Heredity, Genes, and DNA
Perhaps the most fundamental property of all living things is the ability to reproduce. All organisms inherit the genetic information specifying their structure and function from their parents. Likewise, all cells arise from preexisting cells, so the genetic material must be replicated and passed from parent to progeny cell at each cell division. How genetic information is replicated and transmitted from cell to cell and organism to organism thus represents a question that is central to all of biology. Consequently, elucidation of the mechanisms of genetic transmission and identification of the genetic material as DNA were discoveries that formed the foundation of our current understanding of biology at the molecular level.
Genes and Chromosomes
The classical principles of genetics were deduced by Gregor Mendel in 1865, on the basis of the results of breeding experiments with peas. Mendel studied the inheritance of a number of well-defined traits, such as seed color, and was able to deduce general rules for their transmission. In all cases, he could correctly interpret the observed patterns of inheritance by assuming that each trait is determined by a pair of inherited factors, which are now called genes. One gene copy (called an allele) specifying each trait is inherited from each parent. For example, breeding two strains of peas—one having yellow seeds, and the other green seeds—yields the following results (Figure 3.1). The parental strains each have two identical copies of the gene specifying yellow (Y) or green (y) seeds, respectively. The progeny plants are therefore hybrids, having inherited one gene for yellow seeds (Y) and one for green seeds (y). All these progeny plants (the first filial, or F1, generation) have yellow seeds, so yellow (Y) is said to be dominant and green (y) recessive. The genotype (genetic composition) of the F1 peas is thus Yy, and their phenotype (physical appearance) is yellow. If one F1 offspring is bred with another, giving rise to F2 progeny, the genes for yellow and green seeds segregate in a characteristic manner such that the ratio between F2 plants with yellow seeds and those with green seeds is 3:1.
What can cause the loss of soil that is not protected by plant cover?
A chemical weathering
B. erosion by water or wind
C. mechanical weathering
D. too many organisms in the soil
B. Erosion by water or wind
How are ecological relationships important to ecosystems? how could ecosystems be affected if these relationships did not exist?
Answer:
Their important
Explanation:
Because with out them the ecosystems will fall apart because each organisms in the ecosystems relationships with each other effect the popular in the ecosystems rapidly and could mess up the flow if of ecosystems if the relationships didn't exist
Which cell organelle provides the support needed to allow the plant's leaves to be held upright?
Answer: Vacuoles
Explanation:
options: smaller, rises, ocean, low, high, sun, larger, sinks.
Answer:
answers;
sinks
high
larger
sun
Which of the following is a benefit of urbanization?
Answer:
Urbanization means modernization or developing areas. A rapid transformation of human comes under urbanization.
In cities there is a hub of arts, entertainment and education. So, the people who come from rural areas can explore more possibilities to boost their incomes. It is one of the benefit of urbanization.
Explanation:
Solar radiation warms earths surface and atmosphere and _____ gasses absorb the energy and radiate it back toward Earth’s surface.
Answer:
solar
Explanation:
Someone please do this for me, due soon. Worth good amount of points, I'll give brainliest, thanks and 5 stars.
Go around your house and hit (or tap) ten different objects. The objects should be different shapes and made of different material (choose things to hit that won’t break!). Each object is a different medium for sound. Try to hit each using the same amount of energy.
Answer:
.
Explanation:
how big is the bigest fish catch ever
winner gets brainlyest
Answer:
2,664 pounds
Explanation:
What process and type of resulting cells are represented in the diagram
below?*
D
с
A
00
R
KK
RX
13
MX
xH
What stage of Meiosis is shown below?
twinkl.com
O Telophase II and Cytokinesis
O Anaphase II
O Prophasel
O Interphase
Answer:
prophase
Explanation:
xd por que si lelwl11
4. A wave traveling at 200 m/sec has a wavelength of 2 meters. What is the
frequency of this wave?
Given that,
The speed of a wave, v = 200 m/s
Wavelength, [tex]\lambda=2\ m[/tex]
We need to find the frequency of this wave. The relation between wavelength, frequency and the speed is given by :
[tex]v=f\lambda\\\\f=\dfrac{v}{\lambda}\\\\f=\dfrac{200\ m/s}{2\ m}\\\\f=100\ Hz[/tex]
So, the frequency of this wave is 100 Hz.
The producer es in my food web are
Transfer RNA adds to the growing polypeptide by forming ___ bonds between ____ monomers.
A.
hydrogen; specific coded
B.
peptide; specific coded
C.
hydrogen; random
D.
peptide; random
Answer:
the answer to your problem is B
*PLEASE ANSWER ILL PICK BRAINLIEST*
Which of the following describes pods?
a.) a group of a marine animals coexisting in a group of a dozen or so
b.) fish moving in tightly packed groups, often at high speeds moving in near unison with extreme agility and never touching
c.) dense concentrations of copepods
Answer:
C dense concentration of copepods
Answer:
fish moving in tightly packed groups, often at high speeds moving in near unison with extreme agility and never touching.
Explanation:
Survival Instinct.
What would terminate translation?
Answer:the arrival of the ribosome to a stop condon, such as uga
Explanation:I’m taking the test right now
1. What are the six kingdoms in the six-kingdom
system of classification?
2. What are two things that make archaebacteria
difficult to study?
3. What is the most heterogeneous kingdom in
terms of morphology?
4. What is the difference between a kingdom and a
domain?
How does particle size affect the porosity of an aquifer?u
Answer:
Porosity is influenced by the differences in sizes of the particles in the rock layer. ... This rock layer has high porosity because smaller particles are not present to fill the empty space between particles. So, there is more open space between particles.
Hope this helps!
An earthquake sends out waves in all directions from its source
(epicenter). These waves travel through different materials in Earth.
Properties of a wave change when it moves from one material to
another. What property of a wave changes as it moves from one
material to another?
wave amplitude
wavelength
wave train
wave speed
Answer:
wave train
Explanation:
because a group of waves of equal or similar wavelengths traveling in the same direction.
11. How does thermal energy transfer in radiation?
Answer:
thermal radiation is a form of heat transfer because the electromagnetic radiation emitted from the source carries energy away from the source to surrounding objects
Fill in the blank:
_______ inputs to the system come from weathering of rocks, from windblown dust, and from precipitation, which can carry material great distances.
Answer:
Nutrient
Explanation:
Ecology can be defined as the scientific study of the relationship between living organisms such as plants and animals in relation to their physical and biological environment.
Nutrient inputs to the system come from weathering of rocks, from windblown dust, and from precipitation, which can carry material great distances. Various amount of nutrients are transported or transfered from terrestrial ecosystems through erosion and then deposited in aquatic ecosystems such as oceans, seas, and associated lowlands.
Erosion can be defined as a geological process which typically involves the wearing out of earthen (soil) materials and the transportation of these materials by natural forces like water, wind, etc. Soil erosion is greatest when the soil is steep.
Weathering can be defined as the physical and chemical breakdown of rock into smaller pieces called sediment. Weathering can be classified into two categories namely;
I. Physical weathering : it is the process of breaking rocks into pieces without affecting its chemical composition e.g temperature, abrasion and frost action.
II. Chemical weathering : it is the process of breaking rocks into pieces by chemical action which leads to changes in its chemical composition e.g carbonation, hydration, plant acid and oxidation.
How does energy from the sun travel to Earth? Choose the two correct answers.
A.
as heat
B.
as water
C.
as hydrogen
D.
as light
Answer:
the answers are a and d
Explanation:
Light, that is the main reason that we are able to see during the day because of the light
Heat if the sun is shining bright and youre outside you can feel the heat
have a great day :D
The graph shows three different projections of human population growth.
16,000
14,000
UN High
12,000
UN
Medium
10,000
Millions of people
68,000
6,000
UN Low
Actual
4,000
2,000 Estimated
0
If you assume that the high projection is correct, what is one way the larger
human population can ensure it has enough food?
The one way the larger human population can ensure it has enough food is by finding more efficient ways of growing crops. Therefore, the correct option is option B.
What is population?The term "population" is frequently used to describe the total number of people living in a particular location. To estimate the number of the residents within a certain territory, governments conduct censuses. The phrase has particular use in the domains of ecology and genetics and is also used to refer to plants, animals, and microbes.
An region with a sexual populace is one in which interbreeding between any two individuals therein is both conceivable and more likely than cross-breeding between individuals from other places. The one way the larger human population can ensure it has enough food is by finding more efficient ways of growing crops.
Therefore, the correct option is option B.
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A shepherd’s flock produces good wool, but the sheep are small and weak. The shepherd wants larger, stronger sheep that produce good wool. Which would be the shepherd’s best choice for selective breeding?
You could buy 1 bigger sheep and breed it with a smaller one :D
hope this helps
explain the central dogma of biology .
Answer:
The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA) to protein. It states that genes specify the sequence of mRNA molecules, which in turn specify the sequence of proteins.
Explanation:
I need help on this !!!
Answer:
D. None of the Above
Explanation:
Which of the following is an ethical concern regarding the biotechnology of stem
cell therapy?
O Whether the stem cells can be programmed into specific cells to help treat
certain medical diseases humans.
Whether the stem cells were harvested (taken) from embryos.
Whether the stem cells are used to produce GMO crops.
Whether the stem cells are used to make recombinant DNA.
Answer:
Other important ethical issues relate to informed consent of both donors of gametes and embryos as well as recipients of stem cells and stem cell products. Further, there has been some concern related to the commercialization of the process, justice, and the responsible conduct of research.
Explanation:
Is a fire salamander a specialist or a generalist?
Answer:
Often, these species have a very limited diet, or need a specific habitat condition to survive. Tiger salamanders are an example of specialists.
The percentage of oxygen in the air is 21.0%, but the percentage in air exhaled while breathing is
A. 21.0%
B. 18.0%
C. 16.0%
D. 14.0%
E. none of the above
Answer:
its c
Explanation:
Answer:
e
Explanation:
Explain the relationship between a leaf, plant cell, chloroplast and chlorophyll in terms of photosynthesis.
Answer:
Math Unit 2: Lesson 7
Area of a Circle
Area of a Circle Formula
(A = π r²)
1. Find the area of the circle below:
Area=
2. Find the area of the circle below:
Area=
Explanation:
what could the melting of glaciers cause? the answers are a- more fresh water b- calmer weather c- coastal flooding d- an increase in the birth rate
Answer:
it's mostly caused by unhealthy gases in the air such as greenhouse gases and carbon dioxide. however, it could possibly be c or a.
Explanation: