Answer:
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between butanoic acid and ethanol to produce ethyl butyrate is:
CH3CH2CH2COOH + C2H5OH → CH3CH2CH2COOC2H5 + H2O
From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of butanoic acid reacts with 1 mole of ethanol to produce 1 mole of ethyl butyrate and 1 mole of water. The molar mass of butanoic acid is 88.11 g/mol and the molar mass of ethyl butyrate is 116.16 g/mol.
To find out how many grams of ethyl butyrate can be produced from 8.55 g of butanoic acid, we first need to determine how many moles of butanoic acid are present:
moles of butanoic acid = mass / molar mass = 8.55 g / 88.11 g/mol = 0.097 mol
Since the reaction has a yield of 78.0%, we can calculate the theoretical yield of ethyl butyrate as follows:
theoretical yield = moles of butanoic acid × (1 mol ethyl butyrate / 1 mol butanoic acid) × 78.0%
= 0.097 mol × 1 × 0.78
= 0.0757 mol
Finally, we can calculate the actual mass of ethyl butyrate produced using its molar mass:
mass of ethyl butyrate = moles of ethyl butyrate × molar mass
= 0.0757 mol × 116.16 g/mol
= 8.80 g
Therefore, from 8.55 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, the chemist can produce 8.80 g of ethyl butyrate with the more efficient catalyst.
What happens to the electric current in a series circuit when voltage decreases
A crazy person breaks into the school and starts randomly mixing chemical solutions together.
They combine a 0.7 M solution with a volume of 800 mL, a 1 M solution with a volume of 300 mL, and a 1.9 M solution with a volume of 860 mL into a large container. Assuming the final product doesn't blow up, what will the final solution's molarity be?
When a painter's oil paint becomes too thick, he has to thin it with a _________.
O a. medium of turpentine
O b.medium of water
O c.medium of linseed oil
O d. vehicle of turpentine
O e. vehicle of linseed oil
Answer:
O a. medium of turpentine
A car is sitting motionless on top of a bridge. The bridge pushes up on the car with a force of 782 Newtons. What force must gravity pull down on the car with in order to break the bridge?
The force that gravity must pull down on the car in order to break the bridge must be greater than 782 N.
What is Newton's third law of motion?Newton's third law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that when an object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force back on the first object.
In other words, if object A pushes or pulls on object B, object B will push or pull back on object A with the same force, but in the opposite direction. This law applies to all objects in the universe, whether they are stationary or in motion.
For this question, the force that the car must apply on the bridge to break must be greater than 782 N.
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Why is carbon found in so many different compounds?
Answer:
Carbon is found in so many different compounds due to its unique ability to form four covalent bonds with other atoms, including other carbon atoms. This means that carbon can bond with a wide variety of elements, including hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and many others, allowing it to form an enormous number of different compounds.
Furthermore, the strength of carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-heteroatom bonds allows for the formation of long chains and rings of carbon atoms, which can lead to the formation of many complex and diverse molecules, including those found in living organisms. The ability of carbon to form such a wide variety of bonds and structures makes it an extremely versatile and important element in chemistry and biology.
Explanation:
Which of the following describes the process of nuclear fusion, as it occurs inside our sun?
D. Helium atoms are created when hydrogen atoms unite.
Nuclear fusion is the process in which two or more atom nuclei join together, or "fuse," to form a single heavier nucleus. This process is what powers the sun and other stars, and it is the same process that is being researched for potential use as an energy source on Earth. In the sun, the process of nuclear fusion involves the combining of hydrogen atoms to make helium atoms.When two or more atomic nuclei join, one or more new atomic nuclei and subatomic particles are created. This reaction is known as nuclear fusion. Energy is released or absorbed depending on how much mass the reactants and products have in common.
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complete question:Which of the following describes the process of nuclear fusion, as it occurs inside our sun?
A Hydrogen and oxygen atoms combine to make water molecules.
B Helium atoms split apart to form hydrogen atoms.
C Water molecules break apart into hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
D Hydrogen atoms combine to make helium atoms.
cómo saber cuántos atomos de oxígeno tiene una equacion?
How to know how many oxygen atoms has an equation?
Count the number of oxygen atoms on both sides of the equation and compare them. The number of oxygen atoms should be equal on both sides of a balanced equation.
What are oxygen atoms?The chemical substance oxygen has a number in the atomic structure of 8. (it has eight protons in its nucleus). At common temperatures and pressures, oxygen turns into the chemical substance (O2) of two atoms, which is a colorless gas.
What is O3 called?Three oxygen molecules (O3) combine to form the odorless, colorless gas known as ozone, that occurs naturally in the atmosphere. Both the higher atmosphere of the Earth, known as the stratosphere, and the lower atmosphere, known as the troposphere, can contain it.
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5. A company uses a substance that is a solid under normal conditions. This substance will be used in extreme conditions, which could make the substance’s molecules move faster and cause a phase change. How would this phase change occur, and how would the molecules of the substance be affected under these extreme conditions?
Energy would be transferred . . .
Answer:
The shift often happens when heat is applied or removed at a specific temperature
Explanation:
PLEASE MARK ME BRANLY TY HAVE A GREAT DAY!
An oxygen atom has 8 protons and 8 neutrons. How many electrons does it have?
An οxygen atοm has 8 prοtοns and 8 neutrοns. It alsο has 8 electrοns.
The number οf prοtοns in an atοm is equal tο the atοmic number, which is 8 fοr an οxygen atοm. Therefοre, the number οf electrοns must equal the number οf prοtοns, which is 8.
What is Atοm?An atοm is the smallest unit οf matter that still retains the prοperties οf an element. Atοms are cοmpοsed οf a nucleus surrοunded by a clοud οf negatively charged electrοns. The nucleus cοntains pοsitively charged prοtοns and electrically neutral neutrοns.
What is atοmic number?The atοmic number is the number οf prοtοns in the nucleus οf an atοm. It is used tο identify an element, as each element has a unique atοmic number. Fοr example, the atοmic number οf οxygen is 8, as οxygen atοms cοntain 8 prοtοns in their nucleus.
What are electrοn?Electrοns are negatively charged particles that οrbit the nucleus οf an atοm. Electrοns determine the chemical prοperties οf an atοm, as they fοrm bοnds with οther atοms. The number οf electrοns in an atοm is equal tο the number οf prοtοns, as atοms must have a neutral charge.
An οxygen atοm has 8 prοtοns, 8 neutrοns, and 8 electrοns. The atοmic number οf οxygen is 8, which is equal tο the number οf prοtοns, and the number οf electrοns is equal tο the number οf prοtοns.
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What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?
A. We can know either the speed (momentum) or location, but not both at the same time.
B. We cannot ever know the speed (momentum) or location of the electron.
C. We can know only the speed (momentum) of the electron, but never the location.
D. We can know only the location of the electron, but never the speed (momentum).
Answer:
b option is correct
Explanation:
we cannot ever know the speed and location of the electron
Consider the conversion of oxegen O2 to ozone O3.
3O2 -> 2O3
What is the theoretical yeild of O3 in grams from 305g of O2?
What is the percent yeild of the reaction actually gives u 111 g of O3?
The reaction has a 36.43% percent yield. This suggests that part of the reactants were not transformed into products and that the reaction did not proceed to its full potential.
What is moles ?The mole, which is denoted by the symbol "mol," is the volume of a system that has the same number of atoms as there are in 0.012 kilo grammes of carbon 12.
The chemical equation for converting [tex]O_{2}[/tex] to [tex]O_{3}[/tex] is as follows:[tex]O_{3}[/tex]
3[tex]O_{2}[/tex] ⇒ 2[tex]O_{3}[/tex]
From above we can conclude that the equation that 3 moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] react to create 2 moles of [tex]O_{3}[/tex].
By applying the the mole ratio and molar mass of [tex]O_{3}[/tex],
the theoretical yield of O3 will be-
[tex]O_{3}[/tex] mol mass = 3 x O mol mass = 3 x 16.00 g/mol = 48.00 g/mol.
o find the number of moles of O2, we can use the formula:
moles = [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]
moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{305 g}{32.00}[/tex] g/mol = 9.53 mol
What is theoretical yield ?The theoretical yield of [tex]O_{3}[/tex] from the balanced equation using the following formula:
Moles of [tex]O_{3}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{2}{3}[/tex] x moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{2}{3}[/tex] x 9.53 mol = 6.35 mol
Mass of O3 = moles of [tex]O_{3}[/tex] x molar mass of [tex]O_{3}[/tex]
= 6.35 mol x 48.00 g/mol = 304.80 g
= 304.80 g.
Percent yield = ([tex]\frac{actual yield}{ theoretical yield}[/tex]) x 100%
Given that the actual yield = 111 g
Percent yield = ([tex]\frac{111 g }{304.80 g}[/tex]) x 100%
= 36.43%
Use the following periodic table to help you.
What is the best name for CaBr 2?
Use this media to help you complete the question.
Answer:
The answer is Calcium bromide
Can you fit one mole of people into a classroom? why or why not?
(stoichiometry)
No, it is not possible to fit one mole of people into a classroom.
What is one mole of a substance?One mole of anything is defined as the amount of that substance that contains the same number of particles as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12. This number is known as Avogadro's number and is equal to approximately 6.022 x 10²³.
Assuming that one person has an average mass of 70 kilograms, the mass of one mole of people would be approximately 70 kilograms x 6.022 x 10²³, which is equal to about 4.2 x 10²⁵ kilograms.
Clearly, this is an enormous mass, far too large to fit into any classroom or even any building on Earth. Therefore, it is not possible to fit one mole of people into a classroom.
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Answer:
One mole of people is 6.02x1023 people. That’s more people than there are in the entire world which is estimated to be about 7x109 people. So clearly the answer is NO.
Explanation:
how many molecules of PCI5 are in 77.4g PCI5
To determine the number of molecules of PCI5, we need to use the following steps:
Convert the given mass of PCI5 to moles using the molar mass of PCI5.
Use Avogadro's number to convert the number of moles to molecules.
The molar mass of PCI5 can be calculated as follows:
P = 1 x 30.97 = 30.97
C = 1 x 12.01 = 12.01
I = 5 x 126.90 = 634.50
Molar mass of PCI5 = 30.97 + 12.01 + 634.50 = 677.48 g/mol
Mass to moles:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = 77.4 g / 677.48 g/mol
moles = 0.114 moles
Moles to molecules:
One mole of any substance contains 6.022 x 10^23 particles (Avogadro's number).
Number of molecules = moles x Avogadro's number
Number of molecules = 0.114 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 mol^-1
Number of molecules = 6.87 x 10^22 molecules
Therefore, there are 6.87 x 10^22 molecules of PCI5 in 77.4g of PCI5.
Liquid hexane will react with gaseous oxygen to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water . Suppose 46. g of hexane is mixed with 66.1 g of oxygen. Calculate the minimum mass of hexane that could be left over by the chemical reaction. Round your answer to significant digits.
To determine the minimum mass of hexane that could be left over by the chemical reaction, we need to first balance the chemical equation:
2 C₆H₁₄ + 19 O₂ → 12 CO₂ + 14 H₂O
From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of hexane react with 19 moles of oxygen to produce 12 moles of carbon dioxide and 14 moles of water.
Next, we need to calculate the number of moles of hexane and oxygen in the given masses:
Number of moles of hexane = 46. g / 86.18 g/mol = 0.533 mol
Number of moles of oxygen = 66.1 g / 32.00 g/mol = 2.066 mol
To determine the limiting reactant, we need to compare the number of moles of each reactant to their respective stoichiometric coefficients. The stoichiometric coefficient for hexane is 2, and the coefficient for oxygen is 19/2 = 9.5.
Since the number of moles of oxygen is greater than the number of moles required for the reaction (9.5 times the number of moles of hexane), oxygen is in excess and hexane is the limiting reactant.
Using the balanced equation, we can calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide and water produced:
Number of moles of carbon dioxide = 0.533 mol × (12 mol CO2 / 2 mol hexane) = 3.198 mol CO₂
Number of moles of water = 0.533 mol × (14 mol H2O / 2 mol hexane) = 3.731 mol H₂O
Finally, we can use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to calculate the number of moles of hexane that react completely:
Number of moles of hexane that react = 0.533 mol
Therefore, the minimum mass of hexane that could be left over is:
Mass of hexane left over = (0.533 mol) × (86.18 g/mol) = 45.9 g
Rounding to three significant digits, the minimum mass of hexane that could be left over is 45.9 g.
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Gaseous Ammonia can be injected into the exhaust stream of a coal-burning power plant to reduce the pollutant NO to N2 according to the following reaction: 4NH3(g)+4NO(g)⇒4N2(g)+6H2O(g)
Suppose that the exhaust stream of a power plant has a flow rate of 335L/s at a temperature of 955 K, and that the exhaust contains a partial pressure of NO of 21.8 torr.
What should be the flow rate of ammonia delivered at 765 torr and 298 K into the stream to react completely with the NO if the ammonia is 65.4% pure (by volume)?
Therefore, the flow rate of ammonia that should be delivered into the stream is 6.34 x 10⁶ L/s.
What is concentration?Concentration refers to the amount of a substance that is dissolved or present in a given volume or mass of a solution or mixture. It is usually expressed as the amount of solute per unit of solvent or solution. There are different ways to express concentration, including molarity, molality, mass percentage, volume percentage, and parts per million (ppm), among others. Concentration is an important parameter in many fields, including chemistry, biochemistry, environmental science, and engineering.
Here,
To solve this problem, we need to use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of NO in the exhaust stream, and then use stoichiometry to determine how much ammonia is required to react completely with the NO. First, let's use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of NO in the exhaust stream:
PV = nRT
where P is the partial pressure of NO, V is the volume of the exhaust stream, n is the number of moles of NO, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature of the exhaust stream.
We can rearrange this equation to solve for n:
n = PV/RT
Plugging in the values given in the problem, we get:
n(NO) = (21.8 torr) (335 L/s) / (0.08206 L·atm/mol·K) (955 K)
n(NO) = 972.4 mol/s
Now let's use stoichiometry to determine how much ammonia is required to react completely with the NO. According to the balanced chemical equation, 4 moles of NH₃ react with 4 moles of NO:
4NH₃(g) + 4NO(g) → 4N₂(g) + 6H₂O(g)
So the number of moles of NH₃ required is equal to the number of moles of NO, or:
n(NH₃) = n(NO) = 972.4 mol/s
However, the ammonia delivered to the stream is only 65.4% pure, so we need to calculate the actual flow rate of ammonia required to deliver this many moles of NH₃.
Let's first calculate the number of moles of ammonia that would be present in 1 L of the ammonia solution:
n(NH₃) = (65.4/100) (765 torr / 760 torr) (1 L) / (0.08206 L·atm/mol·K) (298 K)
n(NH3) = 0.0270 mol/L
Now we can use this value to calculate the flow rate of ammonia required:
Flow rate of ammonia = n(NH₃) / molarity of ammonia solution x purity of ammonia solution
Flow rate of ammonia = 972.4 mol/s / (0.0270 mol/L) / (65.4/100)
Flow rate of ammonia = 6.34 x 10⁶ L/s
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Calculate the amount of heat absorbed or released by the following substances: 0.19g of lead,
T = 93.3°C
The equation q = mcT, where m is the mass of the sample, c is the specific heat, and T is the temperature change, can be used to determine how much heat is gained or lost by a sample (q).
What is an illustration of heat absorption?A process that absorbs energy from its surroundings, typically in the form of heat, is said to be endothermic. The melting of an ice cube is one illustration.
How much energy is lost when one gramme of ice melts completely at absolute zero degrees?The amount of energy needed to melt 1 g of ice at 0 °C is 334 J, often known as the latent heat of melting. Liquid water has 334 J g-1 greater energy at absolute zero.
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Givens
Molar mass H2SO4 = 98.07 g/mol
Molar mass Li3PO4 = 115.78 g/mol
3H2SO4 + 2Li3PO4 --> 2H3PO4 + 3Li2SO4
If 44 g H2SO4 need to react, how many grams of Li3PO4 need to be used?
34.57 grams of Li3PO4 are required to react 44 g of H2SO4, in this case.
How do you figure out how much Li3PO4 you need to use?H2SO4 mass divided by its molar mass yields the number of moles of H2SO4: 44 g divided by 98.07 g/mol, or 0.4484 mol.
Li3PO4 moles equal (2/3) x H2SO4 moles equal (2/3) x 0.4484 mol = 0.2989 mol.
Using its molar mass, we can finally get the mass of Li3PO4 needed in grams:
Li3PO4 necessary mass equals number of moles times the molar mass of Li3PO4 (0.2989 mol times 115.78 g/mol equals 34.57 g).
As a result, 44 g of H2SO4 must be utilized in the reaction along with 34.57 g of Li3PO4.
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Calculate gibbs free energy at 298 K for the reaction CaCO3(s) yields CaO(s) + CO2(g) when H equals 178.8 kJ and S=161 J/K
The Gibbs free energy at 298 K for the given reaction is 130.822 KJ
How do i determine the Gibbs free energy for the reaction?The Gibbs free energy for a given reaction is given by the following formula:
ΔG = ΔH – TΔS
Where
ΔG is the Gibbs free energy ΔH is the enthalpy changeT is the temperature ΔS is the change in entropyWith the above formula, we can determine the Gibbs free energy for the reaction in the above question as follow:
Temperature (T) = 298 KEnthalpy change (ΔH) = 178.8 KJChange of entropy (ΔS) = 161 J/K = 161 / 1000 = 0.161 KJ/KGibbs free energy =?ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
ΔG = 178.8 - (298 × 0.161)
ΔG = 178.8 - 47.978
ΔG = 130.822 KJ
Thus, the Gibbs free energy is 130.822 KJ
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Provide the equation for the hydrolysis of propyl propanoate. Provide the equation for the hydrolysis N, N-dimethyl propanamide.
IF POSSIBLE MUST BE DONE ASAP.
(a) The hydrolysis reaction of propyl propanoate is written as CH₃CH₂COOCH₂CH₂CH₃ + H₂O → CH₃CH₂COOH + CH₃CH₂CH₂OH.
(b) The hydrolysis reaction of N, N-dimethyl propanamide is written as (CH₃)₂NC(CH₃)₂ + H₂O → CH₃CH₂COOH + (CH₃)₂NH.
What is the formula for the hydrolysis reaction ?The hydrolysis reaction of propyl propanoate can be represented by the following equation:
Propyl propanoate + Water → Propanoic acid + 1-Propanol
CH₃CH₂COOCH₂CH₂CH₃ + H₂O → CH₃CH₂COOH + CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
The hydrolysis reaction of N, N-dimethyl propanamide can be represented by the following equation:
N, N-dimethyl propanamide + Water → Propanoic acid + Dimethylamine
(CH₃)₂NC(CH₃)₂ + H₂O → CH₃CH₂COOH + (CH₃)₂NH
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Which of the following electron models is the one currently accepted by modern science?
A.) Dalton's Billiard Ball.
B.) Thomson's Plum Pudding Model.
C.) Schrodinger's Quantum Mechanical Model.
D.) Rutherford-Bohr Planetary Model.
C.) Schrodinger's Quantum Mechanical Model is the electron model currently accepted by modern science. This model is based on the principles of quantum mechanics, which describe the behavior of particles at the atomic and subatomic level.
What is Electron?
An electron is a subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge. It is one of the three fundamental particles that make up atoms, along with protons and neutrons. Electrons are much smaller than protons and neutrons, and they orbit around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons play a crucial role in chemical reactions, since they determine the chemical properties of atoms and molecules.
It represents electrons as probability clouds or orbitals, rather than as discrete particles following classical trajectories. This model has been successful in explaining the behavior of electrons in atoms and molecules, and has led to many important discoveries in modern physics and chemistry.
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HELP ME PLEASE. I REALLY WANT TO KNOW CHEMISTRY BUT I NEED HELP. SOME KIND SOUL PLEASE.
The limiting reactant is CH4. This is because the number of moles of CH4 is 4.44mol, while the number of moles of water is 0.86mol. The number of moles of hydrogen produced from the reaction is 8.88mol.
What is hydrogen?Hydrogen is a chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the most abundant element in the universe, making up about 75% of the universe's elemental mass. Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas, which is the most basic and simplest of all elements. It is a highly flammable, light, and combustible gas and burns with a pale blue flame. Hydrogen is a component of water, which is composed of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. In addition, it is found in many organic compounds and is used in the production of ammonia, methanol, and hydrochloric acid
This means that there are not enough moles of water to completely react with the CH4. Therefore, the limiting reactant is CH4.
The number of liters of hydrogen produced from the reaction of 80.0 g of CH4 and 16.3 g of water is 16.3 L. This is because the number of moles of hydrogen produced is 8.88mol, and at STP the volume of 1mol of a gas is 22.4L. Therefore, the volume of 8.88mol of hydrogen is 8.88 x 22.4L = 197.3L. Since the total volume of gas produced is 197.3L and 16.3g of water was used in the reaction, the amount of hydrogen produced is 16.3L.
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CAN SOMEONE HELP WITH THIS QUESTION?✨ Based on the first table, answer the second image.
Commercial preparation of copper(II) chloride involves chlorinating copper. When chlorine gas and copper are combined directly at red heat (300–400°C), the result is (molten) copper (II) chloride.
How is copper chloride prepared?By reducing copper(II) ions in the presence of chloride ions, copper(I) chloride can be created. Potential techniques include boiling a solution of copper sulfate, sodium chloride, and ascorbic acid, or bubbling sulfur dioxide through an aqueous solution of copper(II) chloride.
Creating copper(I) chloride, often known as CuCl. Creating copper(I) chloride by reducing copper(II) chloride with sulfite ions when chloride ions are present is the intended result. Students should be able to: Identify and store inorganic compounds with unstable oxidation states at the conclusion of this lesson.
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Chemistry Help Please!
1. Use the reaction to answer the following question.
MgCl₂ + 2NaOH → Mg(OH)₂ + 2NaCl
a. What mass of sodium hydroxide would be required to produce
16.0 grams of magnesium hydroxide?
b. How many moles of magnesium chloride would be need to
produce 16.0 grams?
2. What volume of 0.08892 M HNO₃ is required to react completely with
0.2352 grams of potassium hydrogen phosphate (K₂HPO₄)?
2HNO₃(aq) + K₂HPO₄(aq) → H₃PO₄(aq) + 2KNO₃(aq)
3. Joseph Priestly was the first scientist to be able to prepare pure oxygen
gas. He did this by heating mercuric oxide as shown in the reaction
below. Answer the question related to the reaction.
2HgO(ₛ) → 2Hg(l) + O₂ (g)
a. What volume of oxygen gas would be produced at STP through
the decomposition of 5.36 grams of HgO? It is not collected over
water!
b. What volume of oxygen gas would be produced at 23o
and 0.975
atm by the decomposition of 5.36 grams of HgO?
c. What volume of oxygen gas would be collected over water at
23oC and 0.975 atm by the decomposition of 5.36 grams of HgO?
4. Use this reaction to answer the questions.
Ca(OH)₂(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l)
a. How many grams of water will form through the reaction of 550 mL of
2.5 M HCl and an excess amount of Ca(OH)₂?
b. How many grams of calcium chloride will form if 250 mL of 2.0 M Ca(OH)₂ reacts with 350mL of 2.5 M HCl? Make sure to determine the limiting reagent.
Caustic soda or lye are two other names for sodium hydroxide. It is a typical ingredient in detergents and cleansers. Sodium hydroxide is a colorless, odorless solid at ambient temperature.
What are sodium hydroxide uses?Lye and caustic soda are other names for sodium hydroxide, a chemical substance with the formula NaOH. It is a whitish, solid ionic substance made up of the cations sodium (Na+) and the anions hydroxide (OH).
At normal atmospheric temps, sodium hydroxide, an extremely corrosive base and alkali, breaks down proteins and can result in serious chemical burns. It easily draws moisture and carbon dioxide from the air due to its high water solubility. It produces a string of NaOH-nH2O hydrates. From water solutions, the monohydrate NaOHH2O crystallizes between 12.3 and 61.8 °C. This monohydrate is frequently the "sodium hydroxide" sold professionally, and it may be used in published statistics instead of the anhydrous substance.
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how many many grams of o2 would be contained in 14.0l balloon at 0.25atm and 73⁰c
There are approximately 6.13 grams of O2 in the 14.0 L balloon at 0.25 atm and 73⁰C.
How to calculate the number of grams of O2 in a 14.0 L balloon at 0.25 atm and 73⁰CFirst we can use the Ideal Gas Law equation:
PV = nRT
Where
P is the pressureV is the volume n is the number of molesR is the gas constantT is the temperature in KelvinFirst, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:
T = 73⁰C + 273.15 = 346.15 K
Next, we can solve for the number of moles:
n = (PV) / (RT)
n = (0.25 atm × 14.0 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K × 346.15 K)
n = 0.1915 mol
Finally, we can calculate the mass of O2 using the molar mass of O2, which is 32.00 g/mol:
mass = n × molar mass
mass = 0.1915 mol × 32.00 g/mol
mass = 6.13 g
Therefore, there are approximately 6.13 grams of O2 in the 14.0 L balloon at 0.25 atm and 73⁰C.
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Blood plasma contains a total carbonate pool (essentially HCO3- and CO2(d)) of 2.48X10-2M. What would be the ph if 18mM H+ is added under conditions where the increased [CO2(d)] can not be released (i.e. an close system)? Assume the normal pH (i.e., before addition of H+) is 7.4. Recall that the pKnet for the net reaction in which water plus dissolved carbon dioxide form hydrogen ions plus bicarbonate ions is 6.1.
7.19 is pKnet for the net reaction in which water plus dissolved carbon dioxide form hydrogen ions plus bicarbonate ions
Elaborating:The balanced reaction would be: H+ + HCO₃- ⇌ H₂CO₃
The equilibrium constant for the reaction is:
Keq = [H₂CO₃]/[H+][HCO₃-] = 10^(pKnet) = 7.94 × 10⁻⁷
Using the equilibrium constant, we can set up an expression for x:
Keq = [H₂CO₃]/[H+][HCO₃-] = x/[(2.48 × 10⁻² - x)(1.8 × 10⁻²)]
x = 6.43 × 10 ⁻⁸ M
Therefore, the final concentration of H+ is 6.43 × 10⁻⁸ M, and the pH is:
pH = -log[H+] = -log(6.43 × 10⁻⁸) = 7.19
So the pH decreases from the average value of 7.4 to 7.19
What is a compound's pH?The acidity or basicity of a solution is measured by its pH. It is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution as a negative logarithm (base 10) The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 0 representing the most acidic condition, 7 representing neutral conditions, and 14 representing the most basic.
What does "carbonate pool" refer to?The total amount of dissolved inorganic carbon in a solution, including bicarbonate ions and carbon dioxide , is referred to as the carbonate pool. Blood plasma contains the carbonate pool, which serves as a buffer and contributes to pH stability in biological systems.
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2CuCl + H2S → Cu2S + 2HCl
How many moles of copper I chloride, CuCl, are necessary to react completely with 4.4 moles of hydrogen sulfide, H2S?
8.8 moles of CuCl are required for 4.4 moles of H2S to totally react.
What is mole?The unit of measurement known as a mole (mol) is used to represent the quantity of a substance. The amount of a substance that has the same number of particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12 is referred to as a mole. This number, which is roughly 6.022 x 1023, is referred to as Avogadro's number.
How do you determine it?The reaction between copper I chloride and hydrogen sulfide has the following balanced chemical equation:
2CuCl + H2S → Cu2S + 2HCl
The balanced equation shows that the reaction between 2 moles of CuCl and 1 mole of H2S results in 2 moles of HCl and 1 mole of Cu2S.
So, we must use stoichiometry to calculate the amount of CuCl needed to thoroughly react with 4.4 moles of H2S:
4.4 moles of H2S × (2 moles of CuCl / 1 mole of H2S) = 8.8 moles of CuCl
As a result, 8.8 moles of CuCl are required for 4.4 moles of H2S to totally react.
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the pH for a 0.185 M solution of an unknown weak base, B, is 12.95. Fill in the ICE table with the appropriate value for each involved species to determine the unknown concentrations of all reactants and products
Answer:
The balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of the weak base, B, in water is:
B + H2O ⇌ BH+ + OH-
The ICE table for the reaction can be set up as follows:
B + H2O ⇌ BH+ + OH-
I 0.185 M 0 M 0 M
C -x +x +x
E 0.185 - x x x
At equilibrium, the concentration of [BH+] and [OH-] is equal since the acid-base reaction involves the transfer of a proton from the weak base, B, to a water molecule. The [H+] ion concentration can be found by applying the equation:
Kw = [H+][OH-]
where Kw is the ion product constant of water (1.0 × 10^-14 at 25°C).
pH = -log[H+]
pOH = -log[OH-]
pKw = pH + pOH = 14.00
Using the given pH, we can find the [H+] concentration:
pH = 12.95
[H+] = 10^-pH = 7.07 × 10^-13 M
Since Kw = [H+][OH-], we can solve for [OH-]:
Kw = 1.0 × 10^-14 = [H+][OH-]
[OH-] = Kw/[H+] = 1.41 × 10^-2 M
At equilibrium, the [BH+] concentration is equal to the [OH-] concentration. Therefore, we can substitute the [OH-] value we found into the equilibrium expression for Kb to solve for Kb:
Kb = [BH+][OH-]/[B]
Kb = (x)(1.41 × 10^-2)/(0.185 - x)
The value of Kb for the weak base, B, can be found using the pKb expression:
pKb = 14.00 - pKw - pH
pKb = 14.00 - 1.00 - 12.95
pKb = 0.05
Kb = 10^-pKb = 1.00 × 10^-0.05
Substituting this value into the Kb expression gives:
1.00 × 10^-0.05 = (x)(1.41 × 10^-2)/(0.185 - x)
Solving for x gives:
x = 4.70 × 10^-4 M
Therefore, the concentrations of the species at equilibrium are:
[B] = 0.185 M - x = 0.1845 M
[BH+] = x = 4.70 × 10^-4 M
[OH-] = x = 4.70 × 10^-4 M
You need to prepare 100.0 mL of a pH 4.00 buffer solution using 0.100 M benzoic acid (pa=4.20)
and 0.180 M
sodium benzoate.
How many milliliters of each solution should be mixed to prepare this buffer?
We must combine 25.9 mL of the benzoic acid solution with 74.1 mL of the sodium benzoate solution in order to create a 100.0 mL pH 4.00 buffer solution using 0.100 M benzoic acid and 0.180 M sodium benzoate.
How do you figure out how much of each solution you need?With sodium benzoate and benzoic acid, we may create a pH 4.00 buffer using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH equals pKa plus log([A-]/[HA])
Rearranging the equation to find the ratio of [A-]/[HA] will enable us to create a buffer with a pH of 4.00:
[A-]/[HA] = 10^(pH - pKa) (pH - pKa)
[A-]/[HA] = 0.630
0.630 * 0.100 M benzoic acid * V2 = 0.180 M sodium benzoate
V1 + V2 = 100.0 mL
One variable can be solved for in terms of another:
V1 = 0.350 V2
then enter the following expression as V1 in the second equation:
1.350 V2 = 100.0 mL
V2 = 74.1 mL
V1 = 0.350 * 74.1 mL = 25.9 mL
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how many millilters each of a 2% w/v solution of tetracaine hydrochloride and a 1:1000 w/v solution of epinephrine hydrochloride should be used in preparing the prescription?