In which layer of the atmosphere does the aurora borealis form? O A. The troposphere OB. The mesosphere O C. The thermosphere O D. The stratosphere SUBM
Answer:
The Thermosphere
Explanation:
Just took the test on A P E X, it's right. Hope this helps :)
Aurora Borealis forms in the thermosphere layer of the atmosphere. Therefore, option "C" is correct.
What are the different layers of the atmosphere?The atmosphere is made up of different layers which protect the life on Earth and make it habitable. There are four layers of the atmosphere troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere.
In the troposphere, the temperature rises from bottom to top. The ozone layer is present in the stratosphere. This is also known as the flying zone as no clouds are present in this layer. In the mesosphere, the air is much colder as there are gas molecules present that absorb solar radiation whereas the density of molecules in the thermosphere is very low.
The atmospheric layers protect the life on Earth.
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Which statement best describes the movement of sodium ions across the cell membrane?
They are hydrophilic, so their movement needs to be facilitated by transport proteins.
They are hydrophobic, so their movement needs to be facilitated by transport proteins.
They are hydrophilic, so they easily pass across the cell membrane on their own.
They are hydrophobic, so they easily pass across the cell membrane on their own.
Answer: A. They are hydrophilic, so their movement needs to be facilitated by transported proteins.
Explanation:
example of antagonistic effects of dual innervation?
Question 25 of 25
Einstein's theory of general relativity was published in 1916. It became fully
accepted by scientists in the 1960s and is currently the best explanation of
gravity. Why did it take so long to become an accepted scientific theory?
A. The scientific community requires a certain amount of time before
a theory can be accepted.
B. Einstein's theory was difficult for many people to understand.
C. More evidence needed to be gathered to validate the ideas in the
theory
D. No scientific laws could be found to validate the theory.
SUBMIT
Answer:
B. Einstein's theory was difficult for many people to understand.
Explanation:
Einstein’s theory of general Relativity was largely Ignored for three decades because scientists at the time thought the theory was too complex compared to Newton's.
Therefore, it took long before the general science community accepted Einstein's theory of general relativity because Einstein's theory was difficult for many people to understand.
"B. Einstein's theory was difficult for many people to understand."
D. More evidence needed to be gathered to validate the ideas in the theory.
How are humans affected by population growth of other organisms in anarea?
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
other organisms include things such as plants, insects and animals which can play a large role in the population. For example, if you have a sudden rise in the population of misquitoes that can be really bad since they can spread diseases to people when they are sucking blood. Antoher example is if there is a sudden growth of animals that eats a certain crop, then farmers will stuggle to maintain their crops and the list goes on. Hope this helps :)
Describe the importance of the intrinsic muscles in the hand as you reach to turn a
doorknob.
Answer:
Finger kinematics during grasp were measured on 5 cadaveric hands. To simulate finger flexion, the FDP was activated by a motor while intrinsic muscles were loaded at various levels (0, 125, 250, 375 or 500g). Finger movement was characterized by the order of metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and distal interphalangeal joint flexion and by the maximal fingertip-to-palm distance during finger closure.
Results
Without any intrinsic muscle contribution (0g load), FDP activation resulted in flexion of all 3 joints, whereby flexion began at the proximal interphalangeal joint, followed by distal interphalangeal joint and then metacarpophalangeal joint. With increasing intrinsic muscle load, finger flexion was initiated at the metacarpophalangeal joint, followed by the proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints. This altered joint flexion order resulted in a larger maximal fingertip-to-palm distance during finger flexion. The difference between the 2 extreme conditions (0g vs. 500g of intrinsic muscle load) was 19mm.
Discussion
These findings demonstrate that simultaneous activation of the FDP and the intrinsic muscles results in an apparently more functional hand closing compared to FDP activation alone because of altered kinematics and larger fingertip-to-palm distances.
Clinical Relevance
These findings suggest that intrinsic muscle balancing during reconstruction of grasp in tetraplegic patients may improve function. Keywords: grasp, hand, intrinsic muscles, tendon transfer, tetraplegia
Go to:
Introduction
Regaining arm and hand function has been identified as the highest priority for persons with tetraplegia.1,2 Recovering even partial function can have an enormous impact on independence, which enhances quality of life.3 Restoration of finger flexion is an achievable goal in reconstructive surgery of many tetraplegic hands. It can be performed if both the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis are fully innervated, in which case the extensor carpi radialis longus is transferred to the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP),4 which enables patients to grasp and hold objects. However, by restoring FDP function only, fingertips coming into full flexion approach the bases of the fingers rather than the center of the palm.5 This happens because finger flexion begins at the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, and fingers curl into flexion rather than following a large arc, which would provide a broad sweeping movement.6 The roll-up finger flexion tends to push large objects out of grasp5 and is therefore considered less functional in daily life.
In normal hand function, the intrinsic muscles, both the lumbricals and interosseus muscles balance finger movement7 and create this broad sweeping movement. Besides abducting and adducting the fingers, they are responsible for coupling metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) flexion with interphalangeal joints (IP) extension.8,9 For 2-dimensional finger movement during grasp, the lumbricals and the interossei provide the same function, as shown by Leijnse et al.10 Since their function is redundant in the sagittal plane, we refer to them as 1 entity, the intrinsics. Intrinsic function is so important that even when patients have neither functional intrinsic muscle nor a sufficient number of transferable muscles to reconstruct them with an active tendon transfer, passive tenodeses are used to substitute for intrinsic muscle function.11,12
We characterize functional hand movement for tetraplegic persons as a large fingertip-to-palm distance during flexion because this enables them to grasp objects of varying sizes and shapes necessary for activities of daily life. The exact contribution of the intrinsic muscles to this function is incompletely understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify the role of intrinsic muscle force in creating a functional grasp. We hypothesized that increasing intrinsic muscle contribution would result in a more functional grasp.
Explanation: i hope this helps plz tell me if its wrong so i can fix it :)
The intrinsic muscles, including the lumbricals and interventions ” muscles, balance hand movements and provide this broad sweeping motion in normal hand function.
Define intrinsic muscles.The intrinsic muscles define the arch of the hands, twist the knuckles, and resist with the thumbs.
The intrinsic muscles, including the lumbricals and interventions ” muscles, balance hand movements and provide this broad sweeping motion in normal hand function. They are able to bridge metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) flex with interphalangeal joint (IP) extension, in addition to abducting and adducting the fingers.
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What makes bottleneck dolphins such “ingenious fishermen”?
How do convection currents cause the motion of tectonic plates??
Answer:
These tectonic plates rest upon the convecting mantle, which causes them to move. The movements of these plates can account for noticeable geologic events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and more subtle yet sublime events, like the building of mountains.
Explanation:
When you stop growing, your cells stop dividing.
True
False
Help please
Answer:
Absolutely not mitosis and meiosis don't stop until your heart stops beating.
It is false that When you stop growing, your cells stop dividing.
When you stop growing, it does not mean that all your cells stop dividing. In fact, cells in the human body continue to divide and replenish throughout life, albeit at different rates depending on the type of cell.
The human body is composed of various cell types that have different lifespans and rates of cell division. For example, cells in the skin, gastrointestinal lining, and blood undergo continuous division and turnover to replace old or damaged cells. These tissues are constantly renewing themselves.
However, some cells, such as neurons in the brain and muscle cells, have limited or no capacity for cell division after a certain stage of development. These cells primarily grow in size rather than dividing to create new cells. Therefore, not all cells in the body continue to divide once growth stops.
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The movement of glucose across the membrane through facilitated diffusion is a form of passive transport because
Answer:
Explanation:
Glucose is a 6 carbon sugar molecule that provides energy needed by cells. Since glucose is a large molecule, it is difficult to be transported across the membrane through simple diffusion. Therefore, it diffuses across membranes through facilitated diffusion down the concentration gradient.
bird is to fly as snail is to
Answer:
slither
Explanation:
Consumer surplus is the area
Answer:
what's the question????
A substance from food that the body uses for growth, repair and energy. PLZ HELP
1. Fiber
2. saturated fat
3. amino acid
4. unsaturated fat
Monotremes are pouches animals that live in Australia or New Zealand
Answer:
true
Explanation:
Humans, plants and mushrooms are all alive. What do these organisms have in common?
Answer:
They are all made of cells, grow, are living, and reproduce.
Explanation:
its true
write the difference between Power and energy
Answer: Energy is what makes change happen and can be transferred form one object to another. Power is the rate at which energy is transferred.
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Answer:
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Explanation:
tgffgb t cook ha ha ha oh g civic guy the h
You remove pus from a wound and try to identify the pathogen multiple ways. The multi-locus gene tree showed your organism was most closely related to Streptococcus pyogenes but the 16S tree said it was most closely related to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Describe why this might be the case and other ways you should try to identify this organism.
Answer:
It occurs because phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences may have insufficient resolution for distinguishing between closely related species
Another genomic method for streptococcal identification is whole-genome analysis (WGS)
Explanation:
The phylogenetic analysis of the highly conserved 16S rRNA gene sequences has recently been used to distinguish between prokaryotic species. However, this gene sometimes may show low resolution to distinguish between closely related species, and it has been suggested potential horizontal transference of rRNA genes. Moreover, multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) has also been used to identify species. MLSA analysis consists of analyzing simultaneously different genes and this technique has shown to have a high capacity for establishing relationships between species within a genus or genera within a family. Finally, whole-genome analysis (WGS) is the most powerful tool for distinguishing between closely species. WGS is a technique that provides a very high resolution which is based on the analysis of large-scale genome sequencing data generated by next sequencing generation (NGS) technologies.
Except for a pairing of sex chromosomes, homologous
chromosomes_______.
a. carry the same genes
b. are the same shape
c. are the same length
d. all of the above
Answer:
Homologous chromosomes carry the same genes and have the same shape and length, so all the choices are correct.
Explanation:
The homologous chromosomes are so called because each of them has the same DNA molecule, giving rise to the same genes, distributed in the same location within the chromosome.
Somatic cells are diploid, which means that the genetic information that determines specific characteristics is distributed in pairs. Each of the chromosomes that form a pair comes from the father and mother, and the members of a pair are known as homologous chromosomes.
The homologous chromosomes are characterized by having the same shape and size, and contain the same genes, although the information contained in them —the alleles— may be different. Hence the possibility that one allele is dominant and another recessive on two chromosomes of a pair.
Which means of particle transport is shown in Figure 7–4 below?
The figure shows the inside of a cell, the cell membrane, and the outside of the cell. Inside the cell, 15 spheres are labeled “high concentration.” Outside the cell, three spheres are labeled “low concentration.” A sphere enters a figure labeled “transport protein” that spans the cell membrane. An arrow shows that the sphere is moving from outside of the cell into the cell. A lightning bolt-shaped arrow is labeled “energy” and points to the transport protein.• A shaded hemisphere is shown at the top of the illustration titled 'Inside of Cell.' In the hemisphere are sixteen small spheres labeled 'High Concentration.'
• At the bottom of the illustration is the label 'Outside of Cell' on the unshaded part of the image. There are three small spheres labeled 'Low Concentration' in this area.
• A curvy horseshoe looking shape labeled 'Transport Protein' is shown entering the inside of the cell and has an upward arrow labeled on it.
• A small sphere is at the bottom of the curvy horseshoe shape with a jagged arrow next to it labeled 'Energy.'
A. diffusion
B. osmosis
C. facilitated diffusion
D. active transport
Answer:
The answer is D
Explanation:
What do some scientists today believe causes more adaptations' competition or environmental changes?
Answer:
According to an April study, table corals (Acropora hyacinthus) can adapt to resist bleaching in warmer waters. On Ofu Island in American Samoa, A. hyacinthus lives in both hot and cool pools. In the lab, researchers tested corals from both environments to see how they reacted to increased heat.
Explanation:
i dont really know i tried
Some scientists today believe that adaptations are more caused or provoked by the fact of competition.
What is meant by Adaptation?Adaptation may be defined as the process that significantly involves the modification of internal and external attributes of organisms that makes them fit for survival and reproduction in the natural environment.
Competition is because of the fact that as the diversity of organisms increases, the resource limits remarkably enable the organisms to activate the mechanism of competition. Due to this, each and every species makes itself superior in order to make their survival in the natural environment.
Therefore, some scientists today believe that adaptations are more caused or provoked by the fact of competition.
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Is the cladogram pictured here correct? Does it accurately represent the cladistic relationships between these species based on their derived characteristics? Why or why not?
Answer:
The cladogram is correct. The further explanation is given below.
Explanation:
As with most other species excluding lamprey, paired arms and legs are established. In any organism except lamprey as well as tuna, paired legs become available. Throughout all animals, except lampreys, tuna, certain bullfrogs, the amniotic membrane seems to be preserved. In kangaroos, rhesus monkeys including people, mammary glands were only ever available. The placenta has only been found throughout rhesus monkeys and also in humans. Foramen magnum forward will be exclusively found in humans.what is photosynthesisi
Answer:
Photosynthesis is the process used by plants, algae, and certain bacteria to harness energy from sunlight and turn it into chemical energy.
Answer:
the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduc
is a dragon fly a insect
Answer:
Yes
I hope this helps!
What is one way to add oxygen to the atmosphere?
Answer:
Plants use sunlight and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen through the process of photosynthesis.
Explanation:
They are the main creators of the oxygen in the atmosphere.
How is sediment formed?
A. Loose material is cemented by pressure.
B. Chemical changes cause sediment to compact together.
C. Molten rock cools above Earth’s surface.
D. Weathering breaks down rock and other material.
Thank you for whoever helps :)
Answer: D. Weathering breaks down rock and other material
Explanation:
Because weathering/erosion cause rocks to break down into tiny sediments over time
List the 4 critical elements that were discussed in class to ensure that you are properly performing an underhand throw.
Answer:
si
Explanation:
Which statement best expresses a basic scientific assumption?
To play soccer,what type of energy is needed by your muscles so they will function properly?
A. Electromagnetic
B. Nuclear
C. Chemical
Answer:
Chemical
Explanation:
the human body runs off of chemical interactions
In your own words what are the definitions of:
Geological Oceanography
Physical Oceanography
Chemical Oceanography
Biological Oceanography
Answer: Oceanography is the study of all aspects of the ocean. Oceanography covers a wide range of topics, from marine life and ecosystems to currents and waves, the movement of sediments, and seafloor geology Geological oceanography is the study of Earth beneath the oceans.
Physical oceanography is the study of physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of ocean waters. Physical oceanography is one of several sub-domains into which oceanography is divided. Others include biological, chemical and geological oceanography.
Chemical oceanography is a broad and complex study of the metamorphosis that the chemicals within oceans, living marine organisms, and the ocean floor undergo. The ocean contains a multitude of chemicals; some are natural, and others are man-made. These chemicals enter the sea in a number of ways.
Biological oceanography is a field of study that seeks to understand what controls the distribution and abundance of different types of marine life, and how living organisms influence and interact with processes in the oceans.
P.s Hope it helped ^^