What is the function of both the immune system and the endocrine system?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The immune system is a host defence system that combines multiple mechanisms to protect an organism from several pathogens and the development of disease. The endocrine and immune system crosstalk and multiple immune processes are involved in endocrine diseases. Defects of immune tolerance associated with genetic and environmental factors result to the development of autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroiditis and diabetes mellitus type 1. In addition, a mixture of immune cells and mediators is considered to be implicated in thyroid cancer development and progression. Multiple cytokines and the evolving inflammatory process are involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus type 2 whereas immune mechanisms related to lymphocytes and cytokine circuits may play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Several studies have recently been published regarding the therapeutic implications of immune system mechanisms on endocrine diseases. For complete coverage of all related areas


Related Questions

what is the difference between sex chromosomes found in humna females and human males?

Answers

Answer:

Females have XX sex chromosomes while males have XY sex chromosomes.

Which statement below is an accurate claim that can be made based on the lizard table?
A The number of lizards always stays the same.
B The lizard population shifts from being mostly brown to being mostly red.
С The lizard population get more diverse as more generations go by.
D The lizard population shifts from being mostly brown to being most black.
!!

Answers

Answer: did you get the right answer ?

Explanation:

The statement is an accurate claim that can be made based on the lizard table, the lizard population shifts from being mostly brown to being mostly black. The correct option is D.

What is a population?

The term “population” refers to all citizens who are either permanently residing in a country or who are just passing through. This indicator reveals how many people typically reside in a certain area.

Growth rates are the population changes that occur each year as a result of births, deaths, and net migration.

We can see in the table that the population of lizards or black lizards is increasing, and the brown lizard population is decreasing.

Therefore, the correct option is D. The lizard population shifts from being mostly brown to being mostly black.

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Indicate whether the given structure is located in the outer, middle, or inner ear. pharngotympanic tube helicotrema stapedius

Answers

Answer:

The pharngotympanic tube is in the middle ear.The helicotrema is in the inner ear.The stapedius is in the middle ear.

Explanation:

The ear has three main parts, the outer part, the middle part, and the inner part. The outer part of the ear starts in the auricle, then it continues with the auditory canal, and it finishes with the eardrum. Then we have the middle ear that is separated from the outer one with the eardrum. In this section, it is the pharngotympanic tube, also known as the Eustachian tube. It is a tube that connects the inner ear with the pharynx to regulate internal pressure.

The inner ear has the bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth. In this part of the ear, the mechanical signals are transformed into electrical signals. The bony labyrinth has the cochlea, the vestibule, and the semicircular canals. The helicotrema is in the cochlea, and it connects the tympanic duct with the vestibular duct.

The stapedius is a muscle located in the middle ear. Its insertion is in the stapes, a small bone that moves with the vibrations that come from the eardrum to the malleus and the stapes. The stapedius' function is to protect our hearing by reducing the vibrations that enter this part of the ear.

aaron has blood O. Can either of his parents have blood type AB? Explain your answer

Answers

Explanation:

Answer: no, blood type AB has gennotype IA,IB while blood type o has the genotype II

Answer:

No. If Aaron have blood O, that means that his parents is blood type O too as he inherited the blood type that they have from his parents.

Certain prehistoric events led to the formation of oil. Which of the following was one of those events? A giant wind storms destroy forests. B glaciers melted at the north and south poles . C Life in the sea died and was buried under sediment. D heavy flooring soaked the earths crust.

Answers

Answer:

C oil is just dead animal remains

Explanation:

Answer: C

Explanation: ,

Identify structure H (1 point)
מ ס ס ס וח
nou
F
-G
H
1
-K
L
Cell 2
Cell 1
Nucleus
O Cytoplasm
O Central Vaculole
Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answers

Answer:

(H) is the central vacuole!

Hope this helps ❤️

Compare common environmental risks in indoor and outdoor environments.
pls answer in at least 2 sentences.

Answers

Explanation:

in indoor they could slip and in same in outdoor

I need help with this

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

I graphed it

The radius is also 5 therefor it must =25

20. Process through which pollutants get increasingly more concentrated each step up the food chain.
bloaccumulation
risk assessment
toxicity
biomagnification

Answers

Answer:

bioaccumulation of chemicals is the problem concerning all living organisms. This is the result of dynamic equilibrium between the uptake and elimination. The extent to which bioaccumulation occurs determines the toxic effects which are manifested. In some cases, the mechanisms of protection from certain undesirable substances deposited in special sites, to prevent their participation in the metabolic reactions, have evolved. The knowledge on bioaccumulation enables to assess the risk related with the presence of various chemicals in the environment, food, and at workplace and to present quantitatively the ability to control the use and emissions of chemicals.

Whether there is a net flow of fluid into or out of a capillary at a given spot along its length depends on _____.whether or not the fluid contains carbon dioxide whether or not the fluid contains oxygen whether the fluid contains nutrients or wastesthe balance between blood pressure and osmotic pressurethe needs of the tissue

Answers

Answer: Depends on the balance between blood pressure and osmotic pressure.

Explanation:

The capillaries are part of the microcirculation that transports nutrients to the tissues and removes cell excreta. The walls of the capillaries are extremely thin, constructed of single - layer, highly permeable endothelial cells. Therefore, water, cell nutrients and cell excreta can all interchange quickly and easily between the tissues and the circulating blood.

The tissues of the body is made up of soo many capillaries which helps to deliver blood and it's contents to it. The hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries tends to force fluid and it's dissolved substances through the capillary pores into the interstitial spaces. Conversely, osmotic pressure caused by the plasma proteins( called COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE) tends to cause fluid movement by osmosis from the interstitial spaces into the blood. This osmotic pressure excreted by the plasma proteins normally prevents significant loss of fluid volume from the blood into the interstitial spaces.

Therefore, a balance between hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries which is influenced by blood pressure and osmotic pressure in order for a net flow of fluid into or out of a capillary to occur.

For a particular trait, the allele F is dominant over the allele f. The Punnett square below shows the genetic cross of two parents, each with the genotype Ff.



Which box in this Punnett square would contain two dominant alleles?

Answers

chochx zzz in z add as ZZ

Identify the labeled structures

Answers

Answer:

what labeled structures?

Explanation:

The rays of light change direction as they enter or leave the lens because of what change in the wave as it enters a different medium?

a) amplitude
b) frequency
c) speed
d) energy

Answers

Answer: speed

Explanation: speed of light is dirrerent in different mediums. Also wavelength changes but frequency remains same

Define food menu??????​

Answers

Answer:

A menu is a set of options presented to the user of a computer application to help the user find information or execute a program function. Menus are common in graphical user interfaces ( GUI s) such as Windows or the Mac OS .

Explanation:

hope it helps..

The menu is a list of food and beverages offered to customers with the prices is called food menu.

PLS HELP WILLING TO GIVE BRAINLIEST

Answers

Answer:

1.  In primary succession, newly exposed or newly formed rock is colonized by living things for the first time. In secondary succession, an area previously occupied by living things is disturbed then recolonized following the disturbance.

2.  Primary and secondary succession occur after both human and natural events that cause drastic change in the makeup of an area.

3.  Volcanic eruptions, Retreat of glaciers, Flooding accompanied by severe soil erosion, Landslides, Nuclear explosions, Oil spills.

If you were appointed to a senior position, what would you do first?​

Answers

Explanation:

I will study my responsibility.I will work as a guardian to the juniors and fulfill the tasks I am accompanied with.I will try my best to satisfy everyone.I won't give any kind of disappointment to anyone regarding my work and performance.

What is the answer to this question if anybody knows i’m really finding it confusing

Answers

15 meters. the little key in the bottom right would indicate that :)

What bacteria structures can make bacteria RESISTANT TO ANTIBIOTICS. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.
Flagella
Cell wall
Outer membrane
Endospore
Plasmid
Capsule

Answers

Cell Wall

Explanation:

About 63% of the bacteria tested were Gram-negative, which means that they have a cell wall that is more resistant to certain classes of antibiotics than the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria.

Most minerals are______at room temperature

liquid

gas

solid

Answers

Answer:

The answer should be solid

Scientific study of the population cycles of the snowshoe hare and its predator, the lynx, has revealed that ________. Question 9 options: A) predation is the dominant factor affecting prey population cycling B) hares and lynx are so mutually dependent that each species cannot survive without the other C) the hare population is r-selected and the lynx population is K-selected D) both hare and lynx population sizes are affected mainly by abiotic factors

Answers

Answer:

A) predation is the dominant factor affecting prey population cycling

Explanation:

Predation is a type of interaction between species where one species called ‘predator’ uses another species, the ‘prey’, as a source of food. Within an ecosystem, the number of predators and prey may vary over time in cycles of time (in these cases, the population cycles of both species are closely linked). In consequence, predation is a density-dependent factor. In the case of the snowshoe hare and its predator, the lynx, when the number of predators is too high, the number of prey drastically decreases. Subsequently, this leads to the decrease of predators that leave their home range (they don’t have enough food to survive), thereby the snowshoe hare population increases again until the peak of the population cycle (carrying capacity), and so successively.

write one paragraph explaining the steps of photosynthesis

Answers

Plants and certain microorganisms use photosynthesis to create compounds such as carbohydrates. It's an endothermic (heat-inducing) chemical reaction that converts carbon dioxide to sugars using sunlight. Sugars are used by the cell as an energy source as well as a building block for other molecules. Photosynthesis takes place in two stages: light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions). Light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, use light energy to make ATP and NADPH.

Answer:

trading a lemonade stand for an orange juice stand!!! get a taste of ur own medicine HA

Explanation:

Suppose the brown allele for eye color (B) is completely dominant over the blue allele for eye color (b). If two brown-eyed parents produce a child that is blue-eyed, what is the probability that at least one out of the next two children they produce will also have blue eyes

Answers

Answer:

The probability that at least one out of the next two children they produce will also have blue eyes equels 44%

Explanation:

Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files

A fireman feels a door and it is hot from the fire on the other side due to blank

Answers

Answer:

A fireman feels a door and it is hot from the fire on the other side due to conduction. Explanation: One side of the door is touching the other, and it transfers heat. 16. The cause of weather systems on earth is convection and radiation.

Explanation:

Correct me if I am wrong?

But hope it helps you!

4) What factors influence the circulation of the Earth's atmosphere,
thereby producing our weather?

Answers

The movement of air through Earth's -- or any planet's -- atmosphere is called wind, and the main cause of Earth's winds is uneven heating by the sun. This uneven heating causes changes of atmospheric pressure, and winds blow from regions with high pressure to those with low pressure

The uneven heating of the earth's surface is one of the main variables affecting the circulation of the atmosphere globally along with  seasonal variations in precipitation and temperature and Earth turning on its axis.

What is weather?

The state of the atmosphere is referred to as the weather, and can be described in a number of different ways, including the degree to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, quiet or stormy, clear or cloudy. The troposphere, the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere, is where the majority of meteorological events take place. The stratosphere is the next layer up from the troposphere. The term "weather" is used to describe the temperature, precipitation, and other characteristics of the atmosphere on a day-to-day basis.

Variations in air pressure, temperature, and moisture from one location to another are the primary contributors to a day's weather. These disparities can be attributed to the fact that the angle at which the Sun is positioned at any given location varies with latitude. The vast temperature difference between the polar and tropical air masses is what gives rise to the biggest scale atmospheric circulations.

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based on the fossil evidence the correct sequence in which life evolves in PLEASSE HELPPP THIS IS A BIG GRADE

Answers

Answer: Fossil evidence that shows the correct sequence in which life evolves is B i think im not sure but im pretty sure its B

Events that take place in a biome are shown in the diagram below.




What information is represented in the diagram?

A

Respiration and photosynthesis are connected.


B

Transpiration is related to the nitrogen level in bacteria.


C

Predators and their prey are involved in many interactions.


D

Decomposers release a material that is utilized by other organisms.

Answers

Answer:

D - Decomposers release a material that is utilized by other organisms.

Explanation:

The cycle represented is the nitrogen cycle. In it bacteria of decay will break down or decompose plant and animal remains and wastes.

The information represented in the diagram is that decomposers release a material that is utilized by other organisms. So, the correct option is D.

What do you mean by Biome?

A Biome may be defined as a very large area that is characterized by a particular type of vegetation.

The diagram represented here defines the nitrogen cycling in the atmosphere. Decomposers convert the dead and decaying organic matter into inorganic ones which are easily consumable for the plants.

Decomposers directly do not release any material but they convert the material into a specific form which is then utilized by other organisms.

Therefore, the correct option for this question is D.

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in our body, what is the process of moving eliminating waste?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Excretion is the process of removing wastes from the body. Organs of the excretory system include the kidneys, large intestine, skin, and lungs

During which cell division phase does the nuclear membrane disappear?
A) telophase
B) metaphase
C) anaphase
D) prophase

Answers

Answer:

B)Metaphase

Explanation:

During metaphase, the nuclear membrane disappears and the chromosomes become aligned half way between the centrioles.

Answer:

Prophase

Explanation:

D

A rabbit population's birth rate is 200 rabbits born/year. The death rate is 150 rabbits dying/year.



Is the population of rabbits growing or shrinking? Explain by calculating the growth rate.

Answers

Answer:

It's growing

Explanation:

The growth rate is 50 rabbits per year

What are the causes of soil compaction? (Site 1)

Answers

Answer:

Internal factors include particle-size distribution, organic matter content, mineralogy and water content of the soil. Externally applied forces are generally mechanically applied forces, the primary source of these being vehicular traffic

Explanation:

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Gallerani Corporation has received a request for a special order of 4,300 units of product A90 for $26.90 each. Product A90's unit product cost is $26.40, determined as follows: Direct materials$2.55 Direct labor 7.85 Variable manufacturing overhead 6.95 Fixed manufacturing overhead 9.05 Unit product cost$26.40 Assume that direct labor is a variable cost. The special order would have no effect on the company's total fixed manufacturing overhead costs. The customer would like modifications made to product A90 that would increase the variable costs by $3.30 per unit and that would require an investment of $22,000 in special molds that would have no salvage value. This special order would have no effect on the company's other sales. The company has ample spare capacity for producing the special order. The annual financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company as a result of accepting this special order should be: A Ferris wheel has a diameter of 90 feet. If a rider starts at the bottom of the wheel, how many feet does the rider travel after one full turn of the wheel? Record your answer in the boxes. Then fill in the bubbles. Be sure to use the correct place value. PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!! PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!! PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!! PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!!PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!! PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!! PLSSS HELPPPP I WILLL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!Everything can be taken from a man but one thing: the last of the human freedoms to choose one's attitude in any given set of circumstances, to choose one's own way.-Vikter E. FranklWhat does this quote mean? Do you agree or disagree why or why not? How does someone's attitude effect a situation? What do think other human freedoms are?Write it in at least 3-5 sentences 1) LOK LO= LK = 5cm LB=3cm Find the area of triangle LOK, whereLO=LK = 5 cm and LB = 3 cm. Ans: 12 cm? ~ I already know this ~ who was the bits victim in five nights at freddys 4 ___10 points___ How did the invention of the cotton gin in 1793 affect the use of slave labor in the South? Although the cotton gin affected the tasks performed by enslaved workers, the number of workers needed remained constant. Although the cotton gin did not alter the tasks performed by enslaved workers, the number of workers sharply increased. Because the cotton gin was so efficient, plantation owners needed fewer enslaved workers to produce cotton. Because the cotton gin processed cotton so quickly, farmers needed increasing numbers of enslaved workers. The circumference of a circle is 6 m. What is the area, in square meters? Express your answer in terms of \pi. . Frosty Snacks sells ice cream in a cylindrical cup and in cones.The small cup of ice cream has a height of 4 inches and a radiusof 2 inches. The small cone has a height of 6 inches and adiameter of 5 inches. How much more ice cream will fit into asmall cup than a small cone? Use 3.14 for pi. PLS HELPPPPPPWhat are two or three things you learned about Romantic Music by watching this video?This https://youtu.be/UAKWm1LfSes is the vid pls help a fair number cube with faces numbered 1 through 6 was rolled 12 times the cube landed with the number to face up six times what is the difference between the experiment probability and the theorical probability of the number two landing face up 1/3 1/2 1/6 2/3 After World War II, one leader wanted to spread communism throughout Europe. Who was this leader?King George VIAdolf HitlerJoseph StalinHarry Truman When there is no pattern to apopulation's growth, it is known asA. irregularB. stableC. irruptiveD. cyclical How many moles of argon, Ar, are in 1.311024 Ar atoms? What do these gases form in the atmosphere that is detrimental? How does this then negatively affect plants, animals and the environment?referring to: Sulfuric acid and Sulfur trioxide. Explain how medicines that you can get without a prescription be more dangerous than those with a prescription. Use evidence from the text to support your answer. Self-reflection can improve your understanding of a subject and help you do better in school. Write about your experiences on a recent test for which you received a poor grade or a grade you wished were higher. Answer the following questions in your response. What did I do well? (Be specific.) What did I miss, and why? What should I have done differently? (Offer at least one example.) If I faced the same test again, would I do better now? Why? For the function f(x)=2^x the y intercept is (0,1). What is the y intercept of the function y=a2^x?A. (0,1)B. (0,-a)C. (0,a)D. (0, 1/a) A square has side length 3 units. What is the length of the diagonal? Why might an organism have more than one arrow coming from them in the food web Missing word "Gut, Ich ____ mein FC Bayern T-shirt an." a) fangen b)greifen c)ziehen