what is minimal concentration of chloride ion (in m) to form pbcl2 precipitate when solid nacl is added to 0.0049 m lead(ii) nitrate solution? ksp(pbcl2)

The order of the atomic radius is;  

1) Potassium, Aluminum, Carbon,  Oxygen

2)  Potassium, Aluminum, Carbon, Oxygen

We know that the atomic radius has to do with the distance between one atom and another in that are not covalently combined. We know that the atomic radius is a function of the group to which the atom belongs.

We know that the atomic radius increases down the group but would tend to decrease across the period as more shells are added to the atom of the element.

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Answer:

a: 1.181grams of iodine are present in the sample of soluble iodide.

b: 76.44 percent iodine is the mass percentage of iodine when excess silver nitrate was added to precipitate all of the iodide ions

Explanation:

We know that when silver reacts with halides it forms precipitate, silver when reacts with iodine it forms a yellow coloured precipitate of silver iodide which is an inorganic compound soluble in water. One odd characteristic of silver iodide is that it is photosensitive and may form metallic/dark silver if exposed to light. One of the most renowned albeit controversial use of silver iodide is that it is used to generate rain through clouds

Ag+ (aqueous)+ I−(aqueous) →AgI(s) yellow precipitate

2.185g x  (1 mole of AgI / 234.77 AgI)  x (1 mole Iodine/1 mole AgI)  x (126g of Iodine/1 mole of I)

= 1.181g

b)Now, mass percentage can be obtained by using the following formula

mass percentage = mass of solute/mass of solution x 100

iodine mass percent = (mass of iodine/mass of soluble iodide) x 100

= (1.181/1.545) x 100 = 76.44 %

mass percentage is the mass of the element/solute divided by the mass of compound or solution ,then the result is multiplied to get the answer. It can be defined as the weight of solute in a particular weight of solution.

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The future value of a single sum increases as the compound rate decreases.

Future value is the total amount received at a particular point in time if the initial investment and the interest earned on the initial investment are included.

Future value calculations are used for various accounting functions. The most common use is to understand how much money is in investment at a given point in time due to interest income.

The formula for the final value of the single sum is

              Future value = P ( 1 + i )n

where P is the principal amount

          i is the interest rate

          n is the number of years

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Answer:

A.

Explanation:

A probe was sent to record the event

The concentration molarity of NaCl is 3.76 mol/l.

The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute found in a given amount of solution. Concentrations are normally expressed in terms of molarity, defined because of the variety of moles of solute in 1 L of solution.

Calculation:-

mass = 21.5 g

volume = 100 ml = 0.1 L

the molar mass of NaCl = 58.5

mole = mass/molar mass

         = 21.5 / 58.5

        = 0.376

concentration = mole /volume

                        = 0.376 / 0.1

                        = 3.76

The Concentration of an answer is a measure of the quantity of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent or answer. A concentrated answer is one that has a rather huge quantity of dissolved solute.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Atoms emit light because excited electrons are returning to lower energy states, emitting the energy difference :- Bohr model. This energy always has a specific wavelength because the electrons can only exist in set orbits.

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Answer:

reactivity, flammability,toxicity some more

Answer:

fermentation of crops that are high in sugar (starch) or fat into ethanol,

Explanation:

With density 1.00 g/ml and a specific heat of 4.184 j/g we can see that the heat of the chemical reaction in joules is H = 1,596 J

We are given

Total volume of the mixture = 70.6 ml

Change in temperature = 6.1 °C

Density of reaction mixture =  1.00 g/ml

Specific heat of water =  4.184 J/g = 4200 J/Kg

Now Density = mass/volume

Mass of water = Density × volume

Mass of water =  1 g/mL × 62.3 mL

Now in order to find heat in joules, let's use the formula.

H = mcθ

m = mass of water

c = heat capacity of water

θ = temperature rise

Now substituting the values we get

H = 0.0623 Kg × 4200 J/Kg × 6.1 °C

H = 1,596 J = 1.5 KJ

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The frequency of electromagnetic waves with an energy of 9.89×10-18 J is 1.492 ×10^16 Hz.

What are electromagnetic waves?

These are the waves created due to the vibration caused between two fields, i.e., electric field and magnetic field.

In simple words, it originates from the oscillating magnetic and electric field.  The electromagnetic spectrum gives us a range of frequency, wavelength and Energies.

It is used to classify the electromagnetic waves and arrange them according to their order of frequencies and wavelength.

Frequency = Energy/ Planck's constant

f= E/h

h=6.626×10^-34 J s

⇒9.89×10^-18/6.626×10^-34

⇒1.492×10^16 Hz.

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the WASB has a slightly acidic equivalence point and SASB has a slightly basic equivalence point. This is because WASB has a higher concentration of hydronium ions than SASB.

Hydronium ions play an important role in acid-base reactions. It is the hydrogen ion that is released or taken up in the acid-base reaction. The higher the concentration of hydronium ions, the more acidic the solution. In an acid-base reaction, an acid donates a hydrogen ion to a base. Bases accept hydrogen ions. This creates new water molecules. The equivalence point is the point at which an acid and a base react with 1:1 ratio. At this point the solution is neutral. If the acid has a higher concentration of hydronium ions than the base, the equivalence point is slightly acidic. This is due to the presence of more hydronium ions than at the start of the reaction. If the base has a higher concentration of hydronium ions than the acid, the equivalence point is slightly basic.

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The copper bars and the surrounds would transfer energy energy be different if the bars were in an open system.

Systems that are isolated are ones whose energy is constant at all times. Heat is neither generated nor absorbed in isolated systems. An illustration of such an isolated system Thermos flasks are the ideal illustration of isolated systems. There is neither a gain nor a loss of energy because the thermally flask is completely insulated.

As a result, isothermal processes are not able to occur in closed systems. Q. In a thermodynamics cycle, the unit is in contact with an outside source of heat, and changes happen gradually to make regulating the temperature easier. An adiabatic process isolates the system.

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Answer:

nothing common dude

The concentration of Cd⁺² is  8.8×10⁻⁶mol/lit.

When there is no tendency for reactant and product quantities to fluctuate, a chemical reaction is in equilibrium. It is up to us to decide which components of a chemical reaction are deemed reactants and which are products, as well as the direction in which we write about them.

Cd(OH)₂ → Cd⁺² +2OH⁻

                    ↓

                   1mg/lit

Mass of Cd⁺² ⇒ 1mg/L×1 lit

Mass of Cd⁺² ⇒ 10⁻³gm

Mole of Cd⁺² → 10⁻³/112.4g/mol

Mole of Cd⁺² → 0.0088×10⁻³

Volume of Cd⁺² → 1Lit

Concentration of Cd⁺² →0.0088×10⁻³/1

Concentration of Cd⁺² → 8.8×10⁻⁶mol/lit.

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The absorbance of the sample with 34.780 percent transmittance is 3.54

What is transmittance?

Transmittance is the fraction of the incident light which passes through the sample and comes out successfully. In spectrometer, the detector detects the amount of light coming out of the sample and converts the reading into digital display. Absorbance is the fraction of the light which is being absorbed by the given sample.

The absorbance of the sample is,

A = 2 - log (-% T)

where, A = absorbance, %T = transmittance

A = 2 - log (-34.780) = 2 - (-1.54) = 3.54

Therefore, the absorbance of the sample having 34.780 percentage transmittance is 3.54.

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When the mineral grains flatten and align in parallel bands, a type of metamorphic rock called gneiss is created. It is a rock with  mineral grains made up of a variety of minerals.

such as graphite and quartz. High pressure and heat are used to form it. One popular and often found category of metamorphic rock is gneiss. It is created by igneous or sedimentary rock formations that have undergone metamorphic processes at high temperatures and pressure. In contrast to schist, gneiss forms at higher temperatures and pressures.

Compounds found only in living things are typically not considered minerals according to geological definitions. But other mineral grains, like calcite, are frequently biogenic is classified as organic molecules (such as mellite ).

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The ideal distance between a doorknob and the the ground floor is 34 inches.

In a lay man language, a doorknob simply refers to the handle which is usually used to hold doors in order to open or close the door. Every door of a building regardless of its size or location in the building must have a knob to always hold it with .

However, from the task given above, a doorknob should be at least 34 inches from the floor under normal circumstances.

In conclusion, it can be deduced from the simple explanation above that a doorknob should be ideally 34 inches from the floor of the house or building.

Complete question:

What should be the ideal distance between the doorknob from the floor?

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Sodium metal (Na) has properties with lithium metal (Li) because the two metals are located in the same group, namely group IA.

All elements in group IA are included in the alkali metals, except hydrogen, because the character possessed by hydrogen is "different" and does not match the character of other alkali metals.

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PCL₅ is the empirical formula of the compound.

Phosphorous pentachloride is it's if empirical formula and molecular formula are assumed to be the same.

Empirical formula is the lowest relative ratios of atoms that are present in a molecule or compound. It shows the simplest ratio and not the actual number of atoms hence should not be confused with molecular formula.

quantity of phosphorus : 4.14g

quantity of white compound after combining with chlorine : 27.8g

therefore quantity of chlorine = 27.8g - 4.14g => 23.66g

Molecular weight of Phosphorus: 30.97g

Molecular weight of Chlorine: 35.45g

For no. of moles= given weight / molecular weight

Moles of phosphorus= 4.14g / 30.97 => 0.1337 moles

Moles of Chlorine= 23.66g / 35.45 => 0.6674 moles

For empirical formula, we divide with the smaller entity i.e. 0.1337

Phosphorus: 0.1337 / 0.1337 => 1

Chlorine: 0.6647 / 0.1337 => 5

hence the empirical formula is PCL₅

Name of the compound : Phosphorus pentachloride

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The molar mass of the gas samples must be known to find the greatest concentration of molecules.

What is a molar mass?

A substance's molar mass is its mass in grams per mole of the chemical. A mole measures a substance's quantity of atoms, molecules, or ions. A mole is 6.022  1023 molecules of any given chemical.

Molar Mass calculation formula

M=m/n

M= molar mass

m=mass of substances (in grams).

n= number of moles of a substance.

How is molar mass determined, and why is it important?

One mole of material is weighed to determine its molar mass. Add the masses of all the components in a molecule to determine the molecular mass of the molecule by multiplying the subscript (number of atoms) by the atomic mass of each element in the molecule.

Using the molar mass formula,

M= 12/4 = 3,

It can be determined that 3 moles (or 3*avogadro number of molecules) are present.

Hence we can conclude that option (a) is correct.

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Chemists employ the mole, a very significant unit of measurement. The initial SO3 concentration is 0.28 M.

A mole is defined as 6.02214076 1023 of a particular chemical unit, such as atoms, molecules, ions, or others. Because there are so many atoms, molecules, or other components in any compound, the mole is a useful quantity to utilize.

When an element's standard relative atomic mass is multiplied by the molar mass constant, 1 103 kg/mol = 1 g/mol, the result is the molar mass of its atoms.

An object's mass that comprises 6.023 x 1023 of that object's particles is referred to as a mole. The SI unit used to measure substance amounts is the mole. Molecule is its symbol. According to the definition, 1 mole of carbon-12 weighs 12 grams and has a carbon atom count of 6.022140857 x 1023.

2.50 L is the container's volume.

Initially, there were 0.700 moles.

first concentration of SO3 =0.700 moles /2.50 L

SO3 = 0.28 M

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The numerical coefficients in a balanced chemical process describe the species-mole ratio. This mole ratio is used to compare two species' chemical compositions.

Take into account the balanced reaction for ammonium perchlorate's breakdown:

2 → N₂ + Cl₂ + 4H₂O + 2O₂

We can see from the aforementioned reaction that the amount of ammonium perchlorate that will react and the amount of oxygen gas that will be created are equal. Using the molar mass of 117.49 g/mol to calculate the moles of ammonium perchlorate

moles NH₄ClO₄ = 4.4 g / (117.49 g/mol) = 0.03745 mol

moles O₂ = 0.03745 mol

The oxygen gas moles will then be converted to mass (molar mass = 32 g/mol).

mass O₂ = 0.03745 mol * 32 g/mol = 1.2 g.

Therefore, the mass of oxygen gas produced by the reaction of ammonium perchlorate is 1.2 grams.

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COMPLETE QUESTION:

Ammonium perchlorate, NH₄ClO₄, is the solid rocket fuel used by the U.S. Space Shuttle. It reacts with itself to produce nitrogen gas N₂, chlorine gas Cl₂, oxygen gas O₂, water H₂O, and a great deal of energy. What mass of oxygen gas is produced by the reaction of 4.4g of ammonium perchlorate?

The correct answer is option D.

The statement that formed the basis of Dalton’s atomic theory is atoms are the smallest particles of matter and cannot be divided farther.

In 1808, Dalton presented a theory named atomic theory which suggests that atoms are the smallest particles of an element and it is impossible to divide them further.

According to his theory every element is composed of these tiny particles.

Furthermore, his theory suggests that atoms neither can be divided nor destroyed.

In a particular matter, for example gold, all atoms have similar properties while their mass varies for every single different element.

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The complete question is:

Which of these statements is one of the conclusions that formed the basis of Dalton’s atomic theory?

a. Atoms can only change into atoms of another element through nuclear reactions.

b. Atoms of gases have less mass than atoms of liquids and solids.

c. Atoms of a particular element all have the same number of protons.

d. Atoms are the smallest particles of matter and cannot be divided farther.

40.4 C

So far q(rxn) = q(water) + q(CaCl2) (136g)(4.184J/°Cg)(Tfinal - 25.0°C) = (125g)(4.184)(Tfinal - 25.0°c) + (11g)c(Tfinal - 25.0°C).

The specific heat capacity is measured in J/(kg K) or J/(kg °C), and it is the amount of heat (J) absorbed per unit mass (kg) of the material when its temperature rises by 1 K (or 1 °C).The average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system is measured by temperatures. The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that when two objects are in thermal equilibrium, no heat is transferred between them, resulting in an equalisation of their temperatures.

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Answer:

An atom changes from a ground state to an excited state by taking on energy from its surroundings in a process called absorption. The electron absorbs the energy and jumps to a higher energy level. In the reverse process, emission, the electron returns to the ground state by releasing the extra energy it absorbed.

The heat (q) in kJ released with combustion of methanol using 801 grams of water and the change in temperature is 4.3 degree Celsius. the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/(g °C) is 14397.17 J.

given that :

The specific heat capacity is given as :

q = mc ΔT

where ,

m = mass = 801 g

c = specific heat capacity = 4.18 J/g °C

ΔT = change in temperature = 4.3  °C

q = heat = ?

now, by solving the values we get :

q = mc ΔT

q = 801 × 4.18 × 4.3

q = 14397.17 J

Thus, The heat (q) in kJ released with combustion of methanol using 801 grams of water and the change in temperature is 4.3 degree Celsius. the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/(g °C) is 14397.17 J.

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984 kpa is the absolute pressure of gas cylinder when full.

101 kpa is the absolute pressure of gas cylinder when it’s empty.

Pressure is the force exerted on a particular surface area and we know that Absolute pressure is equal to the sum of gauge pressure and atmospheric pressure .Barometric pressure is the best example for absolute referenced pressure. Absolute pressure is measured in N/m² or pascal & kpa which is short for kilopascal

P(absolute)=P(gauge)+P(atm)

Here P(gauge) is pressure due to the contents present inside the cylinder

P(atm) is the pressure exerted by the atmosphere

=>883 kpa+101 kpa =984 kpa when full

Note that when the cylinder is empty the gauge pressure is zero as there is no substance to exert pressure So, only atmospheric pressure is exerted.

P(absolute)=0(because the cylinder is empty) + 101 kpa

Therefore P(absolute) =101 kpa when cylinder is empty.

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Option C. The character has a mass of 85. zero kg and weighs 305 N mercury is three.59 Venus is eight.87 Earth is 9. eighty-one mars three.77: C.earth

Earth is expected to be 4.54 billion years old, plus or minus about 50 million years. Scientists have scoured the Earth looking for the oldest rocks to radiometrically date. In northwestern Canada, they determined rocks approximately four.03 billion years vintage.

The earliest existence on earth might have been just as purple as its miles green nowadays, a scientist claims. ancient microbes might have used a molecule other than chlorophyll to harness the solar rays, one which gave the organisms a violet hue. The third planet from the sun, Earth is the handiest region in the acknowledged universe shown to host existence. With a radius of 3,959 miles, Earth is the 5th largest planet in our sun machine, and it's the handiest one regarded as positive to have liquid water on its floor. Earth is also unique in phrases of monikers.

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