Answers
The chemical reaction that occurred in the leaf disks NaHCO₃ + H⁺⇒ Na + H₂O + CO₂. The reactant is sodium bicarbonate and the product is water and carbon dioxide.
To measure the net rate of photosynthesis under varying illumination conditions using leaf disks. Normally, leaf disks float; however, when carbon dioxide is introduced into the air gaps, the lead disk's overall density rises, and the leaf disk sinks. The leaf disks sink when sodium bicarbonate is added to the water because the bicarbonate ion serves as a carbon source for photosynthesis.
The process of photosynthesis results in the release of oxygen into the leaf's interior, which alters the buoyancy of the leaf and causes the disk to rise. Because cellular respiration occurs concurrently in the leaf, the oxygen produced by photosynthesis is used up. As a result, the net rate of photosynthesis is indirectly related to the pace at which the disks are rising.
We can investigate the effects of carbon dioxide supplies on the rate of photosynthesis because photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide as well. Water often contains some dissolved oxygen in modest amounts. By boosting the amount of carbon dioxide in the water, sodium bicarbonate or baking soda will make it more readily available to the leaves of our plants.
NaHCO₃ + H⁺⇒ Na + H₂O + CO₂
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Related Questions
which of the following options correctly express the relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure?
O the gas particles collide with the walls of the container with a greater forceO The surface area of the walls of the container decreasesO The gas increase in volume because the particles increase in sizeO The gas particles move faster O The volume of the gas sample will increase
Answers
The following options correctly express the relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure is C. The gas increase in volume because the particles increase in size
Charles' law is a law that studies the behavior of gases in chemistry, such as how temperature affects the volume of a gas under constant pressure. Charles's law describes empirical relationships in the form of special cases of the general gas law and can be derived from the kinetic theory of gases assuming an ideal gas.
According to Charles' law, if a gas is contained in a closed chamber with constant mass and constant pressure, then its volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature. So when the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the constant temperature, when the temperature of the gas increases, the volume will also increase.
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Can a 1.5 M solution be made from a 0.98 M solution? Explain your answer.
Answers
No, a 1.5 M solution cannot be made from a 0.98 M solution.
Explain molarity
Probably the most frequently used unit of measurement for solution concentration is molarity, abbreviated as (M). The ratio of the number of liters of solution to the number of moles of solvent is known as molarity.
Knowing the molarity (M) of the solution of a specific volume will allow you to calculate the number of moles (n) of a chemical dissolved in a solution (V). The quantity of solvent moles per kilogram is known as molality, which is a property of solutions. Since molality solely depends on the masses of the solute and solvent, which are unaffected by changes in temperature and pressure, it is a particularly advantageous way to estimate concentration.
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Select the correct collusion theory explanation for changing the rate of the given chemical reaction 
Answers
The more times particles from the solute and solvent collide, the greater the rate of reaction, according to the collision theory.
What would you say about the collision theory?The collision theory states that a collision between the reacting particles is necessary for a chemical reaction to occur. The frequency of accidents has an impact on the response rate. According to the idea, responsive particles typically collide without replying.
When two bodies, such as two pool cues, a golf club and a ball, a hammer and a nail, two railroad cars when united, or a falling object and a floor, abruptly and forcefully contact, it causes a collision, also known as an impact.
It is necessary for reacting chemicals to collide, and for that collision to occur in the right direction and with sufficient energy. The collision hypothesis must meet these three conditions.
To prevent food from spoiling, refrigerate it.
- Less force is used when particles clash
A reaction solution should have inert water added.
- Less collisions occur between particles.
Utilize a piston to compress the air/fuel mixture inside an engine cylinder.
- More collisions occur between particles.
Utilize a pressure cooker to increase the boiling point of water.
- Stronger collisions between particles
grind a metal till it is very fine.
- More collisions occur between particles.
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Complete question -
Select the correct collision theory explanation for changing the rate of the given chemical reaction.
Refrigerate food to keep it from spoiling.
Add inert water to a reaction solution.
Compress the air/fuel mixture inside an engine cylinder with a piston.
Raise the boiling point of water with a pressure cooker.
Grind a metal into a fine powder.
The order in which atomic orbitals are filled is based on what factor? (1 point) O The potential energy of the orbital. O The highest energy level available. O The overall energy level of the orbital. The available equivalent energy levels
Answers
The order in which atomic orbitals are filled depends on the relative energies of the subshells (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, and so on).
How are atomic orbitals filled?The energy of the orbitals in which the electrons are present is increased in this order, starting with the lowest energy orbital and working up to the highest energy orbital.Consequently, the primary quantum number (n) and azimuthal quantum number values affect the energy of orbitals (l). As a result, an orbital's energy decreases with decreasing values of (n + l).A shell has as many orbitals as the square of the primary quantum number, which is 12 = 1, 22 = 4, and 32 = 9. Three orbitals make up a p subshell, three orbitals make up a d subshell, and five orbitals make up a s subshell (l = 0).To learn more about atomic refer to:
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As of moon august 27, in average 2.0 ft of rain fell across the greater Huston area and southeast Texas measuring roughly 22,000 square miles. Calculate the volume of rain water in cubic meters.
Answers
According to the information, it can be inferred that the volume of rain that falls in this area is: 43,997. 64ft³
How to calculate the volume of water in this area?To calculate the volume of water that rains in the greater Huston area and southeast Texas we must multiply the value of the 3 sides of the cube (height, width, length):
2ft * 148.32ft * 148.32ft = 43,997. 64ft³According to the above, the volume of rain that falls in the greater Huston area and southeast Texas, would be 43,997.64 ft³
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A small speck of carbon the size of a pinhead contains about 2×1019 atoms, the diameter of a carbon atom is 1.5×10−10 m, and the circumference of the earth at the equator is 40,075 km. How many times around the earth would the atoms from this speck of carbon extend if they laid side by side?
Answers
Answer:
233.3 times
Explanation:
The diameter of a carbon atom is 1.5 x 10^-10 meters, so the circumference of a carbon atom is pi x diameter = 3.14 x 1.5 x 10^-10 m = 4.71 x 10^-10 m
If you have 2 x 10^19 atoms in a small speck of carbon and all the atoms laid side by side, the total circumference of all the atoms would be 2 x 10^19 x 4.71 x 10^-10 = 9.42 x 10^9 meters.
The circumference of the earth at the equator is 40,075 km, so that is 40,075 x 1000 = 40,075,000 meters.
Divide the total circumference of all the atoms by the circumference of the Earth:
9.42 x 10^9 m / 40,075,000 m = 233.3 times
Therefore, the atoms from this speck of carbon would extend around the Earth 233.3 times if they laid side by side.
true/false. after studying how many different elements absorb x-rays, harry finds that the atomic number of the element is always proportional to the square root of the wavelength of x-rays absorbed by the element, an example of the kind of that in the late th and early th centuries hinted at the structure of the atom.
Answers
The given statament "after studying how many distinct elements absorb x-rays, Harry discovers that the atomic number of the element is consistently proportional to the square root of the wavelength of x-rays absorbed by the element, an example of the kind of LAW that in the late ninetieth and early twentieth centuries hinted at the structure of the atom" is true because Harry's discovery defines the Röntgen-Kayser effect.
Harry's discovery is an example of the Röntgen-Kayser effect, which states that the square root of the wavelength of x-rays absorbed by an element is directly proportional to its atomic number. This effect was first observed by Wilhelm Röntgen in 1895 and later explained by Arnold Kayser in 1902. This relationship helped early scientists understand the structure of the atom and the role of the atomic number in determining an element's properties.
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Correct question :
after studying how many different elements absorb x-rays, harry finds that the atomic number of the element is always proportional to the square root of the wavelength of x-rays absorbed by the element, an example of the kind of LAW that in the late th and early th centuries hinted at the structure of the atom.
"
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determine whether each of the amino acids is polar neutral, hydrophobic, positively charged, or negatively charged. g
Answers
Based on these characteristics, amino acids can be categorized Asparagine (Asn), Glutamine (Gln), Serine (Ser), Threonine (Thr), and Tyrosine are polar, neutral amino acids (Tyr).
Alanine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Proline, Phenylalanine, Methionine, and Valine are among the hydrophobic amino acids (Val) Histidine (His), Arginine (Arg), and Lysine are amino acids with positive charges (Lys) Amino acids with negative charges include glutamic acid and aspartic acid (Asp) (Glu) It's critical to note that these categories are generalizations and that an amino acid's actual behavior might depend on its surroundings and interactions with other molecules.Based on these characteristics, amino acids can be categorized Asparagine (Asn), Glutamine (Gln), Serine (Ser), Threonine (Thr), and Tyrosine are polar, neutral amino acids (Tyr). It's critical to note that these categories are generalizations and that an amino acid's actual behavior might depend on its surroundings and interactions with other molecules.
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Raj is using rubbing alcohol to clean his typewriter. What is he MOST likely using it for?
Answers
Answer:
Dust And Grime
Explanation:
Guessing you do 7th grade k12 to
true/false. chemists knew that something other than mass influences the properties of elements if you were a chemist what questions wouild you ask about elements and their atoms that could help you discover more aobut their properties
Answers
True: Chemists knew that something other than mass influences the properties of elements.
The periodic table organizes elements according to periodic properties, which are recurring trends in physical and chemical properties. First, electrons are added one at a time across a period, from left to right. As this occurs, the electrons in the outermost shell experience increasing nuclear attraction, bringing them closer to the nucleus and more tightly bound to it. Second, moving down a column in the periodic table loosens the outermost electrons' bond to the nucleus. Thus, number of valence electrons, or valency, other than mass influences the properties of elements.
This occurs because the number of filled principal energy levels (which protect the outermost electrons from nucleus attraction) decreases within each group. The periodicity observed in the elemental properties of atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity are explained by these trends.
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50 grams of ice at -20°C is placed into a glass of water with 500 g of water at
20° C and sealed in styrofoam such that no energy gets in or out. After 10
hours what is the temperature of the liquid in the glass? Round to nearest
degree.
Specific heat of water is 4.18 J/(g°C)
Answers
Based on the specific heat of water, the final temperature of the liquid that is formed when 50 grams of ice and 500 g of water are mixed together is 23.3 °C.
What is the final temperature of the liquid that is formed when 50 grams of ice and 500 g of water are mixed together?The final temperature of the liquid that is formed when 50 grams of ice and 500 g of water are mixed together is determined as follows:
Heat gained = Heat lostHeat change = mc(T_f - Ti)
The heat of fusion = mL
where;
m is the massc is the specific heatT_f is the final temperatureTi is the initial temperatureL is the latent heat of fusion of ice = 0.334 J/gHeat lost water = mc(T_f - Ti)
c for water = 4.19 J/J/(g°C)
Heat lost water = 500 * 4.18 * (T_f - 20)
Heat lost water = 2090T_f - 41800
Heat gained by ice = mc(T_f - Ti) + mL + mc(T_f - Ti)
c for ice = 2.03 J/J/(g°C)
Heat gained by ice = 50 * 2.03 * {0 - (-20)} + 50 * 0.334 + 50 * 4.18 * (T_f - 0)
Heat gained by ice = 2046.7 + 209T_f
From heat gained = heat lost;
2046.7 + 209T_f = 2090T_f - 41800
2090T_f - 209T_f = 2046.7 + 41800
1881T_f = 43846.7
T_f = 23.3 °C
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10. corn can be grown at a rate of 1,000 kcal per hectare, and it takes 20 times more land to produce beef than it does to produce corn. which of the following equations would correctly calculate the amount of land needed to produce 10,000 kcal of beef?
Answers
1 ha/1000kcal corn X 20kcal corn/1kcal beef X 10000kcal, This equation could be used to calculate the amount of land needed to produce 10,000 k calories of beef.
Calorie counting is one technique for monitoring weight loss. A calorie is an energy unit. In the past, scientists have referred to a "calorie" as a measure of heat or energy that can be obtained from a variety of sources, such as coal or gas. Chemical compounds are composed of a large number of comparable molecules (or molecular entities), which are composed of atoms from various elements bonded together by chemical bonds. Because of this, a molecule composed of atoms from a single element is not a compound.
1 ha/1000kcal corn X 20kcal corn/1kcal beef X 10000kcal
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Which of the following chemicals can be made of amino acids, is stored in glands, and is secreted into the bloodstream to regulate body functions?
buffer
enzyme
antibody
hormone
Answers
Answer: Hormone
Explanation: Hormones are proteins hence being made from amino acids. They are stored in glands and regulates body functions. For example when you meet something you're scared of or something dangerous, your adrenal gland will secrete adrenaline which increases your heart rate putting you in a fight or flight situation.
for an experiment, you are asked to prepare a 2 m strong electrolytic solution. which of the following salts would you use? a) an alkali salt b) agbr c) pbcl2
Answers
For an experiment, you are asked to prepare a 2 m strong electrolytic solution. The salts you might use is an alkali salt.
ABOUT ALKALI SALTAlkali salts or basic salts are salts which are the result of neutralization of strong bases and weak acids.
Instead of being neutral (like some other salts), the alkaline salt is basic as the name suggests. What makes this compound basic is that the conjugate base of a weak acid hydrolyzes to form a basic solution. In Sodium carbonate, for example, the carbonate from carbonic acid hydrolyzes to form a basic solution. The chloride from hydrochloric acid in sodium chloride is not hydrolyzed, so sodium chloride is not alkaline.
The difference between basic salt and alkali is that alkali is a soluble hydroxide compound of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. Alkaline salts are salts that hydrolyze to form alkaline solutions.
Another definition of a basic salt is a salt that contains a certain amount of hydroxide and other anions. White lead [en] is an example. This is basic lead carbonate, or hydroxide lead carbonate.
This material is known for its high solubility in polar solvents.
These salts are insoluble and can be obtained through precipitation reactions.
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How many orbitals have l = 2 and n = 3?
Answers
There are five orbitals with l = 2 and n = 3. This is because when l = 2, the subshell is known as the d-subshell, which can hold up to five orbitals.
What is orbitals?Orbitals are regions of space where electrons of an atom are most likely to be found. They are three-dimensional regions around an atom's nucleus that are described by quantum numbers. Orbitals are organized into shells, or energy levels, which are determined by the principal quantum number. Electrons occupy orbitals according to the Pauli exclusion principle and the Hund's rule. Each orbital can hold up to two electrons, and the number of orbitals in a shell is equal to the number of electrons in that shell.
The orbitals are designated as 3d, 3dxy, 3dyz, 3dxz and 3dz2.
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Consider the composition. information from the SDS. What is a possible name of this compound?
A. Glycine
B. Glycogen
C. Glycerol
Answers
The compound that has been shown in the SDS is glycerol.
What is the SDS?We know that the term SDS is the acronym that stands for the safety data sheet. This is the sheet that is able to show us the behavior of a substnace. We know that it is possible to classify the compound by looking at the sheet.
In the sheet we have been told that the compound is non volatile and that the compound does not so easily ignite and it can be safely stored in a humid condition.
This tells us a lot about the properties of the compound.
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If you were John Dalton and had never heard of a mole, which of the following would you think were possible sets of formulas for the compounds A, B, and C, respectively
Check all that apply.
-NO2, NO8, NO10
-NO, NO2, NO4
-NO4, NO10, NO5
-N2O, N2O4, N2O5
Answers
The possible sets of the formulas are NO2,NO8,NO10 and NO,NO2, NO4.
What is compound?A compound is a material that is created chemically when two or more distinct components are mixed in a specific ratio. Chemical formulas, which display the symbols of the constituent elements and the ratios in which they are combined, can be used to depict compounds.
Strong acid nitric acid (HNO3) is frequently used in laboratories. It is a white liquid that is extremely corrosive and has a strong, choke-inducing odour. Different types of nitrogen oxide, a class of extremely reactive gases that include nitrogen and oxygen, including NO2, NO4, and NO10.
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How many electronically non-equivalent kinds of protons, and how many kinds of carbons are present in the following compound? Dont forget that cyclohexane rings can undergo ring flips. a) Kinds of protons: ____
b) Kinds of carbons: ____
Answers
The next chemical has 8 carbons and 16 different types of protons that are not electrically equivalent. Chemical compounds are materials made up of several related molecules.
Collection of atoms connected by Chemical compounds that come from various different elements. Because of this, a molecule composed of atoms from a single element is not a compound. Catenation refers to carbon's capacity to form extraordinarily lengthy chains of interconnected carbon-carbon bonds. There are enduring and powerful carbon-carbon connections. Through catenation, carbon may combine to form a wide variety of compounds. Atomic nuclei can be formed by the nuclear force joining protons and neutrons, both types of nucleons. The most common isotope of the hydrogen atom, represented by the chemical symbol "H," has a single proton as its nucleus.
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How does the availability of a substitute change people's decision to buy the "lesser" product?
Answers
The availability of a substitute changes people's decision to buy the "lesser" product through the fact that determines the significant function and attributes of the substituted facts and figures.
What is the substitution effect?The substitution effect may be defined as a product or service's decrease in demand or sales when consumers switch to alternative but comparable products that are cheaper.
This significant effect takes place when the product's price increases or a closely related product's price decreases. Close substitutes for a product affect the elasticity of demand.
If another product can easily be substituted for your product, consumers will quickly switch to the other product if the price of your product rises or the price of the other product declines.
Therefore, the availability of a substitute changes people's decision to buy the "lesser" product through the fact that determines the significant function and attributes of the substituted facts and figures.
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analyze the differences in the ideas held by various enlightenment figures concerning the roles of women in europeansociety
Answers
Despite being limited by traditional gender roles, women had more access to ideas during the Enlightenment. Learn about the impact of the Enlightenment and the position of women prior to that time.
Discover how they were treated and discover the results of the advancement of women's rights and liberties. The simplest way to digest and analyse the information provided here about this historical period is probably to grasp Immanuel Kant's definition of the Enlightenment, which was that it was a time concerned with acquiring the freedom to use your own intelligence. During the Age of Enlightenment, particularly in France, several women participated in the salon culture. Philosophers or intellectuals would meet with friends for intellectually stimulating salons, usually held at someone's home.
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Give the coordination number (C.N.) of the metal ion and the number of ions per formula unit in each compound below. C.N: Ions: Potassium tris(oxalato)chromate(II) Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) pentacyanoiodomanganate(II) cobalt in above compound manganese in above compound Diamminediaquabromochloroaluminum nitrate
Answers
The co-ordination number of all the compounds is 6 whereas number of ions in Potassium tris(oxalato)chromate(II) is 4 and number of ions in Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) pentacyanoiodomanganate(II) is 7 and the number of ions in Diamminediaquabromochloroaluminum nitrate is 2.
Coordination number in chemistry is defined as the number of atoms, ions, or molecules that a central atom or ion holds as its nearest neighbours in a complex or coordination compound or in a crystal.
1) Potassium tris(oxalato)chromate(II)
K₃[Cr(C₂O₄)₃]
3K⁺ + [Cr(C₂O₄)₃]³⁻
= 4 ions
2) Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) pentacyanoiodomanganate(II)
[Co(en)₃]₄ [Mn(CN)₅I]₃
4 [Co(en)₃]³⁺ + 3 [Mn(CN)₅I]⁴₋
= 7 ions
3) Diamminediaquabromochloroaluminum nitrate
[Al(H₂O)₂(NH₃)₂BrCl] NO₃
[Al(H₂O)₂(NH₃)₂BrCl]⁺ + NO₃⁻
= 2 ions
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which of the following correctly describes secondary active transport of protons and sugar across a membrane into a cell
Answers
Secondary active transport of protons and sugar across a membrane into a cell is correctly described as protons moving down their concentration gradient while sugar moves against its concentration gradient.
Secondary active transport is defined as solute transport in the direction of increasing electrochemical potential coupled with facilitated diffusion of a second solute (usually an ion) in the opposite direction. The coupling agents are membrane proteins (carriers) that catalyze the facilitated diffusion of the driving ion as well as the active transport of a given solute. The review begins with some energetic considerations, followed by a presentation of the kinetics of secondary active transport.
The energy stored in the electrochemical gradients created by primary active transport can be released as the ions move back down their gradients. Secondary active transport moves other substances against their own gradients by utilizing the energy stored in these gradients.
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Which of the following amino acids has a side chain that is capable of hydrogen bonding with other polar molecules?
a. Leu
b. Ser
c. Ala
d. Gly
Answers
Out of the given choices, the amino acids that has a side chain that is capable of hydrogen bonding with other polar molecules is Ser (Serine).
In the fields of organic and biochemistry, a side chain is a chemical group that is connected to the "main chain" or backbone of a molecule and serves as an attachment point for other parts of the molecule. A molecule's side chain is a hydrocarbon branching element that is coupled to a larger hydrocarbon backbone. This element is known as the side chain. There is only one amino acid on this list that possesses a R group that is able to form a hydrogen bond, and that is serine. Both serine and threonine have hydroxyl groups located on the side chains of their amino acids. Because these polar groups are located so close to the main chain, they are able to make hydrogen bonds with the main chain.
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The product of beta decay of the Manganese isotope 57Mn is...
A. 57^Cr
B. 55^V
C. 57^Fe
D. 61^Co
Answers
Answer: The product of beta decay of the Manganese isotope 57Mn is 57^Fe.
Explanation:
The outcome of the beta decay of 57Mn isotope is 57Fe. This happens because during beta decay, a neutron in the nucleus turns into a proton and emits an electron, which increases the atomic number of the nucleus by one, but keeps the atomic mass the same.
now build a model of liquid water. place your materials on a sheet of paper. the regular-size marshmallows can represent the larger oxygen atoms, and the mini marshmallows can represent the smaller hydrogen atoms. connect the marshmallows with toothpicks using the picture as a guide. create a total of four molecules. what was difficult about building the model?
Answers
To build a model of liquid water. place your materials on the sheet of the paper. The difficult about building the model is Connecting the marshmallows with toothpicks.
To build the model of the liquid water. place the materials on the sheet of paper. The regular size of marshmallows can be represent as the larger oxygen atoms, and the other mini marshmallows can be represent as the smaller hydrogen atoms. Then connect the marshmallows with the help of the toothpicks . Then create the total of four molecules.
Thus, the connecting the marshmallow with the help of the tooth picks was difficult about the building the model.
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a reaction -----is a chemical species that is formed and consumed in a reaction but does not appear in the overall chemical equation.
Answers
Intermediates are the reaction product of one elementary step, but do not appear in the chemical equation for an overall chemical equation.
What is chemical equation?
They are equations that make use of chemical formulae and symbols to represent chemical reactions. The left-hand side of a chemical equation represents the reactants and the right-hand side represents the products.Reactants are converted to products, and the process is symbolized by a chemical equation. For example, iron (Fe) and sulfur (S) combine to form iron sulfide (FeS). Fe(s) + S(s) → FeS(s) The plus sign indicates that iron reacts with sulfur.Chemical equations in chemistry are used as symbolic representations of chemical reactions in which the reactants and the products are written in terms of their respective chemical formulae.
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how many moles are in 301 grams of NaOH
Answers
7.5 moles are in 301 grams of NaOH
Define molar mass.
The mass of a substance in grams per mole is known as its molar mass. The periodic table contains a numerical value for molar mass that is identical to that for atomic mass; however, instead of utilizing the unit amu as is done for atomic mass, the unit for molar mass is grams/mole.
A mole is 6.02214076 x 10^23 of any chemical unit, including atoms, molecules, ions, and others. Due to the large number of atoms, molecules, or other components that make up any substance, the mole is a useful measure to utilize.
Molar mass of NaOH = 22.99 + 16.00 + 1.008
= 40.00 g/mol NaOH
To calculate moles of NaOH from 301g NaOH :
1 mole of NaOH is 40g
So 301g will be (301*1)/40
i.e. 7.5moles.
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which of the following is best described by the equation H2o (I) to H2O (s) + heat
Answers
Exothermic means that the temperature rises. The following equation represents the freezing of water to make ice. H2O(l) → H2O (s) Exothermic; energy is generated as water molecules form bonds during the phase transition.
Which phase transition is an exothermic formula?An exothermic phase transition occurs when the sample loses energy (heat) to the environment. Condensation is the right answer since it is the phase transition from gas to liquid.
Condensation is the phase shift that occurs when a material transitions from a gas or vapour to a liquid. The process of condensation is exothermic.
When the energy created in an exothermic reaction is released as heat, the temperature rises.
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Imagine a cell with a semi-permeable membrane that is selective to Na+ ions only. The equilibrium potential for sodium (ENa) = +58 mV if the concentration of Na" ions on the outside of the cell is 10 times the concentration of Nat ions on the inside of the cell:a. What happens to ENa if the extracellular concentration of sodium ([Na]o) is increased by a factor of 10? factor of 100? decreased by a factor of 10? b. Explain why ENa changes in the above examples in terms of the balance between chemical and electrical forces across the cell's plasma membrane_
Answers
This equilibrium potential (ENa) of the sodium concentration extracellularly is 116.
What exactly is concentrate?The amount of solute contained in a specific amount of solution is the substance's concentration. The molecular weight of solution in 1 L aqueous solution, or molarity, is used to express concentrations. Molar concentration, molality, mass percentage, components per thousand, milligrams, and parts per billion are examples of quantitative measurements of concentration.
What is the concentration principle?The responsibility of the parties to take specific procedural steps during particular stages of antagonistic hearings in order to expedite the proceedings and the court's decision constitutes the principle of concentrating as one of the main server principles of civil procedures.
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Disulfide bridges stabilize which of the following levels of protein structure?a) primaryb) secondaryc) tertiaryd) all of the abovee) none of the above
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Disulfide bridges stabilize the tertiary level of protein structure.
Although many proteins are composed of many subunits, their organization into quaternary structures is not universal. Usually, disulfide bonds will link β-sheets, α-helices, and loops; this indicates that they predominantly maintain tertiary structure, as opposed to secondary structure, which refers to local conformations and is maintained mostly by hydrogen bonds, making proteins more stable and less likely to unfold. As the pH of a solution rises, acidic groups on proteins are deprotonated, resulting in a net positive charge on the protein. The spatial structure of a protein, however, is critical to its activity. It can only recognize and bind to the molecules it's designed to work with in its natural state.
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