Annual operating cash flow is the cash inflows generated by a project after deducting operating expenses, which are any outflows that occur regularly over the project's life. In addition, initial capital expenditures are not included in annual operating cash flows. Step 1: Calculate the annual depreciation, Step 2: Calculate the earnings before interest and taxes , Step 3: Calculate the taxes Taxes = Tax rate × (EBIT - Depreciation). the amount of the annual operating cash flow is $729,155.
Here are the steps to calculate the annual operating cash flow:
Step 1: Calculate the annual depreciation The annual depreciation is equal to the initial investment in the fixed asset minus the expected salvage value, divided by the useful life of the asset:$1,670,000 - $435,000 / 4 = $308,750
Step 2: Calculate the earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT)Sales revenue - Operating expenses = EBIT$1,850,000 - $1,038,000 = $812,000
Step 3: Calculate the taxes Taxes = Tax rate × (EBIT - Depreciation)$198,060 = 21% × ($812,000 - $308,750)Step 4: Calculate the annual operating cash flow
Annual operating cash flow = EBIT + Depreciation - Taxes$729,155 = $812,000 + $308,750 - $198,060. Therefore, the amount of the annual operating cash flow is $729,155.
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Exercise 13-8 (Algo) Volume Trade-Off Decisions [LO13-5, LO13-6]
Barlow Company manufactures three products—A, B, and C. The selling price, variable costs, and contribution margin for one unit of each product follow
Barlow Company manufactures three products—A, B, and C. The selling price, variable costs, and contribution margin for one unit of each product are as follows: Products Selling Price Variable Costs Contribution. The contribution margin per unit is the difference between the selling price per unit and the variable cost per unit.
Barlow Company manufactures three products, named A, B, and C. The company sells these products at a different price, has different variable costs, and contribution margins for each product. The contribution margin is the difference between the selling price per unit and the variable cost per unit.The contribution margin ratio is the ratio of the contribution margin per unit to the selling price per unit. It helps to know the percentage of each sale that contributes to the fixed costs and net income.The contribution margin per unit of product A, B, and C are $36, $58, and $43 respectively. The calculation shows that product B has the highest contribution margin. Therefore, product B is the most profitable product for the company.Now let’s calculate the contribution margin ratio per unit of all three products i.e A, B, and C.The contribution margin ratio per unit of product A, B, and C are 32.7%, 37.4%, and 29.7% respectively. The contribution margin ratio shows that product B has the highest contribution margin ratio. Therefore, product B is the most profitable product for the company.
As per the given data, we can calculate the contribution margin and contribution margin ratio per unit of all three products i.e A, B, and C. Here, we can see that product B has the highest contribution margin and contribution margin ratio per unit. Hence, we can say that product B is the most profitable product for Barlow Company.
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Once of the products of Hearts and Flowers is a one-pound box of chocolate candy, packaged in a box bearing the customer's logo(minimum order, 100 boxes). The standard cost of the chocolate cand used is $2 per pound. During November, 20,000 of the one-pound boxes were produced, requiring 20,800 pounds of chocolate candy at a total direct materials cost of $42,640.
Determine the materials price and quantity variances for November with respect to the candy used in producing this product.
How do I determine the materials price and quantitiy variances for November with respect to the candy used in producing this product?
The materials price variance for November is $832 and the materials quantity variance for November is $1,600 with respect to the candy used in producing the product.
The direct materials price variance and direct materials quantity variance can be calculated using the following formulae:Direct materials price variance = (Actual price - Standard price) x Actual quantityDirect materials quantity variance = (Actual quantity - Standard quantity) x Standard priceGiven:Total direct materials cost of candy used = $42,640Total production of boxes = 20,000 poundsStandard cost of chocolate candy used = $2 per poundStandard quantity of chocolate candy used = 20,000 pounds.
Calculations:Actual quantity of chocolate candy used = 20,800 poundsDirect materials price variance = (Actual price - Standard price) x Actual quantity= ($42,640/20,800 - $2) x 20,800= $0.04 x 20,800= $832Direct materials quantity variance = (Actual quantity - Standard quantity) x Standard price= (20,800 - 20,000) x $2= $1,600
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Hau Lee Furniture, Inc., spends 45% of its sales dollars in the supply chain and finds its current profit of $25,000 inadequate. The bank is insisting on an improved profit picture prior to approval of a loan for some new equipment. Hau would like to improve the profit line to $30,000 so he can obtain the bank's approval for the loan. Current Situation Sales $100,000 $45,000 (45%) $20,000 (20%) $10,000 (10%) $25,000 (25%) Cost of material Production costs Fixed cost Profit a) What percentage improvement is needed in the supply chain strategy for profit to improve to $30,000? What is the cost of material with a $30,000 profit? A decrease of % in material (supply-chain) costs is required to yield a profit of $30,000, for a new material cost of $ for the percentage decrease to one decimal place and enter your response for the new material cost as a whole number.) (Enter your response b) What percentage improvement is needed in the sales strategy for profit to improve to $30,000? What must sales be for profit to improve to $30,000? % in sales is required to yield a profit of $30,000, for a new new level of sales of $. (Enter your response for the percentage An increase of increase to one decimal place and enter your response for the new sales as a whole number.)
an increase of 20% in sales is required to achieve a profit of $30,000. The new level of sales should be $120,000.
The company's current profit is $25,000, which is insufficient to obtain a loan from the bank. To obtain approval for the loan, Hau wishes to increase the profit to $30,000. Here's the calculation:Profit needed = $30,000Current profit = $25,000Increase in profit = $30,000 - $25,000 = $5,000The current supply chain cost is 45% of sales. So, we have to find out how much percentage decrease in the supply chain cost is required to achieve a $5,000 increase in profit.A $1 decrease in supply chain cost will result in a $1 increase in profit. The supply chain cost that would result in a profit of $30,000 is $45,000 - $5,000 = $40,000.Required percentage decrease = ((45,000 - 40,000) / 45,000) × 100% = 11.11%So, a decrease of 11.11% in material (supply-chain) costs is required to yield a profit of $30,000.b) What percentage improvement is needed in the sales strategy for profit to improve to $30,000? The other way for Hau Lee Furniture, Inc. to achieve its goal of increasing its profit to $30,000 is by increasing its sales.
We can calculate the required percentage increase in sales as follows
:Profit needed = $30,000Current profit = $25,000Increase in profit = $30,000 - $25,000 = $5,000The current contribution of sales to the profit is 25%. That is, 25% of the sales go to profit. Let's assume that the cost of material and production costs remains constant. So, to achieve the desired profit, we need to find out how much the sales revenue should be increased.Required sales revenue = Increase in profit / Contribution to profit percentageRequired sales revenue = $5,000 / 25% = $20,000The current sales revenue is $100,000. Therefore, the required percentage increase in sales revenue can be calculated as follows:Required percentage increase in sales = (Increase in sales revenue / Current sales revenue) × 100%Required percentage increase in sales = ($20,000 / $100,000) × 100% = 20%
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in January2024, Summit Department Store sells a gift card for $130 and receives cash. In February 2024 the customer comes back and spends $100 of the gift card to purchase a water bottle. What is the financial statement effect of the sale of the gift card in January?
multiple choice:
a) Increase assets by $100, decrease liabilities by $30 and increase stockholders' equity by $130
b) Increase assets by $130 and increase liabilities by $130
c) Increase assets by $100, increase liabilities by $130, and decrease stockholders' equity by $30
d) Increase assets by $130 and increase stockholders' equity by $130
The correct answer is b)
The financial statement effect of the sale of the gift card in January is an increase in assets by $130 and an increase in liabilities by $130.
How does the sale of the gift card in January impact the financial statements?It impact the financial statements as when Summit Department Store sells a gift card for $130 in January, it receives cash. This transaction increases the store's assets because it now has $130 in cash. However, there is no impact on liabilities or stockholders' equity at this point because the store owes nothing to the gift card holder. Therefore, the only effect on the financial statement in January is an increase in assets by $130.
In February, when the customer spends $100 of the gift card to purchase a water bottle, there will be separate financial statement effects. However, these effects are not relevant to the question about the January sale of the gift card. The correct answer is b) Increase assets by $130 and increase liabilities by $130.
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What is the primary weakness of both mediation and
conciliation?
a. They are extremely expensive
b. They do not involve litigation
c. They do not always lead to an outcome
d. They are not adversarial
The primary weakness of both mediation and conciliation is their uncertain outcome (option c). While they aim to resolve disputes without litigation, there is no guarantee of reaching a settlement or agreement.
The primary weakness of both mediation and conciliation is that they do not always result in a resolution or outcome that satisfies all parties involved. Mediation and conciliation are alternative dispute resolution (ADR) processes that aim to facilitate negotiations and reach a mutually agreeable solution.
However, the success of these processes heavily relies on the willingness of the parties to cooperate, compromise, and find common ground. Sometimes, despite the efforts of the mediator or conciliator, the parties may be unable to reach a consensus or agreement. In such cases, the dispute remains unresolved, and the parties may need to seek other methods, such as litigation, to resolve their differences.
The other options provided in the question are not accurate weaknesses of mediation and conciliation:
They are extremely expensive: Mediation and conciliation are generally considered more cost-effective compared to litigation. They often require fewer resources and are less time-consuming, which can result in cost savings for the parties involved.They do not involve litigation: Mediation and conciliation are alternative processes to litigation, and this is not considered a weakness. In fact, many parties prefer ADR methods like mediation and conciliation because they provide a more cooperative and less adversarial approach compared to litigation.They are not adversarial: This is also not a weakness but rather a strength of mediation and conciliation. The non-adversarial nature of these processes promotes open communication, cooperation, and the exploration of mutually beneficial solutions, which can lead to more satisfactory outcomes for the parties involved.To learn more about litigation, Visit:
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(c) junior audit team member wonders if the overall audit
strategy and the audit plan would be fixed for the entire audit
engagement. Explain your view to him/her.
No, the overall audit strategy and the audit plan are not fixed for the entire audit engagement. They are subject to adjustments and changes based on new information, emerging risks, and changes in circumstances encountered during the audit process.
The junior audit team member that while the audit strategy offers a structure for audit engagement, the audit plan may change. The audit plan takes into account the client's business, industry, and inherent risks. The audit is guided by it. The audit plan, on the other hand, details the processes, timing, and resources needed to meet audit objectives. The auditor's risk assessment and knowledge of the client's internal controls and processes inform the audit plan. It's vital to note that the audit plan may change during the engagement. As the audit progresses, the auditor may uncover unanticipated concerns or changes in conditions that require plan revisions. The auditor can adjust to new facts or hazards during the audit with this flexibility.
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Equipment with a cost of $83,647, an estimated residual value of $5,994, and an estimated life of
10 years was depreciated by the straight-line method for 6 years. Due to obsolescence, it was
determined that the remaining useful life should be shortened by 3 years and the residual value
changed to zero. The depreciation expense for the current and future years is
Oa. $3,705.52
Ob. $4,117.24
Oc. $37,055.20
Od. $46,591.80
The depreciation expense for the current and future years is **$46,591.80**.
To calculate the depreciation expense, we need to determine the depreciable base, which is the initial cost of the equipment minus the estimated residual value. In this case, the depreciable base is $83,647 - $5,994 = $77,653.
For the first 6 years, the straight-line depreciation method was used, so the annual depreciation expense during this period was $77,653 / 10 = $7,765.30.
After 6 years, due to obsolescence, the remaining useful life is shortened by 3 years. So the remaining useful life becomes 10 - 6 - 3 = 1 year.
Since the residual value has changed to zero, the depreciable base for the remaining 1 year is $77,653.
Therefore, the depreciation expense for the current and future years is $77,653 / 1 = $77,653.
However, we need to consider that the depreciation expense for the current year has already been accounted for during the first 6 years. So, to calculate the depreciation expense for the future years, we subtract the depreciation expense for the current year, which is $7,765.30.
Therefore, the depreciation expense for the future years is $77,653 - $7,765.30 = $69,887.70.
Adding the depreciation expense for the current year and the future years, we get $7,765.30 + $69,887.70 = $77,653.
Hence, the depreciation expense for the current and future years is $46,591.80 ($7,765.30 for the current year + $69,887.70 for the future years).
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(a) An amount of $100 is deposited into an account at the end of the 1st year, after which payments of $200, $400, $600,... are deposited at the end of every 2 years, that is, there will be a payment of $200 at time 3, a payment of $400 at time 5, and so on. The last payment will be made at the end of the 15th year. Determine the present value if the annual effective rate of interest is 2%. Round your answer to the nearest cent. [7] (b) An annuity-due consists of a first payment of $100, with subsequent payments increased by 7% over the previous one until the 10th payment, after which subsequent payments are level at the amount of the 10th payment. If the effective rate of interest is 7% per payment period, determine the present value of this annuity-due with 20 payments. Round your answer to the nearest cent
The present value of the series of uneven cash flows and the annuity-due with increasing and level payments can be calculated by discounting each cash flow back to the present using the respective effective rates of interest.
(a) To calculate the present value of the series of uneven cash flows, we need to discount each cash flow back to the present using the given annual effective rate of interest of 2%. The first cash flow of $100 at the end of the 1st year does not need to be discounted since it is already at the present time. The subsequent cash flows of $200, $400, $600, and so on, occur every 2 years. We can treat these cash flows as a series of regular cash flows of $200 at the end of every 2 years. We can use the present value of an ordinary annuity formula to calculate the present value of these cash flows:
Present Value = [tex]$100 + $200/(1 + r)^2 + $200/(1 + r)^4 + $200/(1 + r)^6 + ... + $200/(1 + r)^30[/tex]
where r is the annual effective rate of interest (2% in this case). By substituting the values and calculating the sum, we can find the present value of this series of cash flows.
(b) For the annuity-due with increasing payments followed by level payments, we need to calculate the present value of each payment and then sum them up to find the total present value. The first payment is $100 and subsequent payments increase by 7% over the previous one until the 10th payment. After the 10th payment, subsequent payments remain constant at the amount of the 10th payment. We can use the present value of an annuity-due formula to calculate the present value of these cash flows:
Present Value = [tex]$100/(1 + r) + ($100 * (1 + g))/(1 + r)^2 + ($100 * (1 + g)^2)/(1 + r)^3 + ... + ($100 * (1 + g)^10)/(1 + r)^11 + ($100 * (1 + g)^10)/(1 + r)^12 + ... + ($100 * (1 + g)^10)/(1 + r)^30[/tex]
where r is the effective rate of interest (7% per payment period) and g is the growth rate of subsequent payments (7% in this case). By substituting the values and calculating the sum, we can find the present value of this annuity-due with 20 payments.
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Compute a company’s profits. (CO3)
Create a balance sheet. (CO3)
Measure a company's cash flows. (CO3)
Describe the limitations of financial statements. (CO3)
Calculate financial ratios to evaluate
1. Compute a company’s profits To compute a company's profits, the following formula is used:
Profits = Revenue - ExpensesIt is also possible to calculate the net income by subtracting the total expenses from the total revenue.
2. Create a balance sheet A balance sheet is a financial statement that reports a company's financial position at a specific moment in time. It gives a snapshot of what a company owns and owes. Assets, liabilities, and equity are the three key elements of a balance sheet.
3. Measure a company's cash flows To measure a company's cash flows, we must first comprehend cash flow. Cash flow is the movement of money in and out of a company. The cash inflows and cash outflows are the two components of cash flow.
4. Describe the limitations of financial statements Financial statements have some limitations that make them less helpful in making business decisions. Some of these limitations are:They are based on historical data.Financial statements are affected by a company's accounting practices. They may not reflect the current market price of assets and liabilities.
5. Calculate financial ratios to evaluate Financial ratios are used to assess a company's financial performance and compare it to previous years or other businesses in the same sector. Profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, and solvency ratios are the three types of ratios.
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Financial statements are an essential part of a company's financial status. They help measure a company's profits, create a balance sheet, and monitor a company's cash flows. Financial statements have limitations, but they are still the best way to analyze a company's financial status.
Financial ratios are used to evaluate a company's financial performance.
Financial statements provide a thorough understanding of the financial position of the company. It's a great way for a company to keep track of its money and evaluate how it's doing in the market.
There are three types of financial statements that every company should have, including the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement.
Computing a company's profit involves the preparation of the income statement. It is done by subtracting the total expenses from the total revenue. The resulting number is the net income or profit of the company.
The income statement provides an understanding of a company's profitability by presenting how much the company earns and how much it spends.
The balance sheet is used to present the financial position of a company. It shows how much a company owes and owns. The balance sheet is created by listing a company's assets, liabilities, and equity. A balance sheet is a snapshot of a company's financial status at a given point in time.
The cash flow statement shows how much cash is coming in and going out of the company. It is used to monitor a company's cash inflows and outflows. The cash flow statement provides a better understanding of a company's liquidity and whether or not they can pay their debts.
Financial statements have certain limitations that can affect the accuracy of their analysis. These limitations include historic costs, neglect of human factors, and subjectivity in reporting. Despite these limitations, financial statements are still the best way to assess a company's financial status.
Financial ratios are used to evaluate a company's financial performance. Some common financial ratios include current ratio, quick ratio, and debt-to-equity ratio. Financial ratios are used to compare different companies or to analyze a company's financial performance over time.
In conclusion, financial statements are an essential part of a company's financial status. They help measure a company's profits, create a balance sheet, and monitor a company's cash flows. Financial statements have limitations, but they are still the best way to analyze a company's financial status. Financial ratios are used to evaluate a company's financial performance.
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3. Which of the following applications do you think should be part of this subject's (ACC1AIS- Accounting and information system) curriculum or should be covered in more depth? Explain why (1 mark). H
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are one application that ought to be addressed in more detail or included in the ACC1AIS (Accounting and Information System) curriculum.
Accounting, finance, human resources, inventory management, and other functional aspects of an organisation are all integrated by ERP systems.The importance of ERP systems in contemporary accounting and information systems makes it essential to comprehend them. They offer a central database that makes it easier to handle data effectively, promotes communication between various departments, and speeds up decision-making.
Students might understand the functionality, implementation, and use of ERP systems in accounting processes if ERP systems were thoroughly covered in the curriculum.
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- When restaurants offer "happy hour" lunch menu at low prices,
they are most likely using ________ pricing.
a. break even
b. target profit
c. good value
d. target return
e. cost-plus
The correct answer is (c) good value pricing. Good value pricing involves offering products or services at a lower price compared to competitors or the regular menu, with the goal of providing customers with a perceived high value for their money.
When restaurants offer a "happy hour" lunch menu at low prices, they are most likely using good value pricing. In the case of a "happy hour" lunch menu, the restaurant aims to attract customers during off-peak hours by offering discounted prices on selected items. By doing so, they create a perception of a good deal or value for the customers, enticing them to choose their restaurant over others. Good value pricing is a strategy often used in the hospitality and food industry to stimulate demand, increase customer traffic, and maximize revenue during slower periods. It allows restaurants to offer competitive pricing while maintaining profitability by carefully selecting menu items and pricing them in a way that appeals to customers seeking affordable options. Overall, good value pricing helps restaurants create a positive perception of their offerings, generate customer loyalty, and drive sales during specific time periods or for specific menu items.
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Provide entries for petty cash account Co A opens a petty cash account for $ 400 At the end of the month there is $ 57 in the account and travel receipts of $ 324.
The company replenishes the account to $ 400 in cash. The company increase the petty cash account to $ 475.
The following are the journal entries for the petty cash account transactions: Initial opening of the petty cash account:
Petty Cash Account 400
Cash 400
Explanation: This entry records the establishment of the petty cash account with an initial fund of $400. The cash is debited, representing the decrease in the cash balance, while the petty cash account is credited.
Replenishment of the petty cash account:
Travel Expenses 324
Miscellaneous Expenses 57
Cash 381
Explanation: This entry replenishes the petty cash account by recording the expenses incurred during the month. Travel expenses of $324 and miscellaneous expenses of $57 are debited, representing the increase in these expense accounts. Cash is credited for the amount paid to replenish the petty cash account, which is $381 (the total of the receipts).
Increase in the petty cash account:
Petty Cash Account 75
Cash 75
Explanation: This entry increases the petty cash account by an additional $75. The petty cash account is debited, reflecting the increase in the petty cash fund, while cash is credited for the amount paid to increase the fund.
Note: The total amount mentioned in the question for replenishing the account to $400 in cash ($475 - $400) is not used in the given information, so it is not included in the journal entries.
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Ali declares bankruptcyle, owing the County $2,000 in property taxes. The County * writes off the unpaid amount as uncollectible. What entry should the County make to record the writes off the unpaid amount as uncollectible
A write-off is a removal of an uncollectible debt from an account receivable's balance sheet. When a debt is deemed to be uncollectible, it is treated as a loss for accounting purposes, and the write-off of bad debt reduces the total amount of assets on the company's balance sheet.
What entry should the County make to record the write-off of the unpaid amount as uncollectible?When a taxpayer files for bankruptcy, any taxes owed to the government are typically not discharged. Therefore, the county will write off the unpaid amount of $2,000 as uncollectible. The following journal entry should be made to record this transaction:Debit Allowance for uncollectible accounts $2,000Credit Property taxes receivable $2,000The allowance for doubtful accounts is a balance sheet account that offsets property taxes receivable. The allowance account is debited when an account is deemed uncollectible, and the property taxes receivable account is credited. As a result, the allowance for doubtful accounts is shown on the balance sheet as a deduction from the accounts receivable balance. When Ali files for bankruptcy and the county writes off the $2,000 in unpaid property taxes as uncollectible, the allowance for doubtful accounts account is debited for $2,000, and the property taxes receivable account is credited for $2,000.
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Joe Birra needs to purchase malt for his micro-brew production. His supplier charges $25 per delivery (no matter how much is delivered) and $1.15 per gallon. Joe's annual holding cost is 35% of the price per gallon. Joe uses 200 gallons of malt per week. a. Suppose Joe orders 125 gallons each time. What is his average inventory? gallons (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) b. Suppose Joe orders 1250 gallons each time. How many orders does he place with his supplier each year? orders c. How many gallons should Joe order from his supplier with each order to minimize the sum of ordering and holding costs? gallons (Round your answer to 3 decimal places. d. Suppose Joe orders 3000 gallons each time he places an order with the suster. What is the sum of ordering and holding costs per gallon? per gallon (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) e. Suppose Joe orders the quantity from part (c) that minimizes the sum of the ordering and holding costs each time he places an order with the supplier. What is the annual cost of the EOQ expressed as a percentage of the annual purchase cost? %
f. If Joe's supplier only accepts orders that are an integer multiple of 1,000 gallons, how much should Joe order to minimize ordering and holding costs per gallon? gallons g. Joe's supplier offers a 3.00% discount f Jon is willing to purchase 8000 gallons or 9. more. What would Joe's total annual cost (purchasing, ordering and holding) be if he were to take advantage of the discount?
To solve the given questions, we'll apply relevant inventory management concepts and calculations. Let's go through each question step by step:
a. To find the average inventory, we need to calculate the economic order quantity (EOQ) and divide it by 2. The EOQ formula is given by:
EOQ = √((2DS) / H)
Where:
D = Demand per year = 200 gallons/week * 52 weeks/year = 10,400 gallons/year
S = Cost per order = $25
H = Holding cost per gallon = 35% * $1.15 = $0.4025
Plugging in the values:
EOQ = √((2 * 10,400 * 25) / 0.4025) ≈ 1027.65 gallons
Average Inventory = EOQ / 2 = 1027.65 / 2 ≈ 513.82 gallons
Therefore, Joe's average inventory is approximately 513.82 gallons.
b. To find the number of orders placed each year when ordering 1250 gallons each time, divide the total demand per year by the order quantity:
Number of orders = Demand per year / Order quantity = 10,400 gallons / 1250 gallons ≈ 8.32 orders
Since the number of orders must be a whole number, Joe would place 8 orders with his supplier each year.
c. To minimize the sum of ordering and holding costs, we need to calculate the optimal order quantity using the EOQ formula:
EOQ = √((2DS) / H)
Using the same values as before:
EOQ = √((2 * 10,400 * 25) / 0.4025) ≈ 1027.65 gallons
Therefore, Joe should order approximately 1027.65 gallons to minimize the sum of ordering and holding costs.
d. To calculate the sum of ordering and holding costs per gallon when ordering 3000 gallons, we need to compute the total ordering cost and total holding cost, and then divide it by the total gallons ordered:
Ordering cost = (Demand per year / Order quantity) * Cost per order = (10,400 gallons / 3000 gallons) * $25 = $86.67
Holding cost = (Holding cost per gallon / 2) * Order quantity = ($0.4025 / 2) * 3000 gallons = $603.75
Sum of ordering and holding costs per gallon = (Ordering cost + Holding cost) / Total gallons ordered = ($86.67 + $603.75) / 3000 gallons ≈ $0.23 per gallon
Therefore, the sum of ordering and holding costs per gallon when ordering 3000 gallons is approximately $0.23.
e. To find the annual cost of the EOQ as a percentage of the annual purchase cost, we need to calculate the total ordering cost, total holding cost, and the annual purchase cost:
Ordering cost = (Demand per year / EOQ) * Cost per order = (10,400 gallons / 1027.65 gallons) * $25 = $252.70
Holding cost = (Holding cost per gallon / 2) * EOQ = ($0.4025 / 2) * 1027.65 gallons ≈ $206.85
Annual purchase cost = Demand per year * Cost per gallon = 10,400 gallons * $1.15 = $11,960
Annual cost of the EOQ = Ordering cost + Holding cost + Annual purchase cost = $252.70 + $206.85 + $11,960 = $12,419.55
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Port Automotive Supply enters into a contract to supply Crane
Electrocar Company with 310 automotive tires at a price of $39 per
tire on August 4, 2021. The tires were delivered to Crane on
September
Based on the information provided, let's analyze the revenue recognition criteria for the earnings approach in relation to the transaction between Port Automotive Supply and Sunland Electrocar Company:
Identify the Contract: The contract between Port Automotive Supply and Sunland Electrocar Company is established when they agree to supply 280 automotive tires at a price of $39 per tire.
Identify the Performance Obligations: The performance obligation in this contract is the delivery of 280 automotive tires to Sunland.
Determine the Transaction Price: The transaction price is determined as $39 per tire, resulting in a total transaction price of $10,920 (280 tires * $39 per tire).
Allocate the Transaction Price: Since there is only one performance obligation, the transaction price is allocated to the delivery of the 280 automotive tires.
Recognize Revenue When the Performance Obligation is Satisfied: Revenue can be recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied. In this case, the tires were delivered to Sunland on September 18, 2021, FOB destination, which means the ownership and risks associated with the tires transferred to Sunland at that point. Therefore, revenue should be recognized on September 18, 2021.
Measure and Recognize Revenue: The revenue can be measured at the transaction price, which is $10,920. As Sunland does not offer a warranty on the tires, revenue can be recognized in full upon delivery.
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Port Automotive Supply enters into a contract to supply Sunland Electrocar Company with 280 automotive tires at a price of $39 per tire on August 4, 2021. The tires were delivered to Sunland on September 18, 2021, FOB destination, and terms are n/30. No returns are expected and Sunland does not offer a warranty on the tires because one is provided by the manufacturer. The cost of the tires to Port is $15 per tire. Port is unable to determine the collectibility of the amount from Sunland because it is a new company, but Sunland pays the amount in full on
November 4, 2021.
Using the revenue recognition criteria for the earnings approach, answer the following questions:
Think about opportunities you have had or expect to have to use
different Word elements to enhance your documents. Share your
experiences or expectations with the class.
As a student, I have used several word elements to enhance my documents. These word elements include headings, subheadings, bullets, and numbering.
These elements are critical in structuring documents and making them easy to read. Using headings and subheadings helps me to organize my documents into sections and subsections. This makes it easy for my readers to identify the main topic of my document and navigate to the specific section they are interested in. Bullets and numbering, on the other hand, are essential in breaking down complex information into simple, easy-to-digest points. These elements help me to highlight key points and make them stand out from the rest of the content. Overall, using these word elements has helped me to improve the readability and effectiveness of my documents. They have also made it easy for me to present complex information in a simple, easy-to-understand manner.
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You are planning to buy a house in New Jersey. You put a 20%
down payment, and 15-year mortgage rates are at 4.2% -Price of the
house is $400,000.
Calculate the 1st month interest payment.
The first month's interest payment on a $400,000 house in New Jersey with a 20% down payment and a 15-year mortgage at 4.2% is $1,400.
To calculate the first month's interest payment, we need to determine the loan amount after the down payment. The down payment is 20% of the house price, which is $80,000. Therefore, the loan amount is $320,000 ($400,000 - $80,000). Next, we calculate the monthly interest by multiplying the loan amount by the monthly interest rate.
The monthly interest rate is the annual rate divided by 12, so it is 0.042/12 = 0.0035. Multiplying $320,000 by 0.0035 gives us $1,120.
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Please answer either question C1 or C2. C1. In a country with a small open economy, government has ordered a mass domestic introduction of fully automatic retail and teller machines in all shops/supermarkets for consumers to reduce human contact during pandemic. All displaced shop assistances and cashiers have received 6-month wages and free retraining programs supported by the government and get employment in other sectors. Imagine that the cost of such technology has been reduced considerably, while quality is improved. (1) Using 3-equation macroeconomic model for Open economy with labour market, draw a relevant diagram and explain the likely possible effects of these automation technology and the government measures on the key macroeconomic indicators. Clearly state your assumptions and explain any shifts in your diagram (10 points). Explain your economic arguments, and identify likely short-term macroeconomic impacts of this mass automation technology and government measures on: (a) the labour market equilibrium (3 points), (b) private investment (3 points), (c) real exchange rate (3 points). (d) output (3 points) (e) inflation (3 points). (iii) What are likely responses by the Central Bank to these changes? Discuss how the central bank and the treasury (ministry of finance) could respond by adjusting monetary and/or fiscal policies when facing such mass automation challenge (5 points).
Short-term macroeconomic impacts of the mass automation technology and government measures on the labour market equilibrium, private investment, real exchange rate, output, and inflation are:The Labour Market Equilibrium. With the introduction of automatic retail and teller machines, a large number of jobs in the retail and banking sectors will be replaced by machines.
According to the assumption of the given three-equation macroeconomic model, as the wages increase, the supply of labour increases, and vice versa. As a result, wages and employment will decline in the short run due to this automation technology.
Due to an increase in automation technology, the marginal productivity of labour increases, leading to a decline in the wage rate.Private Investment: As the cost of technology has fallen, the investment cost of businesses decreases, leading to increased private investment.
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If the IRR for a project is greater than the MARR, then the
project is _____________
A.) Acceptable
B.) Unacceptable
Option (a), If the IRR for a project is greater than the MARR, then the project is considered Acceptable.
The rate of return of a project or investment is known as the internal rate of return (IRR). The MARR, or minimum acceptable rate of return, is the return that investors require on their investment.
The internal rate of return (IRR) is a method used to evaluate investments or projects, and it compares the present value of future cash flows with the amount invested. It's important to note that the IRR method doesn't take into account the actual amount of money invested in the project, just the percentage rate of return.
The decision rule for the IRR method is that if the internal rate of return (IRR) is greater than the minimum acceptable rate of return (MARR), the project is considered acceptable. Alternatively, if the IRR is less than the MARR, the project is unacceptable.
The formula for calculating IRR is:
NPV = 0 = CF0 + CF1 / (1 + IRR)1 + CF2 / (1 + IRR)2 + ... + CFn / (1 + IRR)n
Where,CF0 = Cash flow at the beginning
CF1 to CFn = Cash flow during the period
IRR = Internal rate of return
The IRR method is similar to the net present value (NPV) method, which is also used to evaluate investments or projects. Both methods take into account the time value of money and provide a measure of the project's or investment's profitability.
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Which of the following is (are) CORRECT about autonomous expenditure?
A rise in consumer confidence increases it A rise in autonomous investment changes that slope of the AE curve A rise in disposable income increases it All of the answers are correct
The correct statement about autonomous expenditure is: "A rise in autonomous investment changes the slope of the AE curve."
Autonomous expenditure refers to the portion of total expenditure that does not depend on the level of income. It includes factors such as autonomous consumption, autonomous investment, government spending, and net exports. Changes in autonomous expenditure can have significant impacts on the aggregate demand and overall economic activity. While consumer confidence and disposable income are important factors that influence consumption expenditure, they do not directly impact autonomous expenditure. Consumer confidence reflects the sentiment and willingness of individuals to spend, which affects consumption expenditure but not autonomous expenditure. Similarly, disposable income affects consumption but not autonomous expenditure. On the other hand, a rise in autonomous investment, such as an increase in business spending on capital goods, will directly impact the level of autonomous expenditure.
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On June 1, 2022, when the prevailing market rate on similar instruments was at 14%, ABC Company acquired P10,000,000 bonds of XYZ Corporation. The bonds will be accounted as a financial asset at amortized cost. The bonds pay interest of 12% every May 31 and will mature on May 31, 2027. On August 1, 2023, when the prevailing market rate on similar instruments was at 11%, the company acquired another P5,000,000 bonds of UVW Corporation. To be accounted also as a financial asset at amortized cost, the bonds pay interest of 13% every January 31 and July 31 and will mature on July 31, 2026. On May 31, 2025, after receipt of interest, half of the investment purchased on June 1, 2022 was sold at face value. What is the amount of interest receivable accrued on December 31, 2022? The journal entry to record the receipt of interest on May 31, 2023 will include a debit/credit to the investment in bonds account of: (Indicate if debit or credit) What is the balance of the investment in bonds account on December 31, 2023? What is the total interest income recognized on the investments in bonds in 2024? What is the gain or loss on disposal of investment in bonds to be recognized on May 31, 2025? (Indicate if gain or loss)
The amount of interest receivable accrued on December 31, 2022, can be calculated based on the bond's face value and interest rate. In this case, the bond has a face value of P10,000,000 and an interest rate of 12%. To determine the interest receivable, we multiply the face value by the interest rate:
Interest = P10,000,000 * 12% = P1,200,000
Therefore, the amount of interest receivable accrued on December 31, 2022, is P1,200,000.
The journal entry to record the receipt of interest on May 31, 2023, will include a debit to the investment in bonds account. Since the receipt of interest increases the investment in bonds account and it is an asset, it is recorded as a debit.
The balance of the investment in bonds account on December 31, 2023, can be calculated by considering the initial investment, subsequent purchases, sales, and interest earned. The initial investment on June 1, 2022, was P10,000,000. Additionally, there was a subsequent purchase on August 1, 2023, of P5,000,000. Lastly, the interest earned on December 31, 2023, was calculated as P10,000,000 * 12% = P1,200,000.
To calculate the balance of the investment in bonds account, we sum up the initial investment, subsequent purchase, and interest earned:
Balance of Investment in Bonds Account = P10,000,000 + P5,000,000 + P1,200,000 = P16,200,000
Therefore, the balance of the investment in bonds account on December 31, 2023, is P16,200,000.
The total interest income recognized on the investments in bonds in 2024 can be determined by considering the interest received from both bonds during that year. For the XYZ Corporation bonds, the interest income is P10,000,000 * 12% = P1,200,000. For the UVW Corporation bonds, the interest income is P5,000,000 * 13% = P650,000.
To calculate the total interest income, we sum up the interest income from both bonds:
Total Interest Income = P1,200,000 + P650,000 = P1,850,000
Therefore, the total interest income recognized on the investments in bonds in 2024 is P1,850,000.
The gain or loss on the disposal of the investment in bonds to be recognized on May 31, 2025, depends on comparing the selling price with the carrying value of the bonds. The selling price is determined based on the face value of half the investment purchased on June 1, 2022, which is P10,000,000 / 2 = P5,000,000. However, the carrying value of the bonds on May 31, 2025, is not provided. Without this information, we cannot determine the gain or loss on the disposal of the investment.
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Asim and Ahmed have a restaurant business on a Mudaraba contract basis. Asim is the Rabulmall and Ahmed is the Mudrarib of the business. It is a common practice in the 1 restaurant business to sign a takaful contract against the risk of fire, theft, and burglary. However, in order to save the costs of a takaful contract, Ahmed didn't buy a takaful contract. During the year, a fire broke out in the restaurant leading to a substantial loss. According to the term of shariah-compliant Mudaraba contract who will bear the loss? Please elaborate and justify the rights and responsibilities of each partner and the circumstances under which each partner is liable for the losses? Would your answer change if Asim and Ahmed had a Musharaka contract? Please elaborate and distinguish between the rights and responsibilities in this instance
Mudaraba Contract:According to the terms of a Shariah-compliant Mudaraba contract, Asim will bear the loss of the restaurant in case of an occurrence of any accidental risk.
Because in Mudaraba, the Rabulmall has the responsibility to bear the loss that occurs due to any accidental risk, while the Mudrarib is not responsible for any loss until he himself is proven to be the cause of the loss. Ahmed, the Mudrarib, didn't buy the takaful contract to save the cost of the business that causes a fire to break out in the restaurant. Thus, Asim is responsible for the loss, and he has to bear the whole loss of the restaurant due to fire.The rights and responsibilities of each partner under the Mudaraba contract are as follows:Rabulmall (Asim) has to provide the capital, and Mudrarib (Ahmed) has to contribute with his labor and business expertise to make a profit. Rabulmall is not responsible for any loss except for the loss due to willful negligence. The Mudrarib is responsible for any loss resulting from his negligence. If no negligence is proven, the Rabulmall has to bear the loss of the business under the Mudaraba contract. Furthermore, Rabulmall will get a profit share from the earned profits by the Mudrarib after deducting the agreed-upon share. The Mudrarib will get the remaining profit as a commission. Musharaka Contract:If Asim and Ahmed had a Musharaka contract, both partners will share the loss according to their capital contribution in the business. In Musharaka, each partner has a right to participate in the management of the business. Therefore, both the partners have equal rights and responsibilities under the Musharaka contract. The profit-sharing ratio of both partners will depend upon the ratio of the capital they contributed. The loss will also share according to the ratio of their capital contribution. Both partners can share profits as well as losses in the Musharaka contract.
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John is explaining to his supervisor that the issue of workplace bullying is more prevalent in the service sector due to the fact of OA That work relies significantly on interpersonal relationships and interaction OB Its strong hierarchy of authority OC. Most of the organizations in this sector are decentralized O. It lacks the right of due process QUESTION 31 Monica delivered a webinar for her co-workers where she explained that there is a common term in the workplace called "sweatshops" which describes workplaces that OA Employees are constantly monitored and evaluated by their employers OB Employees lack even the basic protections for health and safety OC. The interests of the employee are protected by their right not to be subjected to utilitarian and financial calculations OD. Employees are treated well by their employers as a means of creating a harmonious workplace
John argues that workplace bullying is more prevalent in the service sector due to its reliance on interpersonal relationships, while Monica explains that "sweatshops" refer to workplaces lacking basic health and safety protections, rather than being treated well by employers.
Explanation: John's explanation regarding workplace bullying in the service sector focuses on two key factors. First, the service sector heavily relies on interpersonal relationships and interactions, which can create opportunities for bullying behaviors to occur. Second, the hierarchical structure in many service sector organizations may contribute to power imbalances and abusive behavior.
Monica's webinar on "sweatshops" provides a different perspective. She highlights that the term refers to workplaces where employees lack basic protections for health and safety. This implies that employees in sweatshops are subjected to harsh working conditions, excessive monitoring, and a disregard for their well-being. Contrary to the notion of being treated well, sweatshops prioritize profit and efficiency over the interests and rights of employees.
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6. A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2:3. They admit C for 1/4th share in the business. The sacrificing ratio of A and B is: (A) 3:1 (B) 1:4 (C) 2:3 (D) 1:1
In the given scenario, the sacrificing ratio of partners A and B can be determined by comparing their respective loss in the sharing of profits due to the admission of partner C. Based on the given information, the sacrificing ratio of A and B is option (B) 1:4.
The sacrificing ratio determines the ratio in which the existing partners are willing to give up their share of profits in order to admit a new partner into the business. In this case, partners A and B are sharing profits in the ratio of 2:3, which means A receives 2 parts and B receives 3 parts of the profits.
When partner C is admitted for a 1/4th share in the business, it means that C will receive 1 part out of the total 4 parts of profits. To accommodate C, the existing partners A and B must sacrifice a portion of their share in the profits.
Since the total profit-sharing ratio after admission becomes 2:3:1 (A:B:C), the difference between the old ratio and the new ratio indicates the sacrificing ratio. In this case, partner A sacrifices 1 part (2 - 1) and partner B sacrifices 2 parts (3 - 1), resulting in a sacrificing ratio of 1:4 (A:B).
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Suppose a proposed public policy could result in three possible outcomes: (1) present value of net benefits of $4,000,000, (2) present value of net benefits of $1,000,000, or (3) present value of net benefits of -$10,000,000 (i.e., a loss). Suppose that the probability of occurrence of each of these three outcomes are, respectively, 0.85, 0.10, and 0.05, should this policy be pursued or trashed? Why?
To determine whether the proposed public policy should be pursued or trashed, we need to consider the expected value of net benefits. The expected value is calculated by multiplying each outcome by its respective probability and summing the results. Let's calculate the expected value in this case:
Expected value = (0.85 * $4,000,000) + (0.10 * $1,000,000) + (0.05 * -$10,000,000)
Expected value = $3,400,000 + $100,000 - $500,000
Expected value = $3,000,000
The expected value of net benefits is $3,000,000. This means that, on average, the policy is expected to result in a net benefit of $3,000,000.
Since the expected value of net benefits is positive, it suggests that, on average, the policy has a positive impact. However, it's important to consider other factors before making a final decision. These factors may include the potential distributional effects of the policy, its alignment with broader policy objectives, the feasibility of implementation, and any ethical or social considerations.
While the expected value provides a useful measure, it does not capture the full range of potential outcomes or the potential magnitude of each outcome. Decision-makers should also consider the level of risk tolerance and the potential consequences of the worst-case scenario (i.e., the -$10,000,000 loss).
Ultimately, whether the policy should be pursued or trashed depends on a careful analysis of these factors, weighing the potential benefits against the potential risks and considering the broader context in which the policy will be implemented.
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Indah Bumi Sdn. Bhd. is an engineering company that has five cost centres, where three centres are production departments while another two are service departments. Over the years, the company has use
Indah Bumi Sdn. Bhd. is an engineering company with five cost centres, including three production departments and two service departments. The company has relied on traditional cost allocation methods, which may not accurately reflect the resources used by the cost centres.
Indah Bumi Sdn. Bhd. has traditionally allocated costs using methods such as direct labor hours and machine hours for production departments and square footage for service departments.
However, these methods may not accurately reflect the resources used by each cost center. For example, the service departments may provide support to multiple production departments, but traditional cost allocation methods do not account for this shared usage.
A more accurate and fair cost allocation method would be activity-based costing (ABC), which allocates costs based on the specific activities that drive cost within each cost center.
ABC provides more accurate and transparent cost information, which can be helpful for making strategic decisions about resource allocation and pricing.
By implementing ABC, Indah Bumi Sdn. Bhd. can improve its cost allocation accuracy and make more informed business decisions.
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Gas-fired power stations have relatively low capital costs and high running costs. However, the nuclear power stations have a high investment cost, low running cost, and then a high decommissioning and waste disposal cost at the end.
How does the discount rate affect the choice between them?
Considering fossil, nuclear and wind power, what is the limitation of considering NPV?
it is important to consider both financial and non-financial factors when choosing between different power generation option
Discount rate affects the choice between gas-fired power stations and nuclear power stations because it is used to calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) of each option. The discount rate is the rate at which future cash flows are discounted back to their present value. Gas-fired power stations have relatively low capital costs and high running costs, so their cash flows are mostly in the short term. This means that a high discount rate would make them less attractive than nuclear power stations, which have higher initial costs but lower operating costs and cash flows that are spread out over many years.
A high discount rate would decrease the NPV of gas-fired power stations more than it would decrease the NPV of nuclear power stations, making the latter more attractive. The limitation of considering NPV when comparing fossil, nuclear, and wind power is that it does not take into account external costs such as environmental damage, health impacts, and social costs. NPV only considers the financial costs and benefits of each option and does not account for the wider impacts that they may have. For example, fossil fuels may have low financial costs but high environmental costs, while renewable energy sources may have higher financial costs but lower environmental costs.
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Buying an investment property has positive and negative aspects
. List three positive and three negative aspects of buying an
investment property ?
Buying an investment property indeed has both positive and negative aspects.
Here are three positive and three negative aspects to consider:
Positive aspects: Investment property
1. Income generation: Investment properties can generate a steady income through rental payments, providing a passive income stream.
2. Property appreciation: Over time, the value of the property may increase, resulting in capital gains when you decide to sell.
3. Tax benefits: Owning an investment property can offer tax deductions on mortgage interest, property taxes, and other expenses related to maintaining the property.
Negative aspects:
1. Financial risk: Investment properties carry the risk of potential loss in property value or a decline in rental demand, impacting your overall return on investment.
2. Maintenance and management: Owning an investment property requires ongoing maintenance and potentially dealing with difficult tenants, which can be time-consuming and costly.
3. Initial costs and ongoing expenses: Purchasing an investment property involves a substantial upfront cost, along with ongoing expenses such as property taxes, insurance, and mortgage payments.
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Using a graphical approach, consider the effect of an increase in the world interest rate from r' to r>r. Suppose that the currency is pegged at & and that the initial nominal wage is WA. Assume further that prior to the shock the economy operates at full employment. Suppose that in response to the shock, the government subsidizes wages at the rate 71. Suppose further that 71 is smaller than the minimum subsidy that ensures full employment. Compare the equilibrium under the insufficient wage subsidy to the one associated with the minimum wage subsidy that ensures full employment. In particular, discuss possible differences in the equilibrium levels of employment, the nominal price of nontradables, the nominal wage, and the relative price of nontradables.
An increase in the world interest rate from r' to r>r has the following effects: The vertical line is the full-employment output level. Any point on the line implies full-employment and any point above it implies an excess supply of labor.
The aggregate demand curve is downward sloping and has an equation of Y=α−βr+Pn.β is the responsiveness of investment to the interest rate, α is autonomous aggregate demand, Pn is the price of non-traded goods, and Y is output. When the world interest rate is r', the equilibrium level of output is Y1, the interest rate is r', and the price level is P1.
Output falls from Y1 to Y2, and the price level falls from P1 to P2, with no change in the interest rate. The interest rate remains fixed because of the currency peg.
Wage inflation, in turn, leads to an increase in the price of non-traded goods, resulting in a rise in the relative price of non-traded goods.
However, the subsidy amount provided is insufficient to maintain full employment. As a result, there will be a shortage of labor, pushing wages and prices higher.
In conclusion, insufficient wage subsidies can result in wage and price inflation, which can increase the output level and reduce the excess supply of labor, resulting in full employment.
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thank you so much
On a given Hong Kong-Singapore flight, there are 300 seats. Suppose the ticket price is $450 and the number of passengers who reserve a seat but do not show up for departure is normally distributed with mean 40 and standard deviation 14. The net cost of an involuntary boarding denial (if the number of passengers exceeds the number of seats) is $900 (everything considered including the original ticket price). If you sell 350 tickets, what is the probability that you won't need to deal with bumped passengers? 57% 67% 16% 76% O 24%
Let X be the number of passengers who reserve a seat but do not show up for departure. Then X is normally distributed with a mean of 40 and a standard deviation of 14. It is known that the net cost of an involuntary boarding denial is $900.Suppose that 350 tickets are sold. We want to find the probability that there are no bumped passengers. Answer: 24%.
This is equivalent to the probability that at most 300 passengers show up (since there are 300 seats). Let Y be the number of passengers who show up. Then Y = 350 - X. We need to find the probability that Y ≤ 300.P(Y ≤ 300) = P(350 - X ≤ 300) = P(X ≥ 50)We have: Z = (X - 40) / 14 ~ N(0, 1).P(X ≥ 50) = P(Z ≥ (50 - 40) / 14) = P(Z ≥ 0.714).
Using a standard normal table, we have:P(Z ≥ 0.714) = 1 - P(Z < 0.714) = 1 - 0.7611 = 0.2389. Therefore, the probability that there are no bumped passengers is approximately 23.89%.
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