Two features of internal control are presented in the following sections. Each is followed by a list of four irregularities that occurred in processing data. Identify the one irregularity from each list that would be discovered or prevented by the feature of internal control described.
a. The sum of the balances of the accounts in the customer's ledger is compared at the end of each month with the balance of the accounts receivable account in the general ledger by a person who has no responsibility for maintaining either the general ledger or the customers ledger.
Five hours of services were rendered but the customer was only billed for four hours.
A cash receipt of $750 was recorded correctly in the accounts receivable controlling account but was posted to the customer's ledger as $75.
A bill for services rendered to Cole Co. was erroneously posted to the account of Coleman Co. in the customer's ledger.
No entry was made in the accounting records for services rendered to a customer.
The irregularity that would be discovered or prevented by the feature of internal control described is: ________
b. Both cash and credit charges for services rendered are recorded on prenumbered invoices. At the end of the day, all invoices are accounted for before the duplicate copies of the invoices are routed to the Accounting Department for entry into the accounts and the cash is sent to the Cashier's Department for deposit.
Some charge customers complained that the monthly statements of account did not add all amounts correctly.
Some clerks used incorrect hourly rates in preparing invoices.
Some clerks destroyed duplicate copies of cash invoices and misappropriated the cash.
Some charge customers complained that the monthly statement of account did not indicate credits for payments made.
The irregularity that would be discovered or prevented by the feature of internal control described is: _____________.

Answer: a. A cash receipt of $750 was recorded correctly in the accounts receivable controlling account but was posted to the customer's ledger as $75.

b. Some clerks destroyed duplicate copies of cash invoices and misappropriated the cash.

Explanation:

a. When the person (who not handled this account before) is crosschecking the balance on accounts in the Customers Ledger against the accounts receivable account in the general ledger, they will discover that $750 was recorded correctly in the Accounts Receivables Control Accounts in the General ledger but was recorded at only $75 in the Customers Ledger.

b. The sales clerks would have destroyed only duplicates whilst the originals were still there. Worse still for them is that these duplicates have been accounted for with the Originals. This way when they destroy the duplicates, the company can still confirm with the originals that that cash was indeed paid.

Categories the following into Market economy and Non-market economy.
1. Prices are set by government agencies.
2. The invisible hand guides resources to their highest valued uses
3. Buyers and sellers are motivated by government directives.
4. Prices are set by supply and demand
5. Buyers and sellers are motivated by a sense of communal well- being.
6. Buyers and sellers are motivated by self-interest.

A new American graduate is contemplating buying a
Japanese, German, or an American car. No matter the type of car, he
plans to buy a new one at the end of 8 years.
The Japanese cars will cost $30,000 and have a fuel
usage of 23 Miles Per gallon (mpg) for the first 2 years and will
decrease by 3% per year thereafter. The repair cost will start at $700
per year, and increase by 3% per year. At the end of year 8, the
car can be sold for $5000. Insurance cost will be $700 for the
first year, increasing by 2% per year thereafter.
​A German car will cost $45,000 and have fuel usage
of 21mpg for the first 5 years, and decrease by 1% thereafter to
year 8. The repair cost will start at $1000 in year 1 and increase by
4% per year. It will have a salvage value of $7000 at the end of
year 8. Insurance cost will be $850 the first year, increasing by
2% per year thereafter.
The American car will cost $35,000 and have fuel
usage of 20mpg for the first 3 years and will decrease by 3% per
year thereafter. The repair cost will be $800 in year 1, increasing by
4% per year thereafter. Being an American, the graduate will price
the pride of owning an American car at $0.4 for every 20 miles
driven, increasing by 2% per year. Insurance costs will be $800 per
year increasing by 2.2% per year. The car can be sold for $5500 at
the end of year 8.
If the graduate anticipates driving 150000 miles by
the end of year 8 and the average interest rate is expected to
remain at 5% per year, which car is economically affordable based
on present worth analysis? Assume fuel cost will be $3 per gallon
in year 1 and increase by an average of 2% per year. Show all your
workings.​

Consider the market for meekers in the imaginary economy of Meekertown. In the absence of international trade, the domestic price of a meeker is $30. Suppose that the world price for a meeker is $40. Assume that Meekertown is too small to influence the world price for meekers once they enter the international market.
If Meekertown allows free trade, then it will (import/export?) meekers.
Given current economic conditions in Meekertown, complete the following table by indicating whether each of the statements is true or false.
Statement True False
Meekertownian consumers are worse off under free trade than they were before.
Meekertownian producers were better off without free trade than they are with it.
True or False: When a country is too small to affect the world price, allowing for free trade will always increase total surplus in that country, regardless of whether it imports or exports as a result of international trade.

Nutall Corporation is considering dropping product N28X. Data from the company's accounting system appear below:
Sales $ 660,000
Variable expense $ 285,000
Fixed manufacturing expenses $ 244,000
Fixed selling and administrative expense $ 192,000
All fixed expenses of the company are fully allocated to products in the company's accounting system. Further investigation has revealed that $195,500 of the fixed manufacturing expenses and $110,500 of the fixed selling and administrative expenses are avoidable if product N28X is discontinued.
Required:
According to the company's accounting system, what is the net operating income earned by product N28X? (Input the amount as a positive value.)

Hank, a calendar-year taxpayer, uses the cash method of accounting for his sole proprietorship. In late December, he performed $20,000 of legal services for a client. Hank typically requires his clients to pay his bills immediately upon receipt. Assume his marginal tax rate is 30 percent this year and will be 33 percent next year, and that he can earn an after-tax rate of return of 12 percent on his investments.a. What is the after-tax income if Hank sends his client the bill in December?After- tax income ?b. What is the after-tax income if Hank sends his client the bill in January? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round "PV Factor" to 3 decimal places. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)after-tax income ?c. Should Hank send his client the bill in December or January?DecemberJanuaryd. What is the after-tax income if Hank expects his marginal tax rate to be 25 percent next year and sends his client the bill in January? (Round "PV Factor" to 3 decimal places. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

Under SEC rules, internal controls over financial reporting (ICFR) are processes that provide reasonable assurance that financial reports are reliable. Which of the following is not assured by ICFR? A. Financial reports, records, and data are accurately maintained. B. Transactions are prepared according to GAAP rules and are properly recorded. C. Unauthorized acquisition or use of data or assets that could affect financial statements will be prevented or detected in a timely manner. D. IT controls that contain financial data are maintained.

Suppose the market for pizzas is unregulated. That is, pizza prices are free to adjust based on the forces of supply and demand.

If a shortage exists in the pizza market, then the current price must be.............than the equilibrium price. For the market to reach equilibrium, you would expect................

Initially, you produce 100 boxes of jelly beans per time period. Then a new customer calls and places an additional order for jelly beans, requiring you to increase your output to 101 boxes. She offers you $1.75 for the additional box. Should you produce it?