Heterochromatin is a tightly compacted form of chromatin that exists in the nucleus of cells, particularly in eukaryotic organisms.
The correct answer is option A)
It's a type of chromatin that is dense and dark under a microscope, and it contains a small amount of genetic material as compared to euchromatin.RNA polymerase access to heterochromatinRNA Polymerase has no access to heterochromatin, which is a tightly compacted form of chromatin that is usually inaccessible to transcription factors or RNA polymerase. Heterochromatin is distinguished from the more loosely packed euchromatin by its high concentration of the histone H3 variant known as H3K9me3, which is bound by the heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1).
This protein is critical for heterochromatin assembly and its maintenance .Because of the tightly packed nature of heterochromatin, it's inaccessible to transcription factors, and RNA polymerase II, which needs to access DNA for transcription to occur. As a result, genes situated in heterochromatic regions are typically silenced, and they don't express or only express at low levels.
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