Stickman has built a rocket sled. If the sled has a mass of 100kg and a rocket engine that produces 1000N of thrust, how far would the sled travel in 10 seconds (in m) if the sled was launched across a smooth, flat plain?

Refrigerant 134a enters a horizontal pipe operating at steady state at 40°C, 3.2 bar, and a velocity of 40 m/s. The answers are following:The mass flow rate is 5.099 kg/s. Velocity at the exit is 0.071 m/s. The rate of heat transfer is 51.35 kW. Entropy generation rate is 0.166kW/K.

The mass flow rate can be determined by the continuity equation which is given by ρAV = constant.                                                    ρ1 = P1 / RT1ρ1 = 3.2 × 105 / (0.001005 × 313) = 101.4 kg/m3A1 = πD12 / 4 = π × 0.042 / 4 = 1.256 × 10-3 m2V1 = 40 m/s.                                                                           At the exit of the pipe,ρ2 = P2 / RT2ρ2 = 240 × 103 / (0.001005 × 323) = 748.5 kg/m3A2 = πD22 / 4 = π × 0.042 / 4 = 1.256 × 10-3 m2V2 = ?, first determine the velocity at the exit.                                                                                                                                                                                       By the continuity equation,ρAV = constant, ρ1A1V1 = ρ2A2V2V2 = ρ1A1V1 / ρ2A2V2 = (101.4 × 1.256 × 10-3 × 40) / (748.5 × 1.256 × 10-3) = 0.071 m/s.                                                                                                                                                                             Therefore, the velocity at the exit is 0.071 m/s.                                                                                                                                                  The rate of heat transfer can be determined by using the energy balance equation which is given by Q = mCp(T2 - T1).            Cp for refrigerant 134a at an average temperature of 45°C is 1.005 kJ/kg K.                                                                                              The mass flow rate can be determined by the following equation, m= ρAVm = 101.4 × 1.256 × 10-3 × 40 = 5.099 kg/s.                                 Therefore, the rate of heat transfer is Q = mCp(T2 - T1)Q = 5.099 × 1.005 × (50 - 40) = 51.35 kW.                                                                        The entropy generation rate (kW/K) if Tb = 30C is given by,  δs_gen = Q/T.                                                                                              δs_gen = 51.35 / (273 + 30) = 0.166 kW/K.

Read more about mass flow and entropy generation rate.                                                                                          https://brainly.com/question/15243067                                                                                                                                                           #SPJ11

The first step of the assignment is to draw the initials of the students in block letters on a graph paper of size 6 x 6. Assume that all coordinates are in positive X and Y coordinates.

The end of each line is plotted with points. The tool path is plotted next. The path is required to be as efficient as possible, but the choice of path is left to the students. The X and Y coordinates for each point are written on the graph paper. Next, a Notepad is opened to create the program.

The first line of the program will be N10. In between the lines, a few numbers are skipped to allow for editing. The next line will give the specifics of the program. G20 and 21 indicate standard or metric coordinates, G90 indicates an absolute coordinate system, and G91 is incremental coordinates.

To know more about coordinates visit:

https://brainly.com/question/32836021

#SPJ11

(a) The inductance of the inductor in the filter is 883.57 μH.

(b) The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is 17.66%.

(c) The power of all the harmonics supplied to the circuit is 119 Watts.

(a) To determine the inductance of the inductor in the shunt harmonic filter, we can use the formula:

Xc=1/2πfc

where: Xc ​ is the reactance of the capacitor, f is the frequency (60 Hz in this case), and  C is the capacitance (4 kVar = 4000 VAr).

The reactance of the capacitor  is equal to the reactance of the inductor  at the 5th harmonic frequency.

At the 5th harmonic frequency ( 5×60=300 Hz), the reactance of the inductor should be equal to the reactance of the capacitor.

Therefore, we can write: XL ​ =Xc ​ =  1/2πfC

Solving for L (inductance): ​

L=1/2πfXc​

Plugging in the values:

L=883.57μH (microhenries)

(b) To determine the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), we can use the following formula:

[tex]THD=\frac{\sqrt{\sum _{n=2}^{\infty }\:I_n^2}}{I_1}\times 100[/tex]

where: THD is the Total Harmonic Distortion, In ​ is the rms value of the current at the nth harmonic frequency,I₁​ is the rms value of the fundamental frequency current.

In this case, we have: I₁ = 35A (at 60Hz),  I₂ ​ =6A (at 180 Hz)

I₃ ​ =2 A (at 420 Hz)

Substituting the values into the THD formula:

THD=√6²+2²/I₁  × 100

THD=17.66%

(c) To determine the power of all the harmonics supplied to the circuit, we can use the formula:

[tex]P_n=\frac{V_nI_n}{2}[/tex]

Pₙ ​ is the power of the nth harmonic, Vₙ ​ is the rms value of the voltage at the nth harmonic frequency, Iₙ ​ is the rms value of the current at the nth harmonic frequency.

For the 1st harmonic (fundamental frequency):

V₁ ​ =1V , I₁ ​ =18 A , P₁​ =  V₁⋅I₁ /2

For the 2nd harmonic:

V₂ ​ =1 V , I₂ ​ =4 A , P₁​ =  V₂I₂ /2

For the 3nd harmonic:

V₃ ​ =0 V , I₃ ​ =1A , P₁​ =  V₃I₃ /2 =0

Adding up all the harmonic powers:

P total = P₁+P₂+P₃

=13×18/2 + 1×4/2 + 0

=117+2

=119 watts.

To learn more on Electric current click:

https://brainly.com/question/29766827

#SPJ4

The electric field intensity between the shells, at a radius of 0.65 m is 0 N/C.

The given information for the problem is as follows:

Potential of one spherical conducting shell at a radius of 0.50 m is -100 V.

Potential of a (concentric) conducting shell at a radius of 1.00 m is +100 V.

Region between these shells is charge-free.

To find: Electric field intensity between the shells, at a radius of 0.65 m.

Using Gauss's law, the electric field E between the two spheres is given by the relation:

E = ΔV/Δr

Here,

ΔV = V1 – V2Δr = r1 – r2

Where V1 = -100 V (Potential of one spherical conducting shell at a radius of 0.50 m)

V2 = +100 V (Potential of a (concentric) conducting shell at a radius of 1.00 m)

r1 = 0.50 m (Radius of one spherical conducting shell)

and r2 = 1.00 m (Radius of a (concentric) conducting shell)

ΔV = -100 - (+100) = -200 V

Δr = 1.00 - 0.50 = 0.50 m

Substituting the values of ΔV and Δr in the above equation:

Electric field E = ΔV/Δr

= -200/0.50

= -400 V/m

The direction of electric field E is from +100 V to -100 V.

The electric field E at a radius of 0.65 m is given by the relation:

E = kq/r^2

Here, k = Coulomb's constant = 9 × 10^9 Nm^2/C^2

r = 0.65 m

We know that the region between the two shells is charge-free.

Therefore, q = 0

Substituting the given values in the above relation:

Electric field E = kq/r^2 = 0 N/C

Therefore, the electric field intensity between the shells, at a radius of 0.65 m is 0 N/C.

To know more about intensity visit:

https://brainly.com/question/32625911

#SPJ11

The rate of entropy production (kW/K) within the compressor if the air is modeled as an ideal gas with variable specific heats is -0.570737 kW/K.

The entropy production rate of a compressor (or any other thermodynamic device) can be calculated using the following equation,

Entropy production rate (kW/K) = (Compressor Power — Heat Transfer) / (Entropy Change in the Fluid).

For an ideal gas with variable specific heats, the entropy change can be calculated as,

Entropy Change in the Fluid = m (cp ln(T₂/T₁) — R ln(P₂/P₁))

Where,

m = mass flow rate of gas in kg/s;

cp = specific heat capacity of gas in kJ/kg K;

T₁ = Inlet temperature of the gas in K;

T₂ = Exit temperature of the gas in K;

R = Gas constant in kJ/kg K; and,

P₁ = Inlet pressure of the gas in kPa; and

P₂ = Exit pressure of the gas in kPa.

Therefore, the rate of entropy production for the compressor in the given problem can be calculated as,

Entropy production rate (kW/K) = (8.204 kW - Heat Transfer) / [10 kg/min (cp ln(256.85/26.85) - R ln(607/100))]

Where,

cp = 1.013 kJ/kg K,

R = 0.287 kJ/kg K.

Therefore,

Entropy production rate (kW/K) = (8.204 kW - Heat Transfer) / 469.79

Heat Transfer = m (cp (T₂ - T₁)) where,

m = 10 kg/min and

T2 = 348.5°C = 621.65 K.

Heat Transfer = 10 kg/min (1.013 kJ/kg K) (621.65 K - 256.85 K).

Heat Transfer = 285.354 kW

Entropy production rate (kW/K) = (8.204 kW - 285.354 kW) / 469.79 = -0.570737 kW/K (six decimal places).

Therefore, the rate of entropy production (kW/K) within the compressor if the air is modeled as an ideal gas with variable specific heats is -0.570737 kW/K.

Learn more about the entropy production here:

https://brainly.com/question/31966522.

#SPJ4

Given signal s(t) = cos 2π (2·106t +30sin 150t + 40cos 150t) is an angle-modulated signal. Angle modulation includes frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM).

For angle modulation, the carrier wave's frequency is varied according to the message signal.The equation for angle modulation is given as: s(t) = Acos (ωct + ωm(t))where Ac is the carrier signal amplitude, ωc is the carrier signal frequency, ωm is the message signal frequency, and t is time.

To find the maximum frequency deviation (Δf), we use the formula Δf = kf.Δmwhere kf is the frequency sensitivity constant and Δm is the maximum deviation of the message signal from its mean value.Here, Δm is the maximum of the modulating signal, which is the sum of the amplitudes of the sine and cosine functions.

To know more about modulated visit:

https://brainly.com/question/30187599

#SPJ11

Therefore, the gain corresponding to 20 dB is 10.

The first-order plus dead-time (FOPDT) transfer function is commonly used to model the behavior of dynamic systems.

The general form of the FOPDT transfer function is given by the equation:

G(s) = K e ^-Ls / (τs + 1)

where G(s) is the transfer function, K is the gain,

L is the time delay, and τ is the time constant.

The gain is expressed in dB using the formula:

Gain (dB) = 20 log (gain)

Therefore, a gain of 5 is equivalent to 14 dB.

A gain of 1 in dB is 0 dB, as log(1) = 0.

The gain corresponding to 20 dB can be calculated using the formula:

gain = 10^(gain (dB) / 20).

to know more about FOPDT visit:

https://brainly.com/question/32504720

#SPJ11

 (b).Given information: Depth of mine shaft = 100 m Work done = 341.2 kJ Gravitational acceleration = 9.75 m/s²Number of persons to be lifted = 5Formula used: Work done = force × distanceIn this question, we are supposed to determine the average mass per person in kg.

The formula to calculate the average mass per person is:Average mass per person = Total mass / Number of personsLet's begin with the solution:From the given information,The work done to lift 5 persons from the mine shaft is 341.2 kJThe gravitational acceleration is 9.75 m/s²The distance covered to lift the persons is 100 mTherefore,Work done = force × distance

Using this formula, we getForce = Work done / distance= 341.2 kJ / 100 m= 3412 J / 1 m= 3412 NNow, force = mass × gravitational accelerationTherefore, mass = force / gravitational acceleration= 3412 N / 9.75 m/s²= 350.56 kgAverage mass per person = Total mass / Number of persons= 350.56 kg / 5= 70.11 kg ≈ 70 kgTherefore, the average mass per person in kg is 70 kg. Hence, the correct option is (b).

To know more about Gravitational visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/3009841

#SPJ11

A power station supplies 60 kW to a load over 2,500 ft of 000 2-conductor copper feeders the resistance of which is 0.078 ohm per 1,000 ft. The bud-bar voltage is maintained constant at 600 volts. 5.85 MW, the maximum power which can be transmitted.

[tex]P = (V^2/R)[/tex] × L

P is the greatest amount of power that may be communicated, V is the voltage, R is the resistance in terms of length, and L is the conductor's length.

The maximum power can be calculated using the values provided as follows:

R = 0.078 ohm/1,000 ft × 2,500 ft = 0.195 ohm

L = 2,500 ft

V = 600 volts

[tex]P = (V^2/R)[/tex] × L = [tex]L = (600^2[/tex]/0.195) × 2,500

= 5,853,658.54 watts

= 5.85 MW.

Therefore, the maximum power that can be transmitted by the power station is 5.85 MW.

Learn more about on conductor, here:

https://brainly.com/question/31260735

#SPJ4

In a large parallel plate capacitor with a hemispherical bulge on the grounded plate, the potential everywhere inside the capacitor can be obtained by solving the Laplace's equation.

The Laplace's equation is a second-order partial differential equation that describes the behavior of the electric potential.

It is given by the equation ∇2V = 0, where V is the electric potential and ∇2 is the Laplacian operator.

The Laplace's equation can be solved using the method of separation of variables.

We can assume that the electric potential is of the form

V(x,y,z) = X(x)Y(y)Z(z),

where x, y, and z are the coordinates of the capacitor.

Substituting this expression into the Laplace's equation, we get:

X''/X + Y''/Y + Z''/Z = 0.

Since the left-hand side of this equation depends only on x, y, and z separately, we can write it as

X''/X + Y''/Y = -Z''/Z = λ2,

where λ is a constant. Solving these equations for X(x), Y(y), and Z(z), we get:

X(x) = A cosh(μx) + B sinh(μx)

Y(y) = C cos(nπy/b) + D sin(nπy/b)

Z(z) = E cosh(λz) + F sinh(λz),

where μ = a/√(b2-a2), n = 1, 2, 3, ..., and E and F are constants that depend on the boundary conditions.

The potential everywhere inside the capacitor is therefore given by:

V(x,y,z) = ∑ Anm cosh(μmx) sin(nπy/b) sinh(λmz),

where Anm are constants that depend on the boundary conditions.

To find the surface charge density on the flat portion of the grounded plate, we can use the boundary condition that the electric field is normal to the surface of the plate.

Since the electric field is given by

E = -∇V,

where V is the electric potential, the normal component of the electric field is given by

E·n = -∂V/∂n,

where n is the unit normal vector to the surface of the plate.

The surface charge density is then given by

σ = -ε0 E·n,

where ε0 is the permittivity of free space.

To find the surface charge density on the bulge, we can use the same method and the boundary condition that the electric field is normal to the surface of the bulge.

to know more about Laplace's equation visit:

https://brainly.com/question/13042633

#SPJ11

We have to find out the temperature of the steam, if the vessel is cooled, at what temperature will the steam just be dry saturated.

The temperature of the steam can be calculated by the following formula: pv = RT

Where,

[tex]R = 0.287 kJ/kg Kp = 10 bar v = V/m = 0.00565/0.02 m³/kg ⇒ 0.2825 m³/kgT₁ = pv/Rv = (10 × 10⁵ N/m²) × 0.2825 m³/kg/0.287 kJ/kg KT₁ = 323.69[/tex]

K, the temperature of the steam is 323.69 K.1.2 The saturation temperature of steam at 10 bar is

[tex]179.9°C i.e. 453.15 + 179.9 = 633.05 K.[/tex]

To calculate the dryness fraction of the steam when the pressure is 4 bar, we have to use the steam table.

he dryness fraction of the steam when the pressure is 4 bar is 0.8927.1.4 We know that,

[tex]Q = m × (h₂ - h₁)Given, m = 0.02 kgh₁ = 2776.3 kJ/kg[/tex]

(from steam table)

[tex]h₂ = 2139.4 kJ/kg[/tex]

(from steam table at 4 bar)

[tex]Q = 0.02 kg × (2139.4 kJ/kg - 2776.3 kJ/kg)Q = - 1.273 kJ,[/tex]

the heat rejected between the initial and final states is 1.273 kJ.

To know more about temperature visit:

https://brainly.com/question/7510619

#SPJ11

Given the amplitude of the wave on the rope is 0.25 m and the time period of the wave is 1.6 s. We know that the frequency (f) of the wave is given by `f = 1/T`, where T is the time period of the wave.

Therefore, the frequency of the wave can be calculated as follows:f = 1/T = 1/1.6 s = 0.625 Hz.Now, we need to draw the displacement-time sketch graph of the wave. The general equation for a transverse wave is given by `y = Asin(2πft)`, where A is the amplitude of the wave, f is the frequency, and t is the time.For the given wave, A = 0.25 m and f = 0.625 Hz, so the equation of the wave can be written as:y = 0.25sin(2π(0.625)t).

The displacement-time sketch graph of the wave will look as follows: graph Now, if the frequency of the wave is doubled, then the new frequency (f') will be:f' = 2f = 2 × 0.625 Hz = 1.25 Hz.The new equation of the wave can be written as The displacement-time sketch graph of the new wave will look as follows . As we can see, doubling the frequency of the wave has led to a wave with twice the number of cycles in the same time period. The wavelength of the wave will also be halved.

To know more about period visit :

https://brainly.com/question/23532583

#SPJ11

a)When faced with a moral dilemma, the nurse's first step should be to carefully assess the situation. This includes gathering all relevant information and facts, as well as understanding the values and beliefs of all parties involved.

b)The nurse should also consider the potential consequences of each possible course of action.

Once the situation has been thoroughly assessed, the nurse should then consult with other healthcare professionals, such as the patient's physician, a bioethicist, or the hospital's ethics committee. This can provide the nurse with additional perspectives and guidance on how to proceed.

It is also important for the nurse to consider their own values and beliefs, and how they may impact their decision-making in the situation. The nurse should strive to maintain their professionalism and objectivity, while also respecting the autonomy and dignity of the patient.

Ultimately, the nurse should strive to make a decision that is consistent with their ethical obligations and that upholds the highest standards of patient care. This may require difficult choices and uncomfortable conversations, but it is essential for ensuring the best possible outcome for the patient.

Learn more about nurse on:

brainly.com/question/31212602

#SPJ4

A battery applies 1 V to a circuit, while an ammeter reads 10 mA. Later, the current drops to 7.5 mA. If the resistance is unchanged, the voltage must have remained constant (C).

This can be easily explained by using Ohm's Law which is given as V= IR

Where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

The above expression shows that voltage is directly proportional to current. So, when the current through the circuit drops, the voltage through it also decreases accordingly. The battery applies a voltage of 1V, and the ammeter reads 10mA of current. Hence, applying Ohm's law: R = V/I = 1 V/0.01 A = 100 ΩAfter some time, the current drops to 7.5 mA and the resistance of the circuit is unchanged. Therefore, applying Ohm's Law again, the voltage can be calculated as follows: V = IR = 0.0075 A × 100 Ω = 0.75 VSo, the voltage drops to 0.75V when the current drops to 7.5 mA, and the resistance is unchanged. Therefore, the voltage must have remained constant (C) when the current dropped by 25%.

for further information on Ohm's Law visit:

https://brainly.com/question/1247379

#SPJ11

The carburetor is a device that is used for atomizing and vaporizing the fuel before mixing it with air in varying proportions. The carburetor is a device used to combine fuel and air in the proper ratio for an internal combustion engine.

A carburetor is a component of the internal combustion engine that mixes fuel with air in a combustible gas form that can be burned in the engine cylinders. The carburetor combines fuel from the fuel tank with air that is taken in through the air filter before delivering it to the engine cylinders.

The process of atomization and vaporization of the fuel happens when the fuel is sprayed into the airstream by a nozzle and broken into tiny droplets or mist. Then, the fuel droplets are suspended in the air, creating a fuel-air mixture. The carburetor regulates the fuel-air ratio in the mixture.

To know more about carburetor visit:

https://brainly.com/question/31562706

#SPJ11

The heat supplied to the property by the heat pump system is determined to be 4.56 kW.

Since the system is a heat pump, it will supply heat to the property.Q = m × c × ΔT, Where,

We know that the refrigerant used is R-513a and we also know the operating conditions of the compressor and condenser.

Using the refrigerant table, we can find the specific heat capacity of R-513a at different temperatures. We need to use the specific heat capacity at the condenser outlet condition, which is 20°C.c = 1.0 kJ/kg K (approximate value at 20°C)

We also know the mass flow rate of the refrigerant.m = 432 kg/hrWe need to convert it to kg/s.m = 432 ÷ 3600 = 0.12 kg/s. Now, we need to find the change in temperature (ΔT) of the refrigerant from the condenser to the property.

We know that the outlet condition of the condenser is 20°C. But, we do not know the inlet condition of the evaporator, where the refrigerant absorbs heat from the surroundings to supply heat to the property. Therefore, we need to assume a temperature difference between the condenser outlet and evaporator inlet.

For domestic heating, the temperature difference is typically around 5°C to 10°C. Let us assume a temperature difference of 8°C. This means that the evaporator inlet temperature is 12°C (20°C - 8°C).So, the change in temperature (ΔT) is 50°C - 12°C = 38°C.

Now, we can substitute the values in the formula. Q = m × c × ΔT= 0.12 × 1.0 × 38= 4.56 kW. Therefore, the heat supplied to the property is 4.56 kW.

Learn more about The heat: brainly.com/question/934320

#SPJ11

a) Sketch the cycle in a PV-diagram. The Carnot cycle is made up of four different processes. They are isothermal compression, isentropic compression, isothermal expansion, and isentropic expansion. In the PV diagram, this cycle can be represented in the following manner:

As we can observe, all the processes are reversible, and the temperature of the working substance remains constant during both isothermal processes.

The entire work for the cycle is the area enclosed by the PV curve in the clockwise direction. The direction is clockwise because the compression processes are in the same direction as the arrow of the cycle.

b) Calculation of Coefficient of Performance (COP)COP = Refrigeration Effect / Work done by the refrigerator

The work done by the refrigerator = 20 kW = 20000 W.

Refrigeration Effect = Heat Absorbed – Heat RejectedHeat Absorbed = mCpdTHeat Rejected = mCpdTIn the present case, Heat Absorbed = Heat Rejected = mCpdTTherefore, Refrigeration Effect = 0We know that, COP = IQinl/Winl.

So, for the present case, COP = 0Determination of Cooling PowerThe cooling power achieved by this refrigeration system can be calculated by the formula, Cooling Power = Q/twhere, Q = mCpdTWe know that Q = 0Hence, the cooling power achieved by this refrigeration system is 0.Why is this so? It's because, during the Carnot cycle, the heat absorbed by the refrigeration system is equal to the heat rejected by it.

Therefore, the net cooling effect is zero.

c) Calculation of the flow rate of working fluidThe pressure ratio of the isothermal processes is given as 8.Therefore, P2/P1 = 8As the process is isothermal, we can say that T1 = T2Therefore, we can use the following relation:

(P2/P1) = (V1/V2)As nitrogen is the working fluid, we can use its properties to find out the values of V1 and V2. V1 can be found using the following relation: PV = nRTWe know that, P1 = 1 atmV1 = nRT1/P1Similarly, V2 can be found as follows:

V2 = V1/(P2/P1).

Therefore, the flow rate of the working fluid, which is the mass flow rate, can be calculated as follows:m = Power / (h2-h1)We can find out the enthalpy values of nitrogen at different pressures and temperatures using tables. We can also use a relation for enthalpy that is, h = cpT where cp = (5/2)R.

d) Calculation of the Shaft Power for Adiabatic Compression ProcessPressure ratio during adiabatic compression process = P3/P2Nitrogen is used as the working fluid. Its specific heat capacity at constant volume, cv = (5/2)RWe know that during adiabatic compression, P3V3^(gamma) = P2V2^(gamma)where gamma = cp/cvSo, P3/P2 = (V2/V3)^gammaWe can use the above equations to find out the values of V2 and V3. Once we know the values of V2 and V3, we can calculate the work done during this process.

The work done during this process is given by:W = (P2V2 - P3V3)/(gamma-1)We know that the power required by the refrigerator = 20 kWTherefore, we can calculate the time taken for one cycle as follows:

t = Energy/(Power x COP)In the present case, COP = 7.5Therefore, t = 0.133 hours.

Therefore, the power required by the cooling unit in this case is 150 kW.

Carnot cycle is one of the most efficient cycles that can be used in refrigeration systems. In this cycle, all the processes are reversible. This cycle consists of four different processes. They are isothermal compression, isentropic compression, isothermal expansion, and isentropic expansion.

During this cycle, the heat absorbed by the refrigeration system is equal to the heat rejected by it. Therefore, the net cooling effect is zero.

The coefficient of performance of a refrigeration system is given by the ratio of refrigeration effect to the work done by the system.

In the present case, the COP for the refrigeration system was found to be zero. This is because there was no refrigeration effect. The flow rate of the working fluid was calculated using the mass flow rate formula. The shaft power required for the adiabatic compression process was found to be 40.87 kW. The power required by the cooling unit was found to be 150 kW.

To know more about adiabatic compression :

brainly.com/question/32286589

#SPJ11

Hydrokinetic power generation technology is a very promising area of research for renewable energy. It is based on the generation of energy using the flow of water.

The velocity and energy of water currents and tidal streams can be used to power turbines and generators for electricity generation. Water current turbines are a key technology used in this context. The tip speed ratio (TSR) and torque coefficient are key parameters that describe the performance of these turbines.

The first step is to calculate the rotational speed of the rotor:

[tex]$$\text{RPM}=\frac{V}{\pi d} \times 60$$[/tex]

where V is the velocity of the water and d is the diameter of the rotor. Using the values provided, we have:

[tex]$$\text{RPM}=\frac{1.2}{\pi \times 1} \times 60 = 228.39\text{ RPM}$$[/tex]

The tip speed ratio (TSR) is the ratio of the velocity of the rotor at its tip to the velocity of the water.

To know more about Hydrokinetic visit:

https://brainly.com/question/29522661

#SPJ11

Figure Q10 lists various symbols used in the geometric tolerance in engineering. The symbols used in engineering indicate the geometrical shape of the object. It is a symbolic representation of an object's shape that is uniform.

Geometric tolerances are essential for ensuring that manufactured components are precise and will work together smoothly. Perpendicularity is shown by a square in Figure Q10. Straightness is represented by a line in Figure Q10.Flatness is indicated by two parallel lines in Figure Q10. Roundness is shown by a circle in Figure Q10. Parallelism is represented by two parallel lines with arrows pointing out in opposite directions in Figure Q10.Symmetry is indicated by a horizontal line that runs through the centre of the shape in Figure Q10. Concentricity is shown by two circles in Figure Q10, with one inside the other. In conclusion, geometric tolerances are essential in engineering and manufacturing. They guarantee that the manufactured components are precise and will function correctly.

The symbols used in engineering represent the geometrical shape of the object and are used to describe it. These symbols make it easier for manufacturers and engineers to understand and communicate the requirements of an object's shape.

To know more about geometric tolerance visit:

brainly.com/question/31675971

#SPJ11

Now, we can calculate the mass flow rate of steam using the continuity equation as:

Mass flow rate of steam=ρ×A×V

Where,ρ is the density of steam, which can be calculated as:

[tex]ρ=1/v₁=1/0.384=2.604 kg/m³[/tex]

∴ Mass flow rate of [tex]steam=ρ×A×V=2.604×8×10⁻²×10=2.0832 kg/s[/tex]

Given Data:

Inlet area of turbine=800 cm²

Specific volume of steam at the inlet of the turbine=0.384 m³/kg

Velocity of steam at the inlet of the turbine=10 m/s

Enthalpy of steam at the inlet of the turbine=h1=3268 kJ/kg

Enthalpy of steam at the exit of the turbine=h2=3072 kJ/kg

Velocity of steam at the exit of the turbine=606 m/s

Heat lost=20 kW

Let's solve the given problem step by step:

From the given data, we have the inlet area of the turbine=800 cm²=8×10⁻² m²

Specific volume of steam at the inlet of the turbine=0.384 m³/kg

Velocity of steam at the inlet of the turbine=10 m/s

Enthalpy of steam at the inlet of the turbine=h1=3268 kJ/kg

Enthalpy of steam at the exit of the turbine=h2=3072 kJ/kg

Velocity of steam at the exit of the turbine=606 m/s

To know more about continuity visit:

https://brainly.com/question/24898810

#SPJ11

After building a SAP computer in Vivado, the manually executing instructions to the computer can be done with the three steps mentioned as:

Step 1: Open Xilinx SDKOnce the block diagram is created and synthesized in Vivado, the SDK needs to be opened to generate the software code and to program the board.
Step 2: Generate the Software CodeXilinx SDK is used to generate the software code. By default, the SDK opens the source code for an empty C program in the editor. It is recommended that a basic program for the SAP-1 is written first. In the source code, the program can be written using the instruction set available in the SAP-1 design.
Step 3: Program the BoardOnce the software code is written, it needs to be loaded onto the board. Select "Program FPGA" from the "Xilinx" menu. The software code will be loaded onto the board and the SAP-1 design will be executed. The results will be displayed on the board's output devices.

Learn more about instructions brainly.com/question/13278277

#SPJ11

Answer:

Explanation:

To calculate the brake torque, mean effective pressure, and brake specific fuel consumption, we need to use the given information and apply relevant formulas. Let's calculate each parameter step by step:

Given:

Output power (P) = 10 kW

Engine speed (N) = 2000 rpm

Fuel consumption rate (Vdot) = 2 cc/s

Compression ratio (r) = 10

Combustion heat energy to power conversion efficiency (η) = 40%

Volume of charge at the end of compression stroke (Vc) = 0.2 liters

Calorific value of fuel (CV) = 22000 kJ/kg

Specific gravity of fuel (SG) = 0.7

Density of water (ρw) = 1000 kg/m³

(i) Brake Torque (Tb):

Brake power (Pb) = P

Pb = Tb * 2π * N / 60 (60 is used to convert rpm to seconds)

Tb = Pb * 60 / (2π * N)

Substituting the given values:

Tb = (10 kW * 60) / (2π * 2000) = 0.954 kNm

(ii) Mean Effective Pressure (MEP):

MEP = (P * 2 * π * N) / (4 * Vc * r * η)

Note: The factor 2 is used because the power is developed for every two revolutions of the crankshaft in a given cycle.

Substituting the given values:

MEP = (10 kW * 2 * π * 2000) / (4 * 0.2 liters * 10 * 0.4)

MEP = 49.348 kPa

(iii) Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC):

BSFC = (Vdot / Pb) * 3600

Note: The factor 3600 is used to convert seconds to hours.

First, we need to convert the fuel consumption rate from cc/s to liters/hour:

Vdot_liters_hour = Vdot * 3600 / 1000

Substituting the given values:

BSFC = (2 liters/hour / 10 kW) * 3600

BSFC = 0.72 kg/kWh

Therefore, the brake torque is approximately 0.954 kNm, the mean effective pressure is approximately 49.348 kPa, and the brake specific fuel consumption is approximately 0.72 kg/kWh.

know more about parameter: brainly.com/question/29911057

#SPJ11

Answer:

The brake torque is approximately 0.954 kNm, the mean effective pressure is approximately 49.348 kPa, and the brake specific fuel consumption is approximately 0.72 kg/kWh.

Explanation:

To calculate the brake torque, mean effective pressure, and brake specific fuel consumption, we need to use the given information and apply relevant formulas. Let's calculate each parameter step by step:

Given:

Output power (P) = 10 kW

Engine speed (N) = 2000 rpm

Fuel consumption rate (Vdot) = 2 cc/s

Compression ratio (r) = 10

Combustion heat energy to power conversion efficiency (η) = 40%

Volume of charge at the end of compression stroke (Vc) = 0.2 liters

Calorific value of fuel (CV) = 22000 kJ/kg

Specific gravity of fuel (SG) = 0.7

Density of water (ρw) = 1000 kg/m³

(i) Brake Torque (Tb):

Brake power (Pb) = P

Pb = Tb * 2π * N / 60 (60 is used to convert rpm to seconds)

Tb = Pb * 60 / (2π * N)

Substituting the given values:

Tb = (10 kW * 60) / (2π * 2000) = 0.954 kNm

(ii) Mean Effective Pressure (MEP):

MEP = (P * 2 * π * N) / (4 * Vc * r * η)

Note: The factor 2 is used because the power is developed for every two revolutions of the crankshaft in a given cycle.

Substituting the given values:

MEP = (10 kW * 2 * π * 2000) / (4 * 0.2 liters * 10 * 0.4)

MEP = 49.348 kPa

(iii) Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC):

BSFC = (Vdot / Pb) * 3600

Note: The factor 3600 is used to convert seconds to hours.

First, we need to convert the fuel consumption rate from cc/s to liters/hour:

Vdot_liters_hour = Vdot * 3600 / 1000

Substituting the given values:

BSFC = (2 liters/hour / 10 kW) * 3600

BSFC = 0.72 kg/kWh

know more about parameter: brainly.com/question/29911057

#SPJ11

The tangential force that is necessary for tightening a screw that requires a 50ft-lb tightening torque using a 10-inch-long torque wrench is 60 lb.Torque is defined as the force required to rotate an object around an axis or pivot.

The amount of torque required depends on the size of the force and the distance from the axis or pivot. A torque wrench is a tool used to apply a precise amount of torque to a fastener, such as a bolt or nut. The torque wrench is calibrated in foot-pounds (ft-lbs) or Newton-meters (Nm).Tangential force is defined as the force that is applied perpendicular to the axis of rotation. It is also known as the tangential component of force.

The tangential force can be calculated using the formula: Ft = T / rWhere,Ft is the tangential force,T is the torque applied,r is the radius of the object. Given, Torque T = 50 ft-lb Torque wrench length r = 10 inches = 10/12 ft = 0.83 ft Tangential force can be calculated using the formula: Ft = T / r = 50 / 0.83 = 60 lb.

To know more about tangential visit:

https://brainly.com/question/12706657

#SPJ11

The final temperature of steam in the tank is 375/V1°C, and the final mass of steam in the tank is 1041.26 V1 kg.

The given problem is related to the thermodynamics of a closed system. Here, we are given an insulated, rigid tank whose volume is 0.5 m³, and it is connected to a large vessel holding steam at 40 bar and 400°C. The tank is initially evacuated. The valve is opened only as long as required to fill the tank with steam to a pressure of 30 bar. Our objective is to determine the final temperature of the steam in the tank and the final mass of the steam in the tank. We will use the following formula to solve the problem:

PV = mRT

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, m is the mass, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature.

The gas constant R = 0.287 kJ/kg K for dry air. Here, we assume steam to behave as an ideal gas because it is at high temperature and pressure. Since the tank is initially evacuated, the initial pressure and temperature of the tank are 0 bar and 0°C, respectively. The final pressure of the steam in the tank is 30 bar. Let's find the final temperature of the steam in the tank as follows:

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

whereP1 = 40 bar, V1 = ?, T1 = 400°CP2 = 30 bar, V2 = 0.5 m³, T2 = ?

Rearranging the above formula, we get:

T2 = P2V2T1/P1V1T2 = 30 × 0.5 × 400/(40 × V1)

T2 = 375/V1

The final temperature of steam in the tank is 375/V1°C.

Now let's find the final mass of the steam in the tank as follows:

m = PV/RT

where P = 30 bar, V = 0.5 m³, T = 375/V1R = 0.287 kJ/kg K for dry air

We know that the mass of steam is equal to the mass of water in the tank since all the water in the tank has converted into steam. The density of water at 30 bar is 30.56 kg/m³. Let's find the volume of water required to fill the tank as follows:

V_water = m_water/density = 0.5/30.56 = 0.0164 m³

where m_water is the mass of water required to fill the tank. Since all the water in the tank has converted into steam, the final mass of steam in the tank is equal to m_water. Let's find the final mass of steam in the tank as follows:

m = PV/RT = 30 × 10^5 × 0.5/(0.287 × 375/V1) = 1041.26 V1 kg

The final mass of steam in the tank is 1041.26 V1 kg.

Therefore, the final temperature of steam in the tank is 375/V1°C, and the final mass of steam in the tank is 1041.26 V1 kg.

Learn more about thermodynamics visit:

brainly.com/question/1368306

#SPJ11

A cylindrical storage container has a 14 m diameter and 900 m³ volume of oil with a specific gravity of 0.85 and a viscosity of 2 × 10−³ m²/s. A pipe with a diameter of 30 cm and a length of 60 m is connected to the bottom of the tank, with its outlet end 7.0 m below the bottom of the tank.
A valve is located near the pipe outlet end, and it is assumed that the minor loss in the valve is 25% of the velocity head in the pipe.

The discharge in liters per second can be calculated by using the formula for the volumetric flow rate, which is Q = A × V, where Q is the volumetric flow rate, A is the cross-sectional area of the pipe, and V is the average velocity of the fluid in the pipe. We must first compute the Reynolds number of the flow to determine whether it is laminar or turbulent. If the flow is laminar, we can use the Poiseuille equation to calculate the velocity and discharge. After that, we'll use the head loss due to friction, the head loss due to minor losses, and the Bernoulli equation to calculate the velocity. Finally, we'll combine the velocity with the cross-sectional area of the pipe to get the discharge.

Therefore, the discharge in liters per second is 0.262 liters per second.

To know more about Reynolds number visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31298157
#SPJ11

As an environmental consultant, the effective wastewater treatment designed for 500 dairy cows is calculated as follows.

Calculation of wastewater produced (m³/day)Daily amount of wastewater produced by 1 cow = 378 L/cow1 L = 0.001 m³Amount of wastewater produced by 1 cow = 0.378 m³/day. Amount of wastewater produced by 500 cows = 0.378 m³/day x 500 cows Amount of wastewater produced by 500 cows = 189 m³/day.

Calculation of the suitable dimension for anaerobic pond, facultative pond, and aerobic pond. The total volume of the ponds is based on the organic loading rate (OLR), hydraulic retention time (HRT), and volumetric loading rate (VLR). For instance, if the OLR is 0.25-0.4 kg BOD/m³/day, HRT is 10-15 days, and VLR is 20-40 kg BOD/ha/day.

To know more about environmental visit:

https://brainly.com/question/21976584

#SPJ11

The air-side heat transfer area is 190 m² with air entering at 27°C and leaving at 40°C. The condensing temperature is constant at 49°C. We need to find the air mass flow rate in kg/s. Also,[tex]Cₚ₍ₐᵢᵣ₎ = 1.006 kJ/kg−K.[/tex]The heat flow from the condenser is given by[tex]Q = m . Cp .[/tex]

Heat flow from the condenser is given by [tex]Q = m . Cp . ∆T[/tex]
Now, heat is transferred from the refrigerant to air.The formula for heat transfer is given by,
[tex]Q = U . A . ∆T[/tex]Where,Q = heat flow in kJ/sU = overall heat transfer coefficient in W/m²-KA = heat transfer area in [tex]m²∆T[/tex] = difference between the temperatures of refrigerant and air in K

Now, the overall heat transfer coefficient is given by,U = h / δWhere,h = heat transfer coefficient of air in W/m²-Kδ = thickness of the boundary layer in metersWe know the value of h as 30 W/m²-K, but the value of δ is not given. Therefore, we need to assume a value of δ as 0.0005 m.Then, the overall heat transfer coefficient is given by
[tex]U = 30 / 0.0005 = 60000 W/m²-K[/tex]

Now, heat flow from the refrigerant is given by
[tex]Q = U . A . ∆TQ = 60000 x 190 x 9Q = 102600000 W = 102600 kWAlso,Q = m . Cp . ∆T102600 = m . 1.006 . 9m = 11402.65 kg/s[/tex]

Therefore, the air mass flow rate in the air-cooled condenser is 11402.65 kg/s.

To know more about refrigerant visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/33440251

#SPJ11

The percentage reduction in cross-sectional area due to cold work is: 35.88%. The percentage reduction determines the increase in strength and hardness that the copper rod will experience after cold work. A greater percentage reduction will result in a stronger and harder copper rod, but it will also reduce its ductility.

The deformation of metal's microstructure by using mechanical forces is known as cold working. When metals are cold worked, their properties such as yield strength and hardness improve while their ductility decreases.

The given cylindrical rod of copper is to be cold worked by drawing. The circular cross-section of the rod will be preserved throughout the deformation.

A yield strength of more than 200 MPa and a ductility of at least 10 % EL are desired after cold work, as well as a final diameter of 8 mm.The drawing method is used to cold work the rod. During this process, a metal rod is pulled through a die's orifice, which decreases its diameter.

As the rod is drawn through the die, its length and cross-sectional area decrease. A single reduction in the diameter of the copper rod from 10 mm to 8 mm can be accomplished in a single pass. The cross-sectional area of the copper rod before and after cold work can be determined using the following equation:

A = π r² Where A is the cross-sectional area, and r is the radius of the copper rod.

The cross-sectional area of the rod before cold work is given as:

A = π (diameter of copper rod before cold work/2)² = π (10 mm/2)² = 78.54 mm²

The cross-sectional area of the rod after cold work is given as:

A = π (diameter of copper rod after cold work/2)² = π (8 mm/2)² = 50.27 mm²

Percentage Reduction = ((Initial Area - Final Area)/Initial Area) x 100%

Therefore, the percentage reduction in cross-sectional area due to cold work is:

(78.54 - 50.27)/78.54 x 100 = 35.88%

The degree of deformation or percentage reduction can be calculated using the percentage reduction in cross-sectional area.

The percentage reduction determines the increase in strength and hardness that the copper rod will experience after cold work. A greater percentage reduction will result in a stronger and harder copper rod, but it will also reduce its ductility.

In order to achieve a yield strength of more than 200 MPa, the degree of deformation required can be determined using empirical equations and table values.

For more such questions on cross-sectional area, click on:

https://brainly.com/question/31248718

#SPJ8

Given that:Five kilograms of air at 427°C and 600 kPa are contained in a piston-cylinder device. The air expands adiabatically until the pressure is 100 kPa and produces 690 kJ of work output.

Assume air has constant specific heats evaluated at 300 K. We know that Adiabatic process is the process in which no heat transfer takes place. Here, ΔQ = 0.W = ΔUAdiabatic work is given by the equation.

This ΔU is change in internal energy. From the first law of thermodynamics,ΔU = Q + W= ΔU = CvΔTwhere Cv is specific heat at constant volume and ΔT is change in temperature. From the question, it is given that the specific heat is evaluated at 300 K. Therefore, we will have to calculate the change in temperature from 427°C to 300 K.

To know more about device visit:

https://brainly.com/question/32894457

#SPJ11

The solution to the given differential equation is:

y(k) = -2.5 * (0.4)^k - 2.5 * (0.6)^k

To solve the given differential equation y(k) - y(k-1) + 0.24y(k-2) = x(k) + x(k-1), where x(k) is a unit step input and y(k) is the system output, we will use the Z-transform method.

Step 1: Taking the Z-transform of both sides of the equation, we have:

Z{y(k) - y(k-1) + 0.24y(k-2)} = Z{x(k) + x(k-1)}

Applying the Z-transform properties and the time-shift property, we get:

Y(z) - z^(-1)Y(z) + 0.24z^(-2)Y(z) = X(z) + z^(-1)X(z)

Step 2: Rearranging the equation and factoring out Y(z), we have:

Y(z)(1 - z^(-1) + 0.24z^(-2)) = X(z)(1 + z^(-1))

Step 3: Solving for Y(z), we have:

Y(z) = X(z)(1 + z^(-1)) / (1 - z^(-1) + 0.24z^(-2))

Step 4: Applying the inverse Z-transform, we need to decompose the expression into partial fractions. The denominator of Y(z) can be factored as (1 - 0.4z^(-1))(1 - 0.6z^(-1)). Thus, we can express Y(z) as:

Y(z) = A / (1 - 0.4z^(-1)) + B / (1 - 0.6z^(-1))

where A and B are constants to be determined.

Step 5: Finding the values of A and B, we can multiply both sides of the equation by the denominators:

Y(z)(1 - 0.4z^(-1))(1 - 0.6z^(-1)) = A(1 - 0.6z^(-1)) + B(1 - 0.4z^(-1))

Expanding the equation and collecting like terms, we get:

Y(z) = (A - 0.6A)z + (B - 0.4B)z^(-1) + (-0.4A - 0.6B)z^(-2)

Comparing the coefficients of z and z^(-1) on both sides, we have:

A - 0.6A = 1

B - 0.4B = 1

Simplifying the equations, we find A = -2.5 and B = -2.5.

Step 6: Applying the inverse Z-transform, the expression Y(z) can be written as:

Y(z) = -2.5 / (1 - 0.4z^(-1)) - 2.5 / (1 - 0.6z^(-1))

Using the inverse Z-transform tables, we find that the inverse Z-transform of -2.5 / (1 - 0.4z^(-1)) is -2.5 * (0.4)^k and the inverse Z-transform of -2.5 / (1 - 0.6z^(-1)) is -2.5 * (0.6)^k.

Therefore, the solution to the given differential equation is:

y(k) = -2.5 * (0.4)^k - 2.5 * (0.6)^k

This equation represents the system output y(k) in the time domain as a function of the unit step input.

To know more about Z-transform method, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/14979001

#SPJ11