The ratio of ocean evaporation that falls as precipitation on land compared to runoff from land to the oceans is approximately 0.36.
This means that about 36% of the water that evaporates from the oceans falls as precipitation on land, while the remaining 64% runs off back into the oceans.The ratio of ocean evaporation that falls as precipitation on land compared to runoff from land to the oceans can vary depending on a variety of factors such as climate, topography, vegetation, and land use. In general, the ratio is estimated to be around 0.36, meaning that about 36% of the water that evaporates from the oceans falls as precipitation on land, while the remaining 64% returns to the oceans as runoff from the land. However, this ratio can be much lower in arid regions with high evaporation rates and low precipitation, or much higher in areas with high rainfall and steep topography that results in more runoff. It's important to note that these ratios are only estimates and can vary significantly depending on the specific conditions of each region.
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Which of the following best explains why geographers would expect two large urban areas in close proximity to one another to have extensive interactions, such as frequent airline flights between the cities?Rank-size rulePrimate cityCentral place theoryGravity modelThreshold population
why geographers would expect two large urban areas in close proximity to one another to have extensive interactions, such as frequent airline flights between the cities, is the Gravity Model.
The Gravity Model predicts the interaction between two places based on their size (population) and distance from each other. Larger cities and closer proximity result in more interactions and connectivity, such as frequent airline flights.The most likely explanation for extensive interactions between two large urban areas in close proximity to one another is the gravity model. According to the gravity model, interactions between two locations are proportional to the product of their populations and inversely proportional to the distance between them. Therefore, two large urban areas in close proximity would have a high level of interaction due to their significant populations and short distance apart. The other terms mentioned, such as rank-size rule, primate city, central place theory, and threshold population, are relevant to the study of urban geography but do not directly explain the extensive interactions between two urban areas in close proximity.
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what is Settlements
Answer: What are Settlements?
Explanation:
Settlements are considered population centers of humans who have developed a long-term community in a specific area. Settlements can be as complex as population centers like metropolises or settlements can be as simple as a small fishing village on a river in a remote area. Settlements have various names like towns, villages, cities, hamlets, bases, or camps. Settlements can include any organized pattern of human habitation. Settlements can have historical value, such as when the area was first settled or who first settled in the area to begin the settlement. Settlements can consist of advanced infrastructure like highways, towers, and parks or settlements can have basic features like irrigation systems and earthen enclosures.
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What piece(s) of evidence supported and led to the acceptance of the Heliocentric Model
(choose all that apply)
O stars appear to move rotating around the Earth
O Galeo saw moons orbiting Jupiter
O Kepler was able to predict the planet's position using and elliptical orbit
O the sun rises and falls
The pieces of evidence that supported and led to the acceptance of the Heliocentric Model are:
Galeo's observation of moons orbiting Jupiter,Kepler was able to predict the planet's position using an elliptical orbit.Galileo Galilei tend to make used of an instrument called telescope to view the moons around Jupiter at the beginning of the 17th century, proving that not everything in the universe revolved around the Earth.
At the start of the 17th century, Johannes Kepler's planetary motion equations were developed, making it possible to provide extremely accurate estimates of the positions of the planets in the sky.
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*Compare and contrast the human and physical aspects of 2 countries in a paragraph (3-5 sentences).*
The 2 countries I need written about are China and Mexico. If you could, please put the answer in a paragraph format instead of facts about the topic!! Also, please make two seperate paragraphs for both China and Mexico.
Thanks!
Answer:
China is a country of great contrasts, with a rich cultural heritage and a rapidly growing economy. On the one hand, the country has a diverse ethnic population, and different regions have their unique histories and customs. The physical aspect of the country is also diverse, with vast landscapes ranging from deserts, high mountains, and tropical rainforests. On the other hand, China is on the forefront in technology and industry, with fast-growing cities such as Beijing and Shanghai that showcase modern architecture juxtaposed with ancient structures like the Great Wall of China.
China is a country of great contrasts, with a rich cultural heritage and a rapidly growing economy. On the one hand, the country has a diverse ethnic population, and different regions have their unique histories and customs. The physical aspect of the country is also diverse, with vast landscapes ranging from deserts, high mountains, and tropical rainforests. On the other hand, China is on the forefront in technology and industry, with fast-growing cities such as Beijing and Shanghai that showcase modern architecture juxtaposed with ancient structures like the Great Wall of China.Mexico, on the other hand, is a unique blend of indigenous and Spanish cultures, reflected in its food, music, and traditions. The country is known for its rich artistic expression, from its colorful pottery to its lively music and dance. Physically, Mexico is home to several different types of landscapes, including deserts, mountains, and tropical rainforests. The country has many historical sites that showcase the remnants of the ancient Mayan and Aztec civilizations. Despite its economic challenges, Mexico has a vibrant culture and friendly people who are incredibly proud of their diverse heritage.
Sketch or describe why melting occurs along mid-ocean ridges and why the resulting magmas are basaltic (mafic).
Melting occurs along mid-ocean ridges due to the upwelling of hot mantle material that rises to the surface through the process of convection. The mantle material is under high pressure and temperature at depth, but as it rises to shallower depths, the pressure decreases, leading to decompression melting.
The resulting magmas are basaltic (mafic) because they originate from the mantle, which is composed of ultramafic rocks rich in iron and magnesium. As the mantle material melts, the basaltic magmas that form are enriched in these elements, leading to their mafic composition.
The magmas that are produced along mid-ocean ridges are also relatively low in silica content, which makes them more fluid and easier to flow. This is because the mantle material from which they originate has a low silica content, and as it melts, the resulting magma retains this characteristic.
In addition to the above factors, the tectonic setting of mid-ocean ridges also plays a role in determining the composition of the resulting magma. The magma that forms along mid-ocean ridges is often mixed with seawater, which introduces elements such as chlorine and sulfur into the magma.
This can alter the chemical composition of the magma, making it more acidic and less mafic. In summary, the melting that occurs along mid-ocean ridges is due to the upwelling of hot mantle material, which undergoes decompression melting as it rises toward the surface.
The resulting magmas are basaltic (mafic) because they originate from the mantle, which is rich in iron and magnesium. The low silica content of the magma, along with the mixing of seawater, can also influence the composition of the magma.
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the practice used in the milder climates, where intense subsistence fields are planned and harvested more than once a year. shifting cultivation crop rotation swidden double cropping
The practice of shifting cultivation is commonly used in milder climates, where intense subsistence fields are planned and harvested more than once a year.
This method involves clearing a plot of land, planting crops for a few years, and then abandoning the plot and moving to a new area to repeat the process.
This allows the soil to replenish its nutrients and allows for more successful crop growth in the future. Crop rotation is also a common technique used in shifting cultivation. This involves planting different crops in a particular order to help maintain soil fertility and prevent soil erosion. For example, legumes are often planted after a crop that depletes soil nitrogen, as they can fix nitrogen into the soil.
Another technique used in shifting cultivation is swidden, which involves burning a plot of land to clear it for planting. This can be controversial as it can cause deforestation and soil erosion. However, when done sustainably and with proper management, it can be an effective way to prepare land for farming.
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What is the largest active volcano in the world?
Mount Etna
Mount Vesuvius
Mouna Loa
Mount Batur
Answer:
Mouna Loa
Explanation:
Mauna Loa is one of five volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii in the U.S. state of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The largest subaerial volcano in both mass and volume, Mauna Loa has historically been considered the largest volcano on Earth, dwarfed only by Tamu Massif.
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Mouna Loa is the largest active volcano in the world. Thus, option C is the correct option.
One of the five volcanoes that make up the Island of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean's U.S. state of Hawaii is Mauna Loa. In terms of both mass and volume, Mauna Loa is the greatest subaerial volcano and, until Tamu Massif was discovered, was thought to be the biggest volcano on Earth.
With its wide, rounded slopes, it resembles a shield volcano in every way. The volcano is 13,681 feet (4,170 m) above sea level and makes up around 51% of Hawaii Island.
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Which of the following lists, in proper sequential order, the steps leading to the the formation of clastic sedimentary rock?
A. Weathering, transportation, deposition, cementation
B. Weathering, deposition, transportation, cementation
C. weathering, transportation, deposition, metamorphism
D. Chemical reactions in sea water to form a precipitate, settling out of the precipitate followed by cementation
To check which of the following lists, in proper sequential order, the steps leading to the the formation of clastic sedimentary rock.
A. Weathering, transportation, deposition, cementation is the proper sequential order of the steps leading to the formation of clastic sedimentary rock.
Weathering is the physical or chemical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces. These smaller pieces are then transported by natural agents like water, wind, and glaciers, which is known as transportation.
Deposition occurs when the transported sediments settle down due to the loss of energy of the transporting agent. Finally, the deposited sediments get cemented together by minerals like silica or calcium carbonate, which is known as cementation, to form clastic sedimentary rocks.
Option B is incorrect because deposition should occur before transportation.
Option C is incorrect because metamorphism is not involved in the formation of clastic sedimentary rock.
Option D describes the formation of chemical sedimentary rock, not clastic sedimentary rock.
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_____occurs when precipitation lands on vegetation or other land cover before reaching the surface. group of answer choices surface runoff channel flow infiltration interception overland flow
to most equitably compare the relative levels of economic development of different countries, and to adjust for their different currencies, it is best to use
To most equitably compare the relative levels of economic development of different countries and to adjust for their different currencies, it is best to use purchasing power parity (PPP) as the standard measure.
PPP takes into account the differences in currency exchange rates and adjusts them to reflect the actual purchasing power of the currencies in each country. This method allows for a more accurate comparison of the cost of goods and services in different countries, and therefore a better understanding of the economic development of each country.
Using PPP also helps to reduce the bias that can result from using traditional exchange rates, which may not accurately reflect the true value of a country's currency. This can be especially important when comparing countries with vastly different economic structures or levels of development. PPP allows for a more accurate comparison of living standards and economic development, and can provide a more complete picture of the economic landscape of each country.
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which of the following was one of the ways in which the collectivization of agriculture in china differed from that of the soviet union?
One of the ways in which the collectivization of agriculture in China differed from that of the Soviet Union was that in China.
collectivization was implemented gradually and farmers were not forced to join collective farms, whereas in the Soviet Union, collectivization was implemented forcefully and farmers were forced to join collective farms. Additionally, in China, farmers were allowed to retain small plots of land for personal use, while in the Soviet Union, all private land ownership was abolished.
One of the ways in which the collectivization of agriculture in China differed from that of the Soviet Union is that China implemented the "People's Commune" system, which combined multiple aspects of rural life such as agriculture, industry, and local governance, while the Soviet Union focused mainly on consolidating individual farms into large state-controlled collective farms called "kolkhozes" and "sovkhozes". This led to a more comprehensive approach to rural development in China compared to the Soviet Union's primary focus on agricultural production.
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Mesoscale convective systems:
A. are individual thunderstorms called supercells.
B. do not last more than 12 to 24 hours.
C. typically have low water-vapor content.
D. require wind shear and substantial uplift.
Mesoscale convective systems (MCS) refer to a collection of thunderstorms that organize and persist for several hours or even days, covering an area of around 100 to 1000 km. While the lifespan of an MCS can vary, most do not last more than 12 to 24 hours before dissipating.
Unlike supercells, which are individual thunderstorms, MCSs are composed of many thunderstorms that are closely packed together. These systems are characterized by their scale, as they are larger than individual thunderstorms but smaller than synoptic-scale weather systems.
MCSs typically form in environments with substantial wind shear and uplift, and they often have a significant water-vapor content, which fuels their development. They can produce heavy rain, hail, and strong winds, and are responsible for many of the severe weather events that occur across the globe.
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Lm is the midsegment of a ABC. If AC is 28 centimeters long, how long is B • A. 24 centimeters • B. 56 centimeters • c. 14 centimeters D. 35 centimeters
The proportion midsegment of LM is 14 cm. Therefore, option (C) is accurate.
A triangle midsegment is a line fragment that interfaces the midpoints or focuses of two inverse or contiguous triangle sides. The section joining the midpoints of different sides of a triangle is lined up with and a portion of the length of the third side.
The midsegment hypothesis declares that a line fragment interfacing the midpoints of any different sides of a triangle is lined up with and a big part of the third side.
As indicated by mid fragment is
LM = AC/2
We have AC = 28 cm
Presently, substitute the worth of AC we get
LM = 28/2
LM = 14
Hence, the proportion of LM is 14 cm.
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• Sketch and describe the processes involved in forming igneous rocks
The formation of igneous rocks begins with the melting of existing rock material. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including the heat and pressure of the Earth's interior, as well as volcanic activity. Once the rock has melted, it begins to cool and solidify.
The rate of cooling is a key factor in determining the texture of the resulting rock. Rapid cooling, as occurs when magma is extruded onto the surface and cools quickly, leads to the formation of fine-grained rocks such as basalt. Slow cooling, on the other hand, can result in the formation of coarse-grained rocks like granite.Another important factor is the composition of the magma. Magma that is rich in silica will tend to form lighter-colored, more viscous rocks such as rhyolite, while magma that is low in silica will produce darker, more fluid rocks like basalt.As the magma cools and solidifies, it may also undergo various chemical changes. These can include the crystallization of minerals and the separation of different components based on their chemical properties.
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A linear system is consistent (has a solution) if and only if the equations in the system can be satisfied simultaneously by some set of values for the variables.
In other words, the system has a solution if the equations are not contradictory and can be solved for a unique solution or a set of solutions. This is true for both homogeneous and non-homogeneous linear systems.A linear system is consistent (has a solution) if and only if the system's equations are either independent or dependent, and there is no contradiction among the equations. In other words, the system will have one unique solution or infinitely many solutions. If the system is inconsistent, it means there are no solutions due to contradictions in the equations.
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Do isolines ever touch or cross each other?
Yes, isolines ever touch or cross each other. Isolines are typically drawn as continuous curves that do not touch or cross each other.
Because each isoline represents a distinct value of the attribute or variable being mapped, touching or crossing two isolines would imply that the two values are equal at that place, which would be a contradiction.
However, due to measurement or mapping mistakes, or limits in the resolution of the data being represented, isolines may appear to touch or cross each other in some cases.
For example, if the elevation data used to make a topographic map are not precise enough, the contour lines in locations where the height changes gradually may appear to touch or cross each other.
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why do we need to avoid sharp corner in material structure design?
Answer: You need to avoid it so you don't get hurt badly
Explanation: You might stub your toe so bad that you wake up your guardian by how loud you were screaming
Sharp corners in material structure design can lead to stress concentration, which can result in the initiation and propagation of cracks.
When a material is subjected to an applied load, the stress is greatest in locations where the shape or geometry changes, such as a sharp corner. This might cause the material to suffer localised stresses that are significantly higher than the normal stress level, resulting in the formation of a crack at the corner.
When a crack begins at a sharp corner, it can rapidly travel into the material, especially if the material has low fracture toughness or the loading conditions are severe. This might cause the material to fail prematurely, which can be disastrous in some applications.
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This biome is characterized by long dry seasons and is dominated by grasses, shrubs, and grazing animals.
Desert
Savanna
Tropical rain forest
Boreal forest
This biome that is characterized by long dry seasons and is dominated by grasses, shrubs, and grazing animals is known to be the Savanna
What is the biome about?The savanna biome is one that is known to be ordinarily found in districts with tropical or subtropical climates, where precipitation is regular and vegetation is adjusted to dry season conditions.
Note that the grasses as well as bushes within the savanna biome are regularly tall and tough, with profound roots that permit them to lie longer in a long periods of drought.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. ______ a type of retaining wall made of rocks held in place by steel cables.
Which statement is true of the topographic feature shown in the previous question? The red arrow at the top of the movie points North. The top of the topographic map is also north.There are several valleys but the most prominent valley bounded by 2 ridges runs north south Ridges and valleys radiate away from the central peaks and are more pronounced on the east side. The ridges and the valleys both form "V" shaped features with the point of the "V" for the valleys pointing in the uphill direction
The true statement about the topographic feature shown in the previous question is that there are several valleys, but the most prominent valley is bounded by two ridges running north-south. The ridges and valleys radiate away from the central peaks and are more pronounced on the east side.
Both the ridges and valleys form "V" shaped features with the point of the "V" for the valleys pointing in the uphill direction. Additionally, the top of the topographic map and the red arrow at the top of the movie both point to the north. Based on your description, it seems that there are multiple valleys present in the region, but the main valley is delimited by two ridges that run north-south. These ridges and valleys seem to emanate from central peaks and are more distinct on the east side. The valleys appear to have a "V" shape, with the point of the "V" facing uphill. Furthermore, both the top of the topographic map and the red arrow at the top of the movie point to the north, making it easier to navigate and orient oneself within the region. Your description is detailed and helpful in understanding the topography of the area.
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palm trees associated with the subtropics can be found at the northern tip of the british isles in scotland. this is due to the transfer of heat from the
Palm trees are typically associated with subtropics, where they thrive in warm and humid conditions.
However, it may come as a surprise that some palm trees can also be found at the northern tip of the British Isles, specifically in Scotland. This is due to a phenomenon known as the transfer of heat, where warm ocean currents from the Gulf Stream flow towards the British Isles, bringing with them a milder climate than would otherwise be expected at such a northern latitude. The generation, consumption, conversion, and exchange of thermal energy across physical systems is the focus of the thermal engineering field of study known as heat transfer. Different heat transmission techniques, including thermal conduction, convection, radiation, and energy transfer by phase changes, are categorized.
While the climate in Scotland is still far from tropical, the transfer of heat helps to create a microclimate that allows certain species of palm trees to survive and even thrive.
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why were scientists surprised to find active geology on enceladus?
Scientists were surprised to find active geology on Enceladus because it is a small, icy moon of Saturn that was initially believed to be a frozen, dead world.
However, in 2005, the Cassini spacecraft observed jets of water vapor and icy particles spewing from the moon's southern polar region. Further investigation revealed a subsurface ocean beneath the icy crust, which is kept liquid by tidal forces from Saturn.
The ocean is thought to interact with a rocky core, creating hydrothermal vents that provide energy and nutrients for microbial life. The discovery of active geology and potential habitability on Enceladus has implications for the search for extraterrestrial life and our understanding of the diversity of worlds in our solar system.
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discuss the stage of development the tropical cyclone Freddy
According to the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, a tropical cyclone's development stages are normally categorized by the storm's wind speed. A Category 1 storm has sustained winds of no less than 74 mph (119 km/h), whereas a Category 5 storm has sustained winds of no less than 157 mph (252 km/h).
Development of cycloneA tropical cyclone usually develops into a tropical depression in its early phases, which are characterized by sustained winds of up to 38 mph (62 km/h). It can develop into a tropical storm as it gets stronger and its winds pick up speed, which has sustained winds of between 39 and 73 mph (63 and 118 km/h).
Depending on the area in which it starts, the storm is then categorized as a hurricane or typhoon if it continues to intensify and its winds reach or exceed 74 mph (119 km/h).
A tropical cyclone can have structural and organizational changes as it moves through different stages, such as the development of an eye and spiral rain bands. Tropical storm tracking and forecasting must be accurate and fast in order to reduce the potential harm they may wreak.
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when two continental plates converge, they form . huge mountain ranges a subduction zone a transform boundary a mantle plume
When two continental plates converge, they form huge mountain ranges. This process is called continental collision. Unlike when an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, in which case a subduction zone is formed, two continental plates cannot be subducted due to their similar density. Instead, the plates buckle and are forced upwards, creating a massive mountain range like the Himalayas. There is no transform boundary involved in this process, although it may occur along the edges of the converging plates. Mantle plumes, on the other hand, are not directly involved in the process of plate convergence.
What is continental collision?
Continental collision is a geological process that occurs when two tectonic plates carrying continents collide with each other. When this happens, the plates buckle and crumple, causing the landmasses on top to be pushed upwards and folded into mountain ranges.
This process usually happens over a long period of time, with the two plates moving towards each other slowly, until they eventually meet and form a convergent boundary. As the two plates collide, the crust is deformed and thickened, creating intense pressure and high temperatures. This can cause the rocks to become metamorphosed or melted, and can lead to the formation of volcanic activity, earthquakes, and other geological events.
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During the Korean War, the United States?
Answer: The answer is During the Korean War, the United States fought in the war.
In 1950, a North Korean invasion began the Korean War, which saw extensive U.S.-led U.N. intervention in support of the South, while the North received support from China and from the Soviet Union. Some 1,780,000 Americans served in the war, with 36,574 killed, 103,284 wounded, and 4,714 taken as prisoners of war.
Explanation: Please give Brainlist.
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suppose you view the solar system from high above earth's north pole. which of the following statements about planetary orbits will be true?
Answer: If you view the solar system from high above Earth's north pole, the following statement about planetary orbits will be true:
The planets will appear to be orbiting counterclockwise around the Sun.
This is because the planets in our solar system all orbit the Sun in the same direction, which is counterclockwise as viewed from above the Sun's north pole. This means that if you are looking down on the solar system from above Earth's north pole, you would see the planets all moving counterclockwise in their orbits around the Sun.
List the main characteristics of obsidian, pumice, scoria, tuff, breccia, and pegmatite, and indicate where each of these rock types fits into an igneous classification system based on composition
obsidian, pumice, and tuff are classified as felsic rocks, scoria is classified as a mafic rock, breccia is classified as an intermediate rock, and pegmatite is classified as a felsic rock.
Obsidian: Obsidian is a volcanic glass that forms from lava that cools too quickly for crystals to form. Its main characteristic is its smooth, shiny, and often black surface. It has a composition that is rich in silica and is classified as a felsic rock.
Pumice: Pumice is a light, porous rock that forms from volcanic ash and gas bubbles. Its main characteristic is its frothy appearance and low density. It has a composition that is also rich in silica and is classified as a felsic rock.
Scoria: Scoria is a dark, vesicular rock that forms from lava that contains a high amount of gas. Its main characteristic is its rough, porous surface with air-filled holes. It has a composition that is intermediate in silica content and is classified as a mafic rock.
Tuff: Tuff is a rock that forms from volcanic ash and fragments that have been compacted and cemented together. Its main characteristic is its layered appearance and its fine-grained texture. It has a composition that is also rich in silica and is classified as a felsic rock.
Breccia: Breccia is a rock that forms from angular fragments that have been cemented together. Its main characteristic is its jumbled appearance with angular fragments of various sizes. It has a composition that can vary, but it is often intermediate in silica content and classified as an intermediate rock.
Pegmatite: Pegmatite is a coarse-grained igneous rock that forms from magma that cools slowly, allowing large crystals to form. Its main characteristic is its large crystal size, often exceeding 2.5 cm. It has a composition that is often rich in silica and classified as a felsic rock.
Overall, obsidian, pumice, and tuff are classified as felsic rocks, scoria is classified as a mafic rock, breccia is classified as an intermediate rock, and pegmatite is classified as a felsic rock. This classification system is based on the composition of the rocks, with felsic rocks being those that are rich in silica, mafic rocks being those that are low in silica and high in iron and magnesium, and intermediate rocks being those that are between felsic and mafic in composition.
ition.
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explain a likely impact to the process occuring at point b if the average annual mean temperature of this environment increases due to climate change
In the context of an image or diagram, I am not sure what "point b" refers to specifically. However, I can provide a general answer on how an increase in average annual mean temperature due to climate change can impact various environmental processes.
An increase in average annual mean temperature due to climate change can have a range of impacts on environmental processes, depending on the specific system or process being considered. For example, it can lead to changes in precipitation patterns, which in turn can affect the amount and timing of water available to support various processes such as plant growth, streamflow, and groundwater recharge. It can also lead to changes in the timing and intensity of seasonal events such as snowmelt, which can have implications for water resources, ecosystem dynamics, and human activities such as agriculture and recreation. In addition, an increase in temperature can directly impact biological processes such as photosynthesis and respiration, which can affect plant growth, carbon cycling, and nutrient cycling in ecosystems. Higher temperatures can also lead to changes in the distribution and abundance of plant and animal species, which can have implications for ecosystem functioning and biodiversity.
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Compare the properties of a shield vs. a composite volcano, including the following attributes.
a) In terms of plate tectonics, how does each form?
b) How are their size and shape different?
c) What are the characteristics of the magma/lava for each?
d) Explain the eruption sequence and characteristics for the composite cone. Whats the first indication there may be an eruption, its not lava, ash or smoke? Properly use the terms nuee ardente and lahar in terms of their relationship to the sequence. Be very detailed here.
Shield and composite volcanoes have different characteristics and properties, with shield volcanoes typically being larger and flatter with gentler eruptions.
a) Shield volcanoes are formed by non-explosive eruptions that result from the movement of magma in hot spots or divergent plate boundaries. Composite volcanoes, on the other hand, are formed by explosive eruptions that occur at subduction zones where an oceanic plate is forced beneath a continental plate.
b) Shield volcanoes are typically larger and flatter than composite volcanoes, with a broad, gently sloping cone shape. Composite volcanoes, on the other hand, are steeper and more conical, with a distinct peak at the summit.
c) Shield volcanoes typically produce low-viscosity magma that flows easily and results in gentle, effusive eruptions. Composite volcanoes, on the other hand, produce high-viscosity magma that is more resistant to flow and results in explosive eruptions.
d) The eruption sequence and characteristics of a composite volcano typically begin with seismic activity caused by the movement of magma beneath the volcano. This is often the first indication of an impending eruption. As pressure builds, the volcano may produce small ash eruptions or venting of gases. Eventually, a more explosive eruption may occur, characterized by a column of ash and gas rising high into the atmosphere. This eruption can trigger the formation of a nuee ardente, a hot, fast-moving cloud of gas and ash that flows down the slopes of the volcano.
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Q: Review the phases of the moon and the associated terms (e.g waxing, gibbous)
Answer:
Waxing Gibbous: The waxing gibbous phase is between a half moon and full moon. Waxing means it is getting bigger. Full: We can see the Moon completely illuminated during full moons. Waning Gibbous: The waning gibbous phase is between a full moon and a half moon. Waning means it is getting smaller.
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These terms help us understand the moon's appearance and the progression of its phases as it orbits the Earth.
The moon goes through eight main phases during its lunar cycle, which lasts about 29.5 days.
These phases are:
1. New Moon: The moon is not visible, as it is directly between the Earth and the Sun.
2. Waxing Crescent: A small portion of the moon is visible, and it appears to be growing larger. "Waxing" means increasing in illumination.
3. First Quarter: Half of the moon is visible, and it continues to grow larger.
4. Waxing Gibbous: More than half of the moon is visible, but it's not yet a full moon. "Gibbous" refers to the moon's convex shape.
5. Full Moon: The entire face of the moon is illuminated, as the moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun.
6. Waning Gibbous: The moon begins to shrink in size, with more than half still visible. "Waning" means decreasing in illumination.
7. Third Quarter: Half of the moon is visible, and it continues to shrink.
8. Waning Crescent: Only a small portion of the moon is visible before it returns to the new moon phase.
These terms help us understand the moon's appearance and the progression of its phases as it orbits the Earth.
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