The pace at which reactants change into products is known as the rate of a chemical reaction. Several experimental factors, such as the following, have an impact on the pace of a chemical reaction:
. Temperature: As a reaction's temperature rises, the kinetic energy of the reactant molecules rises as well, increasing the possibility of successful collisions between reactant molecules. The reaction's rate rises as a result of this.
. Concentration: Increasing the amount of reactants in a process causes more molecules to collide with one another, which accelerates the reaction.
. Surface area: Increasing a solid reactant's surface area causes more molecules to collide with one another, speeding up the reaction.
. Catalyst: A catalyst is something that speeds up a chemical reaction without becoming eaten by it. By offering an alternative reaction pathway, it lowers the activation energy necessary for the reaction to happen.
. Pressure: Increasing the pressure of the reactants in gas-phase reactions causes more molecules to collide, which accelerates the reaction's pace.
Overall, there are many variables that might affect and complicate the link between the experimental parameters and the rate of a chemical reaction. One or more of these parameters can be altered to raise or reduce the rate of a reaction.
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base your answers to questions 63 through 65 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry. tritium, hydrogen-3, is a radioisotope.
Answer:
63. What is the atomic number of tritium?
The atomic number of tritium is 1, as it is a isotope of hydrogen, which has an atomic number of 1.
64. How is tritium typically produced?
Tritium is typically produced through nuclear reactions, such as those in a nuclear reactor or during nuclear weapons testing. It can also be produced in small amounts through the interaction of cosmic rays with the Earth's atmosphere.
65. What are some of the applications of tritium?
Tritium has a number of applications, including as a radioactive tracer in medical imaging and research, and as a fuel for nuclear fusion reactions. It can also be used in self-powered lighting devices, such as exit signs and emergency lighting. Additionally, Tritium is used to produce the radioactive isotope Helium-3, which is used in nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and in neutron detection.
1. 50 cm³ of 0.5 l/dm³ MagH solution and 50cm²³
Assignment
of O-Sund Idm HNOS
were mixed at 20°C and Stirred
calorimeter with negligible heat capacity. The
temperature
of each solution is 10g|am³ and the specific heat capauly
of the muxture rose to 23-2°C. The density
of each solution is 4-18 J|K|g. Calculate:
1. The enthalpy for the neutralization.
in enthalpy per mole of water.
Calculate the change
formed
2. Given the following reactions and their respective.
enthalpy changes:
C3Hg) +50₂
3 CO₂ + 4H₂016 AH = -2213kJlmol
Cs) + O₂cy CO₂51; OH = -393-7 kJ/mol
H₂₂) + ≤0₂19 → H₂O(1) AH = -285.9 kJ/mol
→
Calculate DH for the Chemical reaction:
3 Col + 4H₂g)
→
C3 Hz (g)
= XkJ lugl
100 Cc of 40°C Water is Contained in a Calorimeter with Negligible Heat Capacity. It takes 5 minutes for the water to cool to 35°C.
What does negligible heat capacity mean?Since the vessel has a very low heat capacity, you can conclude that the water is gaining all of the heat that the copper is losing. Decide on q=mc*deltaT for the copper and water, and then compare the temperatures.They can't be negative, though. How much energy must be added in order to raise a substance's temperature by a specific amount is known as its heat capacity. Since this is endothermic, it must be advantageous.In a calorimetric measurement, either (a) a process that is exothermic occurs and heat (q), which is negative, indicating that thermal energy is transferred from the system to its surroundings, or (b) a process that is endothermic occurs and heat (q), which is positive, indicating that thermal energy is transferred from the surroundings to.To learn more about Calorimeter refer to:
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If BH3 formed the trigonal planar molecule shown in the image below, which statement would best describe BH3?
If BH3 formed the trigonal planar molecule, Boron does not contain a complete octet of electrons.
About boronBoron compounds such as borax (sodium tetraborate, Na2B4O7·10H2O) have been known and used by ancient cultures for thousands of years. However, boron was first partially isolated in 1808 by French chemists Joseph L. Gay-Lussac and L. J. Thénard and separately by Sir Humphry Davy in London. In 1909, the American chemist Ezekiel Weintraub produced 99% pure boron by reducing boron halides with hydrogen.
Nearly a century later, in 2004, Jiuhua Chen and Vladimir L. Solozhenko produced a new form of boron, but were unsure of its structure. Boron is a semi-metallic (metalloid) element and does not occur freely in nature. The abundance of boron in nature is very low, which is around 0.0003% and its minerals are found in the form of ulexite, borax, collemanite, and kernite. The element boron has 2 isotopes, namely boron-10 with an abundance of about 20% and boron-11 with an abundance of about 80%.
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What is the formula for cobalt(II) sulfide?
Answer:
CoS
Explanation:
Both have valenciés of 2
4.) What % of the original atoms remained after 8 trials?
The remaining percentage of the original radioactive atoms is 321100=3. 125%.
What percentage of radioactive substance remains after ten half-lives?We have 12.5 percent left after another six hours. Only 0.1% of the radioactivity is left after ten half-lives. Three different half-lives are available.More than 99 percent of an atom's volume is actually empty space when protons, neutrons, and electrons are taken into account.According to current estimates, hydrogen makes up 90% of all atoms in the universe and is crucial to the existence of the material world.Therefore, 50% of the original parent nuclei are still there after one half-life; 25% are still present after two half-lives; and so on. A radioactive source's half-life and the initial quantity of radioactive atoms present affect the radiation's intensity.To learn more about percentage refer to:
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air at 30,000 feet is at a temperature of -35.0 c. a sample of air was collected and the mixture is 75.56% nitrogen, 23.15% oxygen and 1.29% argon (percentages are by mass). if .594 moles of air are captured in a 45.0 l container from a plane flying at 30000 feet:
The 0.594 moles of the air were collected from plane flying at the altitude of the height 30,000 feet and is at the temperature of - 35 °C.
The total moles of the air in the container = 45.0 L × (1.00 mol/22.4 L)
= 2.01 mol.
The sample contains the 75.56% nitrogen, 23.15% oxygen, and 1.29% argon, the moles of each are:
Moles of Nitrogen = 0.7556 × 2.01 mol
= 1.52 mol
Moles of Oxygen = 0.2315 × 2.01 mol
= 0.46 mol
Moles of Argon = 0.0129 × 2.01 mol
= 0.03 mol
The difference between the total number moles and the number moles of the nitrogen, the oxygen, and the argon:
Air = 2.01 mol - 1.52 mol - 0.46 mol - 0.03 mol
= 0.594 mol
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give a formula corresponding to the following name: tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(iii) pentacyanoiodomanganate(ii)
[Co(en)3] [Mn(CN)5I2] is the formula for tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) pentacyanoiodomanganate(II). Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) pentacyanoiodomanganate(II) is a complex molecule.
containing two metal ions, cobalt and manganese, which are coupled to distinct ligands. The cobalt ion forms a [Co(en)3] unit with three ethylenediamine (en) ligands. The manganese ion forms a [Mn(CN)5I2] unit with five cyanide (CN) ligands and two iodine (I2) ligands. The compound's overall formula is [Co(en)3] [Mn(CN)5I2]. The complex contains a cobalt ion in the +3 oxidation state and a manganese ion in the +2 oxidation state. Because the ethylenediamine ligands are bidentate, they can bind with the metal ion via two distinct nitrogen atoms. Cyanide ligands are bidentate as well, coordinating via the nitrogen atoms. The iodine ligands are not coordinated to each other.
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which of the molecules would you expect to have the lowest lumo energy? explain your answer (next question). i have to manually grade this. which of the molecules would you expect to have the lowest lumo energy? explain your answer (next question). i have to manually grade this. a b c d
As resonance decreases the energy gap, 1 has the lowest homo lumo energy. By replacing electron-donating groups, homo energy level rises.
How is a molecule created?A molecule is produced when several atoms join together and bind with one another. When a bond forms between two atoms, each shares one electron. A covalent bond results in the formation of a molecule.
Can people make molecules?Sometimes you just have to make stuff yourself if you want it done well. That most definitely could be the case when employing molecules to build minuscule gadgets like drug-delivering nano-robots.
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The complete question is -
Which of the following molecules would you expect to have the smallest HOMO LUMO energy gap?
which of the following is necessarily characterized by a non-covalent linkage? peptide bond ionic bond ester bond phosphodiester bond glycosidic bond
A glycosidic bond is necessarily characterized by a non-covalent linkage
A glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage is a type of covalent bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate. Glycosidic bond is formed normally between carbon atoms, 1 and 4, of neighbouring monosaccharide units.
Peptide bond
The carboxyl group of one amino acid is joined to the amino group of another to produce a peptide bond, also known as a eupeptide bond. In essence, a peptide link is an amide-type covalent chemical bond. This bond connects two adjacent alpha-amino acids starting at carbon number one (C1) of one and nitrogen number two (N2) of another. This linkage can be discovered along a protein or peptide chain.
Ionic bond
Ionic compounds are substances held together by ionic bonds, which are the attraction between positive and negative ions in a crystal. When two atoms share one or more electron pairs, a covalent bond is created.
Glucosylated bond
The term "glycosidic bond" refers to the link created between the first carbon atom of one monosaccharide and the four carbon atoms of the adjoining monosaccharide unit, which results in the development of a polysaccharide.
As a byproduct, a water molecule is liberated.
Phosphate-diester bond
A phosphodiester is a phosphate-hydroxyl linkage between two nucleotides where the phosphate is joined to the hydroxyl group at the pentose sugar's 5' carbon and is then linked to the hydroxyl group at the pentose sugar's 3' carbon of the following nucleotide.
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6. Mr. K is trying to identify a white crystal he found this summer by determining the density of it. He placed it on a scale and it massed out at 51.00 grams. When he placed it in 50.0 mL of water, the level rose to 61.4 mL. What is the density of the white crystal?
The density of the white crystal is 4.48 g/cm³.
What is Density?
Density is defined as the measure of mass per unit volume of a substance, where the measure of a pure substance is proportional to its mass concentration. Densities are the measure of relative compactness whose definition of this measure can be expressed as mass, m, in a particular volume, v.
ρ = m/V
where, ρ = density, kg/m3, or g/(cm)3
m = mass, in kg or g
V = volume, in m3 or (cm)3
For above given information,
Mass of white crystal = 51.00g
Volume of water = 50.0 mL
Volume of water + white crystal = 61.4 mL
First of all we will calculate the volume of white crystal.
Volume of white crystal= (volume of water + white crystal) - Volume of water
Volume of white crystal= 61.4 mL - 50.0 mL
Volume of white crystal= 11.4 mL
Density of white crystal:
d = m/v
d = 51.00 g / 11.4 mL
d = 4.48 g/cm³ (i.e. 1mL = 1 cm³ )
Thus, the density of the white crystal is 4.48 g/cm³.
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In a solution containing zinc ions is placed a piece of copper. According to the standart reduction potentials, which reaction will occur?
a) Zinc will react with copper to form a bronze alloy
b) No reaction will occur
c) Copper will be dissolved
d)Metallic zinc will be deposited on copper
e) Zinc will be react with copper to form a brass alloy
According to the standard reduction potentials Zinc will be react with copper to form a brass alloy will occur.
What is standard reduction?
Standard reduction is a type of oxidation-reduction reaction in which the oxidation number of a molecule or atom decreases. It is achieved by the addition of electrons or the removal of oxygen atoms from the molecule. This process is also known as reduction-oxidation or redox reaction. Standard reduction is commonly used in chemical synthesis and in the production of electricity. It is important to note that the reactant that gains electrons is the reducing agent, while the substance that loses electrons is the oxidizing agent.
Therefore, According to the standard reduction potentials Zinc will be react with copper to form a brass alloy will occur.
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convert 3.63 days into seconds
Answer: 313,632 seconds
Explanation:
AlCl₃ has a van't Hoff factor of i = 3.20. What is the concentration of particles in a 0.651 M solution of AlCl₃?
The concentration of particles in a 0.651 M solution of AlCl₃ is 2.06 M.
This can be calculated by multiplying the molarity of the solution (0.651 M) by the van't Hoff factor (3.20). Therefore, 0.651 x 3.20 = 2.06.
What is molarity?
Molarity is a unit of concentration that is defined as the number of moles of a solute per liter of solution. It is usually represented by the symbol M. The calculation of molarity is done by dividing the number of moles of a solute by the total volume of the solution in liters. It is also often used in dilutions, where the concentration of a solution is reduced by adding more solvent. Molarity is a very important concept in chemistry and is used to predict and measure the amount of substances needed in a reaction.
Therefore, The concentration of particles in a 0.651 M solution of AlCl₃ is 2.06 M.
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b. according to e.f. codd, who theorized the concept of the relational model, the actual value for the combination of attribute name and type must be atomic.
Yes, according to E.F. Codd, the relational model's founder, the values in a relational database must be atomic, which means indivisible and indestructible. This means that each attribute value,
must represent a single, indivisible unit of data and cannot be subdivided. This guarantees that each attribute value may be viewed as a distinct object and edited and processed as such. Along with domain independence and normalization, the idea of atomicity is one of the basic concepts of the relational model.This means that each attribute value must represent a single, indivisible unit of data and cannot be subdivided. This guarantees that each attribute value may be viewed as a distinct object and edited and processed as such. ccording to e.f. codd, who theorized the concept of the relational model, the actual value for the combination of attribute name and type must be atomic.
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Which of the following is true regarding ATP hydrolysis in erythrocytes? Hint: compare the Keq to the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants in the cell. Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b Energy and Thermodynamics A.The reaction is at equilibrium. B.The reaction is close to equilibrium. C.The reaction is far from equilibrium; there are more products and fewer reactants in the cell than expected at equilibrium. D.The reaction is far from equilibrium; there are more reactants and fewer products in the cell than expected at equilibrium
Considering ATP hydrolysis in erythrocytes, the reactions is far removed from homeostasis; there are more metabolites and fewer heterogeneous catalysts in the cell than would be predicted at equilibrium.
A hydrolysis reaction: what is it?The term "hydrolysis" refers to the breaking of covalent bonding but by addition of sodium and describes the response of an organic compound with water to produce two maybe more new chemicals. The process by which your body separates food into its nutrient components is known as hydrolysis.
What happens during hydrolysis?A process called hydrolyzed involves the chemical inclusion of water while a molecule is separated into smaller ones. Enzymes that accelerate hydrolysis are present in almost all cells, but the liver has the largest levels of these enzymes.
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Concentration of the tubular filtrate by the countercurrent mechanism is dependent on all of the following except:A. High salt concentration in the medullaB. Water-impermeable walls of the ascending loop of HenleC. Reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the ascending loop of HenleD. Active transport reabsorption of sodium and glucose in the proximal convoluted tubule
The concentration of tubular filtrate by counter current is the mechanism that is depend on all of the given option but except D. Active transport reabsorption of sodium and glucose in the proximal convoluted tubule.
The counter current mechanism depends on the following :
A. The High salt concentration in the medulla.
B. The Water-impermeable walls of the ascending loop of the Henle.
C. The Reabsorption of the sodium and the chloride from the ascending loop of the Henle.
Thus the correct option that counter current mechanism not dependent on is D. Active transport reabsorption of sodium and glucose in the proximal convoluted tubule.
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T/F an acid is a substance that donates protons when dissolved in water and a base is a substance that accepts protons when it dissolves in water.
The statement is true that acid is a substance that donates protons when dissolved in water and a base is a substance that accepts protons when dissolved in water.
Chemical substances are classified into three types based on nature. They are acids, bases, and neutral substances. Lewis and Bronsted are the two theories that classified chemical substances.Lewis theory is based on electron pairs and the Lowry and Bronsted concept is based on the proton.Lewis theory was discovered by scientist Lewis and this theory is based on electron pairs.Any chemical substance that can accept an electron pair is known as an acid or lewis acid.Any chemical substance that can donate an electron pair is known as a base or lewis base.Lowry and Bronsted theory is based on protons.Any chemical substance that can donate a proton is known as an acid or Bronsted acid.Any chemical substance that can accept a proton is known as base or Bronsted base.Thus, from these two theories, an acid is a substance that can accept an electron pair and donate a proton.Go through the given link below to know more about acid:-
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4. SEP Identify Patterns Would you expect beryllium salts to be more or less soluble than strontium salts? I would expect beryllium salts to be
Beryllium as well as its salts are soluble in a variety of solutions in water, including chloride, phosphate, & sulfate. Other substances, including beryl and beryllium oxide, are either insoluble or merely marginally soluble.
What are the three purposes of beryllium?The following industries employ end products1 that contain beryllium and beryllium compounds: brakes, engines, satellites, and space telescopes for aerospace vehicles systems and ignitions for automobiles rocket cover and semiconductor chip fabrication ceramic
Which three salts are they?Salts can be classified as acidic, basic, neutral, or double salts, among others. "Acidic Salt" is the name given to a salt which is created when a strong acid and a weak base react.
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how many moles of Fe2O3 will react with 99.0 g of Al
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 1.83 moles of Fe₂O₃ will react with 99.0 g of Al
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
2 Al + Fe₂O₃ → Al₂O₃ + 2 Fe
By reaction stoichiometry, the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
Al: 2 molesFe₂O₃: 1 moleAl₂O₃: 1 moleFe: 2 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
Al: 27 g/moleFe₂O₃: 159.7 g/moleAl₂O₃: 102 g/moleFe: 55.85 g/moleBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
Al: 2 moles ×27 g/mole= 54 gramsFe₂O₃: 1 mole ×159.7 g/mole= 159.7 gramsAl₂O₃: 1 mole ×102 g/mole= 102 gramsFe: 2 moles ×55.85 g/mole= 111.7 gramsMass of Fe₂O₃ requiredIt is possible to use a simple rule of three as follows: If by reaction stoichiometry 54 grams of Al react with 1 mole of Fe₂O₃, 99 grams of Al react with how many moles of Fe₂O₃?
moles of Fe₂O₃= (99 grams of Al ×1 mole of Fe₂O₃)÷54 grams of Al
moles of Fe₂O₃= 1.83 moles
Finally, 1.83 moles of Fe₂O₃ is needed.
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Which pair shares the same empirical formula?
A) c2h2 and c6h6
B) c2h2 and c2h4
C) ch2 and c6h6
D) ch and c2h4
Answer: a. C2H2 C 2 H 2 and C6H6 C 6 H 6
Explanation:
The pair with the same ratio will have the same empirical formula. a. C2H2 C 2 H 2 has a 1:1 ratio, and C6H6 C 6 H 6 also has a 1:1 ratio. Therefore, this pair shares the same empirical formula.
Which of the following is the balanced net ionic equation for an oxidation-reduction reaction between ag (aq) and ni(s) based on the half-reactions represented above?
Ni(s) â Ni²+(aq) + 2e
Ag (aq) +e â Ag(s)
a. Ag+ (aq) + Ni(s) â Ag(s) + Ni²+(aq)
b. 2 Ag+ (aq) + Ni(s) â Ag(s) + 2Ni2+
c. Ag+(aq) + 2Ni(s) â Ag(s) + 2NiZ+(aq)
d. 2Ag+(aq) + Ni(s) â 2Ag(s) + Ni²+(aq)
The balanced net ionic equation for an oxidation-reduction reaction between Ag+ (aq) and Ni(s) based on the half-reactions represented above is: d. 2Ag+(aq) + Ni(s) â 2Ag(s) + Ni²+(aq)
The reason is that both half-reactions must be balanced for both electrons and atoms, so the number of electrons lost by the oxidation half-reaction must equal the number of electrons gained by the reduction half-reaction. In this case, the oxidation half-reaction is: Ag+(aq) + e- -> Ag(s) which loses 1 electron. The reduction half-reaction is: Ni(s) -> Ni²+(aq) + 2e- which gains 2 electrons. To balance the number of electrons between the two half-reactions, we need to multiply the oxidation half-reaction by 2, so that it loses 2 electrons. So the balanced net ionic equation is 2 Ag+(aq) + Ni(s) -> 2 Ag(s) + Ni²+(aq).
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for each of these, tell which figure is closest to the correct answer: a) a baseball bat has a length of 100mm or 100 cm or 100 m. b) a glass of milk holds 23 cc or 230 mL, or 23 L. C) a man weighs 75 mg or 75 g or 75 kg. d) a tablespoon contains 15 mL or 150 mL or 1.5 L. e) a paper clip weighs 50 mg or 50 g or 50 kg. F) your hand has a width of 100 mm or 100 cm or 100 m.
According to the standard metric system, the correct figure indicating the right answer in a is 100 cm of baseball, and in b 230 ml of milk in glass and man of weight 75 kg.
What is standard metric system ?There are certain standard units used for the measurement of each parameter. For example, the mass of a person is said in kg. The volume of a liquid is expressed in ml or L. Similarly, the the width of an area is expressed in mm or cm for a small object.
The length of a the ball is expressed in centimeters. Hence, 100 cm is the answer. The volume of milk in the glass is 230 ml of milk and man of weight 75 kg is correct.
The volume in the table spoon is 15 ml and the weight of paper clip is 50 g. Similarly the width of hand is 100 mm.
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A microwave oven operates at 2.80 GHz
. What is the wavelength of the radiation produced by this appliance
The wavelength of the radiation produced by a microwave oven that operates at 2.80 GHz is 0.107 m or 107 mm.
What is wavelength of the radiation?This refers to the distance between two crests. It is measured in length units like nanometers, centimeters, or meters. Wavelength is represented by the Greek lowercase letter lambda, λ.
Solving for the wavelength of the radiation:
The wavelength of the radiation produced by a microwave oven that operates at 2.80 GHzcan be calculated using the formula
wavelength, λ = speed of light (c) / frequency (f).
c = 3 x 10⁸ m/s
f = 2.8 x 10⁹ Hz
In this case, the wavelength would be approximately:
wavelength = ( 3 x 10⁸ m/s)
(2.8 x 10⁹ Hz)
= (3/2.8) x 10⁻¹ m
= 1.07 x 10⁻¹ m
wavelength = 0.107 m or 107 mm.
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If the a of a monoprotic weak acid is 7.1×10−6, what is the pH of a 0.23 M solution of this acid?
The pH of the monoprotic acid solution is 2.9.
What is the pH of the acid?We know that the pH has to do with the amount of the hydrogen ions that we have in the solution expressed as the negative logarithm. Now, we can see that we have the Ka of the acid from the question as 7.1×10^−6.
Now;
Ka = x^2/(0.23 - x)
Then we have;
7.1×10^−6 = x^2/0.23 - x
7.1×10^−6(0.23 - x) = x^2
1.6 * 10^-6 - 7.1×10^−6x = x^2
Hence, we can make the quadratic from;
x^2 + 7.1×10^−6x - 1.6 * 10^-6 = 0
x = 0.00126 M
pH = -log ( 0.00126 M)
= 2.9
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Write the empirical formula for at least four ionic compounds that could be formed from the following ions: SO_4^2-, Fe^2+, MnO_4^-, Pb^4+
The four ionic compounds formed are FeSO₄ (Iron (II) sulfate), MnSO₄ (Manganese (IV) sulfate), PbSO₄ (Lead (IV) sulfate), Pb(MnO₄)₂ (Lead (IV) permanganate).
FeSO₄, also known as iron (II) sulfate, is an ionic compound that is formed from the combination of the iron (II) cation (Fe²⁺) and the sulfate anion (SO₄²⁻). This compound is often used as a source of iron in fertilizers and as a coagulant in water treatment. SO₄²- + Fe²+ = FeSO₄ (Iron (II) sulfate)
MnSO₄, also known as manganese (IV) sulfate, is an ionic compound that is formed from the combination of the manganese (IV) cation (MnO₄⁻) and the sulfate anion (SO4²⁻). This compound is often used in the production of fertilizers, ceramics and other industrial applications. SO₄²⁻ + MnO₄⁻ = MnSO₄ (Manganese (IV) sulfate)
PbSO₄, also known as lead (IV) sulfate, is an ionic compound that is formed from the combination of the lead (IV) cation (Pb⁴⁺) and the sulfate anion (SO₄²⁻). This compound is often used in the production of paint and ceramic glazes. Pb⁴⁺ + SO₄²⁻ = PbSO₄ (Lead (IV) sulfate)
Pb(MnO₄)₂, also known as lead (IV) permanganate, is an ionic compound that is formed from the combination of the lead (IV) cation (Pb⁴⁺) and the permanganate anion (MnO₄⁻). This compound is used as an oxidizing agent in laboratory and industrial settings. Pb⁴⁺ + MnO⁴⁻ = Pb(MnO₄)₂ (Lead (IV) permanganate)
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A biochemical reaction at constant temperature and pressure in a cellular environment is at equilibrium when the absolute temperature is equal to which of the following?
a. 0
b. -(ΔH)(ΔS)
c. -RT log Keq
d. ΔH/ΔS
c) At constant temperature and pressure, in a cellular environment, a biochemical reaction is at equilibrium when the absolute temperature is equal to -RT log Keq.
A biochemical reaction at equilibrium is a state in which the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. At this point, the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant.
The equilibrium constant, Keq, is a measure of the relative concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium. It is given by the equation:
Keq = [products]^c / [reactants]^a
The negative natural logarithm of the equilibrium constant, -ln(Keq) is known as the Gibbs free energy change, ΔG.
At constant temperature and pressure, the Gibbs free energy change is related to the enthalpy change, ΔH, and entropy change, ΔS, by the following equation: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
The above equation can be further simplified by using the ideal gas law and the universal gas constant R.
ΔG = -RT ln(Keq)
So, at constant temperature and pressure, in a cellular environment, a biochemical reaction is at equilibrium when the absolute temperature is equal to -RT log Keq.
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Chlorine has 2 naturally occurring isotopes, 35Cl (isotopic mass 34.9689 amu) and 37Cl (isotopic mass 36.9659 amu). If chlorine has an atomic mass of 35.4527 amu, what is the percent abundance of each isotope?
The percentage abundance of 35Cl is 75.77% and the percentage abundance of 37Cl is 24.23%.
Let's say there are two or more different versions of the same element, each with a unique atomic mass but the same atomic number. Isotopes are various versions of the same element with the same atomic number but differing atomic masses.
The information below is provided to us.
Assuming the proportion abundance of Cl-35 to be x%, the atomic mass of chlorine is 35.4527 u, the atomic mass of Cl-35 is 34.9689 u, and the atomic mass of Cl-37 is 39.9659 u.
Cl-37 has an abundance of (100 - x)%.
Average atomic mass, 35.4527 = [tex]\frac{x×34.9689 u+(100−x)×36.9659 u}{100}[/tex]
or, x= 75.77%.
So, abundance of 37Cl = 100% - 75.77 = 24.23%
Hence, the abundances are 75.77% and 24.23%.
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For each of the iron measurements, use the data You collected during te experiment to record the quantities in the table below Remember to pay attention t0 significant figures pnd record all masses and volumes with all the decimals provided by the lab Toal volume of water plus iron (mL) 30.64 ml 31.27 31.91 32,54 83 18 Toalmass of iron in the cylinder (g) 89.000 94.000 99.000 104.000 409.000 3 For each of the aluminum measurements, use the data you collected during the experimentto record the quantities in the table below. Remember to pay attention t0 signmicant igures and Tecord all masses and volumes with all the decimals provided by the lab Toll volume 01 water plus aluminum (mL) 31.85 33.70 35.56 37.1 39.26 Joa1 mess ofaluminum in the cylinder (g) 89.0oQ 94.Q00 99.000 404.000 102 00 Data Analysis IFor each of the iron mpaciirements Mse the dat? von coliected dirinothapydarinaokia DiZhG % SPAN 1205 WORDS RoweRAD BikmmR'
The volume of a liquid can be directly measured with specialized glassware, typically in units of milliliters (mL) or liters (L).
Define volume of iron?
If the metal is awkwardly shaped, you can calculate the volume using the displacement method. Fill a beaker half-way and record the volume of water. Insert the metal into the water and record the new volume of water. Subtract the initial volume of water from the final volume to determine the volume of the metal.The density of iron ρ is mass/volume, and the density is 7.874g/cm^3. So the volume of iron is v = m/ρ, or in words, the volume of iron is the mass divided by the density, 7.874g/cm^3Iron is used to make alloy steels like carbon steels with additives such as nickel, chromium, vanadium, tungsten, and manganese. These are used to make bridges, electricity pylons, bicycle chains, cutting tools and rifle barrels. Cast iron contains 3–5% carbon. It is used for pipes, valves, and pumps.To learn more about iron refers to:
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a chemist employed by an airplane manufacturer investigates new adhesives for the purpose of building airplanes without rivets. she is engaged in ________.
A chemist employed by an airplane manufacturer investigates new adhesives for the purpose of building airplanes without rivets. she is engaged in applied research.
Every research project begins with a precise explanation of the aim of the investigation, which aids in identifying the research method or strategy used. A researcher can therefore carry out either basic research or applied research.
A non-systematic approach to solving certain difficulties or problems is through applied research. These concerns or problems may affect a person, a group, or the entire society. Because it jumps right to seeking solutions, it is referred to as "non-systematic."
It is frequently referred to as a "scientific process" since it makes use of the existing scientific instruments to identify solutions.
There are three different categories in this research:
Action research, Research and Development, and evaluation research are three types of research.
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match the following items with their definitions. 1. a substance maintaining a uniform appearance and composition supersaturated 2. a mixture consisting of visibly different substances or phases homogeneous 3. two liquids that will not mix with one another unsaturated 4. at a given temperature the solvent contains all of the solute it can hold heterogeneous 5. at a given temperature the ability of a solvent to dissolve more solute saturated 6. at a given temperature a solution that contains more solute than can be dissolved by the solvent immiscible
A substance maintaining a uniform appearance and composition - homogeneous.
A mixture consisting of visibly different substances or phases - heterogeneous.
What is a solution?A homogenous mixture of two or more components with particles smaller than 1 nm is referred to as a solution. Solutions come in many forms, including soda water, salt and sugar solutions, and others. Every element in a solution appears as a single phase.
A continuous variation of a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in relative proportions up to what is known as the limit of solubility. Although solutions of gases and solids are possible, the term "solution" is most frequently used to refer to the liquid condition of matter.
Two liquids that will not mix with one another - immiscible
At a given temperature the solvent contains all of the solute it can hold - saturated
At a given temperature the ability of a solvent to dissolve more solute - unsaturated
At a given temperature a solution that contains more solute than can be dissolved by the solvent - supersaturated
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