ × V₀
-W = 6P₀V₀
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Nuclear decay occurs according to first-order kinetics. How long will it take for a sample of titanium-45 to decay from 65. 0 grams to 25. 0 grams? the half-life of titanium-45 is 3. 08 hours.
It will take 4.24 hours for a sample of titanium-45 to decay from 65. 0 grams to 25. 0 grams.
Half life of first order reaction is given by: [tex]t_{1/2}[/tex] = 0.693/k
Given half life is 3.08 hours.
So k = 0.225
Rate of first order reaction is given by: [tex]kt = 2.303 * log(R'/R)[/tex]
Where k = rate of reaction = 0.225
t= time taken
R' = final amount = 25g
R = initial amount =65g
Putting these values we get t=4.24 hours.
So it will take 4.24 hours for a sample of titanium-45 to decay from 65. 0 grams to 25. 0 grams.
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What is the power needed to change the speed of a 1600-kg sport utility vehicle from 15. 0 m/s to 40. 0 m/s in 4. 00 seconds?.
2725 Watt, is the power needed to change the speed of a sport utility vehicle.
What is the Power?
The quantity of energy moved or converted per unit of time is known as power. The watt, or one joule per second, is the unit of power in the International System of Units also it is a scalar quantity.
What are the Calculations?
Mass of the sport utility = 1600kg
Initial velocity ([tex]v1[/tex]) - 15m/s, ([tex]15^{2}[/tex] = 225)
Final velocity ([tex]v2[/tex]) - 40m/s, ( [tex]40^{2}[/tex] = 1600)
To find the energy required, Kinetic energy (K.E) = [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] [tex]mv^{2}[/tex]
K.E = final K.E - initial K.E
= [tex]\frac{1}{2} (v2 - v1 )[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{1}{2} 1600 * (1600 - 225)[/tex]
= 80 * 1375
= 11000 J
Power = [tex]\frac{Energy (E)}{Time (t)}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{1100 joule}{ 4 sec}[/tex]
= 2725Watt.
Hence, 2725Watt, is the power needed to change the speed.
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when bulb c is removed from the circuit, what happens to the brightness of bulb a ? when bulb is removed from the circuit, what happens to the brightness of bulb ? the brightness of bulb a stays the same. the brightness of bulb a increases. the brightness of bulb a decreases.
The brightness of bulb A will not be affected, but the brightness of bulbs B and D will become brighter.
In the given circuit, the bulbs B, C, and D are connected in series, whereas bulb A is connected in parallel.
All parts of a series circuit are wired together end to end to create a single path for current flow.
A series circuit of incandescent bulbs would have reduced brightness and increased life when a bulb is added. When a bulb is removed from the series combination, the brightness of the other bulbs will increase. Each bulb acts as a resistor reducing the current through each bulb. In a series circuit, when one bulb burns out, it acts as an open switch, and all bulbs go out.
The given question is incomplete as there is no given circuit diagram.
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Once you set a ball rolling in a frictionless bowling alley, the force needed to keep it rolling is?.
None of the alternatives are correct
What would happen to a ball if was rolling on a frictionless surface ?It's crucial to keep in mind that rolling motion is impossible on a surface with no friction. It will just continue to slide along. The sphere will slide when something is rolling down an incline if the incline's angle is very large or its coefficient of friction is very low.
The ball will continue rolling in the absence of friction. Only friction would prevent it from rolling indefinitely if the second plane's angle of inclination were reduced to zero, making it perfectly horizontal.
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A helium-neon laser emits light with a wavelength of 633 nm. What is the frequency of this light.
Answer:
The frequency of light beam is 4.74 x 10^(14) s^(-1)
Explanation:
In this problem we use the formula C=F x ( lamda )
here c= the speed of light
f =the frequency of light beam
lamda = wavelength
c=3 x 10^8 m/s ( universally same)
lamda = 633nm = 633 * 10^(-9) m
Therefore f = c/ ( lamda )
or; f = 3 x 10^8 / 633 * 10^(-9)
f= 4.74 x 10^(14) s^(-1) .
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The physician who was inspired by traveling mesmerists and who coined the term hypnosis was ____________. A. Franz mesmer b. James braid c. Jean martin charcot d. Sigmund freud please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d.
James braid, a physician, is credited with coining the term hypnosis after becoming mesmerized while traveling. Hence, the relevant option is option (b).
Who was James braid?James Braid was born on June 19, 1795, and passed away on March 25, 1860. He was a well-known Scottish surgeon who was also a gentleman scientist and natural philosopher. According to Braid, hypnotic suggestion can be an effective treatment for nervous system functioning problems. Comparative anatomy has been defined as the study of similar body features in various animal species in order to suggest or comprehend modifications that have to occur underground during the course of evolution from very similar predecessors.
The research that compares the structural differences between various animal species in order to comprehend the changes that each species went through during the stage of evolution from their common ancestors. James braid, a physician, is credited with coining the term hypnosis after being mesmerized while traveling.
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a particle is moving with a constant velocity in the x-direction. when the particle reaches the origin, a constant force is exerted on it in the y-direction. which of the following graphs best shows the path the particle will follow?
Parabolic Up. Since the force is in the y-direction, the particle will continue to move at a constant speed in the x-direction and accelerate in the y-direction. This creates a parabolic path around y-axis.
Force is the power that changes the motion of an item. A force can purpose an object with mass to alternate its pace. A force has both value and path, making it a vector quantity.
Pressure is the push or the pull that affects us in our daily lives because, without force, people might not be capable of opening and near stuff or lifting up their arms or legs.
Variety of Forces :
* Muscular Forces, muscular tissues feature to produce an ensuing force which is referred to as 'muscular force'.
* Frictional Forces, while an item modifications its national motion, 'frictional pressure' acts upon it.
* Carried out pressure.
* Tension force.
* Spring force.
* Gravitational pressure.
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46. what minimum friction force must exist between the tires and the road to prevent the car from skidding as it rounds the curve?
Daniel G. A=v2r calculates centripetal acceleration. The recommended minimum friction coefficient is 0.4.
How much friction must there be at a minimum for the car to stay on the road?Of course, the car won't slide if the coefficient of friction is higher than 0.141; this is the minimum value. The frictional force is parallel to the velocity, as you can see.
What level of frictional force is needed to prevent the car from swerving?A car needs a centripetal force of mV2/R, where m is the mass of the vehicle, V is the speed, and R is the radius of the circular portion of road, in order to maintain its position on the road without skidding. Fs/Fl = 4mV2/R / 2mV2/R is obtained by dividing Fs by Fl.
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Figure 1-1 shows how a steel ball moved during an experiment. Average speed is calculated by dividing total distance by time. Did the steel ball speed up, slow down, or remain at the same speed throughout the experiment?
The ball is seen to be speeding up as the distance increases with time.
What is speed?We know that speed is the ratio of the distance to the time that is taken by the object. We know that when an object is speeding up, the distance of the object is going to increase linearly with the time taken.
If we look at the graph that has been shown in the image that is attached to this answer, we would notice that the distance that is covered is increasing with time.
The speed can then we obtained from;
Speed = [tex]y_{2} - y_{1}/x_{2} - x_{1}[/tex]
= 80 - 0/6.5 - 0
= 12.3 m/s
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