True. Every nonsingular second-order linear ordinary differential equation a(x)u" + 6(x) u' + c(u) u = f(x), subject to homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions on an interval [a,b], is (a) self-adjoint.
What does homogenous mean?Generally speaking, homogenous refers to having same pieces or components. Homogeneous refers to something that is consistent in nature or character throughout. A variety of objects that are basically similar to one another or belong to the same sort can also be referred to as homogenous.
In science, what is homogeneous?A homogenous mixture is one whose composition is constant across the whole mixture. The dissolved salt is uniformly dispersed across the whole salt water sample, making the salt water in the example above homogenous.
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A beryllium ion with a single electron (denoted $Be^{3+} ) is in an excited state with radius the same as that of the ground state of hydrogen.a. What is n for the Be3+ ion?b. How much energy in eV is needed to ionize the ion from this excited state?
When conduct electricity an ion from this excited state, 54.4 eV of energy must be provided.
What is an definition of energy?
Energy is referred to and by scientists as the capacity for work. People have figured out how to transform energy from one type to another and then use it to accomplish tasks, making modern civilization possible. Chemical, electrical, radiant, mechanical, thermal, and nuclear energy are the six main types of energy. Additional forms including electrochemical, acoustic, electromagnetic, and others might be addressed in other studies.
Briefing:
Since this electron has an energy of,
E₂=-Z²*13.6/n² eV
=-4²*13.6/2² eV
=-54.4eV
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he reacting substrate carbon atom in the mechanism described in the passage undergoes which of the following hybridization state changes during the reaction? (note: the middle hybridization state refers to an intermediate.)
It goes SP2 hybridization on reacting substrate carbon atom in the passage undergo hybridization state changes during the reaction.
SP2 hybridization is the mixing of one s and two p atomic orbitals, which involves the promotion of one electron in the s orbital to one of the 2p atomic orbitals. The combination of these atomic orbitals creates three new hybrid orbitals equal in energy-level. The hybrid orbitals are higher in energy than the s orbital but lower in energy than the p orbitals, but they are closer in energy to the p orbitals. The new set of formed hybrid orbitals creates trigonal structures, creating a molecular geometry of 120 degrees. One of a set of hybrid orbitals produced when one s orbital and two p orbitals are combined mathematically to form three new equivalent orbitals oriented toward the corners of a triangle. This involves the mechanism of sp2 hybridization.
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any substance that moves electrons either out of or into a material where electrochemical reactions occur; example is anode or cathode.
Any substance that moves electrons out of the material is cathode and that moves electron into a material is anode.
Electrochemical reactions is the flow of electric current through electrons between electrodes and electrolyte. The anode is the positive electrode in the reaction and cathode is the negative one.
Conversely, anions and cations are negatively and positively charged ions. Thus, anode contains negative charges which are released into the electrolyte or material. The cathode is positive side which receives those anions from the material. Thus, removing the electron out of material.
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For many purposes we can treat dimethyl ether (C,H,O) as an ideal gas at temperatures above its boiling point of -24. °C. Suppose the pressure on a 8.0 mº sample of dimethyl ether gas at -2.00°C is tripled. Is it possible to change the temperature of the dimethyl ether at the same time such that the volume of the gas doesn't change? x 6 ? If you answered yes, calculate the new temperature of the gas. Round your answer to the nearest °C.
Yes. Gay-law Lussac's states that the pressure and temperature of a gas are directly proportional at constant volume.
Why does pressure rise as temperature rises?
According to Gay-Law, the pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas when the volume is held constant.
The pressure of a given quantity of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature as long as the volume remains constant (Amontons' law). The volume of a given gas sample is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at a fixed pressure, according to Charles' law.
The frequency of collisions between molecules and the surface of a container generates pressure. If the temperature of the container is raised, the molecules will move faster. The occurrence of
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substances that give a visibly colored solution can be analyzed using spectrophotometry. cu2 forms a complex with edta that is pale blue in aqueous solution. a chemist plans to determine the concentration of cu2 ions in solution using edta complexation, and the chemist obtains the following data using standard solutions. the path length of the cell used is 1.00 cm.
Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) substances that give a visibly colored solution can be analyzed using spectrophotometry. cu2 forms a complex with edta that is pale blue in aqueous solution.
Abdominal cramps, nauseousness, vomiting, diarrhea, headaches, low blood pressure, skin issues, and fever are just a few of the side effects that EDTA can bring on. It is NOT SAFE to consume EDTA for more than 5 to 7 days or in doses greater than 3 grams per day. Overdosing can result in mortality, dangerously low calcium levels, and renal injury. Absorption spectrophotometry, which examines how radiation and certain light spectra are absorbed, and Ultraviolet-Visible Range spectrophotometry, which examines how certain light spectra are reflected from a given source, are the two main forms of spectrophotometry that are used.
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calcium carbonate (marble chip) with acid 1. acid used for reaction with calcium carbonate: 2. observations: what happened to the marble chip in the solution? were any bubbles formed? what happened to the flame of the wood splint? (describe experiment in this box.)
The marble chips are reacted with a solution that produces a gas that turns the lime water milky.
This means that the gas produced is carbon dioxide. Therefore, carbonates only produce carbon dioxide gas when treated with acids. Marble chips are alkaline compounds that react with hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide calcium chloride and water. Marble chips are composed of calcium carbonate.
Adding dilute hydrochloric acid to a piece of marble which is calcium carbonate forms calcium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide. Marble fragments react with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide gas. The speed of this reaction can be changed by changing the size of the marble chips. This produces carbon dioxide and calcium chloride.
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If exactly one molecule of solute is present in 1. 00 l of solution, what is the concentration of the solution?.
The concentration is 1.66 x 10⁻²⁴M if exactly one solute molecule exists in one milliliter of solution.
What is a brief explanation of the word "molecule"?A molecule is the simplest unit of the a substance that keeps its content and properties. It is made up of two or maybe more atoms that are joined together by hydrogen bonds.
Briefing:1 molar solution is 1 mole in 1 liter.
1 mole = 6.022 x 10²³ molecules
1 molecule = 1/6.022 x 10²³ moles
= 0.166 x 10⁻²³ moles
So 0.166 x10⁻²³23 moles in 1 L means concentration = 1.66 x 10⁻²⁴M
Since 1 molecule solute means M= 1.66 x 10⁻²⁴M
1 x 10⁻²⁵M has only fraction of a solute molecule
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how many conjugated bonds have are uv active and expected to absorb radiation between 200 and 400 nm?
The compounds which shows UV absorbance between 200-400 nm are Caffeine, Salicylic acid, Acetaminophen and Aspirin.
What is chemical bond?
Atoms in molecules are joined by chemical bonds. Electrostatic forces between negatively charged electrons and positively charged atomic nuclei result in bonds.
What is UV?
The wavelength of ultraviolet (UV) radiation ranges from 10 nanometers (with a corresponding frequency of about 30 PHz) to 400 nanometers (750 THz), which is shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.
The compounds C, D and E shows UV absorbance between 200-400 nm.
The compounds which shows UV absorbance between 200-400 nm are Caffeine, Salicylic acid, Acetaminophen and Aspirin.
Therefore, compounds which shows UV absorbance between 200-400 nm are Caffeine, Salicylic acid, Acetaminophen and Aspirin.
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the molar mass of oxygen gas (o2) is 32.00 g/mol. the molar mass of c3h8 is 44.1 g/mol. what mass of o2, in grams, is required to completely react with 0.025 g c3h8? 0.018 grams 0.034 grams 0.045 grams 0.091 grams
The mass of O₂ in grams required to completely react with 0.025 g of C₃H₈ is 0.091 g.
The reaction is given as :
C₃H₈ + 5O₂ -----> 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
The mass of C₃H₈ = 0.025 g
mola mass of C₃H₈ = 44.1 g/mol
moles of C₃H₈ = mass / molar mass
= 0.025 / 44.1
= 0.00056 mol
moles of O₂ = 5 × 0.000567
= 0.00284 mol
molar mass of O₂ = 32 g/mol
mass of O₂ = moles × molar mass
= 0.00248 × 32
= 0.091 g
The mass of Oxygen required is 0.091 g to react with 0.025 g of C₃H₈ .
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a(n) is a reaction in which oxidation and reduction take place at the same time.
The answer is Redox Reaction.
What are Redox Reactions?
A redox reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred between two reactants participating in it. This transfer of electrons can be identified by observing the changes in the oxidation states of the reacting species.
The loss of electrons and the corresponding increase in the oxidation state of a given reactant is called oxidation. The gain of electrons and the corresponding decrease in the oxidation state of a reactant is called reduction.
Electron-accepting species which tend to undergo a reduction in redox reactions are called oxidizing agents. An electron-donating species which tends to hand over electrons can be referred to as a reducing agent. These species tend to undergo oxidation. It can be noted that any redox reaction can be broken down into two half-reactions, namely the oxidation half-reaction and the reduction half-reaction.
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molecules are called regulators if they act on the same cell type as the one that produced them, while regulators, particularly if they are produced by one cell type, can regulate neighboring cells of the same organ.
Molecules are called autocrine regulators if they act on the same cell type as the one that produced them, while paracrine regulators, particularly if they are produced by one cell type, can regulate neighboring cells of the same organ.
In this review, the term "autocrine signalling" will be used to describe signals secreted by a cell that may bind to that cell or to a nearby cell with a similar phenotype, whereas the term "paracrine signalling" will be used to describe signals produced by a cell that that cell type cannot respond to but that other cell types can.
A paracrine ligand is a tool to spread the message from one cell type to the others, whereas an autocrine signal acts as an amplifier or a brake for message transmission. Multiple GPCR subtypes that are expressed in various cell types have been found to be capable of recognising a wide variety of ligands.
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what volume of fluorine gas is produced when 0.427 mol of bromine trifluoride reacts completely according to the following reaction at 0°c and 1 atm? bromine trifluoride ( g ) bromine ( g ) fluorine ( g ) liters fluorine gas
95.5 L volume of fluorine gas is produced when 0.427 mol of bromine trifluoride reacts
PV=nRT
p=1 atm
v=?
n=0.427
R= 0.82
T= 273 K
V=nRT/P
V=0.427×0.82×273÷1
V=95.5 L
The volume of an object in three dimensions is the area occupied within its boundaries. It is referred to as the object's capacity on occasion. The amount required to fill an object can be determined by finding its volume, for example, how much water is required to fill a bottle, aquarium, or water tank.
The most fundamental and frequent form of a three-dimensional shape is a sphere. We frequently encounter spheres in the form of balls, globes, decorative lights, oranges, etc.
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a container with 3.00 moles of gas has a volume of 60.0 l. with a temperature at 400.k, what is the pressure in atm? your answer should have three significant figures (round your answer to two decimal places). use r
By the Ideal gas equation:
PV = nRT
-> P=nRT/V=(3.00 mol)(0.08206L atmmol K)(400. K)/(60.0L)
= 1.6412 atm
What is the Ideal Gas Equation?
The ideal gas law (PV = nRT) relates to the macroscopic properties of ideal gases. An ideal gas is a gas in which the particles
(a) do not attract or repel one another and
(b) take up no space (have no volume).
No gas is truly ideal, but the ideal gas law does provide a good approximation of real gas behavior under many conditions.
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dr. sweeney is a research chemist who recently discovered an old bottle labeled perchloric acid (hclo) in the back of his research laboratory. after verifying that the contents of the bottle were indeed hclo, dr. sweeney was interested in determining the concentration of hclo in the bottle. to determine the concentration of hclo, dr. sweeney performed a titration using 20 ml of hclo, 0.04 m naoh, and phenolphthalein as an indicator solution. dr. sweeney determined that it took 24 ml of 0.040 m naoh to reach the endpoint of the titration.
a. What did Dr. Sweeney observe to indicate the endpoint in his titration? b. Write the chemical equation that represents the chemical reaction that Dr. Sweeney was studying. c. What type of chemical reaction is this? d. What is the concentration of HC10_4 in the bottle that Dr. Sweeney found?
Dr. Sweeney observed the end-point of the titration, the chemical equation is HClO4 (aq) + NaOH (aq) → NaClO4 (aq) + H2O (l), The reaction is a neutralization reaction and the concentration of HCl04 is 0.048 mol/L.
To calculate the concentration of a specified analyte, titration is a typical laboratory technique for quantitative chemical analysis. A reagent, also known as a titrant or titrator, is created as a standard solution with a specified concentration and volume. The goal of the titration is to identify the equivalence point, or the point at which chemically equivalent amounts of the reactants have been combined.
In a chemical reaction called neutralisation reaction, an acid and a base interact quantitatively. In a process in water, neutralisation leads to the absence of excess hydrogen or hydroxide ions in the solution. A neutralisation reaction is a chemical process in which an acid and a base quantitatively combine to produce salt and water as byproducts.
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which of these statements is incorrect? a. the binding forces in a molecular solid include london dispersion forces. b. ionic solids are insulators. c. all of the statements (a-d) are correct. d. molecular solids have high melting points. e. ionic solids have high melting points.
Ionic solids are therefore insulators, which is the right response. Choice "B."
Explain what an insulator is.An insulator is any substance that prevents the energy—such as electricity, heat, or cold—from the moving through it easily. Good insulators include glass, plastic, rubber, and the wood.
Which insulator is the used most frequently?The most popular and generally accessible type of insulation, blanket, comes in the form of rolls or batts. Flexible fibres, most frequently fibreglass, make up this substance. Additionally, natural fibres like cotton and sheep's wool are available in batts and rolls, along with artificial fibers and mineral wool.
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how to solve a titration problem for how many ml of a solution you need to reach the secodn equivalence point knowing the starting volume and the balanced equation
Your base titrant volume reading was 1.18 mL at the start of the titration. The base titrant volume was 23.00 mL when the titration was finished and the endpoint was reached.
When just enough titrant is added to completely neutralize the analyte solution during titration, this is known as the equivalence point. Molecules of base equal molecular weights of acid at the equivalence point in an acid-base titration and the solution is made up entirely of salt and water.
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If exactly one molecule of solute is present in 1. 00 l of solution, what is the concentration of the solution?.
A molar solution is one that contains 1 mole of a material in 1 liter of water.
The concentration is 1.66x10-24 M if there is exactly one molecule of the solute in one litre of solution.
In this situation, 1 mole is defined as 6.02x10²³ particles, or molecules. As a conversion factor, consider the following:
1 mole = 6.02 x 10²³ molecules.
When only 1 molecule of the solute is present, use this conversion factor to determine moles of the solute:1.66x10-24 moles are equal to (1 molecule)/((1 mole)/(6.02x1023 molecules)).
Only moles remain after the molecules cancel.
By definition, concentration is the number of moles of a solute per litre. Divide the volume, in this case 1.0L, by the 1.66x10-24 moles to get:
1.66x10-24 molar, or 1.66x10-24 M, = (1.66x10-24 moles solute)/(1.0 litre).
What is the solution's concentration when 1 mole of solute dissolves in 1 liter of solution?A way to express solution concentration is by molarity. It is described as the quantity of solute that dissolves in one liter of solution.
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for each molecule of glucose that is metabolized by glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, what is the total number of nadh + fadh₂ molecules produced?
The net molecular and energetic effects of glycolysis, the conversion of pyruvate, and the citric acid cycle are 4 ATP, 10 NADH, and 2 FADH2 in line with a molecule of glucose.
Glucose is an easy sugar with the molecular formulation C₆H₁₂O₆. Glucose is ordinarily the maximum considerable monosaccharide, a subcategory of carbohydrates.
In the hyperglycemia method, there may be too much sugar inside the blood because the frame lacks enough insulin. associated with diabetes, hyperglycemia can motivate vomiting, immoderate starvation and thirst, fast heartbeat, imaginative and prescient issues, and other signs. Untreated hyperglycemia can lead to extreme fitness problems.
A blood sugar degree of less than 140 mg/dL is every day. An analysis of more than two hundred mg/dL after-hours approach you have got diabetes. An analyzing between a hundred and forty and 199 mg/dL manner you've got prediabetes.
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the mass of solute per 100 ml of solution is abbreviated as (m/v). mass is not technically the same thing as weight, but the abbreviation (w/v) is also common. how many grams of sucrose are needed to make 795 ml of a 40.0% (w/v) sucrose solution?
Mass of sucrose is 378 grams
[tex]\% \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{V}=\frac{\text { Mass of sucrose }}{\text { Volume of solution }}[/tex]
[tex]\text { Let } m=\text { mass of sucrose }[/tex]
[tex]\frac{40.0 \mathrm{~g}}{100 \mathrm{~mL}}=\frac{m}{795 \mathrm{~mL}}[/tex]
[tex]m=\frac{40.0 \mathrm{~g} \times 795}{100}[/tex]
= 378 g
What is mass?
A scientific term used to represent the density and kind of atoms in any given article is called mass.
What is sucrose?
A disaccharide is a sugar composed of glucose and fructose subunits is sucrose. It is produced naturally in plants and is the main ingredient of white sugar.
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The metal i oberved to begin to melt when the temperature of it container i approximately 29°C. The metal i mot likely
When the metal is seen to start melting at a temperature of about 29°C in its container, gallium is most likely the metal.
What is metal?A metal is a substance that exhibits a shiny appearance when freshly processed, polished, or shattered, and conducts electricity and heat rather well. Generally speaking, metals are malleable and ductile. These characteristics are the outcome of the metallic link that exists between the metal's atoms or molecules. Any of a group of materials known as metals that exhibit strong thermal and electrical conductivity as well as malleability, ductility, and high light reflection.
How is metal made and where it found it?Extraction of the unprocessed ore from the earth is the initial step in the production of metal alloys. The non-metal components, like as rock and rubbish, are subsequently removed from the ore during processing. Metal alloys are created by melting and mixing different metal parts.
The majority of pure metals are located in the crust of the earth. Ores, which are solid substances from which metals and minerals can be extracted, are where they are found. Iron makes up almost a third of the planet's mass, and most of it is concentrated in its core.
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a solution of dispersant is made by taking 15.0 ml of a 60.0 mg⋅ml−1 solution of tween 80 and mixing it with 55.0 ml of water. calculate the final concentration of the tween 80 in this solution, in units of grams per milliliter.
The final concentration of the Randyne in grams per milliliter = 0.011 g/mL
What is Solution?
In science, a solution is a particular kind of mixture made up of two or more substances. The definition of a solution specifically relates to a certain class of homogeneous mixture, that is, a mixture with a uniform composition and no discernible differences between its constituent parts. This is distinct from a heterogeneous mixture, where each component can be seen separately.
Although mixtures of gases or solids can also be included in solutions, liquid mixtures are the most common type. A solvent and a solute are needed to create a solution.
As we know
C1V1 = C2V2
C1 and C2 = concentration of solution 1 and 2 respectively
V1 and V2 = Volume of solution 1 and 2 respectively
Substituting the given values, we get -
The final concentration of the Randyne in grams per milliliter = 0.011 g/mL
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the mole fraction of ammonia in an ammonia water solution is 0.818. if the solution contains 6.00 moles of water, how many moles of ammonia must also be present?
27 moles of ammonia must also be present.
The no of moles of water in solution = 6 moles
mole fraction of ammonia = number of moles of ammonia/ Total no of moles
0.818 = no of moles of ammonia / no of moles of ammonia + number of moles of water
0.818 = n1 / n1 + 6
n1 = 4.908/ 0.182 = 27 mole
One of the industrial chemicals made most frequently in the US is ammonia (NH3). In addition to being naturally occurring in both individuals and the environment, it is employed in industry and commerce. Numerous biological functions require ammonia, which also acts as a precursor to the creation of amino acids and nucleotides. Ammonia is created in soil by bacteria and is a component of the nitrogen cycle in the environment. Ammonia is also created naturally through the breakdown of organic material, such as plants, animals, and animal excrement. Approximately 80% of the ammonia produced by industry is used as fertilizer in agriculture. In addition to these uses, ammonia is also employed in the production of polymers, explosives, textiles, insecticides, dyes, and other compounds. It also serves as a refrigerant gas.
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enough of a monoprotic acid is dissolved in water to produce a 1.35 m solution. the ph of the resulting solution is 2.68 . calculate the ka for the acid.
Ka=5.3*10^(−11) By definition, Ka will be equal to Ka= [H3O+]*[A-]/[HA]Now use the pH of the solution to determine the equilibrium concentration of hydronium
How do you determine an acid's Ka?We shall first ascertain the pKa of the solution before calculating the Ka. The pH of the solution and the pKa of the solution are equal at the equivalence point. As a result, we can quickly calculate the value of Ka using a titration curve and the equation Ka = - log pKa.
How to determine Ka?The ionisation constant (Ka) of formic acid can be calculated by the following formula;-
Ka = {[H+] * [HCOO-]} / [HCOOH]
Therefore you would need to know the value of each of the three concentration values on the right-hand side of the equation.
The equation for the dissociation of formic acid is;-
HCOOH ⇌ H+ + HCOO-
From this equation it can be seen that, at any degree of ionisation, the moles of H+ ions produced is equivalent to the moles of HCOO- ions. Therefore we can say that;-
[H+] = [HCOO-]
So, the equation for Ka in this case becomes;-
Ka = {[H+] * [H+]} / [HCOOH]
Ka = [H+]^2 / [HCOOH]
So, we have simplified our Ka formula down to two values, the H+ ion concentration [H+], and the concentration of undissociated formic acid [HCOOH]. To calculate the Ka for formic acid, we therefore need to either measure, or be given these values.
For example, if we started with a solution of formic acid which was 0.1M, we could measure its pH. Since pH = -log[H+], we could then calculate the H+ ion concentration and solve the Ka equation.
As it turns out the pH of a 0.1M formic acid solution is 2.38. Therefore, for this formic acid solution;-
-log([H+]) = 2.38
log([H+]) = -2.38
[H+] =10^(-2.38)
[H+] = 0.0042 M
Also, since formic is a relatively weak acid we can use the original solution concentration. i.e. [HCOOH] = 0.1M
Now we can solve the Ka equation we simplified above;-
Ka = [H+]^2 / [HCOOH]
Ka = (0.0042 )^2 / 0.1
Ka = 1.764 * 10^-4
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how many molecules of ch4 are in 48.2 g of this compound? question 19 options: 3.00 5.00 × 1024 4.00 2.90 × 1025 1.81 × 1024
In response to the question, 48.2 gram of CH4 contain 1.81*10²⁴ molecules of CH4.
What are some instances of molecules?A molecule is the simplest unit of any material that is composed of one or more elements and is capable of existing independently while maintaining all of the material's physical and chemical characteristics. Further atom division occurs within molecules. For instance, the symbols for the atom and molecule are O and O2, respectively.
Which four sorts of molecules are there?Large biomolecules can be divided into four categories: lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Monomers called oligosaccharides, which comprise oxygen, oxygen, or hydrogen, are the building blocks of carbs.
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The complete question is-
How many molecules of ch4 are in 48.2 g of this compound?
(a). 3.00
(b). 4.00
(c). 2.90*10²⁵
(d). 5.00*10²⁴
(e). 1.81*10²⁴
) what are the maximum (peak) mixing ratios of ozone (o3), nitric oxide (no), and nitrogen dioxide (no2) during these eight days?
These numbers show that the highest mean O3 concentration occurs during the daytime and is higher than it is at night. While there is a greater mean NO concentration at night.
O3 and NO2 exhibit a diurnal tendency, right?The NO, NO2 and NOx diurnal cycles resemble double waves. The morning peak is larger than the evening peak in size. The morning peak of NO2 arrives 1-2 hours after the NO peak, while the morning peaks of O3 appear roughly 6 hours, 5 hours, and 2 hours after the NO2 peak, respectively.
When do NOx gas levels peak during the day?The higher levels of NOx coincide with the peak hours for vehicular emissions, which are in the morning and evening.
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the molecular geometry of the chf3 molecule is , and the molecule is . question 12 options: a) seesaw, nonpolar b) tetrahedral, polar c) tetrahedral, nonpolar d) trigonal pyramidal, polar e) seesaw, polar
The molecular geometry of the chf3 molecule is tetrahedral , and the molecule is polar.
The atomic configuration of a molecule in three dimensions is known as molecular geometry. Bond lengths, bond angles, torsional angles, and any other geometrical factors that affect each atom's position are all included in this, along with the molecule's overall form. Molecule Geometries. Linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral are the five primary shapes of simple molecules as described by the VSEPR theory.
A molecule is said to be tetrahedral when its centre atom has four bonds and no lone pairs. There are 109.5° angles between the atoms that are bound to the core atom and are situated at its four corners. Four substituents are positioned in the four corners of a tetrahedron, with the central atom in a tetrahedral molecular geometry being in the centre.
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suppose you have two 1-l flasks, one containing n2 at stp and the other containing ch4 at stp.
part a
how do these systems compare with respect to the number of molecules?
how do these systems compare with respect to the number of molecules?
n2 will have a greater number of molecules.
ch4 will have a greater number of molecules.
they will have the same number of molecules.
there is not enough information given to make the comparison.
They will have the same number of molecules.
At stp every gas contains Na number of molecules for 22.4l
Here the volume of each flask is 1l
Here we know that
For 1l each gas will consists of Na/22.4 molecules.
Here Na = 6 × 10^24
We here thus mention
By avogadro's hypothesis
The number of molecules present in the same condition for different species for the same volume must be equal.
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calculate the change in ph when 9.00 ml of 0.100 m hcl(aq) is added to 100.0 ml of a buffer solution that is 0.100 m in nh3(aq) and 0.100 m in nh4cl(aq). consult
The change in ph when 9.00 ml of 0.100 m hcl(aq) is added to 100.0 ml of a buffer solution that is 0.100 m in nh3(aq) and 0.100 m in nh4cl(aq). consult
1)
Step 1: Calculate initial pH
Kb = 1.8*10^-5
pKb = - log (Kb)
= - log(1.8*10^-5)
= 4.745
use:
pOH = pKb + log {[conjugate acid]/[base]}
= 4.745+ log {0.1/0.1}
= 4.745
use:
PH = 14 - pOH
= 14 - 4.7447
= 9.2553
Step 2: Calculate pH after adding HCl
mol of HCl added = 0.1M *9.0 mL = 0.9 mmol
NH3 will react with H+ to form NH4+
Before Reaction:
mol of NH3 = 0.1 M *100.0 mL
mol of NH3 = 10 mmol
mol of NH4+ = 0.1 M *100.0 mL
mol of NH4+ = 10 mmol
after reaction,
mol of NH3 = mol present initially - mol added
mmol of NH3 = (10 - 0.9) mmol
mol of NH3 = 9.1 mmol
mol of NH4+ = mol present initially + mol added
mol of NH4+ = (10 + 0.9) mmol
mol of NH4+ = 10.9 mmol
since volume is both in numerator and denominator, we can use mol instead of concentration
Kb = 1.8*10^-5
pKb = - log (Kb)
= - log(1.8*10^-5)
= 4.745
After the reaction, the following equation holds true: mol of NH3 = mol present initially - mol added mmol of NH3 = (10 - 0.9) mmol mol of NH3 = 9.1 mmol mol of NH4+ = mol present initially + mol added mol of NH4+ = (10 + 0.9) Since volume appears in both the numerator and denominator of the equation, we can use mol in place of concentration: mmol mol of NH4+ = 10.9 mmol
Kb = 1.8*10-5 pKb = -log(Kb) = -log(1.8*10-5) = 4.745
Employ: pOH = pKb + log [conjugate acid]/[base] = 4.745 + log [10.9/9.1] = 4.823
employ: PH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 4.8231 = 9.1769
Step 3: Subtract the final pH from the initial pH to arrive at a change delta pH of -0.0784 (9.1769 - 9.2553).
Incorrect: -0.0784
2) The reaction between NH4+ and OH- will produce NH3 when mol of NaOH supplied is 0.1M *9.0 mL = 0.9 mmol.
NH3 = 0.1 M * 100.0 mL mol of NH3 = 10 mmol NH4+ = 0.1 M * 100.0 mL mol of NH4+ = 10 mmol
After reaction, the equation is: Mol of NH3 = Mol originally present + Mol of NH3 added = (10 + 0.9). mmol mol of NH3 equals 10.9 mmol mol of NH4+ equals mol initially present minus mol added mol of NH4+ = (10 - 0.9) Since volume is in both the numerator and the denominator of mmol mol of NH4+ = 9.1 mmol, we can substitute mol for concentration.
Kb = 1.8*10-5 pKb = -log(Kb) = -log(1.8*10-5) = 4.745
Make use of: pOH = pKb + log [conjugate acid]/[base] = 4.745 + log [9.1/10.9] = 4.666
employ: PH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 4.6663 = 9.3337
delta pH = final pH - initial pH
= 9.3337 - 9.2553
= 0.0784
Answer: 0.0784
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what happens to the electron configuration of the outermost energy level as atomic number increases across a horizontal row?
As atomic number increases across a horizontal row, the electron configuration of the outermost energy level will become more complex.
This is because each successive element has one additional electron, which will be added to the highest-energy orbital available. As the atomic number increases, more orbitals will become available, which will increase the complexity of the electron configuration in the outermost energy level.
The Impact of Atomic Number Increases on the Electron Configuration of the Outermost Energy LevelIn the modern universe, the behavior of matter is a topic of great interest. The discovery of atomic structure in the mid-19th century changed the way scientists understood the behavior of matter. Atoms contain nuclei and electrons, and the number of the latter is determined by the atomic number.
The atomic number refers to the number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom. This means that the atomic number determines the number of electrons an atom possesses. These electrons are distributed in different energy levels, and the outermost energy level is the last to receive electrons. This means that the atomic number has a direct impact on the electron configuration of the outermost energy level.
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how many moles of hydrogen peroxide will be oxidized by 0.043 5 moles of potassium permanganate an acidic solution
The number of moles of hydrogen peroxide will be oxidized by 0.0435 moles of potassium permanganate an acidic solution is 0.054375
What is titration?
Titration is a technique used to gauge an unknown substance's concentration. Titrations, for instance, can be used to calculate the volume of solution needed to neutralize an acid. Titrations are used in redox titrations to determine the amount of the oxidizing agent that is required to oxidize a substance.
Here,
H2o2(aq} −→ 2O2 + 2H+ 2e-
MnO4−(aq)+8H++5e−→Mn2+(aq)+4H2O(l)
Combining the oxidation and reduction half~reactions for hydrogen peroxide and permanganate ion, respectively, and writing the balanced chemical equation for the overall reaction between H2O2 and Mn04- in acid solution gives us
5 H2O2 + 2 MnO4– + 6 H+ -------> 2 Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5 O2
The mole ratio is 5 hydrogen peroxide molecules to 2 permanganate molecules in the reaction
Therefore moles oxidized by 0.0435 moles of potassium permanganate, using the ratio, is 0.054375
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