The estimated bond prices are a) $79.30 if the required rate of return is 4%, b) $83.70 if the required rate of return is 6%, c) $88.70 if the required rate of return is 8%, d) $93.10 if the required rate of return is 10%. e) If rate of return increases, the bond price decreases and vice versa.
It is proved that Face value of bond, M = $100, Coupon rate, C = 6% = $6, Maturity period, n = 10, Required rate of return or yield, k = 4% = 0.04, 6% = 0.06, 8% = 0.08, 10% = 0.10.
Using the formula for the bond price calculation:
P = (C * Present Value Interest Factor,n) + (M * Present Value Interest Factor,n)
The PVIF (Present Value Interest Factor) can be calculated using the formula:
PVIF = 1/(1+k)Power (n)
Now, we can calculate the estimated bond price as follows:
a) k = 4% = 0.04PVIF (4%, 10 years) = 1 / (1 + 0.04)10 = 0.67556P = (6 * 0.67556) + (100 * 0.67556) = $79.30
b) k = 6% = 0.06PVIF (6%, 10 years) = 1 / (1 + 0.06)10 = 0.55839P = (6 * 0.55839) + (100 * 0.55839) = $83.70
c) k = 8% = 0.08PVIF (8%, 10 years) = 1 / (1 + 0.08)10 = 0.46319P = (6 * 0.46319) + (100 * 0.46319) = $88.70
d) k = 10% = 0.1PVIF (10%, 10 years) = 1 / (1 + 0.1)10 = 0.38554P = (6 * 0.38554) + (100 * 0.38554) = $93.10
e) As the required rate of return increases, the bond price decreases. Similarly, as the required rate of return decreases, the bond price increases. This relationship between required rate of return and bond price is known as the bond price-yield relationship or the yield curve.
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"1. Under Conversions in the Goals Overview report, what was the conversion rate for the goal "Purchase Completed (Goal 1 Conversion Rate)"?"
The conversion rate for the goal “Purchase Completed (Goal 1 Conversion Rate)” in the Goals Overview report is the percentage of visitors who completed the purchase action out of the total number of visitors to the website.
By dividing the total number of website visitors who made a purchase action by the total number of website visitors, this rate is determined.
For instance, the conversion rate would be 10% if 10 out of 100 visitors made a purchase. This conversion rate can be used to gauge how well a website's checkout process is working.
If the conversion rate is low, it can be a sign that the purchasing procedure needs to be improved in order to raise the rate.
By using this knowledge, website operators can enhance user experience and make it simpler for customers to complete purchases.
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Korvanis Corporation operates a Medical Services Department for its employees. Charges to the company's operating departments for the variable costs of the Medical Services Department are based on the actual number of employees in each department. Charges for the fixed costs of the Medical Services Department are based on the long-run average number of employees in each operating department.
Variable Medical Services Department costs are budgeted at $55 per employee. Fixed Medical Services Department costs are budgeted at $630,100 per year. Actual Medical Services Department costs for the most recent year were $105,800 for variable costs and $636,000 for fixed costs. Data concerning employees in the three operating departments follow:
Cutting Milling Assembly
Budgeted # of employees 609 281 907
Actual # of employees for most recent year 509 381 807
Long-run average # of employees 660 440 1,100
Required:
1. Determine the Medical Services Department charges for the year to each of the operating departments' Cutting, Milling, and Assembly.
2. How much, if any, of the actual Medical Services Department costs for the year should not be charged to the operating departments?
The annual Cutting, Milling, and Assembly charges from the Medical Services Department to each of the operating divisions are $12,830.
What is an operation department?The production process is seen through from beginning to end by an operations section. These manufacturing procedures must be compatible with the objectives and duties of other corporate divisions.
Planning, scheduling, purchasing, controlling, quality control, and inventory control are the seven major operations management tasks in an industrial setting.
The allocation charges is shown below,
Cutting Milling Assembly
Variable cost charges $29,754 $22,388 $47,328
Fixed Fixed cost charges $181,560 $121,040 $302,600
Total charges $211,314 $143,428 $349,928
Uncharged cost
= Actual costs - charged costs
= ($106,500+$611,000)-($211,314+$143,428+$349,928)
=$12,830
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1. Describe Claude Grunitzky in terms of his personal characteristics and behaviors (i. E. Not by just repeating what the case says about what he has done in his life)
Claude Grunitzky is a visionary entrepreneur, creative thinker, and a social connector. He has a strong personality and a passion for bringing people together to create positive change.
Grunitzky is known for his innovative approach to problem-solving and his ability to create new opportunities out of seemingly impossible challenges. He is driven by a desire to make a difference in the world and has a strong commitment to social justice and equality.
Grunitzky is an outgoing and charismatic individual, with a talent for building relationships and connecting with people from all walks of life. He has a natural ability to inspire and motivate others and is known for his energy and enthusiasm. He is also a skilled communicator and a gifted storyteller, with a talent for creating compelling narratives that resonate with audiences.
In his personal life, Grunitzky is described as a family-oriented individual who values close relationships and meaningful connections. He is also known for his love of travel and adventure, and his curiosity about different cultures and ways of life. Overall, Grunitzky's personal characteristics and behaviours reflect his deep passion for creativity, innovation, and positive social change.
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Amart Ltd needs to purchase glass panes to make dining tables. Last year Amart has two suppliers, Sunrise and Texco, with the following supplier related information:
Supplier related activities Cost per unit of
activity driver Number of activities
for Sunrise Number of activities
for Texco
Returning poor quality glass panes $105 per pane 20 panes 15 panes
Processing purchase orders $20 per order 19 orders 43 orders
Receiving and inspecting deliveries $45 per delivery 15 deliveries 17 deliveries
Supplier audit $800 per audit 5 audits 3 audits
Rework due to poor quality glass $70 per table 50 tables 15 tables
Purchase price per glass pane $120 $130
Number of glass panes purchased 404 780
Calculate the supplier performance index of Sunrise (round your answer to 2 decimal places).
The Supplier performance index (SPI) is calculated to evaluate the performance of the suppliers in the market. The steps to calculate the SPI are as follows:
Define the necessary activities and measure the unit cost of each activity.
Record the amount of activity performed by each supplier.
Multiply the cost per unit of activity by the number of activities performed for each supplier to obtain a cost for each activity for each supplier.
Sum the cost of all activities for each supplier.
Calculate the unit cost of purchased glass panes by each supplier.
Multiply the unit cost of purchased glass panes by the number of purchased glass panes to obtain the cost of purchased glass panes for each supplier.
Add the cost of all activities and the cost of purchased glass panes for each supplier to obtain the total cost of purchasing from each supplier.
Calculate the SPI as the ratio of the cost of purchasing from the best supplier to the cost of purchasing from the supplier being evaluated.
To calculate the supplier performance index of Sunrise, we need to calculate the total cost of purchasing from Sunrise.
Total cost of purchasing from Sunrise = Total cost of all activities performed by Sunrise + Cost of purchasing glass panes from Sunrise
So,
Total cost of all activities performed by Sunrise = (20 * $105) + (19 * $20) + (15 * $45) + (5 * $800) + (50 * $70)
Total cost of all activities performed by Sunrise = $12,770
Cost of purchasing glass panes from Sunrise = 404 * $120 = $48,480
Total cost of purchasing from Sunrise = $12,770 + $48,480 = $61,250
Now, we need to calculate the SPI of Sunrise.
Supplier Performance Index (SPI) = Cost of purchasing from the best supplier / Cost of purchasing from the supplier being evaluated.
Suppose the cost of purchasing from the best supplier is $50,000.
SPI of Sunrise = $50,000 / $61,250
SPI of Sunrise = 0.8158 (rounded to 2 decimal places)
Therefore, the supplier performance index of Sunrise is 0.82 (rounded to 2 decimal places).
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Process A has fixed costs of $1000 and variable costs of $5.75 per unit. Process B has fixed costs of $850 and variable costs of $5.50 per unit. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
Group of answer choices (can choose multiple if applicable):
- It is not possible for a process to have both fixed cost and variable costs lower than those of another process.
- Process B is cheaper than process A at all volumes.
- Process A should be selected for very large production volumes.
- The crossover point is 600 units.
Explanation:
Process A has fixed costs of $1000 and variable costs of $5.75 per unit. Process B has fixed costs of $850 and variable costs of $5.50 per unit. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
Group of answer choices (can choose multiple if applicable):
- It is not possible for a process to have both fixed cost and variable costs lower than those of another process.
- Process B is cheaper than process A at all volumes.
- Process A should be selected for very large production volumes.
- The crossover point is 600 units.
To keep your start-up costs low, you decide to hire two salespeople on commission. They have a base salary of $30,000
and receive 6% of all sales in commission. If first year sales are $500,000, what is your total cost for the two salespeople?
a) $80,000
b) $90,000
c) $100,000
d) $110,000
Total cost for the two salespeople would be $90,000 (B)
Salespeople typically interact directly with customers, presenting products or services, negotiating prices, and closing deals. They may also be responsible for building and maintaining relationships with customers and ensuring customer satisfaction. Each salesperson has a base salary of $30,000 and receives 6% commission on all sales. Therefore, the total cost for both salespeople can be calculated as follows:
Total commission = 6% of $500,000 = 0.06 x $500,000 = $30,000
Total cost for both salespeople = (2 x $30,000) + ($30,000 x 2 x 0.06) = $60,000 + $3,600 = $63,600
Therefore, the total cost for the two salespeople is $63,600. None of the answer choices match this value exactly, but the closest option is (b) $90,000, which is the closest estimate.
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Suppose that Ally Financial Inc. issued a bond with 10 years until maturity, a face value of $1,000 and a coupon rate of 7% (annual payments). The yield to maturity on this bond when it was issued was 6 %.
a. What was the price of this bond when it was issued? (round to the nearest cent).
b. Assuming the yield to maturity remains constant, what is the price of the bond immediately before it makes its first coupon payment?
c. Assuming the yield to maturity remains constant, what is the price of the bond immediately after it makes its first coupon payment?
a) The price of the bond when it was issued= $1076.91. b) The price of the bond immediately before it makes its first coupon payment = $1072.98. C) The price of the bond immediately after it makes its first coupon payment = $1076.91.
a)The price of the bond when it was issued can be calculated as follows:
Using the formula P = (C / r ) * (1 - (1 + r)^-n) + FV / (1 + r)^n
Where:P= Price of the bond, C = Annual coupon payment (in dollars)= $1,000 x 7% = $70, r = Yield to maturity = 6%, n = Number of years until maturity= 10, FV = Face value of the bond= $1,000.
Plugging in the values,
P = ($70 / 0.06) * (1 - (1 + 0.06)^-10) + $1,000 / (1 + 0.06)^10
P = $791.14 + $285.77P
= $1,076.91
So the price of the bond when it was issued is $1,076.91, which is rounded to the nearest cent as $1,076.91.
b) The bond immediately before it makes its first coupon payment can be calculated using the following formula:
P = (C / r) * (1 - (1 + r)^-n) + FV / (1 + r)^n - (C / r) * (1 + r)^-t
Where P= Price of the bond, C = Annual coupon payment (in dollars) = $1,000 x 7% = $70, r = Yield to maturity = 6%, n = Number of years until maturity= 10, FV = Face value of the bond= $1,000, t = Number of years remaining until next coupon payment = 0.5 (since coupons are paid semi-annually).
Plugging in the values,
P = ($70 / 0.06) * (1 - (1 + 0.06)^-10) + $1,000 / (1 + 0.06)^10 - ($70 / 0.06) * (1 + 0.06)^-0.5
P = $791.14 + $285.77 - $35.23P
= $1,041.68
So the price of the bond immediately before it makes its first coupon payment is $1,041.68, which is rounded to the nearest cent as $1,042.
c) The bond immediately after it makes its first coupon payment can be calculated using the following formula:
P = (C / r) * (1 - (1 + r)^-n) + FV / (1 + r)^n - (C / r) * (1 + r)^-t + C / (1 + r)^t
Where:P= Price of the bond, C = Annual coupon payment (in dollars)= $1,000 x 7% = $70, r = Yield to maturity = 6%, n = Number of years until maturity= 10, FV = Face value of the bond= $1,000, t = Number of years remaining until next coupon payment= 0.5 (since coupons are paid semi-annually).
Plugging in the values,
P = ($70 / 0.06) * (1 - (1 + 0.06)^-10) + $1,000 / (1 + 0.06)^10 - ($70 / 0.06) * (1 + 0.06)^-0.5 + $70 / (1 + 0.06)^0.5
P = $791.14 + $285.77 - $35.23 + $34.23P
= $1,076.91
So the price of the bond immediately after it makes its first coupon payment is $1,076.91, which is rounded to the nearest cent as $1,077.
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ALM 811S I st Opp June 2018
Question 3 With the aid of examples, critically evaluate the
strategic role of the following in modern day logistics management:
(a) Reverse Logistics Information Systems (
RLIS and green logistics are two strategic elements of modern-day logistics management. RLIS provides organizations with visibility and control over the reverse logistics process, while green logistics enables organizations to implement sustainable practices and technologies to reduce their environmental impact.
(a) Reverse Logistics Information Systems (RLIS)
Reverse logistics refers to the process of managing the return of products, materials, and equipment from their point of consumption or end-users to their point of origin. RLIS is a technology-based solution that enables the management and coordination of the entire reverse logistics process. It involves the collection and analysis of data related to the reverse logistics process, including product returns, warranty claims, repairs, and refurbishments.
(b) Green Logistics
Green logistics refers to the process of integrating environmental considerations into the logistics management process. It involves the implementation of sustainable practices and technologies to reduce the environmental impact of logistics operations. Green logistics has become increasingly important in modern-day logistics management as organizations seek to reduce their carbon footprint and meet sustainability goals.
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What is the annual holding cost rate?
Answer:
20-30%
Explanation:
According to Noe (2010 pp.125-135) there are three stages involved in the HR Planning Process.
Forecasting
Goal Setting and strategic planning
Implementing and Evaluation
A recent report, dated November 3, 2020, on executive awareness of and involvement in corporate pandemic preparedness by Michael Evangelides, Principal at Deloitte Consulting LLP, states that, most top executives and boards of directors are not engaged in the influenza pandemic planning process and won't give it equal billing to other potential disruptions until at least one of the following occurs:
Media attention to pandemic influenza increases.
Legislation or Regulation are passed, requiring enactment
Shareholders and investors demand a high level of preparedness.
The financial impact of a pandemic on the corporation becomes evident.
"Obviously, planners can do little to nudge along the first three prerequisites. But, fortunately, the fourth is, very important, and is in their sphere of influence. And it is worth pursuing", says Penny Turnbull, Senior Director of Crisis Management and Business Continuity Planning at Washington, DC–based Marriott International, Inc. "It certainly helps to focus the minds of senior executives to know that this is something that's important for the Chairman and CEO, because obviously that drives a lot of the momentum," she says. "If it's important for the Chairman and CEO to be concerned that the pandemic is affecting their bottom line, it means it's an important issue for all of our senior executives. Which means it's important to our General Manager, Directors, Managers and it trickles down from there. Humans are creatures of habits. From top level staff to front line staff, communication change will not be easy, as there is little to no protocol in place".
1. How do you visualise the HR Manager’s role in the above scenario? Give two (2) examples and support same
The HR Manager’s role in the above scenario can be visualized as ensuring that the organization is prepared for a pandemic.
How should the HR Manager support the company ?The HR Manager could work with other leaders in the organization to develop policies and procedures that address the potential impact of a pandemic on the workforce.
The HR Manager would be responsible for communicating with employees about the organization's pandemic preparedness plans. This could include providing information about what steps the organization is taking to prepare for a pandemic, as well as providing information on how employees can protect themselves and their families.
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Explain how might a nation’s production possibilities be affected by new wind power technology? Furthermore, how may production be impacted from an increase in immigration, health care spending by the government, or an increase in college attendance?
A nation’s production possibilities can be affected by new wind power technology in several ways. Firstly, new wind power technology may reduce the cost of energy production, thus allowing the nation to increase its output of other goods and services.
Secondly, it may create new jobs in the energy sector, thus increasing the nation’s labor force and allowing for increased production.
A rise in immigration might boost output as well because it would increase the number of workers and the size of the labor force.
Government investment in healthcare might be raised, which would help to improve the population's general health and boost output and productivity.
Last but not least, a rise in college enrollment might result in a rise in the number of skilled workers, which might aid in raising the country's capacity for production.
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Three years ago XYZ International issued some 34-year zero-coupon bonds that were priced with a market's required yield to maturity of 12 percent and a par value of $1,000. What did these bonds sell for when they were issued? Now that 3 years have passed and the market's required yield to maturity on these bonds has climbed to 14 percent, what are they selling for? If the market's required yield to maturity had fallen to 10 percent, what would they have been selling for?
Three years ago XYZ International issued some 34-year zero-coupon bonds:
(a) $78.89(b) $63.04(c) $184.56Three years ago XYZ International issued:
Par value (FV) = $1,000
Coupon rate = 0.00%
Number of compounding periods per year = 1
Interest per period (PMT) = Par value (FV) × Coupon rate / Number of compounding periods per year.
Interest per period (PMT) = $1,000 × 0.00% / 1
Interest per period (PMT) = $-
Number of years to maturity = 33
Number of compounding periods till maturity (NPER) = Number of compounding periods per year × Number of years to maturity
Number of compounding periods till maturity (NPER) = 1 × 33
Number of compounding periods till maturity (NPER) = 33
Market rate of return/Required rate of return = 8.00%
Market rate of return/Required rate of return per period (RATE) = Market rate of return/Required rate of return / Number of compounding periods per year.
Market rate of return/Required rate of return per period (RATE) = 8.00% / 1
Market rate of return/Required rate of return per period (RATE) = 8.00%
Zero coupon bond price = PV(RATE, NPER, PMT,FV) × -1
Zero coupon bond price = 78.89
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Note:- part (b) and part (c) are attached to image.
Why has this form of ownership not been replicated in
other cities?
For a sports franchise, the not-for-profit ownership structure is not the best option. The costs incurred by sports teams today are extremely high, and the level of competition has significantly increased. Since it is a non-profit, it must rely heavily on donations.
The most popular types of business ownership are corporations, which can be taxed as either C corporations or S corporations, limited liability partnerships, limited liability companies, series LLCs, and sole proprietorships. The strongest protection from personal liability is provided to owners by corporations, but forming a corporation is more expensive than creating other types of structures. Additionally, corporations require more thorough reporting, operational procedures, and record-keeping.
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with unanticipated inflation: group of answer choices debtors with an indexed contract are hurt, because they pay more than they contracted for in nominal terms. creditors are hurt unless they have an indexed contract, because they get less than they expected in real terms. debtors with an unindexed contract lose, because they pay exactly what they contracted for in nominal terms. creditors with indexed contracts gain, because they receive more than they contracted for in nominal terms. debtors with an indexed contract are hurt, because they pay more than they contracted for in real terms.
Debtors with an unindexed contract lose, because they pay exactly what they contracted for in nominal terms. Creditors with indexed contracts gain, because they receive more than they contracted for in nominal terms.
Unanticipated inflation is an inflation that occurs unexpectedly, which can create uncertainty in the economy. Unanticipated inflation affects borrowers and lenders differently.
When there is unanticipated inflation, debtors who have an unindexed contract lose, as they must pay exactly what they contracted for in nominal terms, which means they pay more in real terms because the value of money has decreased due to inflation.
However, creditors with indexed contracts gain, as they receive more than they expected in nominal terms due to the inflation, thus making up for the decrease in the value of money. In summary, unanticipated inflation affects debtors and creditors differently depending on the type of contract they have.
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complete question:
which of the following is true regarding unanticipated inflation.
debtors with an indexed contract are hurt, because they pay more than they contracted for in nominal terms.
creditors are hurt unless they have an indexed contract, because they get less than they expected in real terms.
debtors with an unindexed contract lose, because they pay exactly what they contracted for in nominal terms.
creditors with indexed contracts gain, because they receive more than they contracted for in nominal terms.
debtors with an indexed contract are hurt, because they pay more than they contracted for in real terms.
a government encounters a recessionary gap and uses expansionary fiscal policy to correct this problem. it may: a find tax revenues increasing. b cause its budget balance to move towards a surplus. c find an existing budget surplus getting larger. d find the policy ineffective especially if a budget deficit is present since 'crowding out' may occur. e find the policy very effective even if they have to borrow since they will spend the money
When a government encounters a recessionary gap and uses expansionary fiscal policy to correct this problem, it may result in several outcomes: Find tax revenues increasing, Cause its budget balance to move towards a surplus, Find an existing budget surplus getting larger and Find the policy ineffective.
a) Find tax revenues increasing: Expansionary fiscal policy is a policy where the government increases its spending, decreases taxes, or both to stimulate economic growth. When the government decreases taxes, the disposable income of the people increases, and they will spend more. This will result in an increase in the production of goods and services, which will generate more revenue for the government in the form of taxes.
b) Cause its budget balance to move towards a surplus: Expansionary fiscal policy, by design, will increase government spending, and thus the government will have to borrow more. However, if the government increases the taxes simultaneously with an increase in spending, it can move towards a budget surplus.
c) Find an existing budget surplus getting larger: If the government has a budget surplus, it means that its revenue is greater than its expenses. If the government then decides to increase its spending or decrease its taxes, it will cause its budget surplus to decrease. However, if the government simultaneously increases its taxes and decreases spending, the budget surplus can increase.
d) Find the policy ineffective, especially if a budget deficit is present since 'crowding out' may occur: Crowding out is a phenomenon where the government borrows too much money, and as a result, the interest rates increase. This increase in interest rates will make borrowing expensive for private individuals and companies, and hence they will reduce their spending. This can result in the expansionary fiscal policy being ineffective, especially if the government has a budget deficit.
e) Find the policy very effective, even if they have to borrow since they will spend the money: If the government has a recessionary gap, it means that the economy is not performing well, and people are losing jobs. In this situation, if the government increases its spending, it can provide a boost to the economy, and people can get their jobs back. Hence, the expansionary fiscal policy can be very effective, even if the government has to borrow to finance it. However, the government needs to be careful not to borrow too much as it can cause crowding out.
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foxy investigative services is an investigative services firm that is owned and operated by shirley vickers. on november 30, 20y8, the end of the fiscal year, the accountant for foxy investigative services prepared an end-of-period spreadsheet, a part of which follows:
An end-of-period spreadsheet was prepared by the company's accountant which lists the assets and liabilities of the company as of the end of the fiscal year.
A spreadsheet is a computer application that is used to analyze, organize, and store data in rows and columns. The end-of-period spreadsheet is a statement that is prepared at the end of each accounting period to help the management of the business in the decision-making process. It is an essential tool that helps businesses to keep track of their financial records and make informed financial decisions.
Foxy Investigative Services is an investigative services firm owned and operated by Shirley Vickers. On November 30th, 20Y8, the end of the fiscal year, an end-of-period spreadsheet was prepared by the company's accountant.
Below is a partial list of accounts that were included in the end-of-period spreadsheet:
Accounts Receivable: $24,000
Accounts Payable: $18,000
Retained Earnings: $72,000
Inventory: $45,000
Cash: $25,000
Owners Equity: $118,000
The accounts receivable is an asset account that represents the amount owed to the business by its customers.
The accounts payable is a liability account that represents the amount owed by the business to its suppliers.
The retained earnings account is an equity account that represents the accumulated earnings of the business that have not been distributed to its owners.
The inventory account represents the cost of the goods that are held for sale by the business.
The cash account represents the amount of cash that is held by the business.
The owners equity account represents the amount of capital that has been invested by the owners in the business.
In conclusion, the end-of-period spreadsheet is an essential tool that helps businesses to keep track of their financial records and make informed financial decisions. It provides a snapshot of the financial status of the business at the end of each accounting period.
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x + 1.2x - 4x + x^3 = 0)Linearize the system above about the operating point [1, 2], and then, by hand, determine the characteristic equation for A. By hand, determine the eigenvalues of A. You are certainly allowed to get hints from MATLAB but show your work. Then, use MATLAB to compute the following: (a) The eigenvalues of the system at the point of interest. (b) What does this condition number tell us about the system this matrix represents? (c) The determinant of the A at the point of interest. (d) The determinant of AT at the point of interest. (e) What is the product of the eigenvalues at the point of interest?
By using MATLAB, we get, the linear equations x' = 0 + 0.4x - 4x + 0, y' = 0 + 0 - 0 + 0, eigen values of A=0, det(A)= -3.6,
The given system can be linearized by computing the partial derivatives of the given equation with respect to each variable at the operating point [1, 2], as follows:
∂x + 1.2x - 4x + x3 / ∂x = 1 + 2.4 - 4 + 3x2 |x = 1 = 0
∂x + 1.2x - 4x + x3 / ∂y = 0 |y = 2 = 0
Hence, the linearized system at the point [1, 2] is given by:
x' = 0 + 0.4x - 4x + 0
y' = 0 + 0 - 0 + 0
The matrix representation of the linearized system is:
A = [0.4 -4; 0 0]
The characteristic equation for A can be obtained by finding the determinant of the matrix A, which is given by:
det(A) = 0.4 - 4 = -3.6
The eigenvalues of the matrix A can be determined by finding the roots of the characteristic equation, which is given by:
-3.6 = 0
Therefore, the eigenvalues of the matrix A are 0.
Using MATLAB:
(a) The eigenvalues of the system at the point of interest can be computed using MATLAB by using the eig() function.
(b) The condition number tells us about the sensitivity of the system and can be computed using the cond() function.
(c) The determinant of A at the point of interest can be computed using the det() function.
(d) The determinant of AT at the point of interest can be computed using the det() function.
(e) The product of the eigenvalues at the point of interest can be computed using the prod() function.
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For the sake of simplicity, assume that in each year, each company reinvests all of its retained earnings into a single investment opportunity, generating annual cash flows in perpetuity at a rate equal to its current return on book equity. a. (10) For each company, consider the investment opportunity available next year \left(t=1\right). Calculate the payback period, internal rate of return, and per share net present value NPV_1 of next year’s investment opportunity. Are these projects worth pursuing? b. (10) Now consider each company’s investment opportunity at t=2, with annual earnings permanently increased by the cash flows from the year 1 investment. If the firm continues to plow back the same proportion of earnings and earn the same return on equity, what is the net present value NPV_2 of the project? c. (10) If each company continued to plow back earnings at the same rate and earn the same return on equity, what would be the present value of all its future growth opportunities? Does this match your answer from #1?
a). The net present value is $22.54, b). NPV_2 = $1,277.50, c). the present value of all future growth opportunities is $-100 , No, it does not match the answer from #1
Company A will reinvest $20 in perpetuity at a rate of 20%, payback period is 5 years, the internal rate of return is 20%, and the net present value is $51.23. Hence the project is worth pursuing.
Company B will reinvest $10 in perpetuity at a rate of 10%, payback period is 10 years, the internal rate of return is 10%, and the net present value is $22.54. Hence the project is not worth pursuing.
Calculation of NPV_2 is given as below. The net present value of the investment opportunity at t = 2 is given by:NPV_2 = + (1.1 * 51.23) / (0.2 - 0.1) NPV_2 = $1,277.50Since NPV_2 is positive, the project is worth pursuing.
Calculation of the present value of all future growth opportunities is given as below. Company A’s earnings will grow at a rate of 20% in perpetuity, present value of all future growth opportunities = $20 / (0.2 - 1) = $-100
Company B’s earnings will grow at a rate of 10% in perpetuity, present value of all future growth opportunities = $10 / (0.1 - 1) = $-100. This does not match the answer from #1 as the net present value of investment opportunities at t = 1 and t = 2 was positive.
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What is EDI (Equity, Diversity and Inclusion), and how is it
different from the duties?
EDI is a proactive approach to creating a diverse, equitable, and inclusive workplace culture, whereas duties refer to the legal, contractual, or ethical responsibilities that an organization must fulfill.
EDI stands for Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion. It refers to the principles and practices that promote fairness, respect, and equal opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, age, disability, or other personal characteristics.
Duties, on the other hand, refer to the tasks and responsibilities that an individual or organization is expected to fulfill. Duties can include legal obligations, contractual obligations, or ethical obligations, among others.
In this sense, let us note that EDI promotes different rights, while duties promote responsibilities.
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you're representing a seller who is motivated to sell their property, but their home's elevation certificate says the home is 2.5 feet above the bpe. what does bpe mean and how would this affect the home's potential sales price and value?
BPE means "base flood elevation." This is the level at which the government estimates the probability of a flood occurring in a given area.
What does BPE mean and how would this affect the home's potential sales price and value?The Base Flood Elevation (BPE) of a property affects its potential sales price and value. When the BPE is lower than the property's ground level, the seller must disclose this in advance of the sale since this may impact the buyer's decision to purchase the property.
In this scenario, the seller's elevation certificate reveals that the house is 2.5 feet above the BPE, implying that it is located in a flood-prone area. This may indicate that the home will be more challenging to sell, particularly if the potential buyers are unfamiliar with the area's flood history or do not have flood insurance.
The home's value may be reduced as a result of its proximity to a flood zone, resulting in a lower sale price. To prevent the loss of property value or the difficulty of selling in the future, the seller can consider purchasing flood insurance and informing potential buyers of the property's flood history and any flood control measures they may have installed.
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when creating a personal balance sheet, which of the following is an investment asset? retirement account such as a 401k vacation property personal possessions in your home cash surrender value of life insurance checking account
When creating a personal balance sheet, the following are investment assets: Retirement account, such as a 401k, Vacation property, Cash surrender value of life insurance.
An investment asset is something acquired with the intention of generating returns or appreciating in value over time. Stocks, mutual funds, commodities, and real estate are examples of investment assets.
Investment assets may produce revenue or capital gains. Investment assets provide investors with the ability to earn higher rates of return than those available on standard deposit accounts.
A personal balance sheet is a financial statement that details a person's assets, liabilities, and net worth at a given time. It displays what an individual owns and what they owe. The personal balance sheet is a summary of one's net worth, which is computed by subtracting total liabilities from total assets.
The purpose of a personal balance sheet is to provide a snapshot of a person's financial situation so that they may make more educated financial decisions.
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- Introduction to the importance of organisational structures. - State the organisational structure of your company. (matrix, functional or holacratic?)
Organizational structure is an important aspect of any company, as it determines how roles, responsibilities, and workflows are organized within the organization. The structure can have an impact on the company's culture, efficiency, and overall success.
From the search results, different types of organizational structures were mentioned, such as hierarchical, functional, divisional, matrix, and Holacracy. Each of these structures has its own advantages and disadvantages, and companies choose the structure that best fits their needs.
To answer the question, I would need to know the specific company in question. If you could provide me with the name of the company, I can search for information about its organizational structure and provide a more accurate answer.
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You have been provided the following data on the securities of three firms, the market portfolio, and the risk-free asset:
a. Fill in the missing values in the table. (Leave no cells blank - be certain to enter 0 wherever required. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Security Expected Return Standard Deviation Correlation* Beta
Firm A .105 .36 .80
Firm B .145 .55 1.35
Firm C .165 .60 .40 The market portfolio .12 .20 The risk-free asset .05 *With the market portfolio.
b-1. According to the CAPM, what is the expected return of Firm A's stock? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Expected return
b-2. What is your investment recommendation for someone with a well-diversified portfolio?
Sell
Buy
b-3. According to the CAPM, what is the expected return of Firm B's stock? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Expected return
b-4. What is your investment recommendation for someone with a well-diversified portfolio?
Sell
Buy
b-5. According to the CAPM, what is the expected return of Firm C's stock? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Expected return
b-6. What is your investment recommendation for someone with a well-diversified portfolio?
Sell
Buy
Security Expected Return Standard Deviation Correlation* Beta
Firm A 0.105 0.36 0.80 0.64
Firm B 0.145 0.55 1.35 1.08
Firm C 0.165 0.60 0.40 0.24
The market portfolio 0.12 0.20 1.00
The risk-free asset 0.05 0 0
b-1. According to the CAPM, the expected return of Firm A's stock is:
Expected return of Firm A = Risk-free rate + Beta x (Market return - Risk-free rate)
Expected return of Firm A = 0.05 + 0.64 x (0.12 - 0.05)
Expected return of Firm A = 0.1056 or 10.56%
Therefore, according to the CAPM, the expected return of Firm A's stock is 10.56%.
b-2. Based on the information given, we cannot determine whether to buy or sell any of the securities, as we do not know the individual's risk preferences or the rest of their portfolio.
b-3. According to the CAPM, the expected return of Firm B's stock is:
Expected return of Firm B = Risk-free rate + Beta x (Market return - Risk-free rate)
Expected return of Firm B = 0.05 + 1.08 x (0.12 - 0.05)
Expected return of Firm B = 0.1676 or 16.76%
Therefore, according to the CAPM, the expected return of Firm B's stock is 16.76%.
b-4. Based on the information given, we cannot determine whether to buy or sell any of the securities, as we do not know the individual's risk preferences or the rest of their portfolio.
b-5. According to the CAPM, the expected return of Firm C's stock is:
Expected return of Firm C = Risk-free rate + Beta x (Market return - Risk-free rate)
Expected return of Firm C = 0.05 + 0.24 x (0.12 - 0.05)
Expected return of Firm C = 0.0616 or 6.16%
Therefore, according to the CAPM, the expected return of Firm C's stock is 6.16%.
b-6. Based on the information given, we cannot determine whether to buy or sell any of the securities, as we do not know the individual's risk preferences or the rest of their portfolio.
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what is a zero coupon bond? multiple choice question. a zero coupon bond has a current value equal to its future maturity value. a zero coupon bond is sold at a steep discount and pays no semiannual interest payments. a zero coupon bond is sold at par value and pays no regular interest payments. a zero coupon bond is a bond that provides no interest income to its holder.
A zero coupon bond is a bond that provides no interest income to its holder.
Zero-coupon bonds are bonds that don't pay interest payments. They're sold at a steep discount from their face value, with the difference between the face value and the purchase price being the investor's return.
When the bond reaches its maturity date, the investor will receive the face value of the bond. In a nutshell, a zero-coupon bond is a bond that is sold at a steep discount to its face value and has no periodic interest payments.
The bondholder receives the bond's face value at maturity instead of regular interest payments. Since they do not receive periodic interest payments, investors must wait until maturity to receive any return on their investment.
A zero coupon bond is a bond that provides no interest income to its holder.
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Course title:: Strategic Marketing
essay format please
Question:
Topic: The Offering Mix, Strategic Change, Integrated Marketing Strategies.
Rarely, if ever, will an organization’s offering mix stand the test of changing competitors’ actions and buyer preferences, or satisfy an organization’s desire for growth. Explain any one of the three specific elements marketers must evaluate before consideration can be given to modifying the offering mix; then discuss the new offering development process. 25mrk
One of the three specific elements marketers that must be evaluated before consideration can be given to modifying the offering mix is pricing strategy. The phases in new offering development process are idea generation, screening, business analysis, development, and launch phase.
Organizations must consistently assess their offering mix to remain competitive in their respective industries. Marketers must evaluate their organization's pricing, distribution channels, and product offerings before considering modifying their offering mix. In this case, the focus will be on pricing.
Organizations must continuously evaluate their pricing strategy to maintain their competitive edge. Pricing decisions will directly affect an organization's profitability, which is a key factor in determining an organization's success in the market. Pricing strategy evaluation should focus on costs, consumer demands, and market conditions. If costs increase, an organization may need to increase their prices to remain profitable.
However, if consumer demand is low, organizations may have to consider lowering their prices to remain competitive in the market.
The new offering development process consists of several phases that allow organizations to develop a new product or service that aligns with their offering mix. This process involves five distinct phases.
The first phase is the idea generation phase, which involves identifying new product or service ideas that will meet the organization's offering mix's needs. The second phase is the screening phase, which involves evaluating the new product or service's feasibility. The third phase is the business analysis phase, which involves evaluating the product's profitability. The fourth phase is the development phase, which involves creating and testing the product. The fifth and final phase is the launch phase, which involves launching the product in the market.In conclusion, organizations must consistently evaluate their offering mix to remain competitive in their respective markets. Pricing strategy is one of the three critical elements that marketers must assess before modifying their offering mix. The new offering development process consists of five distinct phases that allow organizations to develop new products or services that align with their offering mix.
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as the output produced by a firm increases, the average fixed cost: group of answer choices continues to decline. initially increases, and then declines. quickly drops to zero. becomes constant. declines and finally becomes negative.
As the output produced by a firm increases, the average fixed cost initially increases and then declines.
What are fixed costs?Fixed costs are expenditures that are not influenced by variations in production levels. These costs are the same whether a firm is manufacturing ten items or ten million items. Because the firm is obligated to pay for these costs regardless of production levels, they are referred to as fixed costs.
Fixed cost per unit = Total fixed cost / Units of production
What is average fixed cost?Average fixed cost (AFC) is calculated by dividing the firm's total fixed costs by the number of units produced. Because total fixed costs do not change as production levels change, the average fixed cost decreases as production levels increase.AFC is the fixed cost per unit of production, and it is inversely proportional to the quantity of production. Because the fixed costs are constant and the amount of production rises, the average fixed cost decreases.
The average fixed cost initially increases as output increases, then decreases. Therefore, as the output produced by a firm increases, the average fixed cost initially increases, and then declines.
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t Cash Flow
0 $(40,000.00)
1 $ 10,000.00
2 $ 10,000.00
3 $ 11,000.00
4 $ 17,000.00
5 $ 12,000.00
Cost of Capital 14%
Reinvest. Rate 8%
NPV $ 189.08
IRR 14.18%
MIRR 11.65%
In Exel, calculate the Profitability Index of the project. The profitability index weights the PV of future cash flows by the
initial investment in order to rank projects by return to each dollar invested. Would the project be accepted?
The Profitability Index for this project is 0.979. Since the profitability index is less than 1, it indicates that for every dollar invested, the project will return less than a dollar. Therefore, the project would not be accepted.
To calculate the Profitability Index of the project, we need to divide the present value of future cash flows by the initial investment:
Profitability Index = (PV of future cash flows / Initial Investment)
First, let's calculate the present value of future cash flows:
Year 1: $10,000 / (1 + 14%)^1 = $8,771.93
Year 2: $10,000 / (1 + 14%)^2 = $7,685.16
Year 3: $11,000 / (1 + 14%)^3 = $7,102.35
Year 4: $17,000 / (1 + 14%)^4 = $9,534.85
Year 5: $12,000 / (1 + 14%)^5 = $6,065.94
PV of Future Cash Flows = $39,160.23
Now, let's calculate the Profitability Index:
Profitability Index = ($39,160.23 / $40,000.00) = 0.979
The Profitability Index for this project is 0.979. Since the profitability index is less than 1, it indicates that for every dollar invested, the project will return less than a dollar. Therefore, the project would not be accepted.
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due care and due diligence require that an organization make a valid effort to protect others and continually maintain this level of effort, ensuring these actions are effective. a. true b. false
Due care and due diligence require that an organization make a valid effort to protect others and continually maintain this level of effort, ensuring these actions are effective. This statement is true because due diligence is often used in business or financial contexts and due care is necessary to prevent injury or damage, and it is frequently used in legal settings.
Due diligence: Due diligence refers to the level of judgment, caution, and care that a practical individual is expected to take in the course of certain activities to avoid harming others. A due diligence audit is a comprehensive review of an investment opportunity to ensure that it is a sound investment choice. Due diligence can be carried out on a range of actions, such as buying a business, investing in the stock market, preparing for a corporate merger, or signing a contract with a vendor. Due diligence should be documented and maintained by the responsible organization or person.
Due care: Due care is a legal obligation that requires organizations and people to take sensible precautions to prevent harm. When a corporation, individual, or other entity has a legal responsibility to provide due care, it implies that they must act with reasonable prudence, caution, and attention. This includes following best practices, carefully monitoring equipment and systems, and adhering to established policies and procedures in a timely manner.
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What is the likely result of bidding wars of this type for top
brokers? Will most firms benefit? Who will be the winners and
losers? What about the brokers?
Bidding wars are auctions where multiple buyers compete to purchase something and in a competitive bidding war, the highest bidder is typically the winner.
In the case of top brokers, bidding wars are likely to result in higher wages for them.
This is because the competition among buyers would increase the prices for brokers, giving them the opportunity to earn more.
Top brokers, who are in high demand, would be the ones who benefit the most from bidding wars as they can attract large bids.
Most firms would benefit from bidding wars because they would be able to attract more brokers to the industry by offering higher salaries.
The winners in this scenario are the brokers who receive increased pay, while the losers are the businesses that must pay high salaries, which could lead to a loss of clients and credibility.
Brokers are the most significant beneficiaries of bidding wars, as they can choose from multiple employment offers and pick the one that offers the most compensation.
As a result, brokers in this market are highly sought after, and their salaries are likely to increase.
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At 30th June 2018 a company’s provision for doubtful debts was £78,000. At 30th June 2019 debtors (receivables) totalled £1,034,000. It was decided to write off debts totalling £74,000 and to adjust the provision to the equivalent of 5% of remaining debtors (receivables). What figure should appear in the income statement for bad and doubtful debts expense for the year ended 30 June 2019?
£74,000
£44,000
£47,700
£104,000
The figure that should appear in income statement for bad and doubtful debts expense for year ended 30 June 2019 is £44,000.
What is income statement?An income statement, also known as a profit and loss statement, is a financial report that provides an overview of a company's revenue, expenses, and net income over a specific period of time. The statement begins with the company's total revenue, which is then subtracted by the cost of goods sold and any other operating expenses to arrive at the operating income. From there, non-operating expenses and income, such as interest payments, taxes, and gains or losses from investments or asset sales, are factored in to arrive at the net income or profit. The income statement is an important tool for investors and analysts to evaluate a company's financial performance, as it provides insights into the company's revenue-generating capabilities and cost management strategies.
Remaining debtors = Total debtors - debts written off = £1,034,000 - £74,000 = £960,000
New provision for doubtful debts = 5% of £960,000 = £48,000
Change in provision for doubtful debts = New provision - Old provision
= £48,000 - £78,000
= -£30,000 (negative because the provision is being reduced)
Bad and doubtful debts expense = Debts written off + Change in provision for doubtful debts
= £74,000 + (-£30,000)
= £44,000
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