When a pot of liquid water is boiled, the water turns to steam and rises into the air. This is an illustration of a physical change, specifically a phase change.
When water is heated, the energy added to the water causes the water molecules to move faster and overcome the forces holding them together in a liquid state. This causes the water molecules to change into a gaseous state or steam. The water molecules have not formed a new substance, they have simply changed from a liquid to a gas. A physical change is a type of change in which a substance changes form or appearance, but not its chemical composition. Physical changes are generally reversible, meaning that the original substance can be recovered by reversing the process. Examples of physical changes include changes of state (such as melting, freezing, boiling, or condensation), changes in particle size (such as grinding or cutting a solid), and changes in particle shape or arrangement (such as bending or stretching a solid).
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g a 0.1599 gram sample containing an unknown amount of chloride is titrated with a 0.7890 m silver nitrate solution. 30.83 ml of the silver nitrate solution was required to reach the end point of the titration. what is the mass percent of chloride in the original sample?
To determine the mass percent of chloride in the original sample, we need to first calculate the amount of chloride present in the sample. We can do this by using the balanced equation for the reaction between chloride and silver nitrate:
AgNO3 + Cl- → AgCl + NO3-
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of silver nitrate used in the titration:
moles of AgNO3 = volume (L) x molarity (M) = 0.03083 L x 0.7890 M = 0.02439 moles
Next, we can use the balanced equation to find the number of moles of chloride:
moles of Cl- = moles of AgNO3 = 0.02439 moles
Finally, we can use the number of moles of chloride to calculate the mass of chloride in the sample:
mass of Cl- = moles of Cl- x molar mass of Cl- = 0.02439 moles x 35.5 g/mol = 0.868 g
To find the mass percent of chloride in the original sample, we divide the mass of chloride by the total mass of the sample and multiply by 100%.
mass percent of Cl- = (mass of Cl- / total mass of sample) x 100%
Since we don't know the total mass of the sample, we can use the mass of chloride we just calculated and the formula above to find the mass percent of chloride in the original sample.
mass percent of Cl- = (0.868 g / 0.1599 g) x 100% = 54.3%
So, the mass percent of chloride in the original sample is 54.3%.
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13 8 points
A student researches how two types of rocks are formed and records the information below.
Rock Formation
Rock 1: Formed by cooling magma
Rock 2: Formed by compacting and cementing particles together
The student claims that Rock 2 is more likely to contain a fossil than is Rock 1.
Which statement BEST describes the student's claim?
The student is correct because organisms are more likely to be preserved in sedimentary rock than in igneous rock.
The student is correct because organisms are more likely to be preserved in igneous rock than in metamorphic rock.
The student is incorrect because organisms are more likely to be preserved in igneous rock than in sedimentary rock.
The student is incorrect because organisms are more likely to be preserved in igneous rock than in metamorphic rock.
The student is correct because organisms are more likely to be preserved in sedimentary rock than in igneous rock.
What is sedimentary rock?Sedimentary rocks are formed by the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at the Earth's surface, followed by cementation. Sedimentation refers to the processes that cause these particles to settle in place. Sedimentary rocks form from previously existing rocks or fragments of once-living organisms. They form as a result of deposits accumulating on the Earth's surface. Layering or bedding in sedimentary rocks is common. Sedimentary rocks are formed by sediment accumulation. Sedimentary rocks are classified into three types. Clastic sedimentary rocks form as a result of mechanical weathering debris accumulation and lithification. Breccia, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and shale are some examples.
Here,
Because organisms are more likely to be preserved in sedimentary rock than in igneous rock, the student is correct.
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the following mechanism had been proposed for the reaction of h2(g) with icl(g). what rate law would be observed if this is the correct mechanism?
The rate law that is consistent with the proposed mechanism is [-d[H₂]/dt = k[H₂][ICl].
The sum of the two processes produces the overall reaction, which is:
H₂(g) + 2ICl(g) → 2HCl(g) + I₂(g)
We must take into account the rate-determining step, which is the step with the slowest rate, in order to derive the rate law for the total reaction. It is step 1 in this instance.
H₂(g) + ICl(g) → HI(g) + HCl(g) is the rate-determining step (g)
This step's rate rule is-d[H₂]/dt = k[H₂][ICl]
[ICl]
We can assume that the concentration of HI is always in equilibrium with the concentrations of H₂ and ICl because step 2 is quick.
Therefore, -d[H₂]/dt = k[H₂][ICl] is the rate law for the entire reaction.
Therefore, [-d[H₂]/dt = k[H₂][ICl] is the rate law that is consistent with the hypothesized mechanism.
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How many moles of Fe2O3 are formed when 4.2 moles of Fe reacts completely with oxygen?
The 2 mol Al moles of Fe2O3 are formed when 4.2 moles of Fe reacts completely with oxygen.
What is moles?
A mole is an extremely important unit of measurement for chemists. A mole of anything denotes 602,214,076,000,000,000,000,000 of that thing, just as possessing a dozen eggs denotes having twelve eggs. Chemists use moles to measure extremely small substances like atoms, molecules, and other particles.
What is oxygen?
Because oxygen contains only one type of atom, it is a chemical element, which is a type of substance. Since oxygen has an atomic number of 8, it is represented by the letter O in its formal chemical formula and has eight protons in its nucleus. In nature, molecular oxygen can be discovered.
2 mol Al, 3 mol Fe.
Therefore, 2 mol Al moles of Fe2O3 are formed when 4.2 moles of Fe reacts completely with oxygen.
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absorption of uv light in the ozone layer causes the dissociation of oxygen and ozone. which requires longer wavelength to dissociate
The dissociation of ozone layer requires longer wavelength to dissociate.
The absorption of ultraviolet (UV) light by the ozone layer is a vital part of the Earth's atmosphere, as it helps to protect our planet from the harmful rays of the sun. When UV light is absorbed by the ozone layer, it causes the dissociation of oxygen and ozone molecules.
To achieve this process, longer wavelengths of UV light are required. This is due to the fact that UV light of longer wavelengths has more energy, which is needed to break apart the molecules.
The result of this process is that the ozone layer is able to absorb more of the harmful UV radiation and protect the Earth.
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percent yield is a measure of how efficient a reaction process is in experimentation compared to theoretical calculations. percent yield is calculated by dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield, then multiplying by 100. if the percent yield of a particular reaction is 30.9 %, what is the actual yield, in grams, if the theoretical yield is calculated to be 4.39 g?
Percent yield is the percent ratio of actual yield to the theoretical yield. It is calculated to be the experimental yield divided by theoretical yield multiplied by 100%
what is theoretical yield?
Multiply the ratio by the amount of the limiting reactant in moles. The theoretical yield of the desired product in moles is the answer.This is called the theoretical yield, the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reactants. The actual yield is the amount of product that is actually formed when the reaction is carried out in the laboratory.It is the amount of product resulting from a perfect (theoretical) chemical reaction, and thus not the same as the amount you'll actually get from a reaction in the lab. Theoretical yield is commonly expressed in terms of grams or moles.To learn more about theoretical yield refers to;
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Determine whether each of the following bonds would be polar or nonpolar.
1. H-H
2. H-O
3. H-F
4. Br-Br
5. H-Cl
6. H-N
Determine the electronegativity differences and type of bond. Circle the most electronegative atom.
1. H and I
2. S and O
3. K and Br
4. Si and Cl
5. H and F
6. Se and S
1) Nonpolar bond
2) Polar bond
3) Polar bond
4) Non polar bond
5) Polar bond
6) Polar bond
What are the polar bonds?We know that the bonds can be said to be polar when the electronegativity difference between the atoms that compose the bond is high. As such, a bond that we have between two elements that are the same would be non polar.
We know that the element that would be the most electronegative would be the non metallic element that is part of the bond. The more the electronegativity difference, the more polar the bonds.
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PLEASE HELP
Look at the chemical reaction between vinegar and baking soda
C₂H₂O₂
acetic acid
+
NaHCO,
sodium bicarbonate
NaC,H,O,
sodium acetate
1. What are the reactants in the reaction?
2. What are the products in the reaction?
H₂O
water
The reactants in the reaction between vinegar and baking soda are acetic acid (C₂H₂O₂) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃).
A metathesis reaction
Reactants: acetic acid (C2H2O2) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)Products: sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2) and water (H2O)Acetic acid is the main component of vinegar, and sodium bicarbonate is the main component of baking soda. The products in the reaction are carbon dioxide (CO₂), water (H₂O), and sodium acetate (NaC₂H₃O₂). Carbon dioxide is produced when the acetic acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate, and it is released in the form of bubbles.Water is a byproduct of the reaction, and sodium acetate is produced when the acetic acid is neutralized by the sodium bicarbonate. Overall, the reaction between vinegar and baking soda is an acid-base reaction, which produces carbon dioxide, water, and sodium acetate.The reaction is a great example of how a simple combination of two household ingredients can create something amazing.To learn more about a metathesis reaction refer to:
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5 students are working together to build 5 models. All models will represent the molecular structure of sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, commonly known as baking soda. The students are using toothpicks to represent bonds and jelly beans to represent atoms.
Red jelly beans represent sodium atoms (Na) White jelly beans represent hydrogen atoms (H) Black jelly beans represent carbon atoms (C) Blue jelly beans represent oxygen atoms (O)
Directions: Identify the number of each color of jelly bean needed to make All five models of NaHCO3. For your answer: Please write down the color of the jelly bean, the element symbol and the number of jelly beans. ex. Y (He) = 3
In order to build the 5 models of sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO₃, the student requires;
5 Red jelly beans5 White jelly beans5 Black jelly beans, and 15 Blue jelly beansWhat are scientific models?A scientific model is a depiction of a set of concepts, events, or processes that is physical, mathematical, conceptual, or both.
The students need to build five models to represent the molecular structure of sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO₃.
The model is to be built from the following:
Red jelly beans represent sodium atoms
(Na) White jelly beans represent hydrogen atoms
(H) Black jelly beans represent carbon atoms
(C) Blue jelly beans represent oxygen atoms (O)
A molecule of NaHCO₃ contains 1 atom of Na, 1 atom of H, 1 atom of C, and 3 atoms of O.
Therefore, 5 models of NaHCO₃ will require 5 atoms of Na, 5 atoms of H, 5 atoms of C, and 15 atoms of O.
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liverworts are non vascular plants in what type of place do they grow?
Answer:
Worldwide in damp places
Explanation:
Liverworts, like mosses and ferns, usually occur in moist or wet, cool, shady places such as along stream banks, on the terraces above streams, cool valleys
carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years. the sample weighs 120 grams. a. how many years would it take for three-quarters of the original amount of carbon-14 in the sample to become stable?
Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years, So:
2 x 5,730 years = 11,460 years.
So it would take 11,460 years for three-quarters of the original amount of carbon-14 in the sample to become stable.
What do you mean by half-life?The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the time it takes for half of the original amount of the isotope to become stable. Therefore, the time it takes for three-quarters of the original amount of the isotope to become stable is twice the half-life, since half-life is the time for half to decay.
What are two main properties of carbon?Catenation which means self linking of carbon atoms to form long chains and Tetravalency are the two properties of carbon. This might lead to the formation of a large number of carbon compounds.
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5. SEP Synthesize Information What does the graph show about the molar volume of a gas? How is molar volume different from molar mass?
Answer: At a given temperature and pressure, one mole of any gas occupies the same volume. The molar volume is the volume occupied by one mole of any gas, at room temperature and pressure. The molar volume is equal to 24 dm3 (24,000 cm3).
Explanation: its the internet
Can someone help me find the mass of water
Heat absorbed by water
Energy released by food (calories)
Energy released by food (cal/g)
% error
The moisture content is determined as follows, (weight of the container with wet soil minus weight of the container with dry soil) divided by (weight of the container with dry soil minus weight of the container), then multiplied by 100 to express as a percentage.
How are calories consumed by water calculated?You must determine the "Q" for water or the amount of energy absorbed or given out in order to compute the energy that the water has absorbed. When calculating energy in joules or calories, multiply your answer by either 4.184 J/g Co or 1 cal/g Co.The moisture content is determined as follows, (weight of the container with wet soil minus weight of the container with dry soil) divided by (weight of the container with dry soil minus weight of the container), then multiplied by 100 to express as a percentage.The moisture content is determined as follows, (weight of the container with wet soil minus weight of the container with dry soil) divided by (weight of the container with dry soil minus weight of the container), then multiplied by 100 to express as a percentage.The complete question is,
How is water absorption calculated?
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true or false rf values should be kept in the range of 0.2 to 0.8 for the most effective separation when more than one compound is present in the sample.
The Rf values should be kept in the range of the 0.2 to 0.8 for the most effective separation when the more than one compound is present in sample. This statement is True.
The Rf value is dependent on the polarity of the compound. Polar compounds will have the lower Rf values than the nonpolar compounds under the same conditions. The Rf value is defined as the ratio in between the distance the solute travelled and the distance the solvent travelled.
Thus, this statement is true that Rf values should be kept in the range of the 0.2 to 0.8 for the most effective separation when the more than one compound is present in sample.
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the structural diversity of carbon-based molecules is determined by which properties? select all that apply.
Structural diversity of carbon-based molecules is determined by following properties:1. ability of those bonds to rotate freely,2. ability of carbon atom to form four covalent bonds,3. orientation of those bonds in the form of tetrahedron.
What is a covalent bond?Covalent bond is defined as a type of bond which is formed by the mutual sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between the two atoms.These electron pairs are called as bonding pairs or shared pair of electrons.
Due to the sharing of valence electrons , the atoms are able to achieve a stable electronic configuration . Covalent bonding involves many types of interactions like σ bonding,π bonding ,metal-to-metal bonding ,etc.
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if dry ice is compressed at a temperature below its triple point, will it melt? if not, what happens?
The triple point was also the lowest pressure where a liquid phase can coexist with a solid as well as vapor. At pressures just under 0.00604 abm, ice somehow doesn't melt to a liquid when it warms; instead, the solid sublimes straight to water vapor.
Unlike other solids, it cannot melt and instead transforms immediately into a gas. This is known as sublimation. Dry ice has a temperature of roughly -109° F! It melts quickly, so if you require dry ice for such an experimental business project, buy that as near to the time as feasible.
Any dry ice held in a closed container might pressurize the container due to the quick emission of huge amounts of CO2 gas. If the gas remains unable to escape for an extended period of time at normal room temperature, any such container could explode.
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Consider the balanced chemical equation. H2O2(aq)+3I−(aq)+2H+(aq)→I3−(aq)+2H2O(l) In the first 15. 0 s of the reaction, the concentration of I− drops from 1. 000 M to 0. 871 M. Part A Predict the rate of change in the concentration of H2O2 (Δ[H2O2]/Δt). Express the rate to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. Δ[H2O2]/Δt Δ [ H 2 O 2 ] / Δ t =
Part B Predict the rate of change in the concentration of I3− (Δ[I3−]/Δt). Express the rate to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. Δ[I3−]/Δt Δ [ I 3 − ] / Δ t =
The rate of change in concentrations of H2O2 and I3- are 2.8 x 10^-3M/s when the concentration of I− drops from 1. 000 M to 0. 871 M in 15s.
We know that the reaction rate is equal to change in concentration of reactant or product/ time taken.
The change in concentration of I− = 1.000 M - 0.871 M = 0.129M
The time taken to drop the concentration of I- (t) = 15s
Then the required reaction rate for I- = 0.129/15 = 0.0086M/s
The rate of change of concentration of H2O2 is
From the reaction: H2O2(aq)+3I−(aq)+2H+(aq)→I3−(aq)+2H2O(l)
(a) 3 moles of I⁻ are used up for every 1 mole of H2O2
Hence, the rate of change in concentration of H2O2 is:
Δ[H2O2]/Δt = 0.0086 M/sec * 1/3 = 0.00286 = 2.8 x 10^-3M/s
(b) Similarly for every 3 moles of I- 1 mole of I3- is used up. So,
The rate of change in concentration of I3- is:
Δ[I3−]/Δt = 0.0086 M/sec * 1/3 = 0.00286 = 2.8 x 10^-3M/s
Hence the rate of change in concentrations of H2O2 and I3- are same.
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The balanced equation for the reaction in this lab
is:
2Mn04- (aq) + 5H202(aq) + 6H* (aq) El 2Mn2*(aq) +
502(g) + 8H20(I)
A) Calculate the grams of H202 that were present in 1.00 mL of hydrogen peroxide solution.
B) Assume the density of the H202 solution to be 1.00 g/mL, calculate the percentage of H202 in solution.
C) The accepted percentage of hydrogen peroxide in solution is 3.00%. Calculate the percent error.
5.75 liters of 3% hydrogen peroxide solution are included by the company in the container.
What is percentage?A measurement used to determine a number's value out of 100 is the percentage.
Due to that,
Hydrogen peroxide solutions in various containers have concentrations of 35% and 3%.
Since the corporation wants an 8-liter container with a 12% hydrogen peroxide concentration.
Use the allegation and combination properties,
35 3 12
9 : 23
Total quantity equals 23x + 9x = 32x.
Since the business requests 8 liters,
Consequently, 32x = 8 x = 1/4.
The concentration of 3% hydrogen peroxide will be equal to = 23x = 23/4 = 5.75.
5.75 liters of 3% hydrogen peroxide solution are needed.
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what material is used to make a saucepan lid and why?
Answer:
Lids can be made of the same material as the pan or glass. Glass lids are made of tempered (strengthened) glass. A glass lid lets the cook watch the food cooking and usually has a reinforcing stainless steel rim.
Answer: These are most commonly made out of stainless steel or polycarbonate, as these materials can withstand a wider range of temperatures, but polypropylene and polyethylene lids are also available
Explanation:
2Cu+Cl2=2CuCl2
Write balanced half-reactions describing the oxidation and reduction that happen in this reaction
Answer:
c+cu
Explanation:
cold tcs food should be stored at an internal temperature of
Do not accept the food or throw the products away if the food temperatures fall outside of acceptable ranges or if TCS food exhibits signs of previous temperature abuse. Keep cold food at or below 41°F.
Do not accept the food or throw the products away if the food temperatures fall outside of acceptable ranges or if TCS food exhibits signs of previous temperature abuse. Keep cold food at or below 41°F. At supermarkets, eateries, and other establishments that sell ready-to-eat meals, customers are always demanding TCS food items. At the point of sale, people are pickier and look for foods from vendors they believe will provide a high-quality and safe product. Managers and employees need to be aware of all the supply chain locations where TCS foods are at risk for time and temperature excursions just for this reason.
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what best describes an aqueous solution of potassium chloride (kcl when dissolved in water becomes k and cl-)
The ions are hydrated as potassium chloride (KCl) dissolves in water. The charges on the K⁺ and Cl⁻ ions draw the polar water molecules to them.
Aqueous or molten electrolytes are available. Compounds must be dissolved in water or melted to form a liquid before electrolysis can take place. This implies that when a current is applied, the ions are free to move around.
Water is present in aqueous electrolytes. The solution formed when a chemical dissolves in water contains water. This proves that the solution contains both the ionic component and water molecules.
Ions separate out of water. The two ions that can form from water molecules are hydrogen ions (H⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻). They combine to form water molecules or H₂O.
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what are some posible benefits of creating synthetic materials from natural resources ? what might be some drawbacks?
The benefits of synthetics are numerous; they have properties not found in nature, allowing us to make things stronger, lighter, more fuel-efficient, shiner, and longer lasting. At the same time, we contribute to global pollution, have an impact on animal and human health, and require energy to produce.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of synthetic materials?The majority of synthetic fibers are pliable. Most synthetic fiber fabrics do not wrinkle easily.
Fabrics made of synthetic fibers are typically more durable, less expensive, and more widely available than natural fiber fabrics. The majority of synthetic fibers can withstand heavy loads without breaking.
Thus, The benefits of synthetics are numerous; they have properties not found in nature, allowing us to make things stronger, lighter, more fuel-efficient, shiner, and longer lasting.
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C + 2zno > CO2 + 27n
How many grams of
carbon dioxide will be
produced if 135 grams
of ZnO is completely
reacted?
36.5 g [tex]CO_2[/tex] will be produced if 135 grams [tex]ZnO[/tex] is completely reacted.
First, Write a Balanced Equation
[tex]C+2ZnO[/tex] → [tex]Co_2 +2Zn[/tex]
According to Avogadro's Law, "identical volumes contain equal quantities of molecules." This indicates that, in contrast to solids and liquids, gases have additive volumes. The mole-fraction-weighted average molecular weight is calculated by adding the molecular weights of each component. Of course, the mole fractions and the volume fractions are the same (E.V.E.N. principle.)
According to a scale where the atomic masses of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are 1, 12, 14, and 16, respectively, molecular weight is the total of all the atomic masses of the atoms that make up a molecule. For instance, water has a molecular weight of 18 (2 + 16), which is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. likewise known as molecular mass.
We know,
MW of [tex]ZnO[/tex] = 81.41 g
MW of [tex]CO_2[/tex] = 44.01 g
So, amount of [tex]CO_2[/tex] will be produced,
[tex]\frac{135*44.01}{81.41} = 36.5 g[/tex]
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What is the frequency of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 420 nm?
The frequency of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 420 nm is 8 × 10¹⁴Hz.
How to calculate frequency?Wavelength is the length of a single cycle of a wave, as measured by the distance between one peak or trough of a wave and the next.
It is often designated in physics as λ, and corresponds to the velocity of the wave divided by its frequency i.e. λ = v/f
According to this question, a wavelength of 420nm is given, which is equivalent to 4.2 × 10-⁷m.
4.2 × 10-⁷m = 3 × 10⁸/f
f = 3 × 10⁸ ÷ 4.2 × 10-⁷
f = 8 × 10¹⁴Hz
Therefore, 8 × 10¹⁴Hz is the frequency of the wave.
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A hydrated sample of sodium acetate is found to have a molar mass of 263. 183g. How many water molecules are associated with each sodium acetate?
A hydrated sample of sodium acetate is found to have a molar mass of 263. 183g. water molecules are associated with each sodium acetate 1000mL/L of sodium acetate make up the bulk.
sodium volume in mL, molar mass, and molarity = \s1000 \s500 \s \s ×0.375×82.0245=15.38. g.The number of moles per litre is the molarity of a solution. In 500 ml, you have 0.75 moles. As a result, you have 0.75 moles per liter, or 1.5 moles per liter, or one pound. A hydrated sample of sodium acetate is found to have a molar mass of 263. 183g. water molecules are associated with each sodium acetate 1000mL/L of sodium acetate make up the bulk.The mass percentage of water in a 20% solution with 100g of water is equal to 100 - 20%, or 80%. <br> 100 grams of the solution, or 80%, 100% of the answer is equal to "(100)/(80)" gram. 20% of the answer is equal to (100/(80) xx 20) = 25 grams. Therefore, 25 grams of sodium sulphate are required to make a 20% (w/w) solution in 100 g of water.
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injecting chaulmoogra oil caused painful bubbles that further damaged extremely fragile skin. in terms of solubility, why is this?
Chaulmoogra oil is insoluble in water, which can cause it to form painful bubbles on the skin when injected.
Chaulmoogra oil is an essential oil that has been used historically as a treatment for skin conditions such as leprosy. However, because the oil is not soluble in water, it can be difficult to administer. When it is injected, the oil droplets can form bubbles in the water-based tissue of the skin, causing pain and further damage to already fragile skin.
Additionally, because the oil droplets do not readily mix with the surrounding tissue, they can remain in pockets, leading to irritation and inflammation. This is why chaulmoogra oil is not widely used as a treatment today and have been replaced with other forms of treatment.
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which flask will have the greatest number of colli- sions per second with the walls of the container?
The flask will have the greatest number of collisions per second with the walls of the container is Flask A: CO at 760 torr and 0 °C.
The Collision of the molecules with the wall of the container will be depend on the pressure. Therefore, the flask with the highest pressure have the greatest no of the collisions. As flask A has the highest pressure of 760 torr, Therefore, the flask A has the greatest number of the collusions per second with the walls of the container.
Thus the flask A with CO gas will have the greatest number of collisions per second with the walls of the container.
This question is incomplete, the complete question is :
Consider three identical flasks filled with different gases.
Flask A: CO at 760 torr and 0 °C
Flask B: N₂ at 250 torr and 0 °C
Flask C: H₂ at 100 torr and 0 °C
which flask will have the greatest number of collisions per second with the walls of the container?
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When 2.25 g of Sodium Chloride reacts with excess Silver Nitrate, 3.45 g of precipitate is formed (Which is Silver Chloride). What is the percent of yield?
Taking into account definition of percent yield, when 2.25 g of Sodium Chloride reacts with excess Silver Nitrate, 3.45 g of precipitate is formed and the percent yield is 62.5%.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
NaCl + AgNO₃ → NaNO₃ + AgCl
By reaction stoichiometry, the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
NaCl: 1 moleAgNO₃: 1 moleNaNO₃: 1 moleAgCl: 1 moleThe molar mass of the compounds is:
NaCl: 58.45 g/moleAgNO₃: 169.87 g/moleNaNO₃: 85 g/moleAgCl: 143.32 g/moleBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
NaCl: 1 mole ×58.45 g/mole= 58.45 gramsAgNO₃: 1 mole ×169.87 g/mole= 169.87 gramsNaNO₃: 1 mole ×85 g/mole= 85 gramsAgCl: 1 mole ×143.32 g/mole= 143.32 gramsDefinition of theoretical yieldThe theoretical yield of a reaction is the amount of product that would be expected to be obtained from a reaction taking into account the ideal stoichiometry, ignoring side reactions, reversibility, losses, etc.
Theoretical yield of AgClThe following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 58.45 grams of NaCl form 143.32 grams of AgCl, 2.25 grams of NaCl form how much mass of AgCl?
mass of AgCl= (2.25 grams of NaCl× 143.32 grams of AgCl)÷ 58.45 grams of NaCl
mass of AgCl= 5.52 grams
Then, the theoretical yield of AgCl is 5.52 grams.
Definition of percent yieldThe percent yield is the ratio of the actual return to the theoretical return expressed as a percentage and it is calculated as the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%:
percent yield= (actual yield÷ theoretical yield)× 100%
Percent yield for the reaction in this caseIn this case, you know:
actual yield= 3.45 gramstheorical yield= 5.52 gramsReplacing in the definition of percent yield:
percent yield= (3.45 grams÷ 5.52 grams)× 100%
Solving:
percent yield= 62.5%
Finally, the percent yield for the reaction is 62.5%.
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what are the five major factors that affect reaction rate?
Nature of reactants, Concentration of reactants, Catalyst, Temperature, Exposure of light.
1) Reactant nature: The reaction rate is influenced by the reactants' physical characteristics, size, and chemical make-up.
2) Reactant concentration: As the reactant concentration rises, there are more collisions and more opportunities for effective collisions, which raises the rate.
3) Reaction rates may be accelerated by a positive catalyst or slowed down by a negative catalyst.
4) The pace of reaction is quadrupled or doubled when the temperature rises due to an increase in the number of effective collisions.
5) The rate of a photochemical reaction is dependent on the amount of light that is shining on the reacting mixture.
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