Starting with cyclohexene, a reasonable synthesis of the cyclohexene derivative would include the following four steps:
Step 1: Oxymercuration-demercuration
When cyclohexene is treated with mercury(II) acetate (Me2Cu) in the presence of an alcohol (such as methanol) in a polar aprotic solvent such as acetone, a cyclohexene derivative with a hydroxyl group on carbon 3 is formed.
Because this is a reversible reaction, the product can be isolated in large quantities by removing the mercury ion.
Step 2: Alkylation
Step 1 alcohol is then alkylated with methyl iodide (CH3I) in the presence of a base (such as sodium hydroxide) to yield a cyclohexene derivative with a methyl group on carbon 3.
Step 3: Alkylation
Step 2 results in a cyclohexene derivative with two methyl groups on carbon 3 that is alkylated again with methyl iodide (CH3I) in the presence of a base (such as sodium hydroxide).
Step 4: oxidation
To convert the alcohol on carbon 3 to a carboxylic acid, the product from step 3 is oxidized with an oxidizing agent such as pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) or Jones reagent.
The end result is a 6-carbon ring with a double bond between carbons 1 and 2 and a substituent on carbon 3, which is a carbon bonded to two methyl groups and a hydroxy group.
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In each compound below, two protons are color-coded (red and blue). Determine which of the two protons is more acidic, and explain your choice: O The red proton is more acidic because its conjugate base is more stable, with a negative charge on the less electronegative carbon atom. O The red proton is more acidic because its conjugate base is less stable, with a negative charge on the less electronegative carbon atomO The blue proton is more acidic because its conjugate base is more stable, with a negative charge on the more electronegative oxygen atom. O The blue proton is more acidic because its conjugate base is less stable, with a negative charge on the more electronegative oxygen atom
"The blue proton is more acidic because its conjugate base is less stable, with a negative charge on the more electronegative oxygen atom." is the correct choice
The acidity of a proton depends on the stability of its conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the less acidic the proton.
In this case, the blue proton is bonded to an oxygen atom, which is more electronegative than the carbon atom to which the red proton is bonded.
When the blue proton is removed, the resulting negative charge is delocalized onto the oxygen atom, which is more electronegative, therefore the conjugate base is less stable, making the blue proton more acidic.
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describe an example of temperature causing a change in the size of matter.
Change in temperature when quicklime reacts with water.
What's an example of a temperature change?When ice cubes are separated from the freezer and conducted to room temperature, they turn into a liquid. This temperature is the boiling point of water. Heat makes water molecules move fast. Cooling air causes water vapor to change to a liquid. Water changes rapidly into a gas when water is heated to a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius or 212 degrees Fahrenheit.
When energy is free in an exothermic reaction, the temperature of the reaction mixture increases. When energy is soal up in an endothermic reaction, the temperature decreases.
So we can conclude that Some chemical reactions are distinguished by changes in temperature.
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Ionic bonds
Need help on 9-11
BaSO4 is an ionic compound as it contains SO4 polyatomic ions in it.
Basically BaSO4 molecule does not have its own original shape as it is only an ionic compound and there is no bonding between Ba and SO4 ions, there is just sharing of electrons within the molecule.
Thus BaSO4 lewis structure does not have any shape.
What is the Lewis structure?
Lewis structure is a very simplified representation of the valence electrons in a molecule. It is used to show how electrons are arranged around individual atoms in a molecule. Electrons are shown as "dots" or for connecting electrons as a line between two atoms.To know more about lewis structures, click the link given below:
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A solution contains both iron(II) and iron(III) ions. A 50.00-mL sample of the solution is titrated with 35.0 mL of 0.0280 M KMnO4, which oxidizes Fe2+ to Fe3+. The permanganate ion is reduced to manganese(II) ion. The equation for this reaction is
The equation for this reaction is
MnO4-(aq)+5Fe2+ (aq) +8H+ → Mn2+(aq)+5Fe3+(aq)+4H20
Concentration of Fe2+ in sample is 98 * 10 - 3 mole/L.
Concentration of Fe3+ in sample is 36.4×10-3 mole/L
Volume of sample = 50.0 mL
Volume of KMnO4 = 35.0 mL
Molarity of KMnO4 = 0.0280M
2MnO4-(aq) +8H+(aq) + 5Fe * 2 + (aq) Mn2+ (aq) + 5Fe * 3 + (aq) +4H20
2Fe3+(aq)+Zn(s) → 2Fe2+(aq)+Zn2+(aq)
The resulting solution titrated witH:
Volume of KMnO4 = 48.0 mL
Molarity of KMnO4 = 0.0280 M
The given reaction is:
2Mn) 4 - (aq) + 8H +(aq) + 5Fe * 2 + (aq) Mn2+ (aq) + 5Fe * 3 + (aq) +4H20
Divide the above redox reaction into two half reactions that is oxidation half reaction and reduction
Oxidation Half reaction:
Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)
Reduction half reaction:
MnO4-(aq) → Mn2+(aq) -
Assign oxidation states to each element in the above reactions.
Oxidation Half reaction:
Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)
Reduction half reaction: Mn+704--2(aq) → Mn2++2(aq) Balance the elements except oxygen.
Oxidation Half reaction:
Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)
Reduction half reaction:
Mn+704--2(aq) → Mn2++2(aq)
Now, add number of electrons (required) to that side of reaction where
reduction occurs.
Oxidation Half reaction:
Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)+e-
Reduction half reaction:
Mn+704--2(aq)+5e- +8H+ → Mn2++2(aq)
Balance the hydrogen and oxygen atoms by adding water molecules.
Oxidation Half reaction:
Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)+e-
Reduction half reaction:
Mn+704--2(aq)+5e- +8H+ → Mn2++2(aq)+4H20
Multiply the oxidation half reaction with 5 to balance the number of electrons in both reactions.
Oxidation Half reaction:
5Fe2+(aq) → 5Fe3+(aq)+5e- -
Reduction half reaction: Mn+704--2(aq)+5e- Now, add both reactions.
+8H+ → Mn2++2(aq)+4H20
Mn+704--2(aq)+5e- +8H+ → Mn2++2(aq)+4H20 5Fe2+(aq) → 5Fe3+(aq)+5e-
MnO4-(aq)+5Fe2+ (aq) +8H+ → Mn2+(aq)+5Fe3+(aq)+4H20
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when a system is at equilibrium, the reaction enter the correct word or phrase: is equal the equilibrium constant.
When a chemical system is in equilibrium, it signifies that the forward and reverse reactions are occurring at the same pace. This implies that the concentration of reactants and products.
remains constant over time. The equilibrium constant (Kc) is the ratio of the concentration of products to their stoichiometric coefficients at equilibrium to the concentration of reactants to their stoichiometric coefficients. It is a constant measure of the relative intensity of forward and reverse reactions at a particular temperature and pressure. At equilibrium, the forward reaction rate equals the reverse reaction rate, ensuring that the concentration of reactants and products stays constant. when a system is at equilibrium, the reaction enter the correct word or phrase: is equal the equilibrium constant. The system is said to be in this state.The forward and reverse reflexes are continuously balanced in a condition of dynamic equilibrium.
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A tank holds 52.9 cm3 of water. What is the volume in in3?
The volume of the tank that holds 52.9cm³ of water in cubic inches is 3.23 in³.
How to calculate volume?Volume refers to a three-dimensional measure of space that comprises a length, a width and a height.
Volume is measured in units of cubic centimeters in metric, cubic inches or cubic feet in English measurement.
According to this question, a tank holds 52.9cm³ of water. This volume can be converted to cubic inches as follows:
1 cubic centimetre (cm³) = 0.061 cubic inch (in³)
Hence, 3.23 in³ is the volume in cubic inches.
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What is the density of the cake in grams/cm3 if it is in a 9.0 X 13 inch pan and in an inch tall and weighs 3.4 pounds?
The density of the cake in grams/cm3 if it is in a 9.0 X 13 inch pan and in an inch tall and weighs 3.4 pounds is 5.189g/cm³.
What is Density?This is a term which is referred to as the mass of a unit volume of a material substance. The formula for density is d = M/V, where d is density, M is mass, and V is volume.
The mass is 3.4 pounds which must be converted to grams. One pound is equal to 453.592 grams therefore 3.4pound = 3.4 pounds × 453.592 = 1542.2g.
9.0 X 13 inch pan and in an inch tall therefore the volume is 117inch³ when converted to cm will be 117inch³ × 2.54 = 297.18cm³ .
Density = mass/volume
= 1542.2g / 297.18cm³ = 5.189g/cm³.
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If an electron emits 3 eV of energy, what is the corresponding wavelength of the emitted photon? (Note: 1 eV = 1.60 x 10-19 J, h = 6.626 x 10-34 J x s)
If an electron emits 3 eV of energy, what is the corresponding wavelength of the emitted photon will be 4.12 × 10 ^-7.
The distance between corresponding points (adjacent crests) in adjoining cycles of such a waveform signal carried in space or along a wire is defined as the wavelength. This length is typically defined in wireless communication systems as meters (m), centimeters (cm), or millimetres (mm) (mm).
E = hc/ wavelength...(i)
It is given that,
E = ev
h = 6.626 x 10-34 J x s
Putting the values of given data in above equation.
Wavelength = hc/E
Wavelength = 6.626 x 10-34 J x s ×3× 10^8 /3 ×1 .60 x 10-19 J,
Wavelength = 19.8 × 10^-26 /4.8 x 10-19 J
Wavelength = 4.12 × 10 ^-7.
Therefore, the wavelength will be 4.12 × 10 ^-7.
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How many hydrogen atoms are in : (NH,)CO,?
NH2CO is the chemical compound known as Formamide, it is a molecule that consists of one nitrogen atom, two hydrogen atoms, one carbon atom, and one oxygen atom. Therefore, the number of hydrogen atoms in NH2CO is 2.
when disposable gloves provide limited chemical protection, which of the fololowing are additional best practices
Disposable gloves are ones that you use only once and then discard. They can safeguard both the individual you're caring for and your health.
They aid in preventing the transfer of disease and germs to both you and the other person.
When handling bodily fluids such as saliva, blood, urine, or stool from a loved one, use gloves. And when washing a loved one, some individuals wear gloves. Additionally, gloves can be worn when administering immunizations and applying medications to the skin.
Gloves won't stop you from sticking something sharp into your flesh. Body fluids can spread illness, therefore gloves can assist. However, if there are instances when you decide against using gloves or don't have any, keep your hands as sanitized as you can.
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Answer:
- Changing frequently, especially between tasks
- Hand washing each time you remove your gloves
- Using each pair just once
An electromagnet can be made by wrapping wire around which object?
By encircling an iron core with wire, an electromagnet can be created. The required magnetic field is increased when the core is constructed of a ferromagnetic material like iron.
An electromagnet is what?By running electricity through the wire that is twisted around an iron core, a transient magnet is created.
Ferromagnetic materials are those that, even in the absence of an external magnetic field, exhibit spontaneous net magnetization at the atomic level.
How do magnetic fields work?The area where the force of magnetism acts around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge is known as the magnetic field, which is a vector.
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Deduce the structure, and give the IUPAC name, of the ester used to obtain the 1H NMR spectrum below.
The IUPAC name is isobutyl propanate .Isobutyl propionate is widely used in food and beverage industries as a rum flavor.
Obtain the 1H NMR spectrum below?
The number of signals these molecule's produce in a 1H NMR spectrum can be determined just by counting the number of distinct hydrogens on one side of the plane of symmetry.NMR spectroscopy commonly used for compound analysis is 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Techniques can be used to determine the structure conformation, the number of protons, and the number of carbons in the structure of a chemical compound.Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (proton NMR, hydrogen-1 NMR, or 1H NMR) is the application of nuclear magnetic resonance in NMR spectroscopy with respect to hydrogen-1 nuclei within the molecules of a substance, in order to determine the structure of its molecules.To learn more about ester refer to:
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Plasma is an electrically charged state of matter that is created from superheating a gas. In a bottle containing plasma, there are 100 negatively charged ions and 96 positively charged ions. What is the charge of the bottle of plasma?
a. +4 Charge
b. +196 Charge
c. -196 Charge
d. -4 Charge
Answer:
-4
Explanation:
The charge of the bottle of plasma would be -4, because 100 negatively charged ions (-) have a total charge of -100, and 96 positively charged ions (+) have a total charge of 96. When you subtract -100 from 96, you get -4.
you are better at performing lab experiments, and your lab partner is better at writing lab reports. so the two of you agree that you will do all the experiments, and she will write up all the reports.
The correct answer for the question is there are gains from the trade.
What is the principle that is stated above?There are gains from trade, which is a principle that can be mutually beneficial to each other.Trade is the activity of economic stakeholders exchanging products or services to meet their demands.The surplus of benefits from trade is referred to as the gain from trade. The parties' demands are met by exchanging similar goods or services.The gains from the trade are described as someone’s strength in their fields being shared with others who have their own strengths. It can be linked with trade, in which the economic agents offer their products to each other.Your question seems incomplete, it might be:
You are better at performing lab experiments, and your lab partner is better at writing lab reports. So, the two of you agree that you will do all the experiments, and she will write up all the reports. What term in individual principle is this?
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the relationship between moles of a solute dissolved and the moles of solute particles in solution is expressed as the van't hoff factor, i i, where: i =___
i = moles of solute in solution/moles of solute dissolved.
where i is called the van't hoff factor.
In a solution, solute ion association results in values less than 1.
In a solution, solute particles that interact together produce values greater than 1.
What is van't hoff factor?The ratio of the final moles after dissociation or association to the initial moles before to dissociation or association of an electrolyte in a solution is known as the Van't Hoff factor. The number of particles in the solute is a characteristic that is independent to the concentration of the solution.
The Van't Hoff factor illustrates how solutes affect the colligative properties of the solution. The Van't Hoff factor, which is produced when a substance is combined with its mass concentration, is the concentration ratio of the resulting particles.
The Van't Hoff factor's application in indicating the colligative properties is a significant attribute.
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The relationship between moles of a solute dissolved and the moles of solute is expressed as the van't hoff factor, i where i = 1 + α(n – 1)
Van’t Hoff factor is defined as the the number of moles of particles formed in solution per mole of solute. It is the property of the solute and expressed as "i". It does not depend on concentration for an ideal solution. The van’t Hoff factor of a real solution may be lower than the calculated value for a real solution. At high concentration values or when the solute ions associate with one another. The van’t Hoff factor is a positive number. It is not always an integer value. It is equal to 1 for a solute that does not dissociate into ions. It is greater than 1 for most salts and acids and less than 1 for solutes that form associations when dissolved.
Where, i = 1 + α(n – 1)
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calculate the concentration of pb2 (in m) when the cell reaches equilibrium, assuming that the volume of solution in both half cells are the same
You need to know the following details to determine the concentration of Pb2+ when the cell achieves equilibrium:the two half-cells' original Pb2+ concentrationsthe half-electrode cell's potential for Pb2+ and lead
A chemical system is said to be in equilibrium when the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal. The concentrations of the reactants and products are constant at equilibrium. When there is no net change in the concentration of reactants or products over time, a chemical system is said to be in equilibrium.When the rates of the forward and reverse processes are equal and the concentrations of reactants and products are constant, a closed system has reached equilibrium. Equilibrium is attained in an open system when the rate of reactant input equals the rate of product outflow.Dynamic equilibrium and thermodynamic equilibrium are the two different kinds of equilibrium. Dynamic balance
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I need it asappp...
a. sky. diver. that jumps from a plane falls down. towards the ground. when he. opens his parachute he will slow down explain the. forces that. are acting. on it
The forces that act on the parachute are;
UpthrustWeight and Drag forceWhat are the forces that act on the parachute?We know that force is a vector, as such, the direction of the force ie very important. We ought to know that the force that acts on the parachute is such that would be able to lower its speed.
There are three forces that are acting on the parachute and they are;
1) Weight of the parachute
2) Upthrust on the parachute
3) Drag force on the parachute
The first and last forces reduces the speed of the parachute.
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for the problem listed in part b), what is the sodium carbonate concentration when the solution is prepared. g
500 mL of water contain 1.00 moles of sodium carbonate. As opposed to moles per 500 mL, moles per liter is a more practical way to represent concentration.
What is the sodium carbonate?Na2CO3 is the chemical formula for sodium carbonate, a diazonium salt of carbonic acid. Furthermore, it goes by the names soda crystals, soda ash, and washing soda. This inorganic substance may dissolve in water and produces sodium hydroxide and carbonic acid when it does. It has a white powdery appearance and no odor when it is pure.Titration with standard hydrochloric acid using methyl orange as the indicator yields the following equation: Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2O + CO2. This yields the Na2CO3 content of the given sample. Na2CO3 has a molecular weight that is half that of its corresponding weight (M). It follows that M/2 g of Na2CO3 is equivalent to 1000 ml of 1 N HCl.Example:
After dissolving the sodium carbonate, the volumetric flask was filled to the 500 mL line.One mole of sodium carbonate per 500 mL is the concentration.Moles per liter are a more practical unit of measurement for concentration than moles per 500 mL.To Learn more About sodium carbonate refer To:
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What types of bonds are present in an ionic compound that contains a polyatomic ion?
Answer:
In Explanation
Explanation:
An ionic compound that contains a polyatomic ion is a chemical compound made up of two or more ions that are held together by ionic bonds. Ionic bonds form when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another, creating ions with a positive or negative charge. In the case of an ionic compound that contains a polyatomic ion, the compound will contain at least one ion made up of more than one atom. These ions are called polyatomic ions and they have a net electrical charge. The ionic compound will be held together by the electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative ions.
A student removes a chemical sample from a reagent bottle to be used in an experiment. What should he do with any excess chemical remaining from this sample after the experiment is complete?
Select one:
Check and see if anyone else can use the chemical. If not, discard in the proper waste container.
Conduct a second trial of the experiment with the excess chemical.
Discard the chemical down the sink under running water.
Clean a spatula thoroughly, then use it to add the chemical back into the reagent bottle.
The correct statement from the given option is as follows : Check and see if anyone else can use the chemical. If not, discard in the proper waste container.
A student removes the chemical sample from the reagent bottle to used in an experiment. He should do with any excess chemical that is remaining from that sample after the experiment is complete is he should Check and see if anyone else can use the chemical. If not, discard in the proper waste container.
The remaining chemical can not return to the bottle because , if the student return the this leftover sample, than it can contaminate the entire sample store in the container.
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According to the law of conservation of mass, which statement about chemical reactions is always true?
Answer: The total mass of the products must be equal to the total mass of the reactants
Explanation:
What is the symbolic expression for the equilibrium constant for the reaction: 2 C2H6(g) + 7 O2(g) ⇌ 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g)?
Considering the definition of equilibrium constant, the equilibrium molar the symbolic expression for the equilibrium constant is ([tex][CO_{2} ]^{4}[/tex]×[tex][H_{2} O]^{6}[/tex])÷ ([tex][C_{2}H_{6} ]^{2}[/tex]×[tex][O_{2} ]^{7}[/tex])
Equilibrium constantEquilibrium is a state of a reactant system in which no changes are observed as time passes, despite the fact that the substances present continue to react with each other.
The concentration of reactants and products at equilibrium is related by the equilibrium constant Kc. Its value in a chemical reaction depends on the temperature and the expression of a reaction aA + bB ⇄ cC + dD is
Kc= ([tex][C]^{c}[/tex]×[tex][D]^{d}[/tex])÷ ([tex][A]^{a}[/tex]×[tex][B]^{b}[/tex])
That is, the constant Kc is equal to the multiplication of the concentrations of the products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients by the multiplication of the concentrations of the reactants also raised to their stoichiometric coefficients.
Symbolic expression for the equilibrium constant in this caseThe balanced reaction is:
2 C₂H₆(g) + 7 O₂(g) ⇆ 4 CO₂(g) + 6 H₂O(g)
The constant Kc can be expressed as:
Kc= ([tex][CO_{2} ]^{4}[/tex]×[tex][H_{2} O]^{6}[/tex])÷ ([tex][C_{2}H_{6} ]^{2}[/tex]×[tex][O_{2} ]^{7}[/tex])
Finally, the equilibrium molar concentration is ([tex][CO_{2} ]^{4}[/tex]×[tex][H_{2} O]^{6}[/tex])÷ ([tex][C_{2}H_{6} ]^{2}[/tex]×[tex][O_{2} ]^{7}[/tex])
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select all statements that correctly describe the mechanism of the reduction of acid chlorides and esters with a metal-hydride reducing agent.
The statements that correctly describe the mechanism of the reduction of acid chlorides and esters with a metal-hydride reducing agent.
An aldehyde is produced in Step 2 of the mechanism. In Step 2 the π bond is re-formed. In Step 2 of ester reduction, an alkoxide leaving group is expelled from the tetrahedral intermediate.Definition of ReductionReduction is a reaction in which the oxidation number decreases and electrons gain. It can be said that reduction is a reaction in which a substance loses oxygen.
Definition of OxidationOxidation is a reaction that has an increase in oxidation number and a decrease in electrons. It can be said that oxidation is a reaction in which a substance binds oxygen.
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HELP!!!!!!
You add 9.6 g of iron to 23.60 mL of water and observe that the volume of iron and water together is 24.82 mL. Calculate the density of iron.
Express you’re answer to two significant figures with the appropriate units.
Answer I need is Value and the Units
The density of the iron placed in the water is 7.87g/mL.
How to calculate density?Density is the measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume. The density of a substance can be calculated by dividing the mass of a substance by its volume as follows:
Density = mass ÷ volume
According to this question, one adds 9.6 g of iron to 23.60 mL of water and observe that the volume of iron and water together is 24.82 mL.
Volume of iron = 24.82mL - 23.60mL = 1.22mL
Density of iron = 9.6g ÷ 1.22mL
Density of iron = 7.87g/mL
Therefore, 7.87g/mL is the density of the iron.
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Photochemical smog forms when ________ and ________ are trapped by a thermalinversion and ozone, nitrogen dioxide and PAN form.A) hydrocarbons; leadB) volatile organic compounds; oxides of nitrogenC) carbon monoxide; sulfur dioxideD) carbon dioxide; lead
Photochemical smog forms when (B) volatile organic compounds and oxides of nitrogen are trapped by a thermal inversion and ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and PAN.
When sunlight interacts with nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a mixture of pollutants known as photochemical smog is produced. This results in the formation of a brown haze that hangs over urban areas. Since there is more sunshine in the summer, this phenomenon tends to happen more frequently during that time of year. Primary sources of pollution.
When sunlight interacts with nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a mixture of pollutants known as photochemical smog is produced. This results in the formation of a brown haze that hangs over urban areas.
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Categorize each gas phase reaction with the expected volume change when the absolute temperature is doubled. 3A + B rightarrow A_ B A + B_ rightarrow AB_ 2A_ + 3B_ rightarrow 2AB_ 2AB + B_ rightarrow 2AB_ 2AB_ rightarrow A_ + 2B_ A_ + B_ rightarrow 2AB Volume stays the same Volume doubles Volume triples Some other volume change occurs
Each gas phase reaction is categorized according to the volume present before and after the reaction.
Gas-phase reactions can be defined as the intramolecular or intermolecular reactions that takes place between different phases of gas. Intramolecular reactions are defined as the reactions which involves decomposition of precursor molecules into activated species, and these species are further involved in the CVD process.
When the volume stays the same the gas phase reaction is given as,
A + B₂ → AB₂
When the volume is doubled the gas phase reaction is given as,
A₂ + B₂ → 2AB
When the volume is tripled the gas phase reaction is given as,
2AB₂ → A₂ + 2B₂
At some other volume changes different gas phase reactions are as follows,
2AB + B₂ → 2AB₂
2A₂ + 3B₂ → 2AB₃
3A + B → A₃B
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How many electronically non-equivalent kinds of protons, and how many kinds of carbons are present in the following compound?
(Don't forget that cyclohexane rings can undergo ring flips).
a. Kinds of protons : ______
b. Kinds of carbons : ______
The following compound contains protons and carbons that are not electronically equivalent. Proton types 6 and carbon types 6.
A proton is a stable subatomic particle with a positive charge equal to one electron charge and a rest mass of 1.67262 1027 kg, or 1,836 times the mass of an electron.
Except for the hydrogen nucleus, all atomic nuclei are composed of protons and neutrons, which are electrically neutral particles. Every chemical element's nucleus contains the same number of protons. This number specifies an element's atomic number and determines its position in the periodic table. An atom is electrically neutral when the number of protons in its nucleus equals the number of electrons orbiting it.
The proton was discovered during the early stages of atomic structure research.
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According to the Costa Rica Rainforests Outward Bound School, the rain forests of the
world are disappearing at a rate of 80 acres per minute, day and night. In December 2000,
53,694,993 acres of rain forest were destroyed. Which of the following facts about rain
forests illustrates the negative effect of their destruction on the environment?
A. Trees from the rain forest are used to supply the growing population with lumber for
homes and furniture.
B. The release of carbon dioxide into the air during the burning of the rain forests adds
to the greenhouse effect.
C. The soil of the rain forest is low in nutrients, so farmers cannot reuse the same land
every year.
D. Ranchers clear and use the land for pastures for their cattle because land is
inexpensive.
E. Almost half of the tropical rain forest deforestation occurs in South America.
Answer:
B. The release of carbon dioxide into the air during the burning of the rain forests adds to the greenhouse effect.
The destruction of rainforests has a negative impact on the environment, one of which is the release of carbon dioxide into the air during the burning of the rainforests, contributing to the greenhouse effect, which leads to global warming, and climate change. This is a significant negative effect of the destruction of the rainforests.
According to the passage, which of the following compounds can the worker use to catalyze the cleavage of a triglyceride (base-catalysis)?
A) HCl (aq)
B) NaCl (aq)
C) NaOH (aq)
D) Na2SO4 (aq)
Option C: According to the passage, base-catalyzed triglyceride (ester) cleavage occurs. NaCl and Na2SO4 are salted, while HCl is an acid. Only NaOH is a base that can catalyze ester saponification.
In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one acidic hydrogen atom of that acid (H) is replaced by an organyl group (R). A carboxylic acid and alcohol substitution reaction is an example of ester formation. Glycerides are fatty acid esters of glycerol; they are important in biology because they are one of the main classes of lipids and make up the majority of animal fats and vegetable oils. Esters can be formed from oxoacids (for example, acetic acid, orthocarbonic acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, nitric acid, and xanthic acid esters), but also from acids that do not contain oxygen (e.g. esters of thiocyanic acid, hydrogen chloride, trithiocarbonic acid, tricyanomethane).
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Systemic lupus erythematosus, or lupus, affects a few million people in the United States.
Most of these people are young women. Lupus is a chronic, autoimmune disease that
affects connective tissue in any part of the body. An attack can damage organs and the
nervous system. What conclusion can be drawn about lupus?
A. Most victims of lupus are middle-aged women.
B. Hormones most likely are unrelated to the lupus disease.
C. Lupus is easy for a physician to diagnose.
D. Lupus can affect almost every system of the body.
E. It is uncommon to have skin problems with lupus.
The conclusion that can be drawn about lupus is that: Lupus can affect almost every system of the body. Option D. is the correct answer.
What is Lupus (SLE)?
This refers to a disease that happens when your body's immune system attacks your own tissues and organs (autoimmune disease).
Lupus (SLE) can affect the following body parts: joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, brain, heart and lungs.
Symptoms differ from person to person but can include fatigue, joint pain, rash and fever. These can get worse from time to time (flare up) and then improve.
Lupus has no cure. Current treatments are based on improving quality of life by controlling symptoms and minimizing flare-ups. This starts with lifestyle modifications, including sun protection and diet. Also, disease management includes medication such as anti-inflammatories and steroids.
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