The velocity of the flare is -92 feet per second while it is going toward the earth, in accordance with the question.
What does physics define as velocity?The direction of a body or object's movement is defined by its velocity. In its basic form, speed is a scalar number. In essence, the velocity is a vector quantity. It is the speed at which distance changes. It is the displacement change rate.
Briefing:We determine the speed at this time after first determining t.
131 = -3t^2 + 100t + 3
-3t^2 + 100t - 128 = 0
-(3t - 4)(t - 32) = 0
t = 4/3, 32
At 32, the flare will be released.
s'(t) = -6t + 100
s'(32) = -6(32) +100 = -92
The velocity is 92 ft/sec down.
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The complete question is-
In a scene from the Martin Matt Damon shoots a flare straight up into the sky. The height( in feet) of the flare after t seconds is given by
s(t)= -3t squared + 100t + 3
What is the velocity of the flare when it is moving toward the ground and its position is equal to 131 feet?
if you triple the distance between two point charges, by which factor does the force between the particles change?
Coulomb's Law states that the force exerted on two electrostatic force is inversely correlated to their square of distance. As a result, is if distance is quadrupled, it force will be nine times weaker.
What is the definition of force?The meaning of force in physics is: This press or pull on a massed object changes its velocity. An external force is an agent that has the power to alter the resting or moving condition of a body. It does have a trajectory and a magnitude.
Which two types of force are there?Contact forces & react at a range forces are the two different types of forces. Your daily use of force is evident. Basically, push and pull are forces. You exert force on an object when you push against it or pull against it.
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) suppose the distance to the moon were twice its actual value. could we still have solar eclipses? if so, what type(s)?
Answer:
I think we still could have solar eclipse but with it blocking sun by being more small
if two objects, a and b, of different temperatures come into direct contact, what is the relationship between the heat lost by one and the heat gained by the other? what is the relationship between the temperature changes of these two objects?
The heat lost by one object is equal to the heat gained by the other.
What is heat?
heat is the energy that moves from one body to another when temperatures are different. Heat flows from the hotter to the colder body when two bodies with various temperatures are brought together. Usually, but not always, this energy transfer results in a rise in the temperature of a colder body and a fall in the temperature of a hotter body. By transitioning from one physical state (as well as phase) to another, such as from a phase from solid to liquid (melting), from the a solid to the a vapour (sublimation), from the a liquid to a vapour (boiling), either from one solid form to another, a substance can absorb heat without increasing in temperature.
This is because of the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. As a result, the temperature of both objects will change until they reach the same equilibrium temperature. This is known as the law of thermal equilibrium, which states that the temperature of any two objects in thermal contact will eventually reach the same temperature.
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What can happen to solar radiation when it enters Earth’s atmosphere?
It is reflected by the surface of the Earth, reflected by clouds, and upper atmosphere.
What is Earth-Atmosphere Energy?The energy balance between the earth and atmosphere is reached when the energy from the Sun equals the energy that is lost by the Earth back into space. When it reaches the Earth, a portion of it is absorbed by the atmosphere, a portion is reflected back into space by clouds, and a portion is absorbed at the planet's surface. The Earth emits lesser (long wavelength) infrared light than the Sun because it is much cooler than otherwise.
The various surfaces that the solar radiation comes into contact with provide it the opportunity to undergo a variety of varied experiences. When solar radiation strikes the Earth, some of it is absorbed by the planet and some is reflected back into space.
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if every sun-like star had an earth-like planet in an earth-like orbit, how many could be detected by a transit?
If every sun-like star had an earth-like planet in an earth-like orbit, then the transit would be 1 in 200.
Explain in detail.
The transit technique has been used to find the majority of known exoplanets. When a planet passes in front of an observer and a star, it is said to be transiting. When Venus or Mercury pass in front of Earth and the Sun, transits inside our solar system can be seen from the planet.Less than 1% of the stars Kepler will observe are located within 600 light-years of Earth. Kepler cannot witness the transits necessary to find planets the size of Earth from stars more than 3,000 light years away because to their faintness.To know more about Kepler here
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The need to extend the model A. The circuit at right contains three identical bulbs and an ideal battery. Assume that the resistance of the switch, when closed, is negligible. Use the model we have developed to Ope Sw * predict the relative brightness of the bulbs in the circuit with the switch closed. Explain. predict how the brightness of bulb A changes when the switch is opened. Explain in Show that a simple application of the model for current that we have developed thus far is inadequate for determining how the brightness of bulb B changes when the switch is opened B
The brightness of a bulb connected to two parallel cells is equivalent to that of a bulb connected to one cell. The voltage is 1.5 V in both instances.
The lifespan of two parallel cells is double that of a single cell. A bulb with two cells connected in series will be brighter but last the same amount of time as one cell. shutoff switch Shorting off bulb A from the circuit. As a result, the overall resistance is reduced, the current is raised, and bulb D becomes brighter. So, turn off all 4 switches to boost D's brightness. The amount of electricity passing through the bulb determines how bright it is. The brightness would grow when the current was raised. As current increases, the brightness of the light the bulb emits also increases.
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The expansion of the universe after its origin takes place by a phenomenon called.
Expansion of the universe after its origin takes place by a phenomenon called inflation.
What is inflation?In physical cosmology, a theory of exponential expansion of space in the early universe is called inflation.
Prior to the Big Bang, the universe underwent a breathtaking cosmic expansion, doubling in size in a fraction of a second. This rapid inflation, fueled by energy that permeated empty space and left the universe desolate and cold.
The Big Bang theory explains how the universe got from the hot dense state of the early universe to the cold dense state whereas cosmic inflation is an explanation of some properties of the cosmic microwave background radiation.
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What can happen to solar radiation when it enters Earth’s atmosphere?
When solar radiation is enters Earth’s atmosphere it absorbed or reflected as it travels to the earth's surface.
What is Solar Radiation?The electromagnetic radiation that the sun emits is known as solar radiation, sometimes referred to as the solar resource or just sunshine. With the use of various technologies, solar radiation may be absorbed and converted into usable forms of energy like heat and electricity.
When solar radiation penetrates the earth's atmosphere, it travels and collides with the ground. The earth absorbs some of the rays, while the remainder are reflected back into the atmosphere. A layer of gas called a blanket of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorbs some of the reflected rays, while a minute fraction escapes back into space.
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If one of the rocks that you were analyzing for density suddenly split in two, and you were only able to measure the mass and volume of a smaller piece, would that change the outcome of your calculation?.
The answer is C) No, and that is called an intensive property.
What is mass?mass is a very large amount of number or something.
Intensive properties are those that do not depend on the mass or size of a body. If the system is divided into several subsystems its value will remain unchanged, therefore they are not additive
Examples of intensive properties are elasticity, speed, specific volume (volume occupied by the unit of mass), density, boiling point, melting point, viscosity, hardness, concentration, solubility, odor, color, taste, conductivity, porosity, pressure, temperature, etc., in general, all those that characterize a substance distinct from others.
For instance if we have a liter of water, your boiling point is 100 °C (at 1 pressure atmosphere). If another liter of water is added, the new system, made up of two liters of water, has the same boiling point as the original system. This illustrates the non-additivity of intensive properties.
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how much heat (in kj) is required to warm 15.0 g of ice, initially at to steam at . the heat capacity of ice is , and that of steam is .
The ice must be warmed with 4.719 kJ of heat.
How do you calculate heat to melt ice?Let's have a look at the energy required to melt one kilogramme of ice at absolute zero to create one kilogramme of water at absolute zero. We determine that Q = mLf = (1.0 kg)(334 kJ/kg) = 334 kJ is the energy required to melt a kilogramme of ice using the equation for a change in temperature and the value for water from Table 1.The quantity of heat energy required to transform materials from a solid to a liquid is known as the heat of fusion (melting.)The heat of fusion calculation formula is q = mHf.2090 Joules/kg C is the specific heat of ice.Given data :
The mass of ice is, m = 10.0 g.The initial temperature is, T = - 10 degree Celsius.The final temperature is, T' = 110.0 degree Celsius.The heat capacity of ice is, c = 2.09 J/g C.The heat capacity of steam is, c' = 2.01 J/g C.When ice absorbs heat, the conversion takes place from ice to water (liquid) and from the liquid to steam at 110 degree Celsius. So,
The amount of heat absorbed is given as,
Q = m[c(T' - T) + c'T']
Q = 10 [ 2.09 ( 110 - ( -10) + ( 2.01 x 110) ]
Q = 4719 J
Convert in kJ as,
Q = 4719/1000
Q = 4.719 kJ
Thus, we can conclude that the amount of heat required to warm the ice is 4.719 kJ.
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a circular curve of highway is designed for traffic moving at 60 km/h. (a) if the radius of the curve is 150 m, calculate the correct angle of banking of the road. (b) if the curve were not banked, calculate the minimum coefficient of friction between tires and road that would keep traffic from skidding at this speed.
The angle of banking of the road is 11° and The minimum coefficient of friction between tires and road is 0.19
The attached free-body diagram to the query illustrates the forces operating on the car if the road is banked at an angle without utilizing friction (i.e., frictionless road).
mg = N cos θ (Eqn 1)
mg = weight of the car.
N = normal reaction of the plane on the car
And in the direction parallel to the inclined plane,
(mv²/r) = N sin θ (Eqn 2)
(mv²/r) = force keeping the car in a circular motion
Divide (Eqn 2) by (Eqn 1)
(v²/gr) = Tan θ
v = velocity of car = 60 km/h = 16.667 m/s
g = acceleration due to gravity
r = 150 m
(16.667²/(9.8×150)) = Tan θ
θ = Tan⁻¹ (0.18896)
θ = 10.7° ≈ 11°
b) In the absence of banking, the force maintaining the car in a circular motion must be balanced by the frictional force of the road.
That is,
Fr = (mv²/r)
Fr = μN = μ mg
μ mg = mv²/r
μ = (v²/gr) = (16.667²/(9.8×150)) = 0.19
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which properties of our universe are well-explained by the standard big bang model, and which properties are not well-explained?
The universe's mass-energy density would be similar to the critical density based on the characteristics, which are comparative abundances of the exceptionally light elements.
What are properties in science?Properties are the features that allow us to distinguish between different types of materials. A feature of material that is unrelated to its chemical makeup is called a physical property. Attributes include things like density, color, hardness, melting and liquid and a gas, and electrical conductivity.
What do you mean properties?Anything that a individual or a company has legal ownership is considered property. Property can relate both to real objects, like homes, automobiles, or appliances, as well as intangible items with the potential for future value, like stock and bond certificates.
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consider a piezoelectric common rail injector. what happens to the actuator when current is initially applied to the crystals?
According to the piezoelectric actuator's operating principle, when voltage is applied, the piezoelectric actuator produces a little displacement with a large amount of force.
As a result, they are utilized in a variety of applications such as ultra-precize positioning, high force handling, and force generating under fixed or dynamic settings. The Piezoelectric Injector is crucial to the operation of contemporary common rail technology. In Piezo diesel injectors, when an electrical voltage is applied, Piezo crystals slightly expand, changing their structural properties in less than a thousandth of a second. Electric potential difference between two sites is referred to as voltage, also known as electric pressure, electric tension, or (electric) potential difference. The work required to transport a unit of charge in a static electric field correlates to this.
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when an inductor and a resistor are connected in parallel, how many degrees out of phase are the current flow through the resistor and the current flow through the inductor?
Its current flow through resistor and the flow of current through the inductor are 90 degrees out of phase whenever an inductor and just a resistor are coupled in parallel.
What is a resistor used for?An resistor is an electrical component that regulates or limits the amount of electrical current that can flow through a connection in an electronic gadget. Resistors can be used to deliver a certain voltage to the an active element like a transistor.
What is resistor and its unit?The electricity cannot travel because a resistor, a weak electrical component, introduces resistance. Almost all circuits or electrical networks have them. Resistance is measured in ohms ().
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a certain kind of glass has an index of refraction of 1.650 for blue light of wavelength 430 nm and an index of 1.615 for red light of wavelength 680 nm. if a beam containing these two colors is incident at an angle of 30.00° on a piece of this glass, what is the angle between the two beams inside the glass?
The angle between the two beams inside the glass is 0.38⁰.
What is the angle between the two beams inside the glass?The angle between the two beams inside the glass is calculated by applying the following formula.
Let the angle of refraction of the red light = θ₁
Let the angle of refraction of the blue light = θ₂
The difference in the angle of refraction of the red light and the blue light is calculated as;
Δθ = θ₁ - θ₂
Δθ = arc sin(sinθ₁ / n₁) - arc sin(sinθ₂/n₂)
where;
n₁ is the refractive index of the red light n₂ is the refractive index of the blue lightΔθ = arc sin(sin30 / 1.615) - arc sin(sin30/1.650)
Δθ = 0.376⁰
Δθ ≈ 0.38⁰
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if the work done by a battery to move a unit charge through the battery from one terminal to the other is doubled, what is the effect on the battery's emf?
The emf is doubled
The change in electric potential energy of a charge is equal to the work done by a battery to carry a unit charge across the battery from one terminal to the other, hence it may be expressed as
w=qΔV
where
The charge is q.
ΔV is the difference in potential that the charge has traveled through.
The potential difference is equal to the battery's emf because the charge is flowing through the battery e, which means.
W=qe (1)
We are informed in this issue that the battery's output has increased, so
w'=2W
We can see from eq. (1) that the battery's emf is proportional to the work performed; as a result, when the work doubles, so does the battery's emf.
What is potential difference?
The difference in charge carriers energy between two places in a circuit is known as the potential difference.
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two charged particles 1 m apart exert a 1-n force on each other. if the magnitude of each charge is doubled, the force on each particle will be
4F will be force if the magnitude of each charge is doubled,
F=q1q2/r²
F1=2q12q2/r²= 4F
An object experiences a push or a pull when it interacts with another thing. When two items come into touch, a force is applied to each object. The force between the two items is gone after the encounter. Forces do not exist independently; they are only interactions.
Contact forces are produced when two things interact and appear to be in physical contact with one another. Frictional forces, tensional forces, normal forces, air resistance forces, and applied forces are a few examples of contact forces. Action-at-a-Distance forces are still there even when two interacting objects are separated from one another by a great distance.
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the sun is a little over 100 times larger than the earth. so, if the earth was the width of a paperclip, then the sun would be
If the Sun is around 100 times larger, then 100 times the width of a paperclip is about a meter or 3 feet or the height of a standard table.
Our Sun is 864,000 miles in diameter and 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit on the surface whereas 7,917.5 miles in diameter and 57 degrees Fahrenheit on surface.
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. Its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth, comprising about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System.The Sun is a G-type main-sequence star (G2V).The central mass became so hot and dense that it eventually initiated nuclear fusion in its core.
Earth is the third planet from the Sun. The atmosphere of the Earth consists mostly of nitrogen and oxygen.It is the densest planet in the Solar System.
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rank the block based on its electrical resistance along the three illustrated coordinate directions (x, y, and z).
The resistance is halved and ranking is y, z, x
Let x. = 3 cm., y = 10 cm., z. = 4 cm.
resistance is proportional to L/A where L is the length along the current, A is the area of cross section,
along x direction: L = x, A = yz, so L/A = x/yz = 3/40 = 0.075
along y direction: L = y, A = xz, so L/A = y/xz = 10/12 = 0.833
along z direction: L = z, A = xy, so L/A = z/xy = 4/30 = 0.133
a) rank: y, z, x
Depending on its shape and the material it is made of, an object's resistance varies. We can learn more about the resistance of more complex shapes by using the straightforward analysis of the cylinder resistor in Figure 1. The cylinder's electric resistance R, which is comparable to a pipe's resistance to fluid flow, is directly proportional to its length L, as one might anticipate. More collisions will occur between charges and its atoms the longer the cylinder is. A cylinder's capacity to carry more current increases with its diameter. The cylinder's cross-sectional area A and R are actually inversely proportional.
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If you are parking with your vehicle facing uphill on a road with a curb, you should turn your wheels in what direction?.
When you park and your vehicle is facing uphill and there is no curb, your wheels should be turned so that they point towards the side of the road .
If your vehicle rolls backward since , it is on a hill and it can roll back , you don’t want it rolling into traffic.So you would turn your wheels towards the road so if the car rolls back it will go onto the ditch, or onto someone’s lawn and not into moving traffic.If it ended up getting into the traffic it will be more dangerous for your car as well as for the other cars as it will increase the possibility of accident and cars can get damaged and you also will probably be held liable for the damage to the other car as well, so it is better if it rolls off of the roadway .To know more about curbs visit:
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The light energy that falls on a square meter of ground over the course of a typical sunny day is about 20 MJ . The average rate of electric energy consumption in one house is 1.0 kW .
Part A got answer for part A and is correct
On average, how much energy does one house use during each 24 hr day?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
=86 MJ
Part B
If light energy to electric energy conversion using solar cells is 15%efficient, how many square miles of land must be covered with solar cells to supply the electrical energy for 250,000 houses? Assume there is no cloud cover. A=___________mi^2
86.4×10^6 joule is energy does one house use during each 24 hr day.
20 MJ of light energy
Consumption of electricity is 1 kW.
The energy consumption lasts for 24 hours.
energy=power×time
energy=10^3×24×3600
energy=86.4×10^6 joule
Energy in physics is the ability to perform work. Different shapes, such as potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, radioactive, etc., may be assumed by it. Other examples of energy being transferred from one body to another include heat and work. Energy is always distributed after it has been transported in accordance with its type. Thus, heat transfer could result in thermal energy, whereas work could result in mechanical energy.
Motion is a trait shared by all forms of energy. For instance, if a body is moving, it has kinetic energy. Due to the object's design, which incorporates potential energy, a tensioned object, like a spring or bow, has the ability to move even when at rest.
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magnetic resonance imaging needs a magnetic field strength of 1.5 t. the solenoid is 1.8 m long and 75 cm in diameter. it is tightly wound with a single layer of 2.0-mm-diameter supercon- ducting wire. what size current is needed?
The current required for MRI of strength has 5.67A.
A patient is positioned inside a large magnet for the purpose of obtaining an MRI image, and they are required to maintain extreme stillness throughout the imaging procedure to prevent image blurring.
A patient may receive intravenous contrast materials (often containing the element gadolinium) before or during the MRI to hasten the rate at which protons realign with the magnetic field.
The image becomes brighter as the protons realign more quickly.
B=1.5T
l=1.8m
a=2mm=0.02m
[tex]i=\frac{2dB}{y}[/tex]
=2 x 0.02 x 1.5/1.8
=5.67A
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if the coefficient of kinetic friction between tires and dry pavement is 0.83, what is the shortest distance in which you can stop an automobile by locking the brakes when traveling at 21.2 m/s ?
The shortest distance required to to stop the automobile by locking the brakes is 27m.
The coefficient of friction is 0.83 between tires and dry pavement.
We have to find the shortest distance in which the automobile should come to stop from 21.2m/s.
The net acceleration of the automobile is,
a = Fr/m
Fr is the frictional force,
m is the mass of the body,
a= ug
g is the gravitational acceleration.
Putting values,
a = 0.93 x 9.8
a = 8.31 m/s².
Now, using the equation of motion,
V² - U² = 2as
s is the stopping distance,
V is the final speed,
U is the initial speed,
a is the acceleration of the automobile.
Putting values,
(21.2)² = 2 x 8.13 x s
s = 27m.
So, the stopping distance of the automobile is 27m.
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a force of 30 n acts on a 2 c charge in a 5 t magnetic field. if the charge is moving perpendicularly to the field, how fast is it moving?
The velocity by which charge is moving is 3m/sec if a force of 30N acts on it in a 5Tesla magnetic field.
We know very well that a moving charge can produce both magnetic field and electric field. Static charge is only able to produce electric field.
Moving charge has velocity due to that it is able to produce magnetic field.
Now, direction of charge is very important as it will decide whether force act on the charge applied by the magnetic field or not.
Now, We know very well that force exerted by magnetic field on the charge is given by(F)=qvBsinθ where
q is the amount of charge,
v is the velocity of charge
F is the amount of force
B is the amount of magnetic field and
sinθ is the angle made by the charge with the plane of magnetic field.
Since charge is moving perpendicularly to the field, therefore value of sinθ=1
Now, F=qvBsinθ
=>v=F/qvBsinθ
=>v=30/(2×5×1)
=>v=30/10
=>v=3m/sec
Hence, velocity of charge is 3m/sec.
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a 34 kg child is riding a playground merry-go-round that is rotating at 15 rev/min. what centripetal force must she experience to stay on the ride if she is 1.2 m from its center?
100.56N to maintain her position. A force that causes a body to maintain a curved path is known as a centripetal force. .
What is the centripetal force calculation formula?The formula for centripetal force is supplied by the mass, velocity, and radius. f c = m v 2 / r. Where m = mass; v = velocity; and r = radius, fc = centripetal force. We must be aware that this formula resembles the traditional formula for the force in several ways.
Briefing:Given
The child's mass= (34 kg)
Weight (mg)= (34x9.8=333.2N)
And distance from the center
(w=215/60=1.570),
The distance from the center is 1.2 meters.
She applies centripetal force of
F=m(w)*2xr
F=34x(1.570)*2x1.2
F=100.56N to maintain her position.
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what total volume of steel can be used in making the drum if the gasoline-filled drum is to float in fresh water?
The total volume of steel can be used in making the drum if the gasoline-filled drum is to float in fresh water is 9 L
How to calculate total volume of steel can be used in making the drum if the gasoline-filled drum is to float in fresh water?The space occupied within an object's borders in three dimensions is referred to as its volume. It is referred to as the object's capability on occasion.
Assuming that gasoline has a density of 750 kg/m3 and steel has a density of 7800 kg/m3 as the density of gasoline is not specified.
There are 2 constraints: 1. volume of steel + volume of gasoline = volume of water and at the threshold of sinking, 2. mass of steel + mass of gasoline = mass of water
240L * 1m³ / 1000L = 0.240 m³
first: Vs + Vg = Vw = Vs + 0.240m³
second: ρs*Vs + ρg*Vg = ρw*Vw → substitute for Vw, Vg and all the densities
7800*Vs + 750*0.240 = 1000*(Vs + 0.240) (7800 - 1000)*Vs = 240 - 750*0.240 Vs = 60 / 6800 = 0.00882 m³ = 8.82 L ≈ 9 L
Therefore total volume of steel can be used in making the drum if the gasoline-filled drum is to float in fresh water is 9 L
The complete question is : Because gasoline is less dense than water, drums containing gasoline will float in water. suppose a 240-l steel drum is completely full of gasoline. part a what total volume of steel can be used in making the drum if the gasoline-filled drum is to float in fresh water?
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true or false? an air-conditioning system changes the temperature of the air, but does nothing to clean the air
It is true that an air-conditioning system changes the temperature of the air, but does nothing to clean the air.
How does air conditioning system operate?An air conditioner is a system that is used to cool down a space by removing heat from the space and moving it to some outside area. The cool air can then be moved throughout a building through ventilation.
The air-conditioning system helps keep our environment to our desired temperature. Cooling is generally achieved in the air conditioning system through a refrigeration cycle, but sometimes evaporation or free cooling is employed.
Therefore, it can be said that an air conditioner only regulates ambient temperature but does not purify the air.
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considering higher frequencies, what is the next frequency that will be canceled out upon reflection with this distance between rows?
283.33Hz is the next frequency that will be canceled out upon reflection with this distance between rows.
How might you define frequencies?The number of waves that pass through a fixed location in a specific amount of time is known as frequency. As a result, if a wave travels for 1/2 second, the frequency is 2 per second. 100 times per hour is the frequency if it takes 1/100 of an hour.
Given,
L = 1.5
n = 2
Vs = 340
By using following formula calculate λ:
L = (n+1/2)λ/2
1.5 = (2+1/2)λ/2
1.5 = 5λ/4
λ = 1.5×4/5
λ = 1.2
By using following formula calculate frequency:
Vs = fλ
f = 340/1.2
f = 283.33Hz.
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a distant quasar shows a large redshift -- one so large, in fact, that the features we now see in the visible-light region of the spectrum would be invisible to us, were it not for the redshift. what band of the electro-magnetic spectrum were these features most likely in, before the spectrum was redshifted?
Answer:
Explanation:
find q1 , the volume of fluid flowing into the pipe per unit of time. this quantity is also known as the volumetric flow rate. express the volumetric flow rate in terms of any of the quantities given in the problem introduction.
The q1 is the pipe diameter, v is the velocity of the fluid, and π is the constant 3.14.
What is velocity?
When an object is moving, its velocity is indeed the direction it is moving in as a measure of how quickly its position is changing as seen from a specific point of view and so as measured by a specific unit of time, such as 60 km/h in a northerly direction. Kinematics, the area of classical mechanics which studies how bodies move, uses the concept of velocity as a fundamental building block. It takes both direction and magnitude to define velocity, a physical vector quantity. Speed is a coherent derived unit that expresses the scalar absolute value (amplitude) of velocity. Its quantity is expressed in SI (metric system) units of meters per second (m/s or ms1). The terms "5 metres per second" and "5 metres per second east," for instance, denote scalar and vector, respectively.
The volumetric flow rate can be expressed in terms of the pipe diameter, the velocity of the fluid, and the cross-sectional area of the pipe.
Volumetric flow rate = (cross-sectional area)(velocity)
Volumetric flow rate = (π x (q1/2)²) x v
where q1 is the pipe diameter, v is the velocity of the fluid, and π is the constant 3.14.
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