The reasons for having a fixed water deluge system around the storage tanks in the event of a fire are 1. To fight the fire. 2. Protection of Property and Personnel. 3. To extinguish the fire. 4. Cooling and protecting the tank shell. 5. To avoid further damage.
Why have a fixed water deluge system around the storage tanks in the event of a fire?1. To fight the fire: The purpose of the fixed water deluge system is to help fight the fire by cooling the storage tank shell and lowering the fire temperature. The lower temperature reduces the risk of the tank shell overheating and cracking, allowing the storage tank contents to leak and spread the fire.
2. Protection of Property and Personnel: The purpose of the fixed water deluge system is to protect the storage tank and its contents, as well as the surrounding property and personnel. The fire could potentially cause a lot of damage and injuries if it were to spread beyond the storage tank. A fixed deluge system can keep the fire from spreading.
3. To extinguish the fire: The purpose of the fixed water deluge system is to extinguish the fire. The system sprays water on the fire, putting it out.
4. Cooling and protecting the tank shell: The purpose of the fixed water deluge system is to cool the tank shell and protect it from cracking. This is done by spraying a large amount of water on the tank shell.
5. To avoid further damage: A deluge system can prevent the fire from spreading to other tanks or areas of the facility. By cooling the shell, the potential for an explosion is minimized.
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H. W2 break even analysis milled tooth bit drilled 2,461 ft of limestone in 150 rotating hours. Other relevant data for this bit is: Trip time (T) = 8 hrs,Bit cost (B) = $3,000, Rig cost = 900 $/hr It is proposed to replace this bit with an insert-type bit costing 8,500. Calculate the rotating time required of the new bit at breakeven cost for equal penetration rates
The rotating time required for the new insert-type bit to reach the breakeven cost for equal penetration rates is 143.89 hours.
To calculate the rotating time required for the new bit at breakeven cost for equal penetration rates, we can use the concept of break-even analysis. Break-even analysis determines the point at which the cost of two alternatives is equal.
1. Calculate the cost of drilling with the milled tooth bit:
Cost of drilling with the milled tooth bit = Trip time cost + Rotating time cost
Trip time cost = Trip time (T) x Rig cost per hour
= 8 hrs x $900/hr
= $7,200
Rotating time cost = Rotating time x Rig cost per hour
= 150 hrs x $900/hr
= $135,000
Total cost of drilling with the milled tooth bit = Trip time cost + Rotating time cost + Bit cost
= $7,200 + $135,000 + $3,000
= $145,200
2. Set up the equation for the break-even point:
Cost of drilling with the milled tooth bit = Cost of drilling with the insert-type bit
$145,200 = Trip time cost + Rotating time x Rig cost per hour + Cost of the insert-type bit
= $7,200 + (Rotating time x $900) + $8,500
3. Rearrange the equation to solve for the rotating time:
Rotating time x $900 = $145,200 - $7,200 - $8,500
Rotating time x $900 = $129,500
Rotating time = $129,500 / $900
= 143.89 hours
Therefore, the rotating time required for the new insert-type bit to reach the breakeven cost for equal penetration rates is approximately 143.89 hours.
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