Suppose the message 111010 is to be transmitted (beginning with the leftmost bit) using
CRC with generator polynomial X 4 +X+1.
Determine the entire message that would be transmitted. Show all your work. Also show how receiver will check and confirm that there is no transmission error.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Given that:

generator polynomial = x⁴ + x + 1

This form can be expressed in binary form as:

[tex]= 1 *x^4 + 0*x^3 +0*x^2 + 1*x^1 + 1*x^0[/tex]

= 1             0           0           1            1

=10011

The given message = 111010

Now, we can see that the length of the polynomial generator = 5

The next thing to do is to add (5-1) = 4 0's to the given message end

i.e. message = 1110100000

The next process is to divide the message with the generator to deduce the remainder which ill be added to the message for us to create a transmitted message

10011║1110100000║111

          10011              

           1 1 100

          1 0011              

              1 1 1 1 0

             1 001 1                  

                1 1 0 1 0

                1 0 01 1              

                  1 0 010

                 1 0 01 1              

                     0 010     → Remainder

∴ Transmitted message = 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

                                                           0 0 1 0

                                           [tex]1 \ 1 \ 1 \ 0 \ 1 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 1 \ 0[/tex]

To check and confirm that the message transmitted is correct at the receiver's end, we have to divide the transmitted message with the generator.

So, if the end result of the remainder is 0, then the message is correct, otherwise incorrect.

10011║1110100000║1111

          10011              

           1 1 100

          1 0011              

              1 1 1 1 0

             1 001 1                  

                1 1 0 1 0

                1 0 01 1              

                  1 0 010

                 1 0 01 1              

                     00000     → Remainder

Hence, the received message is correct.


Related Questions

how can you say that a painting is real? ​

Answers

Answer:Know the Artist. Prior to buying an artist's work, become familiar with their oeuvre. ...

Use a Magnifying Glass. Looking at the surface of a painting with a magnifying glass is one of the best ways to spot a print. ...

Turn the Painting Over.

Explanation:brainliest

See from the way they paint. You can see from the picture that its way different. Each artist has different way to paint. see the colour also

Please read this lab exercise thoroughly, before attempting to write the program.

Write a program that reads the pairs of group number and student count from the text file (user must enter name of file) and:

Displays the number of groups in the file (5 %)
Displays the number of even and odd student count (5%)
Displays the sum of the even student count and the sum of the odd student count as well as the sum of all the student count (5%)
Displays the group numbers of the largest student count and the smallest student count (5 %)
Computes the average of the largest and smallest student count (10 %)
Compute the sum of ALL the digits in the largest student count (i.e. 952 – Sum is 9+5+2 = 16) (15 %)
Assume the contents of the file are as follows but that the pairs of data can change later:

1 25

2 123

3 475

4 61

5 77

6 910

7 234

8 138

9 134

10 95

11 674

12 345

13 31

14 211

15 952

16 873

17 22

18 7

19 876

20 347

21 450

The following is a sample output: User input in red

What is name of the input file? integers.dat

The number of groups in the file is 21

There are 12 odd student count and 9 even student count

The sum of the odd student count is 2645

The sum of the even student count is 4390

The sum of all the student count is 7035

The group number of the largest student count is 15

The group number of the smallest student count is 18

The average of 952 and 7 is 479.5

The sum of all the digits in the largest student count is 16

NOTE:

Use two decimal point precision for the average
To check your code, adjust one of the student count in the file, recompile your code and run again (suggest changing the largest or smallest student count )
Even though there are 21 pairs of numbers in the file, the program should NOT presume there will always be 21 pairs of numbers. In other words, you should not solve this problem by declaring 21 pairs of values. If I choose to use another integers.dat file other than the one provided with the assignment, your program should still work correctly with that file as well. All you can assume is that a series of integers will be read in from the file. Therefore, you need to implement a solution that uses the repetition control structures (for, while, do…while) in the reading and processing of these values to produce your output.

Answers

Answer:

filename = input("Enter input file? ")

with open(filename, 'r') as data:

num_groups = []

num_counts = []

for line in data:

 cols = line.split()

 num_groups.append(int(cols[0]))

 num_counts.append(int(cols[1]))

print("The number of num_groups in the file is "+str(len(num_groups)))

c_even = 0; c_odd = 0; s_odd = 0; s_even = 0

for i in num_counts:

if i%2 == 0:

 c_even=c_even+1

 s_even = s_even + i

else:

 c_odd=c_odd+1

 s_odd = s_odd + i

print("There are "+str(c_odd)+" odd student and "+str(c_even)+" even student")

print("The sum of odd student is "+str(s_odd))

print("The sum of even student is "+str(s_even))

print("The sum of all student is "+str(s_even+s_odd))

max_count = num_groups[num_counts.index(max(num_counts))]

print("The group number of the largest student is "+str(max_count))

min_count = num_groups[num_counts.index(min(num_counts))]

print("The group number of the smallest student is "+str(min_count))

print("The average of "+str(max(num_counts))+" and "+str(min(num_counts))+" is:",end=" ")

print("%.2f" % ((max(num_counts)+min(num_counts))*0.5))  

bigkount = str(max(num_counts))

bigsum = 0

for i in range(len(bigkount)):

bigsum += int(bigkount[i])

 

print("The sum of all the digits in the largest student is: "+str(bigsum))

Explanation:

The program was written in Python.

Because of the length, I added an attachment where I used comments to explain the lines of the code

Write a program that reads a list of integers, and outputs the two smallest integers in the list, in ascending order. The input begins with an integer indicating the number of integers that follow. You can assume that the list will have at least 2 integers and fewer than 20 integers. Ex: If the input is: 5 10 5 3 21 2

Answers

Answer:

Follows are the code to the given question:

#include <iostream>//header file  

using namespace std;

int main() //main method

{

int nums[20];//defining an array

int n,i,k;//defining integer variables

cout<<"Enter total number you want to insert: ";//print message

cin>>n;//input value of n  

cout << "Enter array numbers: " << endl;//print message

for (i = 0;i<n;i++) //defining for loop for input values from user-end

{

   cin >> nums[i];//input values

}

for (i = 0; i < n;i++) //defining for loop for count array values

{

   for (k =i+1;k<n;k++)//defining for loop for arrange value in ascending  order  

   {

       if (nums[i] > nums[k])//checking first and second value

       {

           int t = nums[i];//defining integer variable that hold first element value in t

           nums[i] = nums[k];//holding second element value in first element

           nums[k] = t;//assign value in t

       }

   }

}

cout<<"Two smallest number in list are:";//print message

 for (i = 0; i <2; ++i)//defining for loop that prints first two smallest value  

     cout<<nums[i]<<" ";//print value

   return 0;

}

Output:

Enter total number you want to insert: 6

Enter array numbers:  

5

10

5

3

21

2

Two smallest number in list are:2 3  

Explanation:

In this code, an integer array "nums" is defined, and in the next step multiple integer variable is defined, that uses the for loop input value from the user-end, and in the next step, another two for loop is declared, that uses if block to arrange value into the ascending order at which it stores two smallest value in first and second position in the array element, and in the next step, it uses another for loop to print its element value.

In what way, if any, is a model different from a simulation?


Models are types of simulations that transform data sets into scenarios.

Models and simulations are completely different in that they achieve different results.

Models and simulations are essentially identical—they are two terms that describe the same thing.

Models are types of simulations that create ideal workers and members of leadership.

Answers

Answer:

Models and Simulations are completely different in that they achieve diffenet results.

Explanation:

Modeling is the act of building a model. A simulation is the process of using a model to study the behavior and performance of an actual or theoretical system. In a simulation, models can be used to study existing or proposed characteristics of a system. ... Simulating is the act of using a model for a simulation.

Answer:

Models are types of simulations that transform data sets into scenarios

Explanation:

Model - computer models take complex data sets and transform them into real-life simulations

Consider the declaration of the struct houseType given in this chapter. Suppose firstHouse and secondHouse are variables of houseType. Write C11 statement(s) to compare the style and price of firstHouse and secondHouse. Output true if the corresponding values are the same; false otherwise. (2, 3)

Answers

Answer:

See Explanation

Explanation:

The question is incomplete as there is no link pointing to the houseType struct of chapter 1.

So, I've answered the question from scratch

See attachment for explanation where I used comments to explain each line.

The program is as follows:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;  

struct houseType{

   int firstHouse, secondHouse;

};

int main() {

   houseType hT;      

   cout << "Enter the price of both house: ";

   cin>> hT.firstHouse;

   cin>> hT.secondHouse;

   if(hT.firstHouse == hT.secondHouse){ cout<<"true";    }

   else{ cout<<"false";    }  

   return 0;

}

Example of vector image format​

Answers

Answer:

JPEGs, GIFs and PNGs are common raster image types. ...

Vector images, alternatively, allow for more flexibility. Constructed using mathematical formulas rather than individual colored blocks, vector file types such as EPS, AI and PDF* are excellent for creating graphics that frequently require resizing.

a program execution is called ​

Answers

a program execution is called a process

Explanation

In the process, they process the data and also execute the data.

What happen in process?

First the data came from input, then go to the memory. The process take the data from the memory and process it and divide it, if there's arithmetic data thingy it will go to ALU and the rest to CU. After the data finish being proceed, the data will be sent to CU and executed there, then send back to the memory and go to the output to be shown.

#Sorry my grammar sucks

#Moderators please don't be mean, dont delete my answers just to get approval from your senior or just to get the biggest moderation daily rank.

Traffic flow analysis is classified as which?

Answers

Answer:

c. An active attack

d. A passive attack​

Explanation:

Traffic flow analysis is a cyber attack method of acquiring information by intercepting and examining messages so as to decode them by analysing patterns in the way the messages are communicated.

Traffic flow analysis can either be active or passive depending on if the attacker alters communication in the case of active analysis or simply extracts information in case of passive analysis.  

Identify at least 6 errors from the following program code. Write all the errors and rewrite the correct program.(11 pts)

1. public E2
2. {
3. Public static void main(String )
4. {
5. System.Out.Println(“hello)
6. }

Answers

Answer:The code after rearrange the question segment:

public class Q// Class declaration of Q name.

{// Open the class body.

    public static void main(String[] a) // Main function declaration.

{ //Open the main-function body.

           System.out.println("Q"); // Print statement which print Q.

} //close the main-function body.

}//close the class body.

Output:

Q

Explanation:

Cloud computing security risks

Answers

Answer:

Risks:

Network issues or outages caused by attackers can limit or completely deny access to data stored in the cloud

Attackers could find an exploit and steal company data without ever physically touching the company's computer.

That's what I can think of.

Explanation:

design an algorithm to generate the first n terms of sequence 2,6,10,14​

Answers

Answer:

#Begin

a=2

k=0

temp=0

#Input

k=input()

temp=k

k=0

#Processing

while int(k)<int(temp):

print(a)

a=a+4

k=k+1

In this exercise, using the knowledge of computational language in python, we have that this code will be written as:

The code is in the attached image.

What is range?

The Python range function is a function native to the Python language that is used to generate a numerical sequence within a given range. It is normally used as an auxiliary to the for function. In Python, we can repeat an action a specified number of times using a for loop with the range function.

We can write the python  as:

a=2

k=0

temp=0

k=input()

temp=k

k=0

while int(k)<int(temp):

print(a)

a=a+4

k=k+1

See more about python at brainly.com/question/13437928

A computer connected to the internet that ask for data is a

Answers

Answer:

Client

Explanation:

When your computer is connected to the internet it is always asking and sending data. Your computer is the client which recieves the data from the sever.

Animations
Animations are !
Blank which can be Applied to blank in a presentation?

Answers

Animation is a graphic element that depicts movement. Animations are visual effects applied to individual items on a slide
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