The majority of comets and asteroids have not changed much since they were formed in the nebula.
What components make up comets?
The principal components of comets, which resemble dirty snowballs, are ice and freezing carbon dioxide, as well as some sand and biological molecules that were left over from Planetary System's origin. They function as "time capsules," revealing to us the circumstances of our Known Universe 4,5 billion years ago.
Which comet made the largest impact on Earth?
The nucleus of this comet has a diameter of 119 kilometers, according to recent measurements made the with Hubble Space Telescope. making it by far the largest comet ever discovered. Only 5 kilometers broad, the asteroid collision that triggered the last extinction event on Earth about 65 million years ago.
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1. suppose that the slit width was less than the wavelength of light being used for the first part of the experiment. how many orders of minima would you expect to see?
If the slit width was less than the wavelength of light being used for the first part of the experiment, then you would expect to see only a single order of minima.
What is minima?
The largest and lowest value of a function, either within a specific range (the neighbourhood or relative extrema) or on the entire domain, are collectively referred to as extrema (plural of extremum) in mathematical analysis (the global or absolute extrema). One of the earliest mathematicians to suggest the general method of adequacy for determining the minima and maxima of functions was Pierre de Fermat.
The minimum and maximum of a set are the greatest as well as least elements in the set, as defined by set theory. There are no minimum or maximum values in unbounded infinite sets, like the set of real numbers.
This is because when the slit width is less than the wavelength of light, the diffraction pattern is dominated by the single slit and the interference of light waves is insignificant, resulting in a single order of minima.
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when the barrel is full it has a much blank moment of inertia and resistance to changes in its rotation, so it will be a blank stable moving platform than the empty barrel.
It will be a more stable moving platform than the empty barrel when the barrel is full because it has significantly more moment of inertia and resistance to variations in rotation.
The moment of inertia of a rigid body—also referred to as the mass moment of inertia, angular mass, second moment of mass, or—most precisely—rotational inertia—determines the torque required for a desired angular acceleration about a rotational axis, much like mass determines the force required for a desired acceleration. The term "rotation" refers to an object moving in a circle around its centre. A rotation around the centre point is conceivable for various shapes. A rotation in mathematics corresponds to a map.
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The shaft has an outer diameter of 100 mm and an inner diameter of 80 mm. It is subjected to the three torques T1=4 kN⋅m, T2=19 kN⋅m, T3=15 kN⋅m. The smooth bearings A and B do not resist torque.
Shaft C E has gears at C D and E, with bearing B between C and D and bearing A between D and E. The gears exert the following torques in kilo Newton meters: C, T1 clockwise; D, T2 counterclockwise; E, T3 clockwise.
Determine the absolute maximum shear stress in the shaft.
Express your answer to three significant figures and include appropriate units.
The absolute maximum shear stress in the shaft are Tmax = 129.4 MPa for the shaft that has an outer diameter of 100 mm and an inner diameter of 80 mm.
The shaft constitutes an important aspect of the hole shaft motor, that's utilized in electrically powered vehicles, along with trains. Hollow shafts also are appropriate for the development of jigs and furnishings in addition to computerized machines.
Here we have diameter of 80 mm and outer diameter of 100 mm .
[tex]T = π / 16 × T × (D^4 -d^4)/D\\15×1000 = π/16 × T × 0.1^4 - 0.08^4 /0.1\\Tmax = 129.4 × 10 ^6 N/m^2\\Tmax = 129.4 MPa.[/tex]
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a 600-kg satellite is in a circular orbit about earth at a height above earth equal to earth’s mean radius. find (a) the satellite’s orbital speed,
A 600-kg satellite is in a circular orbit about earth at a height above earth equal to earth’s mean radius. find (a) the satellite’s orbital speed.
T = 39.8hr
mass of the satellite = 600 Kg
mass of earth = 5.98 x 10²⁴ Kg
height of the satellite
r = 2 R_e
R_e is radius of earth = 6.38 x 10⁶ m
Assuming orbital velocity of the satellite
v = 5.59 x 10³ m/s
time period = 2 pi r/v
time period = 2pi*2*6.38*10^6/5.59*10^3
T = 14342.3 s
T = 14342.3/60*60 Hr
T = 3.98 Hr
An orbit is a regular, repeating course that one object in area takes around any other one. An item in an orbit is called a satellite tv for pc. A satellite can be herbal, like Earth or the moon. Many planets have moons that orbit them. A satellite tv for pc can also be guy-made, just like the global space Station.
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how are solar power plants help humans harness
energy.
Answer:
by collecting the sun's heat. Solar thermal power plants use heat from the sun to create steam, which can then be used to make electricity. On a smaller scale, solar panels that harness thermal energy can be used for heating water in homes, other buildings, and swimming pools.
Explanation:
Two boys are riding their bikes in the same direction. Tommy and his bike have a total mass of 126kg and are riding at 8.4m/s. Tommy then crashes into his friend, Bob, who is riding with an initial velocity Of 6.8m/s. When they collide, their bikes get stuck together and they fly off the track together with a velocity of 7.9m/s. What is the mass of Bob and his bike? INELASTIC COLLISION
The mass of Bob and his bike is 57.27 kg.
What is velocity?The rate at which a body's displacement changes in relation to time is known as its velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction. SI unit of velocity is meter/second.
Given parameters:
Total mass of Tommy and his bike: m = 126 kg
Velocity of Tommy and his bike before collision: u = 8.4m/s.
Velocity of Bob and his bike before collision: U = 6.8m/s.
Velocity of them when they stuck together: v = 7.9 m/s.
We have to find: mass of Bob and his bike: M = ?
From principle of conservation of momentum in inelastic collision:
mu + MU = (m+M)v
⇒ 126×8.4 + 6.8 M = (126 +M)×7.9
⇒ M(7.9-6.8) = 126(8.4-7.9)
⇒M = 57.27 kg
Hence, the mass of Bob and his bike is 57.27 kg.
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A uniform solid 5.25-kg cylinder is released from rest and rolls without slipping down an inclined plane inclined at 18° to the horizontal. How fast is it moving after it has rolled 2.2 m down the plane? O 3.0 m/s O 4.3 m/s O 5.2 m/s O 3.7 m/s O 2.6 m/s
A uniform solid 5.25-kg cylinder is released from rest and rolls without slipping down an inclined plane inclined at 18° to the horizontal. fast is it moving after it has rolled 2.2 m down the plane =O 2.6 m/s
Definition: This type of uniform is defined as the movement of an item in which the object travels in a direct line, and its velocity stays steady along that line because it covers identical distances in the same intervals of time, irrespective of the period of time.
If the velocity of an object transferring alongside an instant line maintains changing, its movement is referred to as non–uniform. An item shifting alongside an immediate line with a steady speed is stated to be in uniform motion.
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three 4.0-pf capacitors are connected in parallel across the terminals of a 60.0-hz generator. what is the capacitive reactance of the circuit?
The Capacitive reactance of the circuit is 221 ohms. The capacitor draws a charging current from the supply and charges up to a value equal to the applied voltage.
From the question, we have
Capacitors connected in parallel
Cequ = 4 + 4 + 4 = 12 muF
Xc = 1 / 2 pi f C = 1 / (2 pi * 60 * 12 * 10-6)
Capacitive reactance = 221 ohms
Capacitive reactance :
When a DC voltage is supplied to a capacitor, as we saw in the RC Network tutorial, the capacitor draws a charging current from the supply and charges up to a value equal to the applied voltage. The charge stored in the capacitor also decreases and discharges as the supply voltage is lowered. The internal impedance of the capacitor limits the current that can travel through it when it charges or discharges. This internal impedance is frequently referred to as capacitive reactance and is represented by the Ohms symbol XC.
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rewrite your result for g(r) in terms of gp , the gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet, times a function of r. express your answer in terms of gp , r , and rp
The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet, times a function of r is g = mG/r².
Gravitational acceleration is described as an object receiving acceleration due to the gravitational force acting on it.
It is represented by 'g' and its unit is m/s². Gravitational acceleration is a vector quantity, that is, it has both magnitude and direction.From Newton's second law of motion we can write
F=ma
Here, F is the force acting on the object.
m is its mass and
"a" is the acceleration.
Also according to Newton's law of gravity we can write,
Fg = GmM / (r+h)²
Also a = Fg/M
a = g = {GmM / (r+h)²} / M
g = Gm/r²
The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet, times a function of r is g = mG/r².
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a 0.20 m long metal wire has a radius of 1 cm and a resistance of 3.2x10-5 ω. what is the resistivity of the metal?
The metal has a resistance of 5.0x10-8 ohm x m.
Given: radius=1cm , resistance=3.2x10¬⁵ω .
What does circuit resistance mean?Using ohms () as the unit, resistance acts as a gauge to quantify how easily current will flow through a circuit. When resistance falls, current rises, and when resistance rises, current falls. In order to make sure that current is flowing in circuits at the proper rate, resistors are crucial.
Why does resistance exist?When electricity flows through with a conducting, such a metal wire, an electric current occurs. The electrons in the metal may clash with the travelling electrons. Resistance is created as a result, making it harder for current to flow.
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the masses of the javelin, discus, and shot are 0.80 kg, 2.0 kg, and 7.2 kg, respectively, and record throws in the corresponding track events are about 98 m, 74 m, and 23 m, respectively. neglecting air resistance, (a) calculate the minimum initial kinetic energies that would produce these throws, and (b) estimate the average force exerted on each object during the throw, assuming the force acts over a distance of 2.0 m. (c) do your results suggest that air resistance is an important factor? [hint: think about if the same muscle power used in a shot throw would produce the same range for a javelin when air resistance is neglected.]
Let us assume θ = 45⁰, so sin(2θ) = 1
R = v² x sin(2θ) / g = v² / g
v² = R x g
a) To find the kinetic energy,
E = 0.5 x mv² = 0.5 x R x g
E(javelin) = 0.5 x 0.8 x 9.8 = 384 J
E(discuss) = 0.5 x 2 x 74 x 9.8 = 725.2 J
E(shot) = 0.5 x 7.2 x 23 x 9.8 = 811.4 J
b) To find the average force exerted,
F = W / Δx = Δk / Δx
F(javelin) = 384 / 2 = 192 N
F(discuss) = 725.2 / 2 = 363 N
F(shot) = 811.4 / 2 = 406 N
c) Yes, air resistance is an important factor.
Therefore, air resistance must affect each of them very differently because the average force the person could throw with, should be same.
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a spiral galaxy with a very small central bulge and clumpy spiral arms would be classified as what type of galaxy?
A spiral galaxy with a very small central bulge and clumpy spiral arms would be classified as Sc/SBc.
According to the closeness of their spiral, the clumpy of their spiral arms, and the size of their central bulge. These contrasts can be tracked back to the comparitive amounts of gas and dust contained within the galaxies.
A spiral galaxy has a rotating circular disc with spiral arms that curve out from a thick central region. The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy. Four categories which are used to analyze galaxies are
spiral barred spiralellipticalirregularA galaxy's bulge is a central, spherical structure composes of numerous amounts of stars, gas and dust particles. The dark material surrounding the center of the galaxy is gas and dust that is being thrown into the central region by the bar. The blue regions are the clusters of young stars.
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FOR CHEMISTRY:
A small package of Reese's Pieces candy contains 234 calories and 12 grams of fat. Assuming the package contains 36 pieces, what is the maximum number of pieces I could eat without exceeding 150 calories?
The maximum number of 23 pieces a person could eat without exceeding 150 calories.
What are calories?A calorie can be described as unit of energy. The large calorie, food calorie was originally described as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 Kg of water by one degree Celsius.
The small calorie was defined as the amount of heat required to cause the same increase in one gram of water. In physics and chemistry, the calorie usually refers to a small unit of energy. One calorie is equal to exactly 4.184 Joules.
Given, the 234 calories contained in pieces of candy = 36
Then 150 calories contain by pieces of candy = (36/234) ×150 = 23
Therefore, a maximum number of 23 pieces someone could eat without exceeding 150 calories.
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An 1300-turn coil of wire that is 2.0 cm in diameter is in a magnetic field that drops from 0.15 T to 0 T in 11 ms. The axis of the coil is parallel to the field. For the steps and strategies involved in solving a similar problem, you may view a Video Tutor Solution. Part A What is the emf of the coil?
The magnitude of the induced EMF in the coil is 5.56V.
The number of turn in the coil is 1300 and the diameter of the coil is 2.0 cm. The magnetic flux changes from 0.15T to 0 T in 11ms.
The induced EMF in the coil can be found as,
E = nAΔB/t
Where,
n is the number of turn in the coil,
A is the area,
B is the magnetic field and t is the time,
Putting values,
E = 1300 x π(0.01)² x 0.15/11 x 10⁻³
Solving further,
E = 5.56 V.
So, the EMF induced in the coil is 5.56 V.
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According to the principle of continuity, the velocity of a fluid multiplied by the cross section through which it flows at one point will equal the product of
A) velocity and cross section at another point.
B) velocity and pressure at another point.
C) a constraint factor.
D) none of the above
According to the principle of continuity, the velocity of a fluid multiplied by the cross-section through which it flows at one point will equal the product of velocity and cross-section at another point.
The principle of continuity, also known as the continuity equation, is the fluid mechanic's principle. Simply put, what flows into a defined volume over a specified period of time minus what flows out of that volume over that specified period of time must accumulate in that volume. The substance in that volume is depleted if the accumulation's sign is negative.
This is so that our eyes, once they start to follow anything, will keep moving in that direction until they come across another thing or object. A line with an arrow at the end of it, for instance, is a great illustration of the continuity concept.
Note that three conditions must be met for a function to be continuous at a point: At that time, the limit must exist.
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if electrons in an atom have the lowest possible energies, the atom is in the:_____.
An atom is in the ground state if its electrons have the lowest conceivable energies.
What is an electron ?
Even smaller particles that move like planets around the sun are found inside an atom, the very small unit found inside an element. These particles are moving so quickly that even a microscope cannot pick them out. We refer to these particles as "electrons," and they are very energetic particles.
The lowest energy state for an electron is called its ground state, which is the energy level it typically resides in. Each electron has a limit on how much energy it can have while still remaining a part of its atom. A quantum mechanical system's stationary sate that has the lowest potential energy is usually referred to as the system's zero point energy and its ground state. Any state that has more energy than the ground state is said to be excited.
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A spring with a spring constant of 125 n/m is stretched 2. 0 cm from its equilibrium position. What is the change in the spring potential energy?.
Answer: 0.025 J or 25 mJ
Explanation:
Elastic potential energy = 1/2 * k * x^2
Where k is the spring constant (N/m) and x is the springs stretch from the point of equilibrium.
=1/2*125N/m * (0.02m)^2 = 0.025 J or 25mJ
What mass of silver can be plated onto an object in 33. 5 minutes at 8. 70 a of current?.
Calculated on a scale where the atomic mass of hydrogen and oxygen are the starting points, the molar weights of silver is provided as m = 19.55 g.
How is the molecular mass determined?Using the mass listed in the Periodic Law or Atomic Weight Table, determine the atomic mass for each element. To calculate the molecular mass of a molecule, multiply the index (number of atoms) by the atomic mass of each element in the molecule and add those masses together.
what Are atomic mass and molar mass equivalent?Atomic mass of a single compound unit, whereas molecular mass refers to the mass of a single mole of a compound. In essence, atomic mass is the mass of the atom, and molar mass is the average mass of the compound's constituent parts.
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if the charge on q1 is doubled, assuming that charge of q2 and the distance of r stay the same, what will happen to the force between the two charges?
The force between the two charges will increase.
What is force?
An influence that can alter an object's motion is referred to as a force in physics. An mass-laden object can change its velocity, or accelerate, in response to a force by moving away from rest, for example. Intuitively, pushing or pulling can be used to describe force. As a vector quantity, a force is one that has both direction and magnitude. It is expressed as a newton in the SI system (N). F is a symbol that stands for force (formerly P).
The net force acting on an object seems to be equal to the rate that its momentum changes over time, according to the original formulation of Newton's second law.
This is because the force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the two charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Therefore, doubling the charge of q1 will increase the force between the two charges because the product of the charges will be doubled, despite the distance remaining the same.
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colton and jackson are participating in a cognitive development study at the local university. colton is a 9-year-old fourth-grader. jackson is a 13-year-old eighth-grader. the boys have to determine whether the speed of a pendulum's swing depends on the pendulum's weight, the length of the string to which the pendulum is attached, or the height from which the pendulum is suspended. colton tests the weight, length, and height variables haphazardly, reflecting his thinking. jackson tests the variables systematically, reflecting his thinking.
Coltan is likely to carelessly test the weight, length, and height variables haphazardly. However, Jason will most likely do systematic tests of the variables because this is when kids start to think scientifically.
What does auditing's haphazard sampling entail?
A nonstatistical method known as "haphazard sampling" is used to choose sample items without any deliberate bias and without giving a justification for adding or omitting any particular items.
What is an example of haphazard sampling?
The vox pop poll, in which the interviewer chooses any passerby, is an illustration of accidentally. Unfortunately, selection is susceptible to the biases of the interviewer and anybody who happens to pass by at the moment of sampling unless the population units are actually comparable.
What distinguishes haphazard sampling from random sampling?
By numbering each item in the population and using random number tables to determine which things to investigate, random selection ensures that every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen. Haphazard refers to the way a person chooses things, probably in an effort to mimic randomness.
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on the left dot below that represents the 2kg block, draw and label the forces (not components) that act on the 2kg block. do the same for the 1kg block on the right dot.
If acceleration is present, both the system's and the individual objects' accelerations are the same. Usually, a system analysis is done to figure out the system's acceleration.
An individual object analysis is combined with the system analysis. Any one of the two items is isolated and treated as a distinct, independent entity in the individual object analysis. The forces operating on the item individually are recognized and computed using a free-body diagram. It is customary to analyze each object separately in order to calculate the magnitude of any force acting between the two. One of the two methods that is frequently used to evaluate two-body problems is the dual combination of a system analysis and an individual object analysis.
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if a spinning star gets larger in diameter, what happens to its rotation rate? if a spinning star gets larger in diameter, what happens to its rotation rate? it will not change. it decreases. it increases.
If a spinning star gets larger in diameter its rotation rate is decreases.
As the radius of a spinning star decreases, some of its rotational inertia is lost, which results in a rise in rotational speed owing to the conservation of angular momentum. Because stars gradually slow down over time, much like a top spinning on a table, a star's spin rate depends on its age. The mass of a star also influences its spin; astronomers have discovered that larger, heavier stars have a tendency to spin more quickly than smaller, lighter ones. As the radius of a rotating star decreases, some of its rotational inertia is lost, which results in a rise in rotational speed due to the conservation of angular momentum.
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A 1,800 kg car is parked on a road that has an elevation angle of 7°. Suppose the coefficient of static friction of the kinds of rubber and asphalt involved is 0.65. Which is approximately the force of static friction between the tires and the road?
A 1,800 kg car is parked on a road that has an elevation angle of 7°. Suppose the coefficient of static friction of the kinds of rubber and asphalt involved is 0.65.The force of static friction between the tires and the road is 2149.8 N
To find the force, the given data can be,
m = mass of the car = 1800 kg
g = acceleration due to gravity
= 9.8 m/s²
Fg = force of gravity on the car
What is static friction?
When an object is static these irregularities get more time to be interlocked as compared to when an object is in motion thus the coefficient of static friction is more than the coefficient of sliding friction.
Force of gravity on the car is given as
Fg= mg
Substituting the values,
Fg= (1800) (9.8)
= 17640 N
Fs= static frictional force acting on the car
From the force diagram of the car, the static frictional force is opposite to the parallel component of force of gravity on the car . hence static frictional force must balance the component of force of gravity parallel to inclined surface.
Fs = Sin7°
= (17640) Sin7°
= 2149.8 N
Hence, the force of static friction between the tires and the road is 2149.8 N.
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when two carts of equal mass collide in an elastic collision, which cart has a negative velocity after the collision?
Similar to a head-on shot with the cue ball on a pool table, the projectile will come to rest and the target will move off with an equal velocity for a head-on impact with a stationary object of equal mass.
What is meant by elastic collision ?A collision is considered elastic if it does not result in a net loss of kinetic energy for the system. Momentum and kinetic energy are both conserved in elastic collisions.
Elastic collisions occur when there is no net loss of kinetic energy in the system as a result of the collision. Accidental crashes. Inelastic collisions are the kind of collisions when there is a loss of kinetic energy.
Elastic collisions preserve both kinetic and momentum energy. The total kinetic energy of the system prior to the collision is equal to the total kinetic energy of the system following the collision.
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in short-track speed skating, the track has straight sections and semicircles 16 m in diameter. assume that a 65 kg skater goes around the turn at a constant 13 m/s .
Part A
What is the horizontal force on the skater?
part B
What is the ratio of this force to the skater's weight?
The horizontal force on the skater is 1373 N
Define force.
An object experiences a push or pull as a result of interacting with another object called force. Each object is subject to a force whenever two objects interact. The two items no longer feel the force after the interaction ends.
The diameter of the semicircular portion of the track is 16 m.
Therefore its radius is, r = 8 m.
The tangential velocity of the skater is 13 m/s.
Therefore the angular speed is
ω = v/r = (13 m/s)/(8 m) = 1.625rad/s
The horizontal force on the skater is due to centripetal acceleration
a = r*ω² = (8 m)*(1.625 rad/s)² = 21.125 m/s².
The force acting on the 65-kg skater is
F = m*a = (65 kg)*(21.125 m/s²) = 1373 N
The ratio of this force to the skater's weight: 1373/65 is 21.125
i.e. centripetal acceleration
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If the expansion of the Universe is currently accelerating, can we conclude that the Universe will necessarily expand forever? Why?
The universe will expand forever.
Why is it said the universe will expand forever?
Cosmologists generally agree that the universe has a "flat" shape (i.e., parallel lines remain parallel) and will expand indefinitely. If the mean density falls below the critical density, there won't be enough matter in the universe to stop the expansion; the cosmos will continue to grow indefinitely. The galaxies will eventually grow progressively further apart. Everything in the universe is included, from the tiniest molecule to the greatest galaxy. The cosmos has been growing since the Big Bang approximately 13.7 billion years ago, and its size may be unlimited.
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consider the points p(,,) and q(,,). a. find and state your answer in two forms: and aibjck. b. find the magnitude of . c. find two unit vectors parallel to .
Two vectors are said to be parallel if and best if the perspective between them is zero tiers. Parallel vectors also are known as collinear vectors. The two parallel unit vectors are 0, 3/√10i, -1/√10 j.
Consider the points p(,,) and q(,,):
P (-4,1,0)
Q (-4,-5,2)
A. find and state your answer in two forms
PQ = (-4+4, -5-1, 2-0)
= (0,-6,2)
B. find the magnitude
|PQ|= √(0)2+ (-6)2 + (2)2
= √36+4
= √40
= 2√10
C. find two unit vectors
Unit vector parallel to PQ
= < 0, -3/√10, 1/√10 >
= < 0, 3/√10, -1/√10 >
In physics, magnitude is defined as the maximum size and orientation of an object. Size is used as a common factor for vector size and scalar size. By definition, we know that a scalar quantity is one that has only one quantity.
Force Magnitude is a numerical value that expresses the strength of a force. Example: Suppose the force is = 10 N towards the east. "East" is the direction, and "10" is the strength.
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Wave action works to straighten a coast as wave energy focuses around headlands and tends to disperse energy in coves and bays in a process called.
As wave energy concentrates at headlands and tends to disperse in coves and bays through a process known as wave refraction, wave activity helps to straighten a coastline.
What does physics define as a wave?A disruption or fluctuation that causes energy to be transferred gradually from one place to another in a medium. It might be in the form of an elastic deformation or a change in pressure, electrical or magnetic intensity, electric potential, or temperature.
What are the characteristics of a wave?Waves are the organized movement of disturbance from one location to another. There are two types of waves: mechanical and non-mechanical. Like sound waves, mechanical waves need a medium to travel.
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if properties are allowed to change within the control volume, the processes are called flow. (textbook chapter 5)
Transient-flow are processes that involve changes within a control volume with time.
Explain transient flow and its effects?
Unsteady flow is a flow in which velocity and pressure vary with time. A transient flow condition is when a change occurs in the fluid system, such as starting or stopping a pump, opening or closing a valve, or changing the tank level. Otherwise, the system is in steady state. In many cases, transient flow conditions exist as oscillating pressure and velocity waves for some time after the original event that caused them.
Transient flow is commonly referred to as surge or water hammer, and the terms are often interchanged. Strictly speaking, however, surge is when the fluid's mass vibration is the dominant force and the fluid's compressibility is not important. For example, two connected reservoirs vibrate up and down. Water hammer on the other hand is where the compressibility of the fluid has the dominant effect such as the sudden closure of a valve. Transient flow can result in significant transient pressures that may exceed the design limit of the pipes and fittings. Or it may be important to maintain a steady flow for example in the process industry. Therefore a detailed understanding of transient flow can be very important.
Thus, Transient-flow are processes that involve changes within a control volume with time.
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a large bird drops a coconut as it flies horizontally at a constant speed. when the coconut hits the beach below, where will the bird be in relation to the coconut?
Since the bird is traveling at a constant horizontal velocity, the coconut hits the beach below, the bird will be in a position that is directly above the coconut in relation to the coconut.
What is the free fall of an object?The free fall of an object refers to the motion of an object that is released from a certain height above the ground and allowed to fall freely under acceleration by the force of gravity alone.
Objects that are experiencing free fall, are accelerated by a constant value that is equal to the value of acceleration due to gravity.
Examples of objects experiencing free fall include:
a coconut fruit that falls off the treea mango fruit that drops off the treea person that jumps off the roof of a tall buildingFor the coconut dropped by a bird flying at a constant horizontal velocity, the initial horizontal velocity of the coconut is the velocity of the bird in the horizontal direction.
When the bird drops the object, the object will fall with a vertical velocity that is accelerated by g. The object will fall at a distance equal to the horizontal distance traveled by the bird.
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