The Bohr model states that when an electron in an atom jumps from one energy level to another, it releases energy in the form of light and produces an emission spectrum.
An absorption spectrum happens when light is absorbed by an atom, which causes electrons to jump from low energy levels to high energy levels.
The energy difference between the two levels involved in electron transfer is reflected in a specific spectral line in the emission or absorption spectrum.
The generation of spectral lines in the emission and absorption spectra of this element is caused by its atomic electronic transitions.
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The question is -
The same atom can produce either an emission spectrum or an ion spectrum depending on how the atom's electrons and light (one emission and one absorption) are created by an element. According to the Bohr model, different ed by different electron transitions in the atoms of that element. For each of the spectral lines indicated, pick the appropriate electron transition in the atom that is responsible for creating the spectral line. Absorption spectrum Emission spectrum 3OF9 6 1 8 2.
A 5 C charge is 10 m from a - 2 C charge. The electrostatic force (F) on the positive charge is:
The electrostatic force(F) on the positive charge 5C is -9 ×[tex]10^{8}[/tex]
Given:
First Charge, q1= 5 C
Second Charge, q2= -2 C
According to coulomb's law;
[tex]F = \frac{Kq1_{1} q2_{2} }{r^{2} }[/tex]
Here
[tex]K=9[/tex]× [tex]10^{9} N.m^{2} /C^{2}[/tex]
After substituting the given values, we have
[tex]F=\frac{9 * 10^{9} * 5 *(-2) }{10^{2} }[/tex]
F= -9 ×[tex]10^{8}[/tex]
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pls answer this hard question
thanks :)
The temperature at which the two metals will touch each other is 505 ⁰C.
What is the temperature at which the two metals touch each other?The temperature at which the metals touch each other is calculated as follows;
L = ΔL / αΔθ
where;
ΔL is change in lengthL is the original lengthSince both metals have equal length, our new equation becomes;
ΔL₁ / α₁Δθ = ΔL₂ / α₂Δθ
where;
α₁ is linear expansivity of ironα₂ is linear expansivity of copperΔL₁ is extension of iron,ΔL₂ is extension of copperΔL₁ / α₁ = ΔL₂ / α₂
ΔL₁ / ΔL₂ = α₁ / α₂
ΔL₁ / ΔL₂ = ( 12 x 10⁻⁶ ) / ( 19 x 10⁻⁶ )
ΔL₁ / ΔL₂ = 0.63
ΔL₁ = 0.63ΔL₂
The expansion of the two metals will be equal to 1.55 cm gap.
ΔL₁ + ΔL₂ = 1.55 cm
0.63ΔL₂ + ΔL₂ = 1.55
1.63ΔL₂ = 1.55
ΔL₂ = 1.55 / 1.63
ΔL₂ = 0.95 cm
The change in temperature is calculated as follows;
Δθ = ΔL₂ / (L₂α₂)
Δθ = ( 0.95 ) / ( 100 x 19 x 10⁻⁶ )
Δθ = 500 ⁰C
The temperature at which the two metals will touch each other is calculated as follows;
T - T₀ = Δθ
T = Δθ + T₀
T = 500 ⁰C + 5 ⁰C
T = 505 ⁰C
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a block of mass m on an inclined surface is attached to a spring of negligible mass, as shown. the other end of the spring is attached to a wall, and there is negligible friction between the block and the incline. the block is pulled to a position such that the spring is stretched from its equilibrium position. the block is then released from rest. which of the following systems can be classified as a closed system? responses a system consisting of the block only a system consisting of the block only a system consisting of the spring and earth a system consisting of the spring and earth a system consisting of the block and spring a system consisting of the block and spring a system consisting of the block, spring, and earth
Block with spring plus wall together can be classified as a closed system
1. Closed system is imaginary boundary through which no force interact. Or we say that closed system is system on which net force is zero.
2. Now consider block
There are force act by spring on block.
3. Now consider spring
There are two force at end of spring. On one end of spring force is act by block. While on second end of spring force is act by wall.
4. Now consider wall
There are force act by spring on wall.
5. For closed system, there should be zero force on system.
So we have take block, spring and wall as a closed system.
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The figure below shows the trajectory of a particle with mass m bound to (orbiting) an object of mass M by the Newtonian gravitational force. At which location(s) does the equation Fnet = m|v⃗|^2/|r⃗| apply?
The figure below shows the trajectory of a particle with mass m bound to (orbiting) an object of mass M by the Newtonian gravitational force therefore the location which equation Fnet = mv²/r applies is at B.
What is Centripetal force?This is referred to as any force which causes a change in direction of velocity toward the center of the circular motion and the formula is mv²/r .
For an object moving in a circular path, the centripetal force acts on it towards the centre of the path and in this scenario, location B is closest to the centre and the force which makes it remain on that same path which is why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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a locomotive is accelerating at 3.12m/s^2. It passes through a 24.8m wide crossing in a time of 2.21s. After the locomotive leaves the crossing, how much time is required until its speed reaches 33.2 m/s?
The time required until the locomotive's speed reaches 33.2 m/s is 7.04 second.
What is acceleration?
Acceleration is rate of change of velocity with time. Due to having both direction and magnitude, it is a vector quantity. Si unit of acceleration is meter/second² (m/s²).
Acceleration of the locomotive: a = 3.12 m/s².
Initial speed of the locomotive: u = 24.8 m/2.21 s = 11.22 m/s.
Final speed of the locomotive: v = 33.2 m/s.
Let, time interval = t
So, v = u - at
t = (v -u)/a
= (33.2 - 11.22)/3.12 second
= 7.4 second.
Hence, the time required until the its speed reaches 33.2 m/s is 7.04 second.
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a car travels along stright line at constant speed of 20 m/s for a distance d and then another distance in the same direction at constant speed of 30 km/hr. what is averege speed of the entire trip?
A car traveling at a constant speed of 20 m/s has travelled 3 minutes × 60 seconds/minute * 20 m/s = 3600 meters after 3 minutes.
What is speed?The rate at which an object's position changes in any direction is referred to as its speed. The ratio of distance travelled to travel time is used to determine speed. Velocity and speed are two terms used to describe how quickly an object moves along a path. That is to say, velocity is a vector and speed is a scalar value.
Speed is defined as the rate at which a distance changes over time. The base units of distance and time are combined to form the SI unit of speed. Distance multiplied by speed Time is equal to one metre per second. The SI unit for speed is the m/s.
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for the charge distribution provided, indicate the region (a to e) along the horizontal axis where a point exists at which the net electric field is zero. (figure 2)
At point C along the horizontal axis, the net electric field is zero.
Electrically charged particles are surrounded by a physical phenomenon termed an electric field that either attracts or repels all other adjacent charged particles. The physical field surrounding a system of charged particles can also be referred to. Electric charges and time-varying electric currents make up electric fields.Both electric and magnetic fields are manifestations of the electromagnetic field, one of the four fundamental interactions (sometimes known as forces) of nature.
1. In the region B along the horizontal axis , a point exists at which the net electric field is zero.
2. Nowhere in any region along the horizontal axis the net electric field is zero.
3. In the region A along the horizontal axis , a point exists at which the net electric field is zero.
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An astronaut of mass 60 kg is walking on the surface of a new planet. If their weight (in N) is twice their weight on Earth, what is the mass of the planet if it has the same radius as Earth (REarth=6.37×106m)? The mass of Earth is 5.97×1024kg.
The mass of the planet with the same radius as Earth is 3.05 × 10^24 kg.
What is mass?Mass is a measure of the amount of matter contained in an object. It can be measured using scales, balances or other measuring instruments. Mass is a fundamental property of all matter, and its measurement is the basis for many scientific and engineering calculations. Mass is not the same as weight, which is a measure of the force exerted by gravity on an object. Mass is often expressed in units such as kilograms or grams.
To calculate the mass of the planet, we must use Newton's Second Law of Motion, which states that the force (F) is equal to the mass (m) times the acceleration (a): F = ma. Since the astronaut's weight on the planet is twice what it is on Earth, the acceleration on the planet must be twice what it is on Earth. We can then use the equation F = mg (where m is the mass of the astronaut and g is the gravitational acceleration on Earth) to calculate the acceleration on the new planet.
We know that the gravitational acceleration on Earth is 9.81 m/s2, so the gravitational acceleration on the new planet is twice that, or 19.62 m/s2. We can now use Newton's Second Law of Motion to solve for the mass of the planet:
F = ma
mg = ma
m = (mg)/a
m = (60kg * 9.81m/s2)/(19.62m/s2)
m = 3.05 × 10^24 kg
Therefore, the mass of the planet with the same radius as Earth is 3.05 × 10^24 kg.
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1. What is the work done created when a vehicle is pushed by a force of 106N producing a distance of 10.5m?
2. What is the friction force if the coefficient of friction of a box in a ground is 0.3 and its mass is 101kg, and the gravitational acceleration is 9.81 m/s2?
3. What is the net work done if the change in kinetic energy 200 J
4. What is the net work done if an object of mass 50 kg initially moving at 2m/s increases its velocity to 6 m/s?
5. What is the final velocity of an object with a mass of 5.2kg if the initial velocity was 2 m/s and the net work done is 50 J.
6. If the mass of the object (M) is 2kg.
The force (F) of 58 N displaces the object M by 3 m. The coefficient of friction is 0.3 and the gravitational acceleration is 9.81 m/s2. Find the net work done.
HELP ASAP
The net work done is the sum of the work done by the force (F) and the work done by friction.
What is the net work done if the change in kinetic energy 200 J?The work done by force (F) is calculated as Force × Distance (F × d), which in this case is 58 N × 3 m = 174 Nm.The work done by friction is calculated as Force × Distance (μ × m × g × d), in this case 0.3 × 2 kg × 9.81 m/s2 × 3 m = 58.2 Nm.Therefore, the net work done is 174 Nm + 58.2 Nm = 232.2 Nm. This is the amount of work done when the object of mass 2 kg is displaced by a force of 58 N over a distance of 3 m, with a coefficient of friction of 0.3 and a gravitational acceleration of 9.81 m/s2.The net work done in this example is the sum of the work done by the force of 58 N and the work done by the frictional force.The work done by the force of 58 N is given by W = F x d = 58 N x 3 m = 174 J.The work done by the frictional force is given by W = Ff x d = Ff x d = 0.3 x 9.81 x 2 kg x 3 m = 29.22 J.Therefore, the net work done is the sum of both work, which is W = 174 J + 29.22 J = 203.22 J.This type of net work is known as the work of non-conservative forces, since the frictional force opposes the motion of the object and reduces the total energy of the system.To learn more about the work of non-conservative forces refer to:
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The acceleration of an object is in the positive x-direction at a particular instant. Based on this information, which one of the following statements about the object's motion must be true?
a. The object's speed is increasing.
b. The object's speed is decreasing.
c. The object's velocity is in the positive x-direction.
d. The object's velocity is changing, but it is unknown whether its speed is increasing or decreasing
Based on this information, the statement which is true about the object's motion is statement a. The object's speed is increasing.
The pace at which an object's velocity with regard to time changes is referred to as acceleration in mechanics. They are endogenous variables, accelerations. The direction of the total force exerted on an object determines the direction of its acceleration.
Motion in physics is the movement in an object's location with regard to its environment over a specific period of time. The phrases distance, displacement, and speed can be used to represent how an item moving with certain mass is moving. Motion is also mathematically characterised as the viewer's sense of perspective and the measurement of the shift in the body's position in relation to that frame over time.
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suppose you receive a traffic ticket for speeding and want to contest it in court. come up with two arguments, one using systematic error and the other using random error, that you could use to challenge the the speed given by either your speedometer or the radar gun.
Systematic error:
You could use systematic error to challenge the speed indicated by your speedometer or radar gun.
A systematic error is one that occurs as a result of a consistent and repeatable cause, such as a malfunctioning instrument or a calibration problem.
You could, for example, argue that the officer's radar gun was not properly calibrated, resulting in a consistently higher measurement of your speed.
Random error:
Another argument you could use to challenge the speed given by your speedometer or radar gun is that the measurement was influenced by random error.
Random error is a type of error that occurs as a result of uncontrollable factors such as wind or temperature changes.
You could, for example, argue that the wind was blowing hard on the day you received the ticket, affecting the accuracy of the radar gun's measurement.
It's important to note that these are just some of the possible arguments for fighting a traffic ticket. When determining whether an error occurred and whether it is significant enough to contest the ticket, the court will consider a number of factors.
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Vacillate the change in the. Kinetic energy KE of the bottle when the mass is increased use the formula KE=1/2 mv2 where m is the mass and v is the speed
When the mass is 0.125 kg, the kinetic energy is 1 J
When the mass is 0.250 kg, the kinetic energy is 2 J.
When the mass is 0.375 kg, the kinetic energy is 3 J.
When the mass is 0.500 kg, the kinetic energy is 4 J.
What is the kinetic energy of the bottle?
The kinetic energy of the bottle is the energy possessed by the bottle due to its mass and motion.
K.E = ¹/₂mv²
where;
m is the mass of the bottlev is the speed of the bottleWhen the mass is 0.125 kg, the kinetic energy is calculated as;
K.E = ¹/₂ x 0.125 kg x ( 4 m/s )²
K.E = 1 J
When the mass is 0.250 kg, the kinetic energy is calculated as;
K.E = ¹/₂ x 0.25 kg x ( 4 m/s )²
K.E = 2 J
When the mass is 0.375 kg, the kinetic energy is calculated as;
K.E = ¹/₂ x 0.375 kg x ( 4 m/s )²
K.E = 3 J
When the mass is 0.500 kg, the kinetic energy is calculated as;
K.E = ¹/₂ x 0.5 kg x ( 4 m/s )²
K.E = 4 J
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The density of a solid object is defined as the ratio of the mass of the object to its volume. The dimension of density isa) ([M][L]b)[M] /[L]C) [M][L] ^-3D) [L]^3 / [M]
The dimensional formula of density is calculated from the formula of density to be ρ = [M] [L]⁻³ which is option (C).
There are only seven fundamental physical quantities. We may determine the dimension of any other physical quantity using these fundamental quantities. With the help of the dimensions of mass and length, we must determine the density dimension in this situation. Volume is a measure of length. Any dimensional formula is usually written in the form of mass [M], length [L] and time [T].
If an object has mass M and volume V then the density of the object is given by,
ρ = M/V
[ρ] = [M]/[V] = [M]/[L]³ = [M] [L]⁻³
Thus, the dimensional formula of density is [M] [L]⁻³.
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What goes up must come down"-if you throw a baseball in the air, it will go upwards and then descend in a _____ curve.
Answer:
it will come down in a parabola curve
when light encounters a medium, the interference between the incident light and the light scattered by the medium leads to a wavefront that moves slower than the speed of light, c. the speed of light in the medium is given by v
The molecules and particles in a medium scatter light when it comes into contact with them, and as a result, the wavefront moves more slowly in a media than it would in a vacuum. v = c/n.
where c is the speed of light in a vacuum and n is the index of refraction of the medium, calculates the speed of light in a particular medium. The index of refraction is a measurement of how much light travels slower through a medium than it does in a vacuum. Light travels through a medium at a slower speed the higher the index of refraction. The wavefront is impacted by refraction, reflection, and other phenomena as it travels through the medium.
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a scientist describes an electrically neutral atom with a model that consists of a nucleus that is a point particle with a positive charge
According to Thomson's atomic model, an atom is made up of a positively charged sphere into which negatively charged electrons are implanted.
Define neutral atom ?
When an atom has an equal number of electrons and protons, it has an equal number of negative (the electrons) and positive electric charges (the protons). As a result, the atom's total electric charge is zero, and it is said to be neutral.Heavier atoms tend to have more neutrons than protons, but the number of electrons in an atom is always equal to the number of protons. So an atom as a whole is electrically neutral.The number of protons (positively charged) and electrons (negatively charged) are equal in an atom. Therefore the opposite charges are balanced and thus there is no net charge on the atom. Moreover, neutrons present in the atom have no charge. Hence an atom is electrically neutral.To learn more about neutral atom refers to:
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a 67-kg base runner begins his slide into second base when he is moving at a speed of 3.3 m/s. the coefficient of friction between his clothes and earth is 0.70. he slides so that his speed is zero just as he reaches the base.
The runner moves 0.80 metres before stopping at second base. To resolve this issue, we can make use of the ideas of labour and energy.
The friction force on the runner's work can be computed as follows:
W_friction = -f_friction * d, where
f_friction = friction force = μ_k * N
N = normal force = m * g
d = distance traveled by the runner
The initial kinetic energy of the runner is given by:
K_initial = (1/2) * m * v^2
The runner's final kinetic energy is zero. According to the work-energy theorem, an object's kinetic energy changes when work is done to it. As a result, the initial kinetic energy of the runner and the work produced by friction are equal:
W_friction = ΔK = K_initial
When we substitute the values, we obtain:
W_friction = - μ_k * m * g * d = (1/2) * m * v^2
μ_k * m * g * d = (1/2) * m * v
^2
d = (1/2) * v^2 / (μ_k * g)
By substituting the values, we get:
d = (1/2) * (3.3^2) / (0.7 * 9.8) = 0.80 m
As a result, the runner moves 0.80 metres before stopping at second base.
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dan koshland suggested the induced-fit mechanism for enzymes. which of the following cartoons illustrates the induced-fit hypothesis of enzyme-substrate interaction?
According to the induced fit theory by Daniel Koshland, binding of substrate to the enzyme brings a conformational change in the enzyme to either enhance or inhibit its activity.
which of the following cartoons illustrates the induced-fit hypothesis of enzyme-substrate interaction?
The induced-fit model states a substrate binds to an active site and both change shape slightly, creating an ideal fit for catalysis. Enzymes promote chemical reactions by bringing substrates together in an optimal orientation, thus creating an ideal chemical environment for the reaction to occur.The induced fit hypothesis states that while an enzyme is in the unbound state (i.e., not binding to the substrate), the active site is not structurally optimal for substrate binding.The Fischer's lock and key hypothesis and Koshland's induced fit hypothesis are two hypotheses suggested to explain catalyses and specificity of enzymes. The lock and key hypothesis us where the fit between the substrate and active site is very specific like that of a lock and key.To learn more about enzymes refers to:
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The top of the mercury thread in a mercury glass thermometer reached point X at 0 Celsius and point Z at 100 Celsius..
The top of the mercury thread in a mercury glass thermometer reached point X at 0 Celsius and point Z at 100 Celsius- Point Y.so, option (b) is correct.
What is thermometer ?
An instrument used to gauge how hot or cold something is is called a thermometer. Thermometers can be used to check your temperature or determine whether you have a fever. The definition of a thermometer, which is made up of the words thermo (heat) and meter (measuring tool), is rather simple.
What is mercury ?
A variety of industries employ mercury. It is used to make caustic soda and chlorine gas, as well as in thermometers, barometers, batteries, and electrical switches.: a heavy silver-white toxic metallic element that is liquid at normal temperatures and is utilized particularly in scientific instruments. the quicksilver symbol for the element mercury.
Therefore, top of the mercury thread in a mercury glass thermometer reached point X at 0 Celsius and point Z at 100 Celsius- Point Y.so, option (b) is correct.
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work and Tes...
Three plates may be charged positively or negatively or be
electrically neutral. In the drawing shown, plate A is attracted by
both plates B and C. What occurs if plates B and C are brought
close together?
A
↑
B
A
C
OB and C would attract one another.
OB and C would repel one another.
B and C would exert no force on each other.
There is too little information given to make a conclusion.
A racecar starting from rest acclerates uniformly at a rate of 4.9 meters per second2.What is the car's speed after it has traveled 200 meters
The speed of the car after 200 meters is v = 44.3 m/s (3 sf).
What is speed?The rate at which an object's position changes in any direction is referred to as speed. The ratio of distance travelled to travel time is used to calculate speed. Speed and Velocity both refer to how quickly something moves along a path. Speed measures how quickly something moves along a path.
In other words, velocity is a vector and speed is a scalar value. The rate at which a distance changes over time is referred to as speed. The base unit of distance plus the base unit of time are combined to form the SI unit of speed. Distance times speed metre second equals time. m/s is the SI unit for speed.
u = 0
a = 4.9
s = 200
v² = 0²+2*4.9*200
v = √(2*4.9*200)
v = √1960
v = 44.3 m/s (3 sf)
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an object placed on an equal-arm balance requires 12kg to balance it. when placed on a spring scale, the scale reads 12kg. everything (balance, scale, set of weights and object) is now transported to the moon where the free-fall acceleration is one-sixth that on earth. the new readings of the balance and spring scale (respectively) are:
The new readings of the balance and spring scale are same as that of the old readings.
equal-arm balance = 12 kg
kg spring scale = 12 kg
Using a counter mass on the balance's opposing plate, the equal arm balance calculates an object's mass. Both the mass being measured and the mass standards being compared to are equally impacted by gravity.
The tested mass and the standard masses are thus equally affected by changes in the local gravitational field. Consider the spring scale in comparison. In such range, the spring delivers a calibrated level of force regardless of the gravitational field in the immediate area. Therefore, the force indicated is higher if the local gravity is higher.
Additionally, the stated force is lower when the gravitational field is smaller. Changes in the local gravitational field have no effect on the spring's force.
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part a compare the energy of a 1-megaton hydrogen bomb to the energy released by a major earthquake.
The energy of a 1-megaton hydrogen bomb will be 5 times to the energy released by a major earthquake.
A weapon with a 1 megaton yield would be as powerful as 1 million tonnes of TNT. In terms of joules, a megaton is equal to 4.18 1015. A 1-megaton hydrogen bomb will have a 5 times greater energy output than a large earthquake. An earthquake emits energy at a variety of frequencies, so all of the shaking frequencies during the entire event must be taken into account in order to get an appropriate figure. The observed amplitude increases tenfold with each whole number rise in size, while the energy released is 32 times greater.
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an object in a fluid experiences a buoyant force from the fluid. if the object is completely immersed, which of the following does the magnitude of this force depend on? select all that apply.
The fluid exerts a buoyant pull on an object when it is submerged in it. if the item is fully submerged. The amount of buoyancy an object experiences depends on both the fluid's density and objects volume. Hence, option B is correct.
As the density of the fluid grows, the buoyant force becomes stronger. Similar to this, as an object's volume increases, so does the buoyant force. The buoyant force's strength can also be influenced by the air pressure, which can alter how much force an item perceives to be exerted at its greatest intensity. The buoyant force will have a greater impact on the object the deeper it is buried in the fluid. As a result, if the object is completely submerged, the buoyant force's strength will depend on the object's volume and the density of the fluid.
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The complete question is:
A fluid exerts a buoyant force on an object when it is submerged in it. Which of the following determines how strong this force will be if the object is fully submerged? select all that apply.
A) The body's mass, fluid density
B) Density of the fluid and body volume
C) The body's weight
D) Shape of the body
calculate the second and third viraial coefficients( b and c) for a gas obeying the van der waals equation
The van der Waals equation is a modified version of the ideal gas equation that accounts for the finite size of gas molecules and the attractive forces between them. The equation is given by:
[tex](P+a/V^{2})(V-b) = RT[/tex]
The virial coefficients (b and c) are used to describe the behaviour of a gas in terms of the interactions between its molecules.
To calculate the second virial coefficient (b), we can integrate the van der Waals equation over the volume:
[tex]b = (\frac{2\pi }{3})^{2} *a^{\frac{3}{2} } m(-\frac{1}{2} )[/tex]
Where m is the molar mass of the gas.
To calculate the third virial coefficient (c), we need more information, such as the polarizability of the gas molecules and the interactions between them.
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a rocket is to be launched from deep space where there is no gravitational field. 81% of the initial mass of the rocket is fuel and this fuel is injected with a relative velocity of 2300 m/s.
The rocket's initial upthrust when it first starts traveling upwards is 2300 N.
What is force?A force is an effect in physics that may modify the velocity of an item. A force can cause a mass item to change its velocity, or accelerate. Intuitively, force may be characterized as a push or a pull. A force is a vector quantity since it has both magnitude and direction. The term "force" has a specific meaning in science. At this level, it is quite acceptable to refer to a force as a push or a pull. A force is not something that an item possesses or possesses. Another item applies a force to another. The concept of a force is not restricted to living or nonliving entities.
Here,
It ejects fuel vapours at the rate of 1 kg/sec. this fuel is injected with a relative velocity of 2300 m/s.
F=dm/dt*v
=1*2300
=2300 N
The initial upthrust on the rocket when it just starts moving upwards is 2300 N.
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the 50-kg passenger in a car moving at 10 m/s crashes into a tree and stops in 0.2 seconds. the average force exerted on the passenger to bring her to a stop is
The average force exerted on the passenger to bring her to a stop is 2500 Newton.
To calculate the average force exerted on the passenger, we can use the equation: force = mass x acceleration. The acceleration in this case is the deceleration experienced by the passenger, which can be calculated by dividing the change in velocity by the change in time.
In this case, the passenger's velocity changes from 10 m/s to 0 m/s in 0.2 seconds, so the deceleration is:
deceleration = (change in velocity) / (change in time)
deceleration = (0 m/s - 10 m/s) / 0.2 seconds
deceleration = -50 m/s²
Note that the negative sign indicates that the acceleration is in the opposite direction of the velocity. In this case, the passenger's velocity is initially positive (moving forward), but the deceleration is negative, indicating that the force is acting in the opposite direction, slowing the passenger down.
Therefore, the force exerted on the passenger is:
force = mass x acceleration
force = 50 x -50 = 2500 N.
force = 2500 Newton
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An optical fibre consists of a fused quartz core surrounded by cladding with a refractive index of 1.35. Considering the fused quartz’s refractive index to be 1.55, calculate the numerical aperture of the fibre.
Since the refractive index of the core is higher than that of the cladding, light in the core striking the cladding boundary at an angle steeper than the critical angle is reflected back into the core by total internal reflection.
What is refractive index?The numerical aperture (n12 - n22 = NA2) can be provided to find the refractive index of the cladding. The formula for determining the number of reflections in an optical fiber is: Number of reflections =lx=l3d= 2203106=57735 57000.Due to the helical nature of the optical path, this type of optical fiber works only if the wavelength is significantly smaller than the core radius. This means that the core of a step-index fiber has a constant refractive index.Since the refractive index of the core is higher than that of the cladding, light in the core striking the cladding boundary at an angle steeper than the critical angle is reflected back into the core by total internal reflection.to learn more about refractive index from the given link:
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the diagrams below show different objects of equal masses that are acted on by one or more forces. in the diagrams below, each force vector labeled f has the same magnitude.
Which of the four objects shown has a net zero force acting on it?
a. (i)
b. (ii)
c. (iii)
d. (iv)
The figure (i) (attached below) will have net zero force acting on it.
In the given figure forces of equal magnitudes are acting on it but in opposite directions. So, the cancel out to zero .
The push or pull on an object with mass causes it to change its velocity is called force.Force is defined as an external cause that changes or tends to change the state of the body once applied. If the body is in motion, it comes to rest, and if at rest, then it will come to motion. It can also cause a change in the direction, shape, size, etc., of the body. A force is an external agent that may change the condition of rest or motion of a body. It has a magnitude as well as a direction. The direction of the force is the place where force is applied, and the application of force is the location where force is applied.The vector product of mass (m) and acceleration (a) expresses the quantity of force. The equation or the formula for force may mathematically be stated in the form of :F=ma
Where, m= mass,
a= rate of acceleration
The force applied on an object is measured in terms of Newton and dyne. Force is measured in dyne in the centimetre gram second system of unit (CGS unit). It is represented in Newton (N) in the standard international system of units (SI unit).To know more about force visit:
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) find the amplitude, period, and horizontal shift. (assume the absolute value of the horizontal shift is less than the period.)
By applying trigonometry function graph theory, it can be concluded that the amplitude is 2, the period is π, the horizontal shift is 0, and the equation that represents the graph is y = 2 cos (2x)
A trigonometry function is a function whose graph repeats continuously over a certain period. The trigonometry function graph consists of hills and valleys that repeat continuously over a certain period.
There are some terms regarding a trigonometry function graph:
Amplitude is the farthest deviation of a point on a trigonometric function graph from its horizontal line (eg the x-axis).Period is the distance the trigonometric function graph repeats from the initial reference point to the first repetition point.Horizontal shift is a shift to the left or right of the sin graph so that it is the same as the cosine graph and vice versa.Now we look at our trigonometric function graph.
Since the farthest deviation of the graph is in points (0,2), (π/2,-2), and (π,2), thus the amplitude of the graph is 2. We denote it as a = 2.
The graph repeats from the initial reference point to the first repetition point after π, thus the period of the graph is π.
The value of k can be obtained from this:
2π/k = period
k = 2π/period
= 2π/π
= 2
The horizontal shift is 0, which means there's no shifting on the cosine graph.
Now we input the value of a, k and b into the equation:
y = a cos (k (x - b))
= 2 cos (2 (x - 0))
= 2 cos (2x)
Thus the amplitude is 2, the period is π, the horizontal shift is 0, and the equation that represents the graph is y = 2 cos (2x)
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