the figure shows particles of a substance in a closed container. Which state of matter is shown in the figure?

Answer:

Citric Acid is a weak acid with a chemical formula C6H8O7.

...

Properties of Citric Acid – C6H8O7.

C6H8O7 Citric Acid

Molecular Weight/ Molar Mass 192.124 g/mol

Density 1.66 g/cm³

Boiling Point 310 °C

Melting Point 153 °C

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Answer:

Decrease the volume to increase pressure and to increase concentration

Explanation:

A gaseous reaction is affected by the volume of the reactants. To increase the rate of the forward reaction, we need to ensure that the volume of the reactants is manipulated in such a way that the forward reaction is favored.

Thus, when the volume of reactants is decreased, the pressure increases.This increase in pressure has the same effect as increase in concentration. Hence, the rate of forward reaction increases.

Answer:

191 °C

Explanation:

We'll begin by calculating the number of mole in 88.0 g of Ne. This can be obtained as follow;

Mass of Ne = 88.0 g

Molar mass of Ne = 20 g/mol

Mole of Ne =?

Mole = mass /molar mass

Mole of Ne = 88 / 20

Mole of Ne = 4.4 moles

Next, we shall determine the temperature. This can be obtained as follow:

Mole of Ne = 4.4 moles

Pressure (P) = 350 KPa

Volume (V) = 48.5 L

Gas constant (R) = 8.314 KPa.L/Kmol

Temperature (T) =?

PV = nRT

350 × 48.5 = 4.4 × 8.314 × T

16975 = 36.5816 × T

Divide both side by 36.5816

T = 16975 / 36.5816

T = 464 K

Finally, we shall convert 464 K to celsius temperature. This can be obtained as follow:

T(°C) = T(K) – 273

T(K) = 464 K

T(°C) = 464 – 273

T(°C) = 191 °C

Thus, the temperature is 191 °C

Answer:

The reaction will proceed to the right to attain the equilibrium.

Explanation:

Step 1: Write the balanced equation

2 N₂(g) + 3 H₂(g) = 2 NH₃(g)

Step 2: Calculate the reaction quotient

The reaction quotient (Qc) is calculated in the same way as the equilibrium constant (Kc) but it uses the concentrations at any time.

Qc = [NH₃]² / [N₂]² × [H₂]³

Qc = 8.00² / 1.50² × 1.00³ = 28.4

Since Qc ≠ Kc, the reaction is not at equilibrium.

Since Qc < Kc, the reaction will proceed to the right to attain the equilibrium.

Answer:

Explanation:

Amount of phosphorus pentachloride reacted = 0.75 M - 0.65 M = 0.10 M

PCl₅(g) --------> PCl₃(g)+ Cl₂(g)

1 mole               1 mole      1 mole

Amount of phosphorus pentachloride reacted = 0.75 M - 0.65 M = 0.10 M

PCl₃(g) and  Cl₂(g) formed are .10 M and .10 M

Keq = [ PCl₃] x [ Cl₂ ] / [ PCl₅ ]

= .10 M x .10 M / .65 M

= .0154

B ) is the correct choice .

Answer:

I believe is A

Explanation:

Enthalpy change is the name given to the amount of heat evolved or absorbed in a reaction carried out at constant pressure.

Answer:

Explanation:

The reaction is given as:

[tex]N_{2(g)} + 3H_{2(g)} \to 2NH_{3(g)}[/tex]

The reaction quotient is:

[tex]Q_C = \dfrac{[NH_3]^2}{[N_2][H_2]^3}[/tex]

From the given information:

TO find each entity in the reaction quotient, we have:

[tex][NH_3] = \dfrac{6.42 \times 10^{-4}}{3.5}\\ \\ NH_3 = 1.834 \times 10^{-4}[/tex]

[tex][N_2] = \dfrac{0.024 }{3.5}[/tex]

[tex][N_2] = 0.006857[/tex]

[tex][H_2] =\dfrac{3.21 \times 10^{-2}}{3.5}[/tex]

[tex][H_2] = 9.17 \times 10^{-3}[/tex]

∴

[tex]Q_c= \dfrac{(1.834 \times 10^{-4})^2}{(0.0711)\times (9.17\times 10^{-3})^3} \\ \\ Q_c = 0.6135[/tex]

However; given that:

[tex]K_c = 1.2[/tex]

By relating [tex]Q_c \ \ and \ \ K_c[/tex], we will realize that [tex]Q_c \ \ < \ \ K_c[/tex]

The reaction is said that it is not at equilibrium and for it to be at equilibrium, then the reaction needs to proceed in the forward direction.

Answer: 2.23 is the difference.

Explanation: Sodium has an electronegativity of 0.93 and Chlorine has an electronegativity of 3.16, so when Sodium and Chlorine form an ionic bond, in which the chlorine takes an electron away from sodium, forming the sodium cation, Na+, and the chloride anion, Cl-.

Answer:

heterozygous.

Explanation:

A genotype consisting of two different alleles of a gene for a particular trait (Aa). Individuals who are heterozygous for a trait are referred to as heterozygotes.

I believe it is to speed up chemical reactions

Answer:

Explanation:

The pH of a solution can be found by using the formula

[tex]pH = - log [ {H}^{+} ][/tex]

From the question we have

[tex]ph = - log(6.2 \times {10}^{ - 5} ) \\ = 4.207608[/tex]

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Answer:

kc = [G]² / [E] [F], kc = [1.30M]² / [0.60M] [0.80M]

Explanation:

The reaction is:

E + F ⇄ 2G

The equilibrium constant, kc, must be written as the ratio of the molar concentrations of products over reactants. Each concentration powered to its coefficient.

For the reaction of the problem, kc is:

Replacing the given concentrations:

Answer:

x² = mutiphy by them self

Explanation:

Answer:

Warmer

Cooler

Explanation:

Answer:

increase answer

Explanation:

i hope that is right

Answer:

[tex]1 \: mole \: = 6.02 \times {10}^{23} \: molecules \\ 3.05 \: moles \: = (3.05 \times 6.02 \times {10}^{23} ) \: molecules \\ = 1.8361 \times {10}^{24} \: molecules[/tex]

Answer:

hot spring

Explanation:

The mineral water in hot springs can also help reduce stress by relaxing tense muscles. Meanwhile as your body temperature rises in the bath, and then cools once you exit can also help you relax and fall into a deeper sleep.

Answer:

The correct answer is - 46.60 mL.

Explanation:

To find the volume of the gas at its new increased temperature we need to use Charl Law that shows the direct relationship between Volume and Temperature while Pressure remains constant.

V1 = 40 ml

T1  = 30 degree C + 273 = 303 K

V2  = ?

T2  = 80 degree C + 273 = 353 K

Charl Equation is:

V 1/T 1  =  V 2/ T 2

(V1) * (T2)/ T1= V2

placing value:

40*353/303 = V2

= 14120/303

Vf = 46.60 mL

Answer:

A person's skin color, hair color, dimples, freckles, and blood type are all examples of genetic variations that can occur in a human population.

Explanation:

Answer: The energy of an electron in the n = 2 level of a hydrogen atom is 3.40 eV.

Explanation:

Given: n = 2

The relation between energy and [tex]n^{th}[/tex] orbit of an atom is as follows.

[tex]E = - \frac{13.6}{n^{2}} eV[/tex]

Substitute the values into above formula as follows.

[tex]E = - \frac{13.6}{n^{2}} eV\\= - \frac{13.6}{(2)^{2}}\\= - 3.40 eV[/tex]

The negative sign indicates that energy is being released.

Thus, we can conclude that the energy of an electron in the n = 2 level of a hydrogen atom is 3.40 eV.

Answer:

C₃H₈O

Explanation:

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Mass of compound = 1.031 g

Mass of CO₂ = 2.265 g

Mass of H₂O = 1.236 g

Empirical formula =?

Next, we shall determine the mass of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the compound. This can be obtained as follow:

For carbon, C:

Mass of CO₂ = 2.265 g

Molar mass of CO₂ = 44.01 g/mol

Molar mass of C = 12.01 g/mol

Mass of C =?

Mass of C = molar mass of C / molar mass of CO₂ × mass of CO₂

Mass of C = 12.01/44.01 × 2.265

Mass of C = 0.618 g

For hydrogen, H:

Mass of H₂O = 1.236 g

Molar mass of H₂O = 18.02 g/mol

Molar mass of H₂ = 2 × 1.01 = 2.02 g/mol

Mass of H =?

Mass of H = Molar mass of H₂ / Molar mass of H₂O × Mass of H₂O

Mass of H = 2.02/18.02 × 1.236

Mass of H = 0.139 g

For oxygen, O:

Mass of compound = 1.031 g

Mass of C = 0.618 g

Mass of H = 0.139 g

Mass of O =?

Mass of O = Mass of compound – (mass of C + mass of H)

Mass of O = 1.031 – ( 0.618 + 0.139)

Mass of O = 1.031 – 0.757

Mass of O = 0.274 g

Finally, we shall determine the empirical formula. This can be obtained as follow:

C = 0.618 g

H = 0.139 g

O = 0.274 g

Divide by their molar mass

C = 0.618 / 12.01 = 0.051

H = 0.139 / 1.01 = 0.138

O = 0.274 / 16 = 0.017

Divide by the smallest

C = 0.051 / 0.017 = 3

H = 0.138 / 0.017 = 8

O = 0.017 / 0.017 = 1

Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is C₃H₈O

Based on the data provided, the empirical formula of the compound is C₃H₈O

The empirical formula of compound is its simplest formula showing the mole ratio of the elements in the compound.

First, the mass of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the compound is determined first as follows:

For carbon, C:

Mass of CO₂ = 2.265 g

Molar mass of CO₂ = 44.01 g/mol

Molar mass of C = 12.01 g/mol

Mass of C = 12.01/44.01 × 2.265

Mass of C = 0.618 g

For hydrogen, H:

Mass of H₂O = 1.236 g

Molar mass of H₂O = 18.02 g/mol

Molar mass of H₂ = 2 × 1.01 = 2.02 g/mol

Mass of H = 2.02/18.02 × 1.236

Mass of H = 0.139 g

For oxygen, O:

Mass of compound = 1.031 g

Mass of C = 0.618 g

Mass of H = 0.139 g

Mass of O = Mass of compound – (mass of C + mass of H)

Mass of O = 1.031 – ( 0.618 + 0.139)

Mass of O = 0.274 g

To determine the empirical formula of a compound, the mole ratio of the elements are determined as follows:

Mole ratio of the elements:

Carbon                Hydrogen         Oxygen

0.618 g/12.01    0.139 / 1.01         0.274 / 16

0.051                   0.138              0.017

Divide by the smallest ratio to convert to whole numbers

0.051 / 0.017     0.138 / 0.017  0.017 / 0.017

3           :            8           :               1

Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is C₃H₈O

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Answer:

Ksp = [Ca⁺²] × [C₂O₄⁻²]

Explanation:

Step 1: Write the balanced reaction for the dissociation of calcium oxalate

CaC₂O₄(s) ⇄ Ca⁺²(aq) + C₂O₄⁻²(aq)

Step 2: Write the expression for the solubility product constant (Ksp) of calcium oxalate

The solubility product constant is the equilibrium constant for the dissociation reaction, that is, it is equal to the product of the concentrations of the products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients divided by the product of the concentrations of the reactants raised to their stoichiometric coefficients. It doesn't include solids nor pure liquids because their activities are 1.

Ksp = [Ca⁺²] × [C₂O₄⁻²]

Answer:

3mL of 5M NaOH must be added to adjust the pH to 7.20

Explanation:

When NaOH is added to phosphoric acid, H₃PO₄, the reaction that occurs are:

NaOH + H₃PO₄ ⇄ NaH₂PO₄ + H₂O pKa1 = 2.15

NaOH + NaH₂PO₄ ⇄ Na₂HPO₄ + H₂O pKa2 = 7.20

NaOH + Na₂HPO₄ ⇄ Na₃PO₄ + H₂O pKa3 = 12.38

We can adjust the pH at 7.20 = pKa2 if NaH₂PO₄ = Na₂HPO₄. To make that, we must convert, as first, all H₃PO₄ to NaH₂PO₄ and the half of NaH₂PO₄ to Na₂HPO₄. To solve this question we need to find the moles of phophoric acid in the initial solution. 1.5 times these moles are the moles of NaOH that must be added to fix the pH to 7.20:

Moles H₃PO₄:

100mL = 0.100L * (0.100mol / L) = 0.0100 moles H₃PO₄

Moles NaOH:

0.0100 moles H₃PO₄ * 1.5 = 0.0150 moles NaOH

Volume NaOH:

0.0150 moles NaOH * (1L / 5moles) = 3x10⁻³L 5M NaOH are required =

3 mL of 5 Molar NaOH is required to adjust the pH of phosphoric acid.

It is the negative log of the concentration of Hydrogen ions in the solution.

To calculate the volume of NaOH first, calculate the moles of NaOH and H₃PO₄.

Moles of H₃PO₄.

[tex]\rm moles \ of \ H_3PO_4 = 100\rm \ mL = 0.100\rm \ L \times (0.100 \ mol / L)\\\\\rm moles \ of \ H_3PO_4 = 0.01[/tex]

The moles of NaOH:

[tex]\rm Moles \ of \ NaOH =0.01 \ moles \ H_3PO_4\times 1.5 \\\\\rm Moles \ of \ NaOH= 0.0150[/tex]

The volume of NaOH:

[tex]\rm Volume\ of \ NaOH = \rm 0.0150\ moles\ NaOH \times (1 \ L / 5 \ moles) \\\\\rm Volume\ of \ NaOH = 3\times 10^{-3} L[/tex]

Therefore, 3 mL of 5 Molar NaOH is required to adjust the pH of phosphoric acid.

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Answer:

Reaction type: Single displacement

Reactant: Magnesium

Product: Dihydrogen - H2

Answer:

Bathypelagic

54% of the ocean lies in the Bathypelagic (aphotic) zone into which no light penetrates. This is also called the midnight zone and the deep ocean. Due to the complete lack of sunlight, photosynthesis cannot occur and the only light source is bioluminescence.

Explanation:

The small surface zone that has light is the photic zone. The entire rest of the ocean does not have light and is the aphotic zone.

Permanent darkness below 1000 meters with bioluminescent bacteria, bottom feeders, and angler fish is where no light reaches.

This is referred to the state of being dark as a result of absence of light in the area.

The light ray penetration decreases with increase in depth thereby making areas below 1000 meters dark with bioluminescent bacteria, bottom feeders, and angler fish which is why option C was chosen.

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Answer: The approximate pressure of the gas after it is heated to 278 K is 0.468 atm.

Explanation:

Given: [tex]T_{1}[/tex] = 178 K,      [tex]P_{1}[/tex] = 0.3 atm

[tex]T_{2}[/tex] = 278 K,           [tex]P_{2}[/tex] = ?

According to Gay Lussac law, at constant volume the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature.

Formula used to calculate the pressure is as follows.

[tex]\frac{P_{1}}{T_{1}} = \frac{P_{2}}{T_{2}}\\[/tex]

Substitute the values into above formula is as follows.

[tex]\frac{P_{1}}{T_{1}} = \frac{P_{2}}{T_{2}}\\\frac{0.3 atm}{178 K} = \frac{P_{2}}{278 K}\\P_{2} = 0.468 atm[/tex]

Thus, we can conclude that the approximate pressure of the gas after it is heated to 278 K is 0.468 atm.