Cost management is vital for a company to achieve profitability. The same is true for a beverages company like Starbucks. Variance analysis aids in assessing and maintaining profitability at the desired level. This can be achieved by focusing on direct costs. Direct costs include materials and labor costs.
Therefore, Starbucks has made an intricate understanding of direct costs critical to its operations.
Starbucks has faced challenges in cost reduction since its profitability relies on making every high-quality beverage at the lowest possible cost. Any significant reduction in quality can lead to a decrease in sales, which can ultimately lead to lower profitability. As a result, cost reduction should be done while keeping the quality of products intact. Starbucks has been able to minimize its direct costs by employing the following methods: Materials Costs: Starbucks has been able to cut its costs by focusing on two primary inputs - coffee and milk. To minimize costs, Starbucks has stopped brewing decaffeinated and darker coffee blends in the afternoon and evening when store traffic is slower. Instead, baristas have been instructed to brew a pot only when a customer orders it. Additionally, the company has switched to 2% milk, which is healthier and costs less, and redoubled efforts to reduce milk-related spoilage. This has helped Starbucks in reducing its costs without compromising on quality. Labor Costs: Starbucks has employed many lean production techniques, such as employing fewer baristas and making drink-making processes more efficient. With 30% of baristas’ time involved in walking around behind the counter, reaching for items, and blending drinks, Starbucks tries to make its drink-making processes more efficient. This has helped Starbucks in reducing labor costs without compromising on quality.
To sum up, a cost management strategy has a direct impact on the profitability of a company like Starbucks. To remain profitable, the company has to focus on its direct costs. This can be achieved by adopting the above methods.
To know more about profitability visit:
https://brainly.com/question/15855326
#SPJ11
A. Suppose you have the following information about a closed economy: (3 marks) C = 50 + 0.80 Yd , I =200, G = 100, Where C is consumption, I is investment, G is Government expenditure and Y is income. a) Find out the equilibrium level of income (Y=Yd as tax is zero) b) Suppose G increases to 125 what is the new equilibrium level of income? c) What level of G is needed to achieve a target income of 2000? B. List the determinants of propensity to consume.
A) A closed economy is one in which the goods and services produced are consumed entirely within that economy. If Y=Yd as tax is zero, then equilibrium occurs when the economy is in balance. In this problem, we are given the following information:
C = 50 + 0.80 Yd
I =200
G = 100
a) To find the equilibrium level of income (Y=Yd as tax is zero), we need to equate the total production with total income.
Y = C + I + G Y = (50 + 0.80 Y) + 200 + 100Y = 350 + 0.80 Y Y - 0.80 Y = 350 Y = 350/0.20 Y = 1750
The equilibrium level of income (Y=Yd as tax is zero) is 1750.
b) When G increases to 125, we can use the equation above to find the new equilibrium level of income.
Y = C + I + G Y = (50 + 0.80 Y) + 200 + 125 Y = 375 + 0.80 Y Y - 0.80 Y = 375 Y = 375/0.20 Y = 1875
The new equilibrium level of income is 1875.
c) To find the level of G needed to achieve a target income of 2000, we can use the equation above and solve for G. Y = C + I + G 2000 = 50 + 0.80 Yd + 200 + G G = 1550
The level of G needed to achieve a target income of 2000 is 1550.B) The determinants of propensity to consume are:
1. Disposable income: The more disposable income an individual has, the higher their propensity to consume.
2. Interest rates: Lower interest rates encourage borrowing, which can increase consumption.
3. Consumer confidence: High levels of consumer confidence can increase consumption.
4. Income distribution: Greater income equality can lead to higher levels of consumption.
5. Savings: Higher levels of savings can decrease consumption.
6. Expectations of future income: Positive expectations of future income can increase consumption.
7. Wealth: Greater wealth can increase consumption.
To know more about equilibrium visit :
https://brainly.com/question/30694482
#SPJ11
Allocatively efficient points are That's not right. B)also productively efficient C)most desired by society D) the least expensive
Allocatively efficient points are the most desired by society.
Allocative efficiency is a situation where a particular good or service is distributed in such a way that it satisfies the wants and needs of a community without wasting resources. Thus, allocative efficient points refer to the most desirable combination of goods and services produced by an economy. It is the point where society's desires match the production capability of the economy. Therefore, the answer is that allocative efficient points are most desired by society.
Similarly, productively efficient points refer to the combination of goods and services that are produced using the least amount of resources. These points occur when the production frontier is maximized. They are the most productive combination of goods and services that an economy can produce. So, the option B is also correct. The option D is wrong as allocative efficiency does not have anything to do with the price. It is all about producing the most desirable goods and services in the most efficient manner.
Learn more about Allocatively efficient points -
https://brainly.com/question/14566650
#SPJ11
Allocatively efficient points are the most desired by society.
Allocative efficiency is a situation where a particular good or service is distributed in such a way that it satisfies the wants and needs of a community without wasting resources. Thus, allocative efficient points refer to the most desirable combination of goods and services produced by an economy. It is the point where society's desires match the production capability of the economy. Therefore, the answer is that allocative efficient points are most desired by society.
Similarly, productively efficient points refer to the combination of goods and services that are produced using the least amount of resources. These points occur when the production frontier is maximized. They are the most productive combination of goods and services that an economy can produce. So, the option B is also correct. The option D is wrong as allocative efficiency does not have anything to do with the price. It is all about producing the most desirable goods and services in the most efficient manner.
Learn more about Allocatively efficient points -
brainly.com/question/14566650
#SPJ11
Teresa works as a civil engineer for Skanska, a large civil engineering firm. Deep in her heart, Teresa feels that a civil engineer should focus on green projects and that her work should be in concert with nature. Teresa has never expressed her feelings to anyone; in fact, she doesn't even think about them herself. But she is happy that her match those of Skanska, which has a reputation for taking on green projects. Suppose that you worked in an organiza ich employees had two main religions: half of the employees were evangelical Christians, and haif of the employees were Muslim. The evang: tians rant the company, and they announced that there would be no time off for Muslim holidays. Instead, everyone in the organization w ren time off at Christmas and Easter. This policy creates a toxic environment for all emple 'ert with nature. Teresa has never expressed her feelings to anyone; in fact, she doesn't even think about match those of Skanska, which has a reputation for taking on green projects. in which employees had two main religions; half of the employees were evangelical Christians, and half of Christians ran the company, and they announced that there would be no time off for Musim holidays. be given time off at Christmas and Easter. This policy creates
Teresa, a civil engineer at Skanska, believes that civil engineering should prioritize green projects and work in harmony with nature. She is pleased that her personal values align with Skanska's reputation for undertaking environmentally friendly projects.
1) Moving on to the second part of your message, it seems that you're presenting a hypothetical scenario involving an organization with employees belonging to two main religions: evangelical Christianity and Islam. The scenario states that the evangelical Christians run the company and have implemented a policy that denies time off for Muslim holidays. Instead, all employees are granted time off during Christmas and Easter, which creates a toxic environment.
2) This scenario highlights a discriminatory policy that favors one religious group over another. Such a policy can indeed create tension, hostility, and a sense of exclusion among the Muslim employees. Workplace inclusivity and religious accommodation are essential for fostering a positive and harmonious work environment.
3) In real-world situations, it is crucial for organizations to embrace diversity, promote equality, and ensure fair treatment for all employees, regardless of their religious beliefs. Implementing policies that respect and accommodate the religious practices and holidays of all employees can help create an inclusive workplace and prevent the creation of a toxic environment.
4) It is essential for organizations to encourage open dialogue, respect diverse perspectives, and consider the needs and values of their employees when making decisions. By fostering an inclusive culture and accommodating religious holidays, organizations can create a more supportive and harmonious work environment for everyone.
Learn more about projects here : brainly.com/question/28476409
#SPJ11
You invested $20,000 in the stock market at the beginning of the year 2018, added another $10,000 at the beginning of 2019, and withdrew all funds at the beginning of 2020. The returns on the stock market were + 10% in 2018 and -10% in 2019 what is the average return earned by your investments? What is the type of average (arithmetic geometric or IRR).
Given that,Initial investment in 2018 = $20,000,Additional investment in 2019 = $10,000,Return in 2018 = +10% = 10/100Return in 2019 = -10% = -10/100.The average return earned by the investments can be calculated using the below formula:
Average return = (Total earnings or returns / Total investment) × 100%
Total investment = Initial investment in 2018 + Additional investment in 2019
Total investment = $20,000 + $10,000 = $30,000
Return in 2018 = 10% of $20,000
Return in 2018 = (10/100) × $20,000 = $2,000
Return in 2019 = -10% of $30,000
Return in 2019 = (-10/100) × $30,000 = -$3,000
Total earnings or returns = Return in 2018 + Return in 2019
Total earnings or returns = $2,000 - $3,000
Total earnings or returns = -$1,000
Average return = (Total earnings or returns / Total investment) × 100%
Average return = (-$1,000 / $30,000) × 100%
Average return = -3.33%
The type of average in this case is the arithmetic average, as we have added the returns for two years, divided by 2 to get the average, and then converted it into a percentage.
To know more about investment visit:
https://brainly.com/question/15105766
#SPJ11
You are promised a $28,000 bonus to be received three years from now. At that time, you invest it in a fund that yields an 8% annual return. Assuming that you add nothing more to the account, what will it be worth 27 years from now, assuming annual compounding
pv
fv
nper
pmt
rate
The formula for the Future Value of a single amount is; FV = PV(1 + i)n Where; PV = Present Value i = Interest Rate n = Number of periods FV = Future Value For this problem,
Present Value (PV) = $28,000Future Value (FV) = ?Interest Rate (i) = 8%Number of Periods (n) = 27 years
We know that FV = PV (1 + i)n
Thus, the Future Value (FV) of the $28,000 in 27 years, assuming annual compounding is; FV = $28,000 x (1 + 0.08)27FV = $28,000 x (4.5634)FV = $127,681.20
Therefore, the investment account will be worth $127,681.20 after 27 years if you invest the $28,000 and assume annual compounding at an 8% annual rate of return.
To Know more about investment account
https://brainly.com/question/28935213
#SPJ11
Journalize the following adjustments.
1. Services performed but unbilled and uncollected at March 31 was $200.
2. Depreciation on equipment for the month was $250.
3. One-sixth of the insurance expired.
4. An inventory count shows $280 of cleaning supplies on hand at March 31.
5. Accrued but unpaid employee salaries were $1,080.
6. One month of the prepaid rent has expired.
7. One month of interest expense related to the note payable has accrued and will be paid April 1.
Debit Accounts Receivable, Credit Service Revenue for $200. Debit Depreciation Expense, Credit Accumulated Depreciation for $250. Debit Insurance Expense, Credit Prepaid Insurance for one-sixth of the total insurance amount.
This adjustment records the revenue earned but not yet billed or collected. By debiting Accounts Receivable, we increase the amount owed to the company, and by crediting Service Revenue, we recognize the revenue earned. Depreciation is the systematic allocation of the cost of an asset over its useful life. Here, we debit Depreciation Expense to recognize the expense and credit Accumulated Depreciation to reduce the asset's carrying value. As one-sixth of the insurance has expired, we need to recognize the portion that has been used up as an expense. Debit Insurance Expense to record the expense and credit Prepaid Insurance to reduce the prepaid amount.
The adjustment recognizes the value of cleaning supplies on hand at the end of the period. Debit Cleaning Supplies Expense to record the expense and credit Cleaning Supplies to reduce the value of supplies. Accrued salaries represent the wages owed to employees but not yet paid. Debit Salaries Expense to recognize the expense and credit Salaries Payable to record the liability. When a prepaid expense expires, it needs to be recognized as an expense. Debit Rent Expense to record the expense and credit Prepaid Rent to reduce the prepaid amount. By journalizing these adjustments, the accounts will reflect the correct balances for the end of the accounting period.
To know more about Accounts Receivable visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32156363
#SPJ11
In summary, we journalize these adjustments by maintaining balance within each entry and identifying when it implies an expense or a revenue. We debit Accounts Receivable and credit Service Revenue for services performed but unbilled, debit Depreciation Expense and credit Accumulated Depreciation for depreciation on equipment, debit insurance or rent Expense and credit Prepaid Insurance or Prepaid Rent as they expire, adjust inventory manually and track unpaid employee salary and interest expense.
Explanation:To journalize these transactions, you will create entries for each adjustment.
Services performed but unbilled and uncollected: Debit Accounts Receivable $200, Credit Service Revenue $200. Depreciation on equipment: Debit Depreciation Expense $250, Credit Accumulated Depreciation $250. For the insurance expiration, you will need to know the total value of the insurance policy and debit Insurance Expense for one-sixth of this amount, while crediting Prepaid Insurance. With the cleaning supplies inventory, debit Cleaning Supplies Expense for the difference between the initial balance and the $280 remaining, and credit Cleaning Supplies. Accrued but unpaid salaries: Debit Salary Expense $1,080, Credit Salary Payable $1,080. For the prepaid rent expiration, debit Rent Expense for the monthly rent amount, and credit Prepaid Rent. For the accrued interest, debit Interest Expense for the monthly interest amount, and credit Interest Payable. Learn more about Journalizing Adjustments here:
https://brainly.com/question/34589990
#SPJ12
what should the salesperson do once he/she has answered all the buyer's questions and has resolved resistance issues that have come up during the presentation?
Once the salesperson has answered all the buyer's questions and resolved any resistance issues during the presentation, there are several steps they should take to ensure a successful outcome:
1. Confirm understanding: The salesperson should confirm that the buyer's questions have been fully addressed and that the buyer understands the information provided. This can be done by asking follow-up questions or requesting feedback from the buyer.
2. Summarize the benefits: The salesperson should summarize the key benefits and advantages of the product or service that were discussed during the presentation. This helps reinforce the value proposition and reminds the buyer of the value they will gain from the purchase.
3. Address remaining concerns: It's important to address any lingering concerns or objections the buyer may have. The salesperson should listen attentively and empathetically to the buyer's concerns, and provide additional information or reassurance as needed.
4. Close the sale: Once all questions and resistance have been resolved, the salesperson should move towards closing the sale. This can be done by asking for the buyer's commitment or suggesting a next step, such as discussing pricing, delivery options, or signing a contract.
5. Follow-up: After the sale is closed, the salesperson should follow up with the buyer to ensure their satisfaction and address any additional questions or concerns that may arise. This helps build a long-term relationship with the buyer and can lead to future sales or referrals.
Overall, the salesperson should focus on building trust, providing value, and addressing the buyer's needs throughout the process. By doing so, they can increase the likelihood of a successful sale and establish a positive customer relationship.
Know more about salesperson here:
https://brainly.com/question/32308819
#SPJ11
Big Meadows Sports has been very profitable in recent years and has seen its stock price steadily increase to over
$100
per share. The CFO thinks the company should consider either a
100%
stock dividend or a 2 -for-1 stock split. Required: 1. Complete the following table comparing the effects of a
100%
stock dividend versus a 2-for-1 stock split on the stockholders' equity accounts ishares outstanding. par value, and share price. 2. State whether the statement "The primary reason companies declare a large stock dividend or a stock split is to lower the trading price of the stock to a more acceptable trading range, making it attractive to a larger number of potential investors." is true or false. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Compiete the following tabie comparing the effects of a
100%
stock dividend versus a 2 -for-1 stock split on the stockholders' equity accounts, shares outstanding, par value, and share price. (Round "Par value per share" to 2 decimal places.)
1. The stockholders' equity accounts will be affected with a decrease in retained earnings and an increase in additional paid-in capital. 2. False. The primary reasons for declaring a stock dividend or stock split are to increase market liquidity, make shares more affordable and accessible, and increase the number of shares available, not specifically to lower the trading price of the stock.
The CFO of Big Meadows Sports is considering either a 100% stock dividend or a 2-for-1 stock split. Let's compare the effects of these options on the stockholders' equity accounts, shares outstanding, par value, and share price.
1. Effects on stockholders' equity accounts, shares outstanding, par value, and share price:
- Stock dividend:
- Stockholders' equity accounts: The retained earnings will decrease, and the additional paid-in capital will increase by the same amount.
- Shares outstanding: The number of shares outstanding will increase by 100%.
- Par value: The par value per share remains unchanged.
- Share price: The share price will likely decrease because the total value of the company is now divided among a larger number of shares.
- Stock split:
- Stockholders' equity accounts: There will be no change in the stockholders' equity accounts.
- Shares outstanding: Each shareholder will receive one additional share for every share they currently own.
- Par value: The par value per share remains unchanged.
- Share price: The share price will decrease because the total value of the company is divided among a larger number of shares.
2. Statement: "The primary reason companies declare a large stock dividend or a stock split is to lower the trading price of the stock to a more acceptable trading range, making it attractive to a larger number of potential investors."
This statement is false. The primary reason companies declare a stock dividend or stock split is not to lower the trading price of the stock. Instead, they do it to increase the number of shares available in the market, improve liquidity, and make the shares more affordable and accessible to investors.
To know more about stockholders' equity:
https://brainly.com/question/13278063
#SPJ4
Operating Activities affected by changes in • Long term liabilities • Equity Accounts • Current Assets and Current Labilities • Long term assets
Operating activities are affected by changes in long-term liabilities, equity accounts, current assets and current liabilities, and long-term assets. Changes in long-term liabilities can affect the company's cash flow, such as when the company takes out loans or issues bonds.
Equity accounts can also impact operating activities. If the company issues more shares of stock, this can increase the company's cash balance, while repurchasing shares can decrease it. If the company pays dividends to shareholders, this can also decrease cash flow from operating activities.
Changes in current assets and current liabilities can affect cash flow from operating activities as well. If a company sells more products on credit, this will increase accounts receivable, and if the company receives payments from customers, it will increase cash flow. Changes in inventory can also impact cash flow, as well as changes in accounts payable or accrued expenses.
Finally, changes in long-term assets can affect cash flow from operating activities. If a company purchases new property, plant, and equipment, this will decrease cash flow, while selling assets can increase cash flow. Changes in depreciation expenses can also impact cash flow from operating activities.
Overall, changes in these accounts can have significant effects on a company's operating activities and its ability to generate cash flow. It is important for companies to carefully manage these accounts to ensure they are maximizing their cash flow and meeting their financial goals.
To know more about liabilities visit :
https://brainly.com/question/15006644
#SPJ11
, he hire college tudent to help complete hi job. Toma i a profeional landcaper. Uring the buy eaon explain hi ytem for maintaining a cutomer' lawn to the tudent and he expect them to follow hi intruction exactly. Tama approach i conitent with the idea of
Toma's approach is consistent with the idea of standardization and quality control. By hiring college students and providing them with specific instructions, Toma ensures that his customers' lawns are maintained in a consistent and uniform manner.
Each customer's lawn maintenance is given a set time slot by Toma, who takes into account the property's location and size. This aids him in increasing team productivity and guarantees that all consumers receive prompt service.
Toma may preserve the caliber of his landscaping services, retain a professional image, and guarantee client happiness by implementing these standardized guidelines and expectations. He can effectively train and assign duties to college students thanks to this, which helps him manage his workload during the hectic season.
Learn more about customers' lawns here:
https://brainly.com/question/14264356
#SPJ4
You have been asked to analyze the value of equity in a company that has the following features: - The earnings before interest and taxes is $25 million, and the corporate tax rate is 40%. - The earnings are expected to grow 4% a year in perpetuity, and the return on capital is 10%. The cost of capital of comparable firms is 9%. - The firm has two types of debt outstanding - two-year zero coupon bonds with a face value of $250 million and bank debt with 10 years to maturity with a face value of $250 million. (The duration of this debt is four years.) - The firm is in two businesses-food processing and auto repair. The average standard deviation in firm value for firms in food processing is 25%, whereas the standard deviation for firms in auto repair is 40%. The correlation between the businesses is 0.5. - The riskless rate is 7%. Use the option pricing model to value equity as an option.
The value of equity in the company can be analyzed using the option pricing model considering its earnings, growth rate, return on capital, debt structure, industry risks, and the riskless rate.
To value equity as an option, the option pricing model can be applied. This model takes into account the company's expected earnings, growth rate, return on capital, debt structure, industry risks, and the riskless rate.
First, the earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) of $25 million and the corporate tax rate of 40% are used to calculate the earnings after taxes. Then, the perpetuity growth rate of 4% is applied to estimate future earnings. The return on capital of 10% and the cost of capital of comparable firms at 9% are considered to determine the present value of future earnings.
The company's debt structure, consisting of two types of debt, is also taken into account. The face values and durations of the zero coupon bonds and bank debt are considered in valuing the debt component.
Considering that the company operates in two businesses with different standard deviations and a correlation coefficient, the option pricing model considers the volatility and diversification benefits of the two businesses.
Finally, the riskless rate of 7% is used as a discount factor to calculate the present value of equity as an option, incorporating all the above factors.
Note: Detailed calculations and further analysis are required to obtain the precise value of equity using the option pricing model in this specific scenario.
To know more about equity, click here:
brainly.com/question/33585348
#SPJ11
Suppose you are writing a business plan for an event planning
business. what would be the VRIO model in this case?
The VRIO model is a framework that can be utilized to analyze an organization's resources and capabilities. VRIO is an acronym that stands for Value, Rarity, Imitability, and Organization.
When it comes to developing a business plan for an event planning business, the VRIO model may be employed to analyze the resources and abilities that the company possesses. Value refers to the organization's ability to provide products or services that consumers want, need, or value. To obtain a competitive advantage, the company must provide a distinct and beneficial benefit to its consumers.
Rarity refers to resources and abilities that are not commonly found in the industry. A company can gain a competitive advantage by possessing resources and abilities that are unique to them. In the event planning business, a rare resource might be access to a particular event location that is in high demand.Imitability:Imitability is the ability of competitors to duplicate a company's resources and abilities.
To know more about model visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32196451
#SPJ11
What is earnings management? (6pts)
Provide at least two examples of earnings management. Is earnings management always ‘bad’? Explain.
Earnings management is the process of utilizing accounting techniques to improve a company's financial statements by manipulating earnings.
Earnings management might entail tweaking revenue figures, reducing expenses, or both. By doing so, a firm can make its financial performance appear better or worse than it truly is, either to satisfy internal stakeholders (such as company executives) or to impress external stakeholders (such as investors or analysts).
Below are two examples of earnings management:1. Manipulation of Accruals:Accrual accounting is a technique used to record revenue and expenses as they happen, rather than when cash changes hands. Companies that use accrual accounting must use estimates and assumptions to record some transactions that have not yet been completed.
Earnings management can occur if a business intentionally manipulates its accruals by overestimating future revenues or underestimating future costs to improve current earnings.
2. Timing of Expenses:Companies might also use timing tactics to improve their financial statements. One example is to put off spending until the next accounting period, or to shift certain expenditures to different accounts to make them appear less significant.Earnings management may not always be bad.
There are circumstances where it is acceptable. It may be a result of errors in estimates that the company believes will be corrected in the future, or it may be a result of necessary actions taken by the company to restore its profitability. In certain instances, earnings management may also be legal and ethical, and it is frequently used to ensure that the firm complies with regulatory requirements and laws. Earnings management becomes illegal when it involves fraudulent accounting methods, such as recording non-existent transactions or concealing debt or expenses, in order to misrepresent the financial position of the business.
To know more about techniques visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31591173
#SPJ11
Matt adds the perfect amount of sugar to each batch of lemonade he sells. Should he produce the same quantity, an increase in the price of sugar would lead to an increase in all the following aspects of Matt’s production except
1. Total cost
2. Marginal cost
3. Total fixed cost
4. Total variable cost
5. Short-run costs
Matt adds the perfect amount of sugar to each batch of lemonade he sells. An increase in the price of sugar would lead to an increase in all of the following aspects of Matt’s production except Total fixed cost.
Explanation:
Total Cost Total cost refers to the complete cost of producing a good or service. It includes all the expenses incurred by a business in the production process, such as the cost of raw materials, labor, rent, and other overhead costs.
Marginal Cost Marginal cost refers to the additional cost of producing one extra unit of a good or service. It is calculated by dividing the change in total cost by the change in the quantity produced. It is important for a firm to consider the marginal cost when making production decisions.
Total Fixed Cost Total fixed cost refers to the cost of production that does not change regardless of the quantity of output produced. It includes expenses such as rent, salaries, and insurance that remain the same regardless of the level of production. Total Variable Cost Total variable cost refers to the cost of production that varies with the quantity of output produced.
It includes expenses such as raw materials, labor, and energy that change as the level of production changes. Short-run Costs Short-run costs are those costs that cannot be adjusted in the short term, such as rent or salaries. They are fixed in the short run and must be paid regardless of the level of production.
Only the total fixed cost will not increase if the price of sugar increases as it is not a variable cost. The price increase will lead to an increase in all of the other aspects of Matt's production. Thus, the correct option is 3. Total fixed cost.
To know more about increase visit :
https://brainly.com/question/16029306
#SPJ11
XL Co.'s dividends are expected to grow at a 20% rate for the next 3 years, with the growth rate falling off to a constant 6% thereafter. If the required return is 14% and the company just paid a $3.10 dividend, what is the current price?
(Hint: Remember, paid dividends are already incorporated in the current price.)
P0 is the current price of the stockD1 is the expected dividend at the end of the year-1D2 is the expected dividend at the end of the year-2P3 the required rate of return g is the growth rate of dividend Substituting the values, we get;
Calculation: In order to calculate the current price of the XL Co., we will use the Dividend Discount Model as follows;
P0 = D1 / (r - g)
Where;P0 is the current price of the stockD1 is the expected dividend at the end of the year-1r is the required rate of return g is the growth rate of dividend.
P3 = D3 * (1 + g2) / (r - g2)
D2 = D1 * (1 + g1) = $3.10 * (1 + 0.20) = $3.72D3 = D2 * (1 + g1) = $3.72 * (1 + 0.20) = $4.46
Now, we can calculate P3:
P3 = D3 * (1 + g2) / (r - g2)= $4.46 * (1 + 0.06) / (0.14 - 0.06)= $56.22
Using Gordon Growth Model, we can find out the price of the stock today:
P0 = D1 / (r - g) + D2 / (r - g)^2 + P3 / (1 + r)^3
Where; P0 is the current price of the stockD1 is the expected dividend at the end of the year-1D2 is the expected dividend at the end of the year-2P3 is the price of the stock at the end of year-3r is the required rate of return g is the growth rate of dividend Substituting the values, we get;
P0 = $3.10 / (0.14 - 0.20) + $3.72 / (0.14 - 0.20)^2 + $56.22 / (1 + 0.14)^3
= $24.54 + $27.09 + $38.72= $90.35
Hence, the current price of the XL Co. stock is $90.35.
To know more about Dividend visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30030205
#SPJ11
You borrowed $500,000 for your new house with a 30-year fixed-rate loan at an annual interest rate of 4.2%. The first mortgage payment is due exactly one month after you signed the contract. Your monthly mortgage payment is
2,623.33
2,445.09
2,273.23
$3,748.75
To find the monthly mortgage payment that is due exactly one month after signing a contract for a 30-year fixed-rate loan with an annual interest rate of 4.2%, we need to use the formula for calculating mortgage payments.
The formula is: P
= L[c(1 + c)^n]/[(1 + c)^n - 1]where P is the monthly mortgage payment, L is the loan amount, n is the number of payments, and c is the monthly interest rate, which is the annual interest rate divided by 12. Using this formula, we can calculate the monthly mortgage payment as follows:Loan amount,
L = $500,000Annual interest rate,
r = 4.2%Monthly interest rate,
c = r/12
= 0.035Number of payments,
n = 30 years x 12 months/year
= 360P
= 500,000[0.035(1 + 0.035)^360]/[(1 + 0.035)^360 - 1]
= $2,445.09Therefore, the monthly mortgage payment that is due exactly one month after signing the contract is $2,445.09.
To know more about mortgage visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31751568
#SPJ11
Suppose that we are a bank with $3,000 worth of deposits. We operate in an economy with a
mandated reserve ratio of 12%. Suppose that the bank is keeping $450 in reserves currently,
loaning out the rest of its deposits.
9. Is the bank meeting its reserve requirements? Does it have excess reserves? How much
more or less must the bank lend out to just exactly meet its reserve requirements?
10. If the bank takes the action you prescribe in your answer to Question 9, how much will
the total amount of deposits in the whole banking system change? Assume no cash
drain.
11. Suppose instead that there is cash drain of 8%. Now, suppose that the bank receives an
additional deposit of $100 from consumers. What will be the change in the total amount
of deposits in the whole banking system?
9. The bank is meeting its reserve requirements since it is keeping $450 in reserves which is 12% of $3,000. The excess reserves are calculated as follows;
Excess reserves = actual reserves - required reserves=$450 - ($3,000 * 12%) =$450 - $360 =$9010.
To exactly meet the reserve requirements, the bank must lend out $2,550, which is the difference between its deposits ($3,000) and the required reserves ($450).11.
In a cash drain of 8%, the value of the money that the bank will lend out as loans will be reduced by 8%, which means that the bank will lend out 92% of the $2,550, which is 0.92* $2,550 = $2,346
The bank has a $100 deposit and it can loan out 92% of that deposit which is 0.92 * $100 = $92
In total, the amount of new deposits in the whole banking system will increase by $192 ($92+$100).
Thus, there will be a $192 increase in the total amount of deposits in the whole banking system.
To know more about requirements visit :
https://brainly.com/question/2929431
#SPJ11
a party who wishes to obtain personal jurisdiction over an individual who resides in her/her own state. is the meaning of?
The phrase "personal jurisdiction" refers to a court's authority to make decisions and enforce its rulings over a particular individual.
In this context, it means that a party wants the court to have the power to hear and decide a case involving an individual who resides in the same state as the party seeking jurisdiction.
Typically, personal jurisdiction is easier to establish when the defendant is located within the court's jurisdiction. The party seeking personal jurisdiction over the individual may need to demonstrate that the individual has sufficient contacts or connections with the state, such as owning property or conducting business there, in order for the court to assert authority over them.
Learn more about personal jurisdiction here
https://brainly.com/question/31065754
#SPJ4
Charlotte, Harry and Louis are the executive directors of Forest Wood Ltd. Charlotte is the managing director. Harry is the CFO. Meg and Kate are non-executive directors.
At the end-of-year Board meeting, the directors meet to approve the annual report for release to shareholders. Harry presents the financial reports for the approval of the directors. The reports are examined by the directors.
Meg notices that there seems to be an error in the Balance Sheet. The 10 year mortgage is recorded as a Long-term liability. But Meg is aware that the mortgage is to be repaid on 30 September of the coming year, and is therefore a Short-term liability. She raises the matter at the meeting, but Harry advises that it is still a mortgage and is to be classified as Long-term. Meg and the other directors accept Harry’s explanation. They sign off on the report and it is released.
Shareholders are misled by the error and pay high prices for the shares. When the mortgage is to be repaid on 30th September, the company has to borrow funds and enters into a further short term loan. The company’s cash flow falls. It is unable to pay its debts and creditors move to appoint a liquidator.
Share prices drop and shareholders and creditors begin an action for breach of director’s duties.
As a non-executive director, Meg believes she should not be responsible for the breach of director’s duty. She seeks your advice.
The question indicates that Forest Wood Ltd is experiencing a lawsuit because the shareholders and creditors claim that they have breached the directors' duties. Meg, a non-executive director, believes that she should not be responsible for the breach of director’s duty.
So, what is her position? Meg, being a non-executive director, is accountable for the breach of director's duty. Meg and Kate, who are non-executive directors, did their duty by noticing the error and bringing it to the board's attention. Charlotte, Harry, and Louis, who are executive directors, should have been more cautious, given that they are responsible for the company's management and operations.
Meg and Kate are non-executive directors who have a particular role and are required to provide an independent perspective on the executive directors' decision-making. They are expected to be vigilant and report any concerns to the board. They do not make decisions, but they do play a critical role in the board's function.
They can be held responsible for their role in the board's decision-making process if they fail to carry out their responsibilities effectively. Therefore, Meg is not exempt from the breach of the directors' duties.
To know more about decision visit:
https://brainly.com/question/27400967
#SPJ11
$270,000. If Nabil's MARR is 6 percent compounded monthly, should he buy the house? Use annual worth. Click the icon to view the table of compound interest factors for discrete compounding periods when i=6% compounded monthly. Nabil buy the house because the annual worth of the house is 9 per month. (Round to the nearest cent as needed.)
Nabil's is planning to purchase a house that costs 270,000. Nabil's should buy the house since the annual worth of the house is 2,430,000, which is greater than 270,000.
He would only buy the house if the annual worth of the house is 9 per month. Let's compute the annual worth of the house. Determine the monthly interest rate. The monthly interest rate is calculated using the annual interest rate and the number of compounding periods.
Since Nabil's MARR is 6% compounded monthly, the monthly interest rate is:[tex]i = r/m = 6%/12 = 0.5%[/tex]Nabil's is paying for the house over a period of 25 years, which is equal to 12 x 25 = 300 months. From the table of compound interest factors for discrete compounding periods, the annual worth factor is calculated to be 9.0409 using the formula:
[tex]AW,F = ((1 + i)^n * i)/((1 + i)^n - 1) = ((1 + 0.005)^300 * 0.005)/((1 + 0.005)^300 - 1) = 9.0409Step[/tex]
AW = 9 x 270,000 = 2,430,000.
To know more about purchase visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31035675
#SPJ11
In general, a firm ____ exposed to exchange rate fluctuations will usually have a ____ distribution of possible cash flows in future periods.
In general, a firm that is exposed to exchange rate fluctuations will usually have a more uncertain distribution of possible cash flows in future periods.When a firm operates in multiple countries or engages in international trade, it becomes susceptible to changes in exchange rates.
Exchange rates determine the value of one currency relative to another, and they can fluctuate due to various factors such as economic conditions, interest rates, and geopolitical events.Suppose a company in Country A exports goods to Country B and invoices its customers in the local currency of Country B. The company may receive fewer units of its home currency when converting the revenue from Country B back into its home currency.This can lead to a decrease in the company's cash inflows.
On the other hand, if the exchange rate changes favorably, the company may receive more units of its home currency, resulting in increased cash inflows. As exchange rates are unpredictable and can change rapidly, a firm exposed to exchange rate fluctuations will face a higher level of uncertainty in its future cash flows.To manage the risks associated with exchange rate fluctuations, firms can use various strategies such as hedging, diversifying their operations across different countries, or entering into contracts that fix exchange rates.
To know more about firm visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31687318
#SPJ11
Seventy-Two Inc, a developer of radiology equipment, has stock outstanding as follows: 60,000 shares of eumulative preferred 3% stock, $20 par and 400,000 shares of $25 par common. During its first four years of operations, the following amounts were distributed as dividends: finst year, $31,000; second year, $73,000; third year, $90,000; fourth year, $120,000. Determine the dividends per share on each class of stock for each of the four years. Round ail answers to two decimal places. If no dividends are paid in a given year, enter "0.00". 7resera in 4 Ceas Mr, thare is the preferred stock cumulative or non-cumulative stock? Determine what amount of current dividends that preferred stock should recelve pee year is the questen asking far a per-share amount or total amount per class of stock?
Seventy-Two Inc, developer of radiology equipment has stock outstanding as follows: 60,000 shares of cumulative preferred 3% stock, $20 par and 400,000 shares of $25 par common.
During its first four years of operations, the following amounts were distributed as dividends:
first year, $31,000;
second year, $73,000;
third year, $90,000;
fourth year, $120,000.
The dividends per share on each class of stock for each of the four years is given below:
Calculation of dividends per share on preferred stock for each of the four years
First Year dividends on preferred stock = 60,000 * $20 * 3%
= $36,000.
Dividend per share = $36,000 / 60,000
= $0.60.
Second Year dividends on preferred stock = 60,000 * $20 * 3%
= $36,000.
Dividend per share = $36,000 / 60,000
= $0.60.
Third Year dividends on preferred stock = 60,000 * $20 * 3%
= $36,000.
Dividend per share = $36,000 / 60,000
= $0.60.
Fourth Year dividends on preferred stock = 60,000 * $20 * 3%
= $36,000.
Dividend per share = $36,000 / 60,000 = $0.60.
Calculation of dividends per share on common stock for each of the four years
First Year dividend on common stock = ($31,000 - $36,000) / 400,000
= -$0.0125
Second Year dividend on common stock = ($73,000 - $36,000) / 400,000
= $0.0925
Third Year dividend on common stock = ($90,000 - $36,000) / 400,000
= $0.135
Fourth Year dividend on common stock = ($120,000 - $36,000) / 400,000
= $0.210
Hence, the dividends per share on each class of stock for each of the four years are as follows: Preferred stock dividends per share: $0.60 for all four years Common stock dividends per share:
-$0.0125 for the first year,
$0.0925 for the second year,
$0.135 for the third year,
and $0.210 for the fourth year.
To know more about developer visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29659448
#SPJ11
The formula for number of customers required for profit is: Select one: a. sales price minus variable costs b. similar to the number of customers required for breakeven formula, but instead of 0 , profit is used in the numerator. c. costs divided by sales and multiplied by 100 d. same as the number of customers required for breakeven formula.
The formula for number of customers required for profit is similar to the number of customers required for breakeven formula, but instead of 0, profit is used in the numerator. This is the answer to the question. In business, the number of customers required for profit is a calculation that determines the number of units sold and revenues earned, which is an important measure of financial performance.
The formula for number of customers required for profit is similar to the number of customers required for breakeven formula, but instead of 0, profit is used in the numerator.
The formula for number of customers required for profit is as follows:
Number of Customers Required for Profit = (Fixed Costs + Desired Profit) / (Price - Variable Costs).
Therefore, the number of customers required for profit is the number of customers a business needs to sell its product to generate a profit after covering all of its costs.
In other words, the formula calculates the number of customers needed to reach the business's desired profit margin.
To know more about customers required for profit visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31606021
#SPJ11
An oil and gas company had to borrow $200M (M stands for MIllion) from a partner bank to invest in a pipeline infrastructure extension project. The company had to pay a total of $60M in 4 years. What is the annual effective interest rate the company had to pay? Select the closest value A) 5.3% B) 15.1% C) 9.2% D) 6.8%
The company borrowed $200 million to finance a pipeline infrastructure project and had to repay $60 million in four years. The annual effective interest rate paid by the company can be calculated as follows;
The interest is equal to the difference between the amount borrowed and the total amount repaid:
$200M - $60M = $140M Average interest rate:
Interest = ($140M ÷ $200M) × 100% = 70%Average annual interest rate:
Average annual interest rate = 70% ÷ 4 = 17.5%
Thus, the closest annual effective interest rate to 17.5% is 15.1%.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B) 15.1%.
To know more about infrastructure visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32687235
#SPJ11
Explain how trade imbalances in the global supply chain impact the trading activities of the countries in the world. What are the mitigation measures for addressing these trade imbalances? Which parties benefit from such and which ones lose out?
Trade imbalances in the global supply chain occur when countries import more goods than they export. This imbalance creates a negative trade balance and negatively impacts trading activities of the countries in the world. Trade imbalance can lead to a trade war between countries as they attempt to protect their domestic industries.
The impact of trade imbalances in the global supply chain is that it leads to a surge in imports which hurts the domestic industries. The increased imports lead to the loss of jobs in the affected industries.
They have a ready market for their goods and are able to generate income and create jobs within their domestic markets. Mitigation measures to address trade imbalances include encouraging exports, increasing domestic consumption, and implementing import substitution strategies.
For instance, countries can use tariffs or quotas to limit the amount of imports allowed into the country, while at the same time, increasing exports. Additionally, countries can engage in bilateral or multilateral trade agreements to create a fair trade environment, eliminate trade barriers, and create incentives to increase exports.
The parties that benefit from such measures are the exporting countries, the domestic industries in importing countries that are protected, and consumers in the importing countries that enjoy lower prices. The parties that lose out are the domestic industries in exporting countries that are not protected, and the consumers in importing countries that pay higher prices.
To know more about countries visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29801639
#SPJ11
Show that the optimal value of the dual problem is always less
than or equal to the optimal value of the primal problem.
To show that the optimal value of the dual problem is always less than or equal to the optimal value of the primal problem, we can use the concept of weak duality in linear programming.
In linear programming, we have a primal problem and its corresponding dual problem. The primal problem aims to maximize an objective function subject to certain constraints, while the dual problem aims to minimize a different objective function subject to dual constraints.
Let's denote the optimal value of the primal problem as P* and the optimal value of the dual problem as D*. According to weak duality, we have the following relationship:
D* ≤ P*
In other words, the optimal value of the dual problem is always less than or equal to the optimal value of the primal problem.
This result holds true for any linear programming problem, regardless of its specific formulation or constraints. It is a fundamental property of linear programming and is derived from the duality theory in optimization. Intuitively, weak duality implies that if we maximize the objective function in the primal problem, we cannot achieve a lower value than the optimal value of the dual problem, which aims to minimize a different objective function but subject to the same set of constraints.
Therefore, the optimal value of the dual problem is always a lower bound on the optimal value of the primal problem, and it can be equal to the optimal value in certain cases.
To learn more about, linear programming problem, click here, https://brainly.com/question/29405477
#SPJ11
Chandler Co.'s 5-year bonds yield 12.50%, and 5-year T-bonds yield 5.15%. The real risk-free rate is r* = 3.0%, the inflation premium for 5-year bonds is IP = 1.75%, the liquidity premium for Chandler's bonds is LP = 0.75% versus zero for T-bonds, and the maturity risk premium for all bonds is found with the formula MRP = (t − 1) × 0.1%, where t = number of years to maturity. What is the default risk premium (DRP) on Chandler's bonds?
Select the correct answer.
a. 6.35% b. 5.60% c. 6.10% d. 6.60% e. 5.85%
The correct option ' the default risk premium (DRP) on Chandler Co.'s 5-year bonds ' is d. 6.60%.
The default risk premium (DRP) on Chandler's bonds can be calculated using the following formula:
DRP = Yield on Chandler's bonds - Yield on T-bonds
First, we need to calculate the total premium for Chandler's bonds:
Total premium = IP + LP + MRP
Total premium = 1.75% + 0.75% + (5-1) * 0.1%
Total premium = 1.75% + 0.75% + 0.4%
Total premium = 2.9%
Next, we can calculate the yield on Chandler's bonds:
Yield on Chandler's bonds = r* + IP + LP + MRP + DRP
12.50% = 3.0% + 1.75% + 0.75% + 0.4% + DRP
Simplifying the equation, we get:
DRP = 12.50% - 3.0% - 1.75% - 0.75% - 0.4%
DRP = 6.6%
Therefore, the default risk premium (DRP) on Chandler's bonds is 6.6%.
To know more about DRP here
https://brainly.com/question/33439589
#SPJ4
Equipment With A Book Value Of $78,500 And An Original Cost Of $169,000 Was Sold At A Loss Of $31,000. B. Paid $112,000 Cash For A New Truck. C.
a. Equipment with a book value of $78,500 and an original cost of $169,000 was sold at a loss of $31,000.
b. Paid $112,000 cash for a new truck.
c. Sold land costing $310,000 for $410,000 cash, yielding a gain of $100,000.
d. Long-term investments in stock were sold for $93,500 cash, yielding a gain of $17,000.
The events a-d that affect the financial statements of a business are as follows:
a. Equipment with a book value of $78,500 and an original cost of $169,000 was sold at a loss of $31,000, and the following entries were made:
To record a loss on the sale of equipment ($31,000) Equipment (cost $169,000-accumulated depreciation $78,500) $90,500Loss on sale of equipment $31,000Accumulated depreciation $78,500
b. The new truck's cost is $112,000, which was purchased using cash. The following entries were made:To record the purchase of a new truckTruck $112,000Cash $112,000c. Land costing $310,000 was sold for $410,000 cash, resulting in a $100,000 gain.
The following entries were made:
To record the sale of land Cash $410,000Land $310,000Gain on sale of land $100,000d. Long-term investments in stock were sold for $93,500 cash, resulting in a $17,000 gain.
The following entries were made:
To record the sale of stock Cash $93,500Long-term investment $76,500Gain on sale of long-term investment $17,000These are the financial transactions that will be recorded by a business.
To know more about financial visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32292990
#SPJ11
On its 2022 statement of cash flows prepared using the direct
method, Mould, Inc. reports cash collected from customers of
$595,000. Mould also reports the following on its balance
sheets:
Decembe
On its 2022 statement of cash flows prepared using the direct method, Mould, Inc. reports cash collected from customers of $595,000. The amount of cash sales was $589,000.
Mould also reports the following on its balance sheets: December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Accounts Receivable $45,000 $51,000Net Income for 2022 was $210,000. What was the amount of cash sales?
Explanation: Given: Cash collected from customers = $595,000 Net income = $210,000 Accounts Receivable (12/31/22) = $45,000 Accounts Receivable (12/31/21) = $51,000 We need to determine the amount of cash sales.
To determine the amount of cash sales, we can use the below formula:
Cash collected from customers = Cash sales + Decrease in accounts receivable
We know that cash collected from customers is $595,000, and accounts receivable has decreased from $51,000 to $45,000.
Therefore, Decrease in accounts receivable = $51,000 - $45,000= $6,000
Thus, substituting the values in the formula, we get; $595,000 = Cash sales + $6,000 Cash sales = $595,000 - $6,000 Cash sales = $589,000
Therefore, the amount of cash sales was $589,000.
To know more about sales visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29436143
#SPJ11
The table provides factor risk loadings and factor risk premia for a two-factor model for a particular portfolio where factor portfolio 1 tracks Inflation and factor portfolio 2, IR, tracks unexpected changes in interest rates. The risk-free rate is 3%. If a trader estimates the expected / average return of the Portfolio XYZ to be 3.5% and believes that he is correct, what is the arbitrage strategy?
Portfolio XYZ
Inflation-Factor loading of 0.5, Risk premium of 8%
IR-Factor loading of -1.5, Risk premium of 2%
1. Long XYZ, Short Inflation, Long IR, Buy Risk-Free
2. Short XYZ, Long Inflation, Long IR, Buy Risk-Free
3. Short XYZ, Short Inflation, Short IR, Buy Risk-Free
4. Short XYZ, Long Inflation, Short IR, Buy Risk-Free
5. Short XYZ, Long Inflation, Short IR, Borrow Risk-Free
The correct answer is option 2:Short XYZ, Long Inflation, Long IR, Buy Risk-Free, where the investor shorts Portfolio XYZ and goes long on the Inflation factor portfolio and long on the IR factor portfolio. The investor can borrow at the risk-free rate to finance this position.
By doing this, the investor can take advantage of the difference in expected returns to generate risk-free profits.
Portfolio XYZ
Inflation-Factor loading of 0.5, Risk premium of 8%
IR-Factor loading of -1.5, Risk premium of 2%
Risk-free rate = 3%
Expected / average return of the Portfolio XYZ to be 3.5%
Arbitrage strategy can be calculated as follows:
Portfolio XYZ expected return = Risk-free rate + Beta 1 * (Inflation Risk Premium) + Beta 2 * (IR Risk Premium) + Error,
where Beta 1 is the loading of the inflation factor and Beta 2 is the loading of the IR factor. Error is the unpredictable portion of the return.For Portfolio XYZ, the expected return can be calculated as follows:
3.5% = 3% + 0.5 * 8% + (-1.5) * 2% + Error
3.5% = 3% + 4% - 3% + Error
3.5% = 4% + Error
Error = -0.5%
Since the expected return on the Portfolio XYZ is 3.5% but the calculated expected return is only 3%, this difference in expected returns leads to an arbitrage opportunity. If the expected return was lower than 3%, the arbitrage strategy would involve a short position. If the expected return was higher than 3%, the arbitrage strategy would involve a long position.
To know more about Inflation visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28136474
#SPJ11