The correct statement here is There is greater orbital overlap between H and X than between H and Y
The atoms combine by colliding with each other. But what does this mean on the atomic level. This situation refers to the process in which the two atoms comes so close to each other that they penetrate each other’s orbital and form a new hybridized orbital where the bonding pair of electrons reside. This hybridized orbital has lower energy than the atomic orbital and hence are stable. It is in the minimum energy state. This partial penetration of the orbital is known as orbital overlap.
The extent of overlap generally depends on the two participating atoms, their size and the valence electrons. In general, the greater the overlap, the stronger the bond formed between the two atoms. Thus, according to the orbital overlap concept, atoms combine by overlapping their orbital and thus forming a lower energy state where their valence electrons with opposite spin, pair up to form covalent bonds.
In the above given case there is greater orbital overlap between H and X than between H and Y. This is because, more the bond length, more the distance between two nuclei and hence lesser the overlap.
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What do you notice about the temperature while the water is in the process of freezing?.
Answer:
During freezing, the temperature of a substance remains constant while the particles in the liquid form a crystalline solid.
Explanation:
what changes can humans make that can reduce their impact on the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? select the two answers that are correct.
which of the following has more valence electrons than it does core electrons? a.) calcium b.) neon c.) chlorine d.) aluminum
Neon has more valence electrons than does core electrons. The core electrons of neon are 2 and valence electrons are 8.
10 electrons make up neon, with 2 in the outermost shell and 8 in the outermost shell (so eight valence electrons)
With a total of 10 electrons, neon is the tenth element. The initial two electrons in the electron configuration for neon will be in the 1s orbital. The following two electrons for Ne enter the 2s orbital since 1s can only hold two electrons. Six additional electrons will enter the 2p orbital. The Ne electron configuration will be 1s22s22p6 as a result.
Because there are eight electrons in the second energy level (2s22p6) Neon has a full outer shell and an octet. Therefore, it is a Nobel Gas.
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how long on average would it take an oxygen gas molecule (o2) to diffuse a distance of 15.0 mm in air?
Diffusion takes place in the gas phase by the random motion of gas molecules. The thermal motion of gas particles at above absolute zero temperature is called molecular diffusion. Since, molecular diffusion occurs as a result of thermal motion of the molecules, it proceeds at a maximum rate in gases, at a lower rate in liquids, and at a still lower rate in solids.
The diffusion rate can be calculated by t=x²/(2D)
How to calculate the diffusion of gas at a particular distance?
Apply,
time= x²/(2D)
where
D= Diffusion constant = 10 ↑ -9 m²/s
x= distance =15 mm = 15 * 10↑-3 m
then, substitute
t= (15*10↑-3)²/2*10↑-9
=112.5 * 10↑ -3 sec
Thus, Diffusion of gas at a particular distance is
t =3.125* 10↑-5 hours
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how long (in hours) must a current of 2.32 amps be passed to produce 10.3 g of copper metal from a solution of aqueous copper(ii) chloride?
In 3.75 hours a current of 2.32 amps be passed to produce 10.3 g of copper metal from a solution of aqueous copper(ii) chloride.
According to Faraday's first law, the amount of chemical reaction that takes place at any electrode during electrolysis is proportional to the amount of electricity that is passed through the electrolyte.
According to Faraday's first law-
w= zit
w= (E/F) it
w- weight of copper , which is 10.3 grams according to the given question.
i- current = 2.32 ampere
t- time =?
E- equivalent weight of copper = atomic weight/ charge
⇒ 63.5/ 2 = 31.7 g.
F- Faradays constant= 96500C
∴10.3 = (31.7/96500) x 2.32 x t
⇒ t= 13517 sec
⇒t= 13517 / 60x60
∴t= 3.75 hours
Hence, In 3.75 hours a current of 2.32 amps be passed to produce 10.3 g of copper metal from a solution of aqueous copper(ii) chloride.
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a sample of vitamin a, c20h30o, contains 4.0 x 1024 atoms of carbon. how many moles of vitamin a does it represent?
A sample of vitamin a, C20H30O, contains 4.0 x 1024 atoms of carbon. It represents 6.64 mol of vitamin.
A mole is defined as the quantity of a material that contains precisely the Avogadro number of the substance's "elementary entities."
Every material has the same amount of atoms or other particles in a mole. The mole has the following relationship to an element's mass: One mole of carbon-12 atoms weighs 12 grams and has 6.02214076 x 10^23 atoms.The mole concept helps in putting quantitative data about what transpires in a chemical equation on a macroscopic scale.
Number of carbon atoms in the given sample = 4 x 10^24 atoms.
We know that 6.022 x 10^23 carbon atoms = 1 mole (avagardo constant)
So, moles in 4 x 10^24 carbon atoms will be = 4 x 10^24/ 6.022 x 10^23
= 6.64 mol.
Therefore, no of moles present is 6.64 mol.
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in a titration of 35.00 ml of 0.737 m h2so4, ml of a 0.827 m koh solution is required for neutralization. question 25 options: 25.8 62.4 39.3 1.12 35.0
In a titration of 35.00 mL of 0.737 M H₂SO₄, 62.4 mL of a 0.827 M KOH solution is required for neutralization.
What is Neutralization?The interaction of H+ ions and OH- ions produces water in a neutralization reaction, which occurs when an acid and a base react to form water and salt. A pH of 7 results from the neutralization of a potent acid and a potent base.
Calculation:
The balanced reaction is
H₂SO₄ + 2 KOH ⇒ 2 H₂O + K₂SO₄
The molarity M is the number of moles of solute that are dissolved in a given volume, expressed as:
number of moles = molarity × volume
For H₂SO₄
35.00 mL= 0.035 L (being 1,000 mL= 1 L)
Molarity= 0.737 M
Then,
number of moles= 0.737 M × 0.035 L
number of moles= 0.0258
So you must neutralize 0.0258 moles of H₂SO₄. Now you can apply the following rule of three: if by stoichiometry 1 mole of H₂SO₄ is neutralized with 2 moles of KOH, 0.0258 moles of H₂SO₄ are neutralized with moles of KOH =?
moles of KOH = 0.0516,
Then 0.0516 moles of KOH are needed.
Molarity= 0.827 M
number of moles= 0.0516
volume=?
Replacing in the definition of molarity: 0.827M = 0.0516 moles/ volume.
= 0.0516moles/0.827M = volume
volume = 0.0624 L= 62.4 mL.
Hence, 62.4 mL of a 0.827 m KOH solution is required for neutralization.
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name the following iconic compound: CoNO2
Answer:
Cobalt;nitrite
Explanation: there is none that is the compound
Answer:
CoNO2 is an ionic compound and is composed of cobalt cation (having +2 valency) and nitrite anion.
Explanation:
The chemical formula of cobalt cation is Co2+ and the formula of nitrite ion is NO−2 . When writing the name of an ionic compound, the name of the cation is written first and then the name of the anion. So, the name of CoNO2 is Cobalt (II) Nitrite.
Brainliest, Please!which of the following isomers is expected to undergo an sn2 reaction most rapidly upon treatment with naoh?
The following isomers is expected to undergo an SN2 reaction most rapidly upon treatment with NaOH is primary alkyl halide.
The SN2 reaction is the bimolecular reaction. the primary alkyl halides undergoes SN2 reaction than the secondary alkyl halide and the tertiary alkyl halide. the reason is because of the less steric hindrance experienced by the nucleophile that is approaching to word compound. the secondary and the tertiary alkyl halides are slower than the primary one. the secondary alkyl halide and the tertiary alkyl halide experienced more steric hindrance as compared to the primary alkyl halide.
Thus, the primary alkyl halide under goes more readily an SN2 reaction.
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Staci ordered a frozen yogurt cone. The picture shows the frozen yogurt cone after Staci was finished and ran off to play. A partially melt yogurt in a cone. Which statement correctly describes the particles that make up the yogurt cone shown? A. The particles move slower and vibrate in place in the melted yogurt. B. The particles stop moving when the yogurt is completely melted. C. The particles move faster and slide past each other in the melted yogurt. D. The particles in the yogurt move only if the temperature changes suddenly.
According to the forces of attraction, in the frozen yogurt which is melted the particles move faster and slide past each other in the melted yogurt.
What are forces of attraction?Forces of attraction is a force by which atoms in a molecule combine. it is basically an attractive force in nature. It can act between an ion and an atom as well.It varies for different states of matter that is solids, liquids and gases.
The forces of attraction are maximum in solids as the molecules present in solid are tightly held while it is minimum in gases as the molecules are far apart . The forces of attraction in liquids is intermediate of solids and gases.
The physical properties such as melting point, boiling point, density are all dependent on forces of attraction which exists in the substances.
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indentify the three decomposition reactions. how did you determine the calssification of these chemicals reactions
Thermolysis, photolysis, and electrolysis are three different forms of breakdown reactions. A single source was cooked to yield two or more objects in each instance (decomposition).
Which reaction is decomposition?Decomposition reactions happen when complex chemical entities split apart into smaller components. Decomposition reactions often demand energy input. For instance, the thermal breakdown of potassium hydroxide (KClO3) is a typical technique used during laboratories to generate oxygen gas.
What kind of decomposition best illustrates this?Below is a typical illustration of a thermal breakdown reaction. Calcite breaks down into calcareous dioxide and atmospheric co2 when heated. The production of quick lime, a crucial component in numerous industries, uses this procedure.
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consider the following voltaic cell which of the following statements is false? the al electrode is the anode the al electrode will tose mass the pt electrode is the cathode the pt electrode will gain mass electrons flow from the al electrode to the pt
According to the provided voltaic cell equation, it is untrue that the al electrode serves as the anode.
An electrode is a conductor of electricity used to make electrical contact with a nonmetallic component of a circuit. Depending on the type of battery, electrodes can be made of a range of materials and are a vital component. A conductor used to make electrical contact with a circuit's nonmetallic components is called an electrode. Common applications for electrodes include electrochemical cells, semiconductors like diodes, and medical equipment.
The voltaic cell, which bears the names of scientists Luigi Galvani and Alessandro Volta, is an electrochemical device that produces an electric current through uninhibited oxidation-reduction reactions. A voltaic cell is an electrochemical device that harnesses the power of a chemical process to generate electricity. the essential elements of a solar cell.
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We measure the concentration of H+ ions to be 1.00 * 10-5 M. What is the pH of this solution?
Answer:hydrogen ion concentration.
Explanation:
True or false: When subject to homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions on an in- terval [a,b], every nonsingular second-order linear ordinary differential equation a(x)u" + 6(x) u' + c(u) u = f(x) is (a) self-adjoint, (b) positive definite, (c) positive semi- (x ( definite, with respect to some weighted inner product (9.76).
True. When homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions are applied to an interval [a,b], any nonsingular second-order linear ordinary differential equation a(x)u" + 6(x) u' + c(u) u = f(x) is (a) self-adjoint.
What is meant by homogenous?Homogeneous often refers to having the same parts or components. Something that is uniform in nature or character throughout is said to be homogeneous. The term "homogeneous" can also apply to a variety of items that are fundamentally the same as one another or fall under the same category.
What is homogenous in science?A homogeneous mixture has a consistent composition across the whole mixture. The salt water in the aforementioned example is homogeneous because the dissolved salt is evenly distributed across the whole salt water sample.
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place the steps in order from first to last for confirming the presence of lead(ii) ions in a sample.
The correct steps in order from first to last for confirming the presence of lead(ii) ions in a sample is i, iv, ii, vi, viii, iii, vi, v.
The chemical element of lead ion has the atomic number 82 and the letter Pb. It is a hefty metal with a higher density than the majority of everyday materials. Its melting point is rather low, and lead is soft and flexible. lead ion is a lustrous, slightly blue-tinged grey when it is first cut. A sample is a representative piece or one object taken from a bigger whole or group, especially when it is offered for inspection or displayed as proof of quality: specimen. A sample is a selection of individuals, things, or things used in study that is used for measurement out of a wider population. In order to be able to extrapolate the results from the research sample to the entire population, the sample must be representative of the population.
the complete question is:
place the steps in order from first to last for confirming the presence of lead(ii) ions in a sample.
i) The formation of a white and black precipitate confirms the presence of lead(II).
ii) Decant the liquid above the white precipitate and add hot water to the white precipitate.
iii) Decant the liquid and add K, CrO, to the liquid.
iv) Add HCI to the sample.
v) The formation of a yellow precipitate confirms the presence of lead(II).
vi) Decant the liquid and add HNO, to the liquid.
vi) Decant the liquid and add NH, to the white precipitate.
viii) The formation of a white solid confirms the presence of lead(II).
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a 25.0 ml solution of hbr is neutralized with 16.8 ml of 0.105 m sr(oh)₂. what is the concentration of the original hbr solution?
The concentration of the original hbr solution is 0.147m.
How do you make HBr solution?
Distillation of a solution of sodium bromide or potassium bromide with phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid yields HBr: KBr + H2SO4 KHSO4 + HBr Because it oxidises HBr to bromine, concentrated sulfuric acid is less effective: 2 HBr + H2SO4 + 2 H2O Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O
2Hbr + sr(oh)₂ --> srbrc + 2h₂0
25ml 16.8 ml
xm 0.105 m
for complete neutralization
Moles of Hbr =2× moles of sr(oh)₂
xm × 25ml = 2 × 16.8 ml × 0.105 m
x = 0.147m
Hence 0.147m is a correct answer.
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when an atom loses or gains electrons, the electron configuration for the resulting ion will be different than that of the original atom. if ar were to lose 2 electrons what would be the full electron configuration of the ar2 ion? question 10 options: a) 1s22s22p63s23p6 b) 1s22s22p6 c) 3s23p4 d) 1s22s22p63s23p4 e) 1s22s22p4
1s22s22p63s23p4 What would the entire electron configuration of the ar2 ion be if ar lost 2 electrons?
Does argon gain or lose how many electrons?A noble gas element is argon. As a result of having a fully charged outer shell, argon is extremely stable. The outer shell of argon would be incomplete if it were to give or receive one electron. Argon is already stable, therefore it neither gains nor loses electrons.
What ion does argon produce?Argonium. A proton and an argon atom are combined to form the ion argonium (ArH+). The amount of molecular hydrogen H2 is between 0.0001 and 0.001 percent in diffuse atomic hydrogen gas in interstellar space, where it can be discovered.
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which solute would you expect to most lower the freezing point of water? which solute would you expect to most lower the freezing point of water? all solutes lower the freezing point equally cacl2 sugar nacl
[tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] is the substance that one would anticipate lowering water's freezing point the most.
This makes use of the freezing point depression theory. When dealing with this problem, we employ the equation shown below:
T = iKfm, which is rendered as follows in English:
Vant Hoff factor times molal freezing point depression constant * Solution molality equals the change in freezing point.
The quantity of molecules, not their composition, determines the freezing point depression because it is a colligative feature.
Now that we are certain that Kf and molality will remain constant, the Van't Hoff factor, also known as "i" is our sole remaining unknown.
The number of atoms that separate from each particular molecule is known as the Van't Hoff factor. The freezing point will be more depressed the greater the Van't Hoff factor.
NaCl will dissociate into Na+ and Cl-, therefore it has I = 2 CaCl2 will dissociate into Ca2+ and 2 Cl-, so it has I = 3. Sugar (C12H22O11) has I = 1.
Choice B is the appropriate response as a result.
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assume the equivalent weight of an acid is 94.0.94.0. calculate the number of ml of 0.353 m0.353 m naohnaoh that would be needed to titrate 0.223 g0.223 g of the acid.
The volume required for titration of NaOH is 0.000837ml.
Given -M=94g
m=0.223g
V=0.353
To find the new volume consider following points -
The most frequently used phrase in chemistry and one of the fundamental ideas in the physical chemistry section is "equivalent weight." The definition of an equivalent weight, also referred to as a gram equivalent, is the mass of one equivalent, or the mass of a given substance that will combine with or replace a specific amount of another substance. To put it another way, the mass of a substance that can displace 1 point 008 grams of hydrogen, 8 point 0 grams of oxygen, or 35 point 5 grams of chlorine is known as its gram equivalent or equivalent weight. As a result, the atomic weight of the substance is divided by its valence to determine the equivalent weight. As an illustration, the oxygen's equivalent weight will be 16 g / 2 = 8 g.Calculations-
[tex]MV=mv\\\\94V=0.223 *0.353\\\\V=\frac{0.223 *0.353}{94} ml\\\\V=0.000837ml[/tex]
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if 50.9 g of aspirin (c₉h₈o₄) are produced from 79.8 g of c₇h₆o₃, what is the percent yield from the reaction below? c₇h₆o₃ (s) c₄h₆o₃ (l) → c₉h₈o₄ (s) hc₂h₃o₂ (aq).
48.90% yield is produced in the given reaction
What is yield of a reaction?
The quantity of moles of a product created in relation to the amount of reactant consumed during a chemical reaction is measured in chemistry as yield, also known as reaction yield.
One of the most important aspects of organic and inorganic chemical synthesis that researchers must take into account is yield. The terms "yield," "conversion," and "selectivity" are used in chemical reaction engineering to describe ratios of how much of a reactant was consumed (conversion), how much of the desired product was formed (yield), and how much of the undesired product was formed (selectivity), represented as X, Y, and S.
Hence, 48.90% yield is produced in the given reaction.
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what is the concentration, in mass percent, of a solution made by mixing 45.0 g of nacl with 250.0 ml of water?
45 grams are equal to the mass of the solution multiplied by 100, or the mass of NaCl. We can sell them for 295.0 grams times 100 points and receive 15.25 percent of the sale price. The result is that the concentration of NaCl in the solution, which is 8 percent, is 15.25 percent.
What is the concentration of a solution made by combining 200 mL of water and 50 g of salt?You will have 25 g of solute in 100 g of solution since you have 50 g in 200 g of solution. According to the definition given above, this solution is 25% by mass.
How can you figure out a solution's concentration as a percentage?One of three methods can be used to calculate this percentage: either the volume of the solute divided by the volume of the solution, the mass of the solute divided by the volume of the solution, or any combination of this solution.
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what volume of a 0.425 m naoh solution is needed to neutralize 80.0 ml of a 0.176 m solution of h2so4?
The volume of a 0.425M NaOH solution that is needed to neutralize 80.0 ml of a 0.176M solution of sulfuric acid is 33.13mL.
How to calculate volume?The volume of a substance can be calculated using the following expression:
CaVa = CbVb
Where;
Ca = initial concentrationCb = final concentrationVa = initial volumeVb = final volumeAccording to this question, 0.425M NaOH solution is needed to neutralize 80.0 ml of a 0.176M solution of sulfuric acid. The volume needed can be calculated as follows:
0.425 × Va = 80 × 0.176
0.425Va = 14.08
Va = 33.13mL
Therefore, 33.13mL is the volume of the solution.
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Gustatory receptors are sensitive to dissolved chemicals but insensitive to light. This is due to.
Gustatory receptors are touchy to dissolved chemical substances however insensitive to mild. this is due to receptor fields.
The receptive area of a somatic sensory neuron is the vicinity of the skin within which a tactile stimulus evokes a sensory response in the cellular or its axon
The receptive subject (RF) of a neuron refers to the attributes of a visual stimulus that generates a reaction in that cell, and commonly includes an outline of visual field area and desire for other precise capabilities, which includes desired orientation or course of visual stimuli.
For instance, the complete place that a watch can see is called the visual view, and the patch of the field of vision that any single neuron video display units is that cell's receptive subject.
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what term is used to describe the thick mixture of liquid and solid used to form the chromatography column?
The dense mixture of liquid and solid utilized to create the chromatography column uses stationary phase and mobile phase. Silica gel is the most widely used stationary phase for column chromatography.
In what types of mixes is chromatography used?For the separation of complicated combinations of amino acids, peptides, carbohydrates, steroids, purines, and a lengthy list of simple chemical compounds, paper chromatography has evolved into a common procedure. On paper, inorganic ions can also be easily separated. Thin-layer chromatography is compared.
Which mixes are separated using column chromatography?A separation method used to separate soluble mixtures is chromatography. A mixture is mixed in a solvent and poured down a column that is filled with a solid substance in column chromatography.
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a major component of gasoline is octane . when liquid octane is burned in air it reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. calculate the moles of water produced by the reaction of 1.70 of oxygen. be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if necessary, and round it to significant digits.
The number of moles of carbon dioxide produced by the reaction of 0.085 moles of oxygen is 0.1 moles.
Solution:
2C₈H₁₈ + 25O₂ → 16CO₂ + 18H₂O
25 moles of O₂ reacted to produce 16 moles of CO₂.
Therefore,
0.085 mole of O₂ will react to produce = [tex]\frac{0.085*16}{25}[/tex] = 0.1 mole of CO₂.
Thus, the number of moles of CO₂ produced from the reaction is 0.1 mole.
When liquid octane is burned in the air it reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. When octane burns in the air it chemically reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide and water.
Combustion reactions of hydrocarbons release thermal energy and are an example of exothermic reactions. Gasoline burns and reacts with oxygen in the atmosphere to produce light and heat, converting carbon-based molecules into carbon dioxide gas and water vapor.
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what is the mole fraction of ethanol c2h5oh in an aqueous solution that is 46 perccent ethanol by mass?
The mole fraction of ethanol C₂H₅OH in an aqueous solution that is 46 percent ethanol by mass is 0.25.
Given that :
ethanol by mass is 46 % = 46 g
mass of water = 54 g
the moles of the ethanol, C₂H₅OH = mass / molar mass
= 46 / 46
= 1 mol
the moles of the water , H₂O = mass / molar mass
= 54 / 18
= 3 mol
the total moles = 1 + 3 = 4 mol
The mole fraction of ethanol , C₂H₅OH = moles / total moles
= 1 / 4
= 0.25
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Ruthenium (Ru) is commonly used in the manufacture of platinum alloys. What is the ground-state electron configuration for an atom of ruthenium?
It always takes specific quantity of energy to remove only 1 electron from an atom.
What is electron?Electron is a stable sub atomic particle with a charge of negetive electricity found in all atoms and acting as the primary Carrier of electricity in solid.
Sol-This is shown by the equation where this is the orbit of the electron around a proton is equal to the quantum. The quantities by energy level, times by wavelength. So this is this equation and then abruptly hypothesis in links quantities. Energy states with a standing wave function so as that the energy of the election on increases its orbit must also increase. And as it is considering the wavelength, we're assuming statnon is constant. It's not to the changing and two pies just by a constant.
As the energy or quantifies energy level of an electron increases the its radius around the nucleus must increase. Also, if its energy level of the decreases, its radius must also decrease. So this is the hypothesis ties together quantities, energy levels and the relationship and its relationship by it with the size of the circumference of around it. A nucleus which is also to the Electron.
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What mass of liquid ethanol (c2h5oh) must be burned to supply 500 kj of heat? the standard enthalpy of combustion of ethanol at 298 k is -1368 kj/mol.
500 kJ of heat are created by burning 16.84 grams of ethanol. The standard enthalpy of combustion for ethanol is -1368 kj/mol at 298 k.
Alcohol or fuel: which is ethanol?
A renewable fuel known as "biomass" is used to create ethanol from diverse plant components. Ethanol, often in the form of E10 (10% ethanol, 90% gasoline), is added to more than 98% of gasoline sold in the US in order to oxygenate the fuel and lower air pollution.
Where can you find ethanol?
Corn is the most widely used ingredient in ethanol produced domestically. It can also be produced utilizing cellulosic feedstocks such crop waste and wood, however this is less common. The Midwest region of the United States has a concentration of ethanol facilities since maize production is nearby.
Briefing:
Given the following data:
Standard enthalpy of combustion of ethanol = −1368 kJ/mol.
Temperature = 298 K
By stoichiometry:
1 mole of ethanol = 1368 kJ of heat
X mole of ethanol = 500 kJ
Cross-multiplying, we have:
X = 0.3655 moles
Now, we can determine the mass of ethanol required:
Mass = 16.84 grams
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What is evaporation
Answer:
The process of turning from liquid into vapor.
Explanation:
Describe what happens in a collision??
Answer:
The forces involved in a collision are equal in size and directed in the opposite direction, and they accelerate both objects. Each object accelerates equally in collisions with things of equal mass.
Explanation: