Which illness still results in occasional deaths but in the 1300s was a pandemic that killed million?
a. Plague b. Influenza c. COVID-19 d. Cancer

The article "Gandhi Urges Calm Should He Be Seized," published by the New York Times on March 22, 1922, is considered a primary source.

Primary Sources: Primary sources are original materials or firsthand accounts created or written during the time under study. They provide direct evidence or firsthand information about a particular event, person, or time period. Examples of primary sources include diaries, letters, speeches, photographs, newspaper articles from the time, official documents, and personal interviews.

In the case of the article in question, "Gandhi Urges Calm Should He Be Seized," it was published by the New York Times in 1922, which was during the lifetime of Mahatma Gandhi and at the height of his involvement in India's struggle for independence from British rule.

The article, written during the time Gandhi was active, likely contains direct quotes or information about his views on the situation. It is a contemporary account of his thoughts and actions at that specific moment, making it a primary source for studying the historical context of the time and Gandhi's perspective.

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The greatest fear of the Anti-Federalists during the Constitutional Convention and subsequent debate was the potential for an excessively powerful central government and the erosion of individual liberties.

The Anti-Federalists were a group of individuals who opposed the ratification of the United States Constitution in its original form. They believed that the proposed Constitution granted too much power to the federal government at the expense of the rights and sovereignty of the states and the people.

The Anti-Federalists were concerned that the Constitution did not include a Bill of Rights to protect individual liberties, such as freedom of speech, religion, and the right to bear arms. They feared that without explicit protections, the federal government could become tyrannical and infringe upon the rights of citizens. They argued that a strong central government could lead to a loss of local control, an expansion of federal power, and a lack of direct representation for the common people.

To address these concerns, the Anti-Federalists pushed for the addition of a Bill of Rights to the Constitution, which would explicitly enumerate and safeguard individual rights. Their fears and objections ultimately played a significant role in the adoption of the Bill of Rights, which was added to the Constitution shortly after its ratification. The Bill of Rights helped alleviate some of the concerns raised by the Anti-Federalists by placing limits on the powers of the federal government and protecting individual freedoms.

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African American slavery in the United States was racially based, chattel slavery characterized by extreme brutality and dehumanization, where enslaved individuals were considered property, had no legal rights, and their status was typically hereditary;

Slavery in the ancient world, such as in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Persia, Greece, or Rome, was more diverse and varied, with slaves being captured through warfare, debt, or as punishment, and while conditions varied, they were not solely defined by race and had some legal protections.

African American slavery in the United States was a system that specifically targeted people of African descent, exploiting them as property for economic gain. Enslaved individuals were considered legal property, with no rights or protections, and their status was often inherited, leading to generations of enslaved people. They were subjected to extreme brutality, dehumanization, and systematic oppression.

In contrast, slavery in the ancient world was not solely based on race. Slaves in ancient civilizations like Mesopotamia, Egypt, Persia, Greece, or Rome could be acquired through various means such as warfare, debt, or as punishment for crimes. While conditions for slaves varied across different societies and time periods, they were not universally subjected to the same level of dehumanization and brutality seen in African American slavery.

Additionally, the roles and jobs assigned to slaves differed. In the United States, enslaved individuals performed various tasks, both in the fields and within households. However, there was a distinction between house slaves and field slaves, with house slaves generally having better living conditions and potentially more opportunities for advancement.

In the ancient world, the roles of slaves were also diverse. They could work as agricultural laborers, artisans, household servants, or even hold administrative positions. Slavery in ancient societies often had a more nuanced social hierarchy, with some slaves occupying higher positions and having more opportunities for social mobility.

Regarding gender, both African American slavery and ancient slavery saw men and women enslaved. However, the specific roles and experiences of enslaved women differed. In the United States, enslaved women were often subjected to sexual exploitation and forced reproduction, with their children also being enslaved. In ancient societies, while women could also face sexual exploitation, their roles could extend beyond reproduction, and they could be employed in various labor-intensive tasks.

During the Civil War in the United States, enslaved individuals faced uncertainty and peril. Some sought refuge with Union forces, hoping for freedom, while others were used by the Confederacy to support their war efforts. Their lives were marked by constant fear, the threat of violence, and the desire for emancipation.

Comparatively, in Roman culture, slaves had more opportunities for manumission (being freed) and social mobility. Some slaves in Rome were able to accumulate wealth, gain education, and eventually secure their freedom, often through acts of loyalty or impressive skills. However, it is important to note that these opportunities were not available to all slaves, and the majority still faced harsh living conditions and limited rights.

In conclusion, while there are similarities and differences between African American slavery and slavery in the ancient world, the former was characterized by racial-based chattel slavery with extreme brutality and dehumanization, while the latter had a more varied and complex nature, with slaves being acquired through different means and having some legal protections. The experiences of enslaved individuals during the Civil War and in Roman culture also exhibited both shared struggles and divergent opportunities for mobility.

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William Wilberforce, a member of Parliament, played a significant role in affecting the future of slavery in Britain. His accomplishments include achieving a ban on the British slave trade in 1807 and contributing to the passing of the Slavery Abolition Act in 1833, which abolished slavery in most British territories.

However, the other options listed (a, c, and d) are not accurate representations of Wilberforce's specific achievements in relation to slavery.

William Wilberforce was a prominent British abolitionist and member of Parliament who dedicated his life to ending the slave trade and slavery itself. His most notable accomplishment came in 1807 when he successfully led the parliamentary campaign for the abolition of the British slave trade. The Slave Trade Act of 1807 made it illegal for British ships to engage in the transatlantic slave trade, effectively ending Britain's direct involvement in this brutal practice.

Furthermore, Wilberforce's efforts extended beyond the slave trade. He continued to advocate for the complete abolition of slavery in British territories. In 1833, a few years after Wilberforce's death, the British Parliament passed the Slavery Abolition Act, which emancipated all slaves in most British colonies and territories. This act marked a significant milestone in the abolitionist movement and had a profound impact on the future of slavery in Britain.

However, the other options mentioned (a, c, and d) do not accurately reflect Wilberforce's specific achievements. Wilberforce's efforts were primarily focused on the abolition of the slave trade and the institution of slavery, rather than labor in factories or penalties for runaways. Additionally, he did not play a direct role in passing amendments abolishing slavery in Northern US states in 1804.

In conclusion, William Wilberforce's lasting impact on the future of slavery in Britain can be attributed to his leadership in achieving the ban on the British slave trade in 1807 and his contribution to the passing of the Slavery Abolition Act in 1833, which led to the emancipation of slaves in most British territories. His advocacy and dedication to the abolitionist cause played a significant role in shaping the history of slavery in Britain.

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Answer:

D. prepare readers for the evidence presented in an essay.

Explanation:

its like a mini summary

bardAI

The Persians borrowed the tradition of laying out Persepolis in a rectangular grid from the ancient Mesopotamians, specifically from the Neo-Babylonian and Achaemenid Babylonian cultures.

The Neo-Babylonians, who ruled over Mesopotamia from the 7th to 6th centuries BCE, were known for their urban planning and architectural achievements. They developed a system of urban design that utilized a grid pattern, with streets intersecting at right angles, creating a rectangular layout for their cities.

When the Achaemenid Empire, led by Cyrus the Great, conquered Babylon in the 6th century BCE, they absorbed many aspects of Babylonian culture, including their architectural and urban planning practices. The Persians, who were known for their administrative skills and centralization of power, adopted the grid-based layout for the construction of their new capital city, Persepolis.

Persepolis, located in present-day Iran, was built as a ceremonial and administrative center of the Achaemenid Empire. The rectangular grid pattern was utilized in the design of the city, with structured streets and buildings arranged in a precise and ordered manner.

By borrowing the tradition of a rectangular grid from the Mesopotamians, the Persians implemented a systematic and organized approach to city planning, emphasizing efficiency and control in the layout of their capital.

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The purchase of a new jet by the Greek national airline from Boeing for $250 million would contribute $250 million to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

GDP measures the total value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders over a specific period. It includes consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports. In this case, the purchase of the new jet represents investment spending.

When the Greek national airline buys the new jet from Boeing, it involves a financial transaction in which money is exchanged for the product. This transaction contributes to GDP because it represents a tangible economic activity and the production of a durable good.

The purchase of the jet adds value to the economy in two ways. First, it reflects the production value of the jet itself, which is considered an investment in fixed capital. Second, it generates income for those involved in the production and sale of the jet, such as workers, suppliers, and shareholders.

The $250 million spent on the new jet is therefore included in the calculation of GDP as it represents a real economic activity and contributes to the overall economic output of the country. It is important to note that GDP measures the value of final goods and services, so only the value of the jet itself is counted, not any intermediate inputs used in its production.

Overall, the purchase of the new jet by the Greek national airline from Boeing adds $250 million to the GDP, reflecting the value of the investment and the economic activity associated with the transaction.

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Answer:In the 17th century, there were notable differences between American culture and European culture. Let's explore some of these differences:

1. Origins: American culture in the 17th century was primarily shaped by the colonizers who migrated from Europe, including the English, Dutch, French, and Spanish. These European settlers brought with them their own cultural traditions, languages, and religious beliefs. In contrast, European culture during this period was more diverse, encompassing various nations and regions, each with its own distinct customs and practices.

2. Indigenous Influence: American culture in the 17th century was also influenced by the indigenous peoples who inhabited the land before European colonization. Native American cultures had their own unique languages, traditions, and social structures, which influenced aspects of American culture. European culture, on the other hand, did not have such a significant indigenous influence.

3. Religion: Religion played a crucial role in shaping both American and European cultures during the 17th century. In America, the colonies were established by religious groups seeking freedom from persecution or looking to spread their own religious beliefs. For example, the Puritans who settled in New England sought to create a society based on strict religious principles. In contrast, Europe had a more diverse religious landscape, with various Christian denominations, such as Protestantism and Catholicism, coexisting alongside each other.

4. Economic Activities: Another difference between American and European culture in the 17th century was their economic activities. In America, the colonies were primarily focused on agriculture, with cash crops like tobacco and cotton being cultivated for export. European culture, on the other hand, was more industrialized and trade-oriented. Europe had well-established trade networks and developed industries, such as textiles, metalworking, and shipbuilding.

5. Social Structure: The social structure in both American and European cultures during the 17th century differed. In America, the colonies were more egalitarian compared to Europe, as they lacked the strict social hierarchies present in European societies. However, it's important to note that this varied among the different colonies, as some were more hierarchical than others. In Europe, social classes were well-defined, with nobility, clergy, and commoners occupying distinct positions in society.

It's essential to recognize that these are generalizations, and there were variations within both American and European cultures during the 17th century. Additionally, as time progressed, cultural exchange and adaptation occurred between the two regions, further blurring some of these distinctions

Explanation:

Answer:

True

Explanation:

^_^

To answer the scholarship prompt, begin with a clear introduction, focus on specific reasons, and emphasize personal growth and goals.

The scholarship requires you to provide three sentences explaining why you are pursuing your specific degree in archaeology and early world civilization through your passion for Rome, Italy. It can be challenging to condense your thoughts into such a limited space, but here are some tips to help you:

1. Start with a clear and concise introduction: Begin your response by stating your passion for archaeology and early world civilization and how it relates to your interest in Rome, Italy. This sentence should capture the essence of your motivation.

2. Focus on specific reasons: In the second sentence, highlight one or two specific reasons why you are pursuing this degree. For example, you could mention your fascination with uncovering ancient artifacts in Rome and how it contributes to understanding the history of early civilizations.

3. Emphasize personal growth and goals: In the final sentence, explain how pursuing this degree aligns with your personal growth and future aspirations. Discuss how studying archaeology and early world civilization will equip you with the knowledge and skills needed to make a meaningful contribution in the field.

In conclusion, although three sentences may seem limiting, it is possible to concisely convey your motivation for pursuing a degree in archaeology and early world civilization, focusing on your passion for Rome, Italy. By following the tips provided and being thoughtful in your response, you can effectively communicate your reasons for choosing this specific path of study.

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The dimension of personality that reflects how people in Asian cultures tend to be more concerned about the impact of their behavior on their family, friends, and social groups is collectivism.

Collectivism is a cultural trait prevalent in many Asian societies where individuals prioritize the needs and goals of the group over personal interests.

In such cultures, the emphasis is on maintaining harmony, social cohesion, and strong interpersonal relationships within the community.

This collectivist orientation influences people to consider the impact of their actions on their family, friends, and social groups before making decisions.

They value interdependence, cooperation, and conformity to social norms, fostering a sense of responsibility and interconnectedness.

In Asian cultures, collectivism is a core value that shapes various aspects of life, including social interactions, decision-making, and self-identity. The emphasis on family and community creates a strong sense of interconnectedness and interdependence.

Individuals prioritize the well-being of their close relationships and strive to maintain harmony within the group.

This collective mindset influences behaviors such as filial piety, loyalty, and maintaining social harmony.

Understanding the role of collectivism is essential to comprehending the cultural dynamics and values of Asian societies.

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Answer:Critics of capitalism have pointed out various problems with the system, but one main problem they often highlight is income inequality. Income inequality refers to the unequal distribution of wealth and resources among individuals within a society.

The critics argue that capitalism tends to concentrate wealth and power in the hands of a few, leading to a significant gap between the rich and the poor. They believe that this concentration of wealth leads to social and economic disparities, which can perpetuate poverty, hinder social mobility, and create social unrest.

Whether this problem has gotten better or worse over the years is a complex and debated topic. On one hand, proponents of capitalism argue that it has lifted millions of people out of poverty and created unprecedented economic growth, which they believe ultimately benefits society as a whole. They argue that the wealth created by capitalism can be redistributed through social welfare programs and policies to address income inequality.

On the other hand, critics argue that income inequality has been on the rise in many capitalist economies, with the rich getting richer and the poor struggling to make ends meet. They contend that structural issues within capitalism, such as unequal access to opportunities, tax loopholes, and the influence of corporate power, exacerbate income inequality.

Overall, the question of whether income inequality has gotten better or worse over the years is a matter of perspective and varies depending on the specific country and time period under consideration. It is an ongoing challenge that societies and governments continue to grapple with in order to strike a balance between economic growth and ensuring fair distribution of resources.

Explanation:

Answer: The American Civil Liberties Union

Explanation: The Scopes trial in 1925, located in Tennesse passes this law stating, " Any theory that denies the story of divine creation of man as taught in the bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals,: It was the first law passes putting teachers at risk.

Greek life reinforces an exclusive, privileged, and conformist status quo, perpetuating social hierarchies and traditional norms while limiting diversity and personal growth opportunities.

The article suggests that Greek life reinforces a status quo centered around exclusivity, privilege, and conformity. It argues that the fraternity and sorority system perpetuates a social hierarchy based on factors such as wealth, race, and gender, which can lead to the marginalization of certain groups. Greek organizations often prioritize social connections, party culture, and maintaining a particular image, while downplaying individuality and diversity.

By adhering to traditional norms and rituals, Greek life fosters a sense of conformity and perpetuates traditional gender roles. The article contends that this reinforces a narrow definition of success and limits opportunities for personal growth and development. Ultimately, the article critiques the status quo upheld by Greek life for its lack of inclusivity, diversity, and progressive values.

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During World War II, Germany gained access to and overtook Norway, Belgium, and the Netherlands through a combination of military tactics, strategic planning, and political maneuvers. The correct answer is option d: The Allied forces defending France retreated after a blitzkrieg attack on Dunkirk.

In the case of Norway, Germany invaded the country on April 9, 1940, using a combination of airborne and amphibious assaults. The surprise attack overwhelmed Norwegian defenses, and despite Norwegian and British resistance, Germany managed to gain control of key strategic locations and eventually occupied the country.

In the case of Belgium and the Netherlands, Germany launched a massive blitzkrieg offensive in May 1940. This involved rapid and coordinated air and ground attacks aimed at swiftly overcoming the enemy's defenses. The German forces achieved tactical successes, exploiting weaknesses in the Allied defenses and utilizing their superior military capabilities. The Netherlands surrendered on May 15, 1940, and Belgium followed suit on May 28, 1940.

The strategic objective of Germany's swift conquest of these countries was to secure strategic positions, gain access to important resources and industrial facilities, and facilitate further military operations. By taking control of Norway, Belgium, and the Netherlands, Germany aimed to disrupt Allied supply lines, establish air and naval bases, and expand its sphere of influence.

It is important to note that the fall of Norway, Belgium, and the Netherlands did not occur due to the surrender of Great Britain or the actions of Japan or the Soviet Union. The German military strategy and their effective use of tactics like blitzkrieg played a significant role in these conquests.

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Nearly all Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies died primarily due to diseases introduced by the Europeans.

The spread of diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza had a devastating impact on the Indigenous populations, leading to high mortality rates. Other factors such as forced labor, warfare, and displacement also contributed to the decline of Indigenous peoples, but disease was the primary cause of their mass death.

The arrival of European explorers and settlers in the Americas had a profound and tragic impact on the Indigenous populations. One of the main reasons for the near-extinction of Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies was the introduction of diseases. Indigenous populations in the Americas had not previously been exposed to diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza, and thus had no immunity to these illnesses. As a result, when Europeans arrived, they inadvertently brought these diseases with them, leading to devastating epidemics among the Indigenous communities. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of these diseases caused a significant decline in the Indigenous populations, with mortality rates often reaching catastrophic levels.

The impact of diseases on Indigenous peoples was amplified by various factors. The forced labor and harsh conditions imposed on Indigenous communities by the colonizers weakened their immune systems and made them more susceptible to diseases. Additionally, the displacement of Indigenous peoples from their ancestral lands disrupted their social structures and traditional practices, further exacerbating their vulnerability to illnesses.

While factors such as warfare, forced labor, and neglect also played a role in the decline of Indigenous populations, it was the introduction of diseases that had the most profound and devastating effect. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of these diseases led to massive death tolls, decimating entire Indigenous communities and irreversibly altering the demographic landscape of the Americas.

In conclusion, nearly all Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies died primarily due to diseases introduced by the Europeans. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza had a catastrophic impact on Indigenous populations, leading to their near-extinction. Other factors such as forced labor, warfare, and displacement contributed to their decline, but it was the introduction of diseases that was the primary cause of their mass death.

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Nearly all Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies died primarily due to diseases introduced by the Europeans.

The spread of diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza had a devastating impact on the Indigenous populations, leading to high mortality rates. Other factors such as forced labor, warfare, and displacement also contributed to the decline of Indigenous peoples, but disease was the primary cause of their mass death.

The arrival of European explorers and settlers in the Americas had a profound and tragic impact on the Indigenous populations. One of the main reasons for the near-extinction of Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies was the introduction of diseases. Indigenous populations in the Americas had not previously been exposed to diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza, and thus had no immunity to these illnesses. As a result, when Europeans arrived, they inadvertently brought these diseases with them, leading to devastating epidemics among the Indigenous communities. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of these diseases caused a significant decline in the Indigenous populations, with mortality rates often reaching catastrophic levels.

The impact of diseases on Indigenous peoples was amplified by various factors. The forced labor and harsh conditions imposed on Indigenous communities by the colonizers weakened their immune systems and made them more susceptible to diseases. Additionally, the displacement of Indigenous peoples from their ancestral lands disrupted their social structures and traditional practices, further exacerbating their vulnerability to illnesses.

While factors such as warfare, forced labor, and neglect also played a role in the decline of Indigenous populations, it was the introduction of diseases that had the most profound and devastating effect. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of these diseases led to massive death tolls, decimating entire Indigenous communities and irreversibly altering the demographic landscape of the Americas.

In conclusion, nearly all Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies died primarily due to diseases introduced by the Europeans. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza had a catastrophic impact on Indigenous populations, leading to their near-extinction. Other factors such as forced labor, warfare, and displacement contributed to their decline, but it was the introduction of diseases that was the primary cause of their mass death.

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The Populists of 1896 sought to increase the usage of silver as part of the money supply with the aim of providing debt relief to farmers and other debtors.

In their political platform, the Populists of 1896 sought to increase the usage of silver as part of the money supply. They believed that the use of silver to back currency would result in inflation and cause the prices of goods to rise. This, in turn, would help farmers who were struggling with low prices for their crops and high debts.Silver was seen as a viable alternative to gold, which was the primary backing for currency at the time.

The Populists believed that an increase in the money supply would stimulate the economy and improve conditions for the working class. However, their platform was met with opposition from business leaders and bankers who feared that an increase in the money supply would lead to inflation and an economic collapse. Despite this opposition, the Populists' call for the use of silver as part of the money supply had a lasting impact on the country's monetary policy.

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The phrase "learn revolution by making revolution" suggests a call to action for high school and/& college students to actively participate/take part in revolutionary activities.

While the statement implies that millions of students responded by leaving their classrooms and forming militia units, it is important to note that this is a hypothetical scenario and not reflective of any specific historical event or context.

In reality, the response of students to such a call would depend on various factors, including the socio-political climate, cultural values, individual beliefs, and the nature of the revolution being advocated. Student activism and involvement in revolutionary movements have occurred throughout history, but the specific actions taken and the level of participation can vary significantly.

It is worth emphasizing that any form of revolution or armed conflict carries inherent risks and ethical considerations. The decision to engage in revolutionary activities should be carefully considered, and individuals should be aware of the potential consequences, both for themselves and for society as a whole. Nonviolent forms of protest and activism also play a crucial role in advocating for change and addressing social issues.

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Complete question:

learn revolution by making revolution."" millions of high school and college students responded. they left their classrooms and formed militia units?

Among the options provided, the Civil Rights Movement did not directly challenge the mass conformity of the 1950s.

The Civil Rights Movement primarily aimed to address racial inequality and secure equal rights and opportunities for African Americans. While it challenged the existing social and political order by advocating for desegregation and equal rights, its focus was not specifically on challenging mass conformity.

Many in the 1950s strove for the comfort and conformity depicted on such TV shows as Father Knows Best and Leave It to Beaver. But despite the emerging affluence of the new American middle class, there was poverty, racism, and alienation in America that was rarely depicted on TV. The common enemies of the Soviet Union and the federal government.

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Among the options provided, the Civil Rights Movement did not directly challenge the mass conformity of the 1950s.

The Civil Rights Movement primarily aimed to address racial inequality and secure equal rights and opportunities for African Americans. While it challenged the existing social and political order by advocating for desegregation and equal rights, its focus was not specifically on challenging mass conformity.

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Answer: No

Explanation: He believed that he and the LAPD were doing the city's "most important work" and that they are only accountable to none of themselves. His troops were seen as arrogant or aggressive when it came to their policies and the aftermath was catastrophic. Alot of unarmed suspects were killed by offers whom of which rarely were held accountable for what they partook in.

Anthropologists do not agree that a comparative, cross-cultural approach is unnecessary, even if researchers are diligent in their work. Such an approach is fundamental to the field of anthropology and essential for gaining a comprehensive understanding of human societies and cultures.

Anthropology is the study of human societies and cultures, and it seeks to understand the diversity and complexity of human behavior across different contexts. A comparative, cross-cultural approach allows anthropologists to examine similarities and differences among cultures, enabling them to identify patterns, make generalizations, and draw meaningful conclusions about human behavior.

By comparing various cultures, anthropologists can uncover underlying factors that shape social practices, norms, values, and beliefs. This approach helps researchers avoid ethnocentrism, which is the tendency to evaluate other cultures based on the standards of one's own culture. Comparative analysis provides a broader perspective, allowing anthropologists to identify universal aspects of human behavior as well as cultural variations.

Additionally, a cross-cultural approach allows anthropologists to examine cultural change over time, as well as the impacts of globalization, migration, and other factors on societies. It enables the exploration of cultural diversity, the study of cultural evolution, and the understanding of how different societies adapt and interact with their environments.

In conclusion, anthropologists recognize the significance of a comparative, cross-cultural approach as it provides valuable insights into the complexity of human societies. By examining diverse cultures, anthropologists can uncover patterns, challenge assumptions, and contribute to our understanding of the human experience. Therefore, they do not consider this approach unnecessary, even if researchers are diligent in their work.

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Lincoln's inaugural address highlighted his commitment to preserving the Union and respecting the rights of states regarding slavery. However, his views on slavery would change during his presidency as he recognized the need to confront the institution for the sake of preserving the Union and ensuring equality for all.

In his inaugural address on March 4, 1861, President Lincoln made several pledges that reflected his stance on the issue of the Union and slavery. Firstly, Lincoln insisted that the Union was "perpetual" and that no state had the legal right to secede or leave the Union. This meant that he believed the Union was a unified and unbreakable entity.

Additionally, Lincoln pledged not to interfere with the institution of slavery in states where it already existed. This means that he did not intend to abolish slavery in those states and would respect their right to maintain this practice.

It's important to note that Lincoln's stance on slavery evolved over time. While he initially sought to preserve the Union and prevent the spread of slavery into new territories, his position gradually shifted towards advocating for the abolition of slavery. This culminated in the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, which declared slaves in Confederate states to be free.

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The terms that are useful for describing the luster of nonmetallic minerals include the following: Adamantine Silky Pearlescent Vitreous Dull

The luster of minerals is the way they reflect light. Luster can be broken down into two broad categories: metallic and nonmetallic.

Metallic luster minerals are shiny and reflective like metal. Nonmetallic minerals do not have this luster and are less reflective.Nonmetallic minerals can have a variety of other lusters, including adamantine, silky, pearlescent, vitreous, and dull. These terms can be used to describe the way light reflects off the mineral's surface.

Adamantine is a term used to describe a mineral's luster when it appears like a diamond's sparkle or glow. It is the brightest luster of all. Silky describes a mineral that has a smooth, soft luster that looks like silk.

Pearlescent minerals appear to be iridescent and resemble the luster of a pearl. The luster of vitreous minerals is similar to that of broken glass. Finally, dull minerals have a matte or non-reflective surface.

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Citizens of Sweden believe that legislators and leaders of their country should determine issues on the basis of  what is best.

In a representative democracy like Sweden, legislators are elected by the citizens to represent their interests and make decisions on their behalf. The expectation is that legislators should take into account the concerns and preferences of the people they represent when making decisions and creating policies.

This belief underscores the importance of legislators acting as the voice of the people and working towards the betterment of society based on the will and interests of the citizens.

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Cuicuilco and Teotihuacan were rival city-states in the Valley of Mexico in conflict with one another when Cuicuilco was destroyed by a volcanic eruption.

After Cuicuilco was destroyed, Teotihuacan became the dominant city-state in the region. Cuicuilco and Teotihuacan were both significant city-states in the Valley of Mexico, with both playing important roles in the pre-Columbian history of the region. While Teotihuacan is the more well-known of the two, Cuicuilco was also an important city-state with its own unique culture and history. However, these two city-states were not always friendly with one another. In fact, they were rivals that were in conflict when Cuicuilco was destroyed by a volcanic eruption.

The eruption of the Xitle volcano, which occurred around 200 CE, devastated the city of Cuicuilco. The city was buried under a layer of volcanic ash, destroying much of its infrastructure and causing its population to flee. This disaster had a significant impact on the region, with the power dynamics of the Valley of Mexico shifting in favor of Teotihuacan. With its main rival gone, Teotihuacan was able to expand its influence and become the dominant city-state in the region.

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Answer:

Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.

Explanation:

hope this helps! :)

The detail that supports the thesis that British imperialism and policies were having a negative effect on India is: c) "draining away of vast sums of money from India"

The detail from the excerpt that best supports the thesis that British imperialism and policies were having a negative effect on India is the mention of the "draining away of vast sums of money from India."

This suggests that the British rule resulted in a significant outflow of wealth from India to England thereby causing economic strain and contributing to India's poverty.

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Answer:Ideological Differences,Strategic and Geopolitical Interests,Nuclear Arms Race

Explanation:

The illegal excavation of antiquities is devastating for archaeological research because it results in the loss of valuable historical information and disrupts the contextual integrity of artifacts and sites.

Archaeological research relies heavily on the context in which artifacts and sites are found. The spatial relationships, associated objects, and stratigraphic layers provide crucial information about the historical, cultural, and social aspects of past civilizations. Illegal excavations, also known as looting or tomb raiding, disrupt this context by removing artifacts without proper documentation and without considering their original location within the site.

When artifacts are looted, they are often separated from their original context and provenance, which severely hampers their archaeological value. The context provides valuable insights into the purpose, use, and significance of the artifacts, helping archaeologists to reconstruct past societies and understand cultural practices. Without this contextual information, the interpretation and analysis of the artifacts become significantly compromised.

Furthermore, illegal excavations often involve destructive methods that cause irreparable damage to archaeological sites. Looters prioritize finding valuable items for the antiquities market, leading to the destruction of layers of cultural deposits and the loss of valuable archaeological data. Once the context is destroyed, it becomes impossible to recover the precise information that could have been obtained through systematic excavation and recording.

The illegal trade of antiquities further perpetuates the cycle of looting, as it provides a financial incentive for further illegal activities. Stolen artifacts end up in private collections or on the black market, making them inaccessible to researchers and depriving the public of their cultural heritage.

In summary, the illegal excavation of antiquities is devastating for archaeological research because it severs the connection between artifacts and their contextual information, hindering our understanding of the past. It also causes irreversible damage to archaeological sites, leading to the loss of valuable historical data. Efforts to combat illegal excavation and promote ethical practices in archaeological research are crucial to preserving our shared human heritage.

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TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

TCP/IP was developed during the early 1970s to support efforts to help scientists transmit data among different types of computers over long distances.  It is a set of communication protocols that allows for reliable communication between networked devices. TCP/IP was initially developed in the early 1970s to support scientists in transmitting data across various computers over long distances.

TCP/IP allows for the safe and reliable transfer of data between computer systems. It is based on the client-server model, which is the backbone of the internet. The protocol suite defines the rules for transmitting data over the internet and includes several protocols that are critical for data transfer.

TCP/IP's benefits include its reliability, speed, and flexibility. It has been the foundation of the internet's growth, providing a robust, scalable, and efficient means of transmitting data between devices. Furthermore, TCP/IP is compatible with various operating systems, allowing for cross-platform communication without any problems.

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