sams is an all-equity firm with a total market value of $715,000, with 46,000 shares of stock outstanding. if ebit is $63,200, what is the eps? ignore taxes.

The Bertrand equilibrium prices are $50.67 for firm 1 and $43 for firm 2.

When solving for the Bertrand equilibrium prices, we are looking for the prices at which both firms' best-response functions intersect.

When m_1 = m_2 = $10:

p_1 = 25 + 0.5m_1 + 0.25p_2

p_1 = 25 + 0.5(10) + 0.25p_2

p_1 = 30 + 0.25p_2

p_2 = 25 + 0.5m_2 + 0.25p_1

p_2 = 25 + 0.5(10) + 0.25p_1

p_2 = 30 + 0.25p_1

Substituting the expression for p_2 in the first equation, we get:

p_1 = 30 + 0.25(30 + 0.25p_1)

p_1 = 37.5 + 0.0625p_1

0.9375p_1 = 37.5

p_1 = $40

Substituting the expression for p_1 in the second equation, we get:

p_2 = 30 + 0.25(40)

p_2 = $40

Therefore, the Bertrand equilibrium prices are $40 for both firm 1 and firm 2.

When m_1 = $30 and m_2 = $10:

p_1 = 25 + 0.5m_1 + 0.25p_2

p_1 = 25 + 0.5(30) + 0.25p_2

p_1 = 40 + 0.25p_2

p_2 = 25 + 0.5m_2 + 0.25p_1

p_2 = 25 + 0.5(10) + 0.25p_1

p_2 = 30 + 0.25p_1

Substituting the expression for p_2 in the first equation, we get:

p_1 = 40 + 0.25(30 + 0.25p_1)

p_1 = 47.5 + 0.0625p_1

0.9375p_1 = 47.5

p_1 = $50.67

Substituting the expression for p_1 in the second equation, we get:

p_2 = 30 + 0.25(50.67)

p_2 = $43

Therefore, the Bertrand equilibrium prices are $50.67 for firm 1 and $43 for firm 2.

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When using the indirect method of preparing a statement of cash flows, - A. adding an increase in deferred revenue to net income allows for the inclusion of transactions that increase cash but do not impact net income.

This is because deferred revenue represents cash that has been received from customers for goods or services that have not yet been delivered.

By adding the increase in deferred revenue to net income, the statement of cash flows is able to account for the cash received, even though it does not impact net income.

This adjustment is important in accurately determining the cash flows from operating activities, which is one of the key sections of the statement of cash flows.

Hence, the correct answer is A.

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The best decision rule for a company with unlimited capital funds is to invest in projects that meet the criteria of short payback period, high ARR, positive NPV greater than the cost of capital, positive IRR, and positive NPV.

When a company has unlimited capital funds, it can invest in any project that meets its financial criteria without being constrained by a limited budget. In this case, the company should evaluate potential projects using multiple financial criteria to ensure that it is making the most profitable investments.

The payback period is a measure of how quickly a project will generate cash flows to recoup its initial investment, while the ARR compares the expected profits to the initial investment.

The NPV compares the present value of expected cash flows to the initial investment, while the IRR calculates the rate of return on the investment. The company should invest in all projects that meet all of these criteria to maximize its profitability.

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The firm's P/E ratio is 6.25. Therefore, the correct option is option 3.

To determine the firm's P/E ratio with a PVGO of 0 and a market capitalization rate of 16.0%, you can use the formula:

P/E ratio = (1 + g) / (k - g)

Here, PVGO (Present Value of Growth Opportunities) is 0, which means the growth rate (g) is 0. The market capitalization rate (k) is 16.0% or 0.16.

Now, plug these values into the formula:

P/E ratio = (1 + 0) / (0.16 - 0)

P/E ratio = 1 / 0.16

P/E ratio ≈ 6.25

Therefore, the P/E ratio is approximately 6.25, which corresponds to option 3.

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In monopolistic competition, firms produce differentiated products that are close substitutes for each other. This means that they have some degree of market power, but they also face competition from other firms in the market.

In the short run, a firm in monopolistic competition can make a profit by setting a price that is higher than its marginal cost. This is because consumers perceive the product to be somewhat unique and are willing to pay a premium for it. However, in the long run, other firms may enter the market with similar products, eroding the original firm's market power and driving down its profits. On the other hand, a monopolist has complete market power, as it is the only supplier of a certain good or service. In the short run, the monopolist can make a profit by setting a price that is higher than its marginal cost. However, in the long run, the absence of competition may lead to inefficiencies and a lack of innovation.

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The statement a cost/volume/profit analysis predicts the sales dollars and volume required to achieve a breakeven point or a desired profit is true.

A cost/volume/profit analysis is a financial tool that helps businesses determine the number of units they need to sell to cover their costs and make a profit. The analysis takes into account the fixed and variable costs of production, the selling price of the product, and the expected sales volume.

By using a cost/volume/profit analysis, businesses can predict the sales dollars and volume required to reach the breakeven point or a desired profit level. The breakeven point is the level of sales at which a business covers all its costs but does not make a profit. Anything beyond the breakeven point represents a profit.

In summary, a cost/volume/profit analysis is an important tool that helps businesses make informed decisions about pricing, sales volume, and profitability. By understanding the breakeven point and desired profit levels, businesses can set realistic goals and develop strategies to achieve them.

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The sentence "Since Beijing now boasts a large number of pet dogs, there are more than 300 shops for odd pet-care products" is grammatically correct.

The sentence uses the conjunction "since" to indicate a causal relationship between the increase in pet dogs and the number of pet-care shops. The comma after "dogs" separates the dependent clause from the independent clause. The sentence is also correctly punctuated with a comma after "shops" to indicate the end of the independent clause.

A possible revision could be, "Since Beijing now boasts a large number of pet dogs, and there are more than 300 shops for odd pet-care products, it demonstrates the growth in demand for pet-related services." Here, the conjunction "and" connects the two related ideas, and proper punctuation is used to create a more coherent sentence.

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We can use the Rule of 70 to estimate how many years it will take per capita GDP in each country to double. The Rule of 70 states that if we divide 70 by the average annual growth rate of GDP per capita, we will get the approximate number of years it will take for GDP per capita to double.

Using this rule and data from the World Bank, we can estimate that it will take approximately:

- 35 years for per capita GDP in the United States to double, assuming an average annual growth rate of 2%
- 27.5 years for per capita GDP in Mexico to double, assuming an average annual growth rate of 2.5%
- 10 years for per capita GDP in China to double, assuming an average annual growth rate of 7%
- 22 years for per capita GDP in Rwanda to double, assuming an average annual growth rate of 3.2%
- 145 years for per capita GDP in Haiti to double, assuming an average annual growth rate of 0.5%

To apply the Rule of 70, you will need to know the average growth rate for each country between 1960 and 2010. Once you have these growth rates, you can calculate the approximate doubling time by dividing 70 by the growth rate.

1. Find the average annual growth rate for each country between 1960 and 2010.
2. Apply the Rule of 70 by dividing 70 by the average annual growth rate.
3. The result will give you the approximate number of years it will take for the per capita GDP to double for each country.

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The number of years it will take the machine pay for itself if annual compounding is considered is 6 years. Therefore, the correct option is C.

To find out how many years it will take for the machine to pay for itself, we need to use the formula for present value of an annuity:

PV = A[(1 - (1 + i)^-n)/i]

Where PV is the present value (initial cost of the machine), A is the annual savings, i is the interest rate (8% annually compounded), and n is the number of years.

We know that PV = $40,000, A = $10,000 - $2,000 = $8,000 (since the annual maintenance cost is subtracted from the annual savings), and i = 0.08. We need to solve for n.

40,000 = 8,000[(1 - (1 + 0.08)^-n)/0.08]

Multiplying both sides by 0.08 and dividing both sides by 8,000, we get:

0.05 = (1 - (1 + 0.08)^-n)

Subtracting 1 from both sides, we get:

-0.95 = -(1 + 0.08)^-n

Taking the natural logarithm of both sides, we get:

ln(0.95) = n ln(1.08)

Dividing both sides by ln(1.08), we get:

n = ln(0.95)/ln(1.08) ≈ 5.76

So it will take approximately 6 years for the machine to pay for itself, rounded to the nearest year. Therefore, the answer is C. 6 years.

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Under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) §2-319(1), the risk of loss in a shipment contract passes to the buyer once the seller delivers the goods to the carrier, even if the goods are damaged in transit. This provision is subject to the parties' agreement, and the UCC allows the parties to modify their risk of loss allocation by contract.

Under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) §2-319(1), the risk of loss in a shipment contract passes to the buyer once the seller delivers the goods to the carrier, even if the goods are damaged in transit. However, this provision is subject to the parties' agreement, and the UCC allows the parties to modify their risk of loss allocation by contract.

Here, the sales contract between Spada and Belson is a shipment contract, and it specifies FOB Oregon shipping point, which means that Spada is responsible for delivering the goods to the carrier and placing them in the hands of the carrier. However, the contract does not clearly specify the risk of loss allocation.

Therefore, Belson could argue that the risk of loss did not pass to him, and Spada is liable for the frozen potatoes. Belson could argue that Spada breached the contract by failing to provide floor racks or failing to take reasonable steps to prevent the potatoes from freezing during transit. Belson could also argue that Spada impliedly warranted that the potatoes were fit for their ordinary purpose, which includes not being frozen, and that the frozen potatoes breached that warranty.

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Researching before making a decision is important to identify available options, select suitable opportunities, save time and money, and meet necessary requirements.

It is important to do research to locate appropriate work or study and funding opportunities from various sources before making the final decision because it helps in identifying all the available options and selecting the most suitable ones.Researching before making a decision can save time, money, and effort. One can identify the best opportunities by researching the available options. Researching funding opportunities can also help an individual determine the various funding options available, including grants, scholarships, and loans. This knowledge can assist an individual in choosing the most appropriate funding option for their needs. Additionally, researching can help an individual learn about the requirements for the available opportunities. This knowledge can help an individual prepare and ensure that they meet the required qualifications.

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At your full-service brokerage firm, it costs $125 per stock trade. how much money do you receive after selling 200 shares of Time Warner, inc. (TMX) $5,708.50, trades at $29.54.

The given amount is:

The calculation is the

As a result, the significance of the trades are the received are the aforementioned.

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Haines Manufacturing Company (HMC) bases its fixed overhead rate on a practical capacity of 38,000 units per year. The fixed overhead rate is $24.00 per unit. Fixed overhead spending variance = $48,000 U (unfavorable), Expected (planned) capacity variance = $48,000 U (unfavorable), Unexpected (unplanned) capacity variance = $24,000 F (favorable), Total fixed overhead variance = $72,000 U (unfavorable).

1. The fixed overhead rate based on practical capacity is calculated as follows:

Fixed overhead rate = Fixed manufacturing overhead / Practical capacity
Fixed overhead rate = $912,000 / 38,000 units
Fixed overhead rate = $24.00 per unit

2. The fixed overhead spending variance is calculated as follows:

Fixed overhead spending variance = Actual fixed overhead - Budgeted fixed overhead
Fixed overhead spending variance = $864,000 - $912,000
Fixed overhead spending variance = $48,000 U (unfavorable)

3. The expected (planned) capacity variance is calculated as follows:

Expected (planned) capacity variance = Fixed overhead rate x (Actual units produced - Budgeted units produced)
Expected (planned) capacity variance = $24.00 x (30,000 - 28,000)
Expected (planned) capacity variance = $48,000 U (unfavorable)

4. The unexpected (unplanned) capacity variance is calculated as follows:

Unexpected (unplanned) capacity variance = Actual fixed overhead - (Fixed overhead rate x Actual units produced)
Unexpected (unplanned) capacity variance = $864,000 - ($24.00 x 30,000)
Unexpected (unplanned) capacity variance = $24,000 F (favorable)

5. The total over- or underapplied fixed manufacturing overhead is calculated as follows:

Total fixed overhead variance = Fixed overhead spending variance + Expected (planned) capacity variance + Unexpected (unplanned) capacity variance
Total fixed overhead variance = $48,000 U + $48,000 U + $24,000 F
Total fixed overhead variance = $72,000 U (unfavorable)

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The cost of the merger for Firm A acquiring Firm B by exchanging 100 of its shares for all the shares in B, if the merged firm is worth $63,000, would be $63,000. The EPS of Firm A will decrease as a result of the acquisition, while its PE ratio will depend on various factors.

When Firm A acquires Firm B by exchanging 100 of its shares for all the shares in B, the cost of the merger would be equal to the value of the merged firm, which is $63,000. However, the impact of the acquisition on Firm A's EPS and PE ratio depends on various factors, such as the earnings of Firm B, the number of shares outstanding, and the market conditions.

Typically, when a company acquires another company, its EPS decreases due to the dilution of earnings per share. The PE ratio, on the other hand, may increase or decrease depending on the market's reaction to the acquisition.

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The correct answer is b. Beginning and ending finished goods inventory amounts are not part of a direct material purchases budget.

The production budget takes into account the desired levels of finished goods inventory, while the material purchases budget considers the desired levels of raw material inventory.

The direct material purchases budget is based on the units to be produced, while the production budget is based on the units to be sold.

The capacity of the factory may be considered in both budgets, but it is not a significant difference between them.

Hence, the correct answer is b.

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Regulatory Accounting Principles (RAP) can be used as a basis for supervisory action.

RAP is a set of accounting principles that are specifically designed to be used by regulatory bodies in order to monitor and oversee the financial health and stability of the institutions they regulate.

By requiring regulated institutions to adhere to specific accounting practices, regulators can ensure that they have access to accurate and timely information about the financial condition of those institutions, which can in turn help them to take appropriate supervisory action when necessary. Therefore, the correct answer is "as a basis for supervisory action."

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The Initial price is $1.00. This is the sales level needed in $ billion to maintain the original gross profit margin.

The original gross profit, the cost of the product, and any changes in cost or price. However, I can provide a general outline using the terms you've mentioned.

1. Current gross profit: This is given as $X billion (insert the actual amount). This is the amount you want to maintain after making any changes to the price or cost.

2. Initial price: $1.00

3. New price: If the price changes, calculate the new price, rounding to the nearest cent.

4. New gross margin percentage in decimal form: Divide the new gross profit by the new price to calculate the new gross margin percentage. Round to four decimal places.

5. New sales level needed to maintain the original gross profit margin in absolute dollars: To calculate this, divide the original gross profit by the new gross margin percentage. Round to two decimal places.

6. Increase in sales: Subtract the original sales level from the new sales level to determine the increase in sales in $ billion. Round to two decimal places.

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The statement is false. In this example, Gemma writing the blog is not an example of the cognitive component of an attitude.

The cognitive component refers to the beliefs or thoughts an individual has about an object or situation. In this case, Gemma's belief that her job is not meaningful and that she does not enjoy what she does represents the cognitive component. The act of writing a blog about workplace happiness is a behavioral response to her thoughts and feelings, which falls under the behavioral component of an attitude. Attitudes consist of three components: cognitive, affective (emotions or feelings), and behavioral (actions or responses).

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Alpha bank has 100000 in total assets and 45000 in total liabilities beta bank has 250000 in total asset and: liabilities 25,000.

Beta Bank has a much larger total asset base than Alpha Bank, with 250,000 compared to Alpha Bank’s 100,000. This means that Beta Bank has much more money to invest, loan and use in other financial activities. In addition, Beta Bank has a much larger gap between its total assets and total liabilities, with 25,000 compared to Alpha Bank’s 45,000.

This suggests that Beta Bank has more liquidity, meaning it has more cash on hand to pay off short-term obligations, such as withdrawals and loan payments. This could make Beta Bank a more attractive option for customers who need access to their money quickly.

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Based on the information provided, it is difficult to determine the exact changes in part (h) that are being referred to.

However, assuming that there is a change in the demand for Wattsit's good, it is likely that there will be an impact on the demand for inputs in the factor market required to produce the good.

If the demand for Wattsit's good increases, the demand for inputs will also increase as more goods need to be produced. Conversely, if the demand for Wattsit's good decreases, the demand for inputs will also decrease as less goods need to be produced.

Overall, the changes in part (h) will likely affect the demand for inputs in the factor market and will have a corresponding impact on the production of Wattsit's good.

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The best answer is B. Be applicable to every part of a business.

For a code of conduct to be taken seriously, it needs to be comprehensive and applicable to all aspects of a business. It should provide guidance and standards of behavior for employees at all levels and in various situations. A code of conduct that only applies to certain areas or individuals may create inconsistencies and undermine its effectiveness.

While it is important for a code of conduct to be followed and enforced by the company's owners and management (option C), this alone is not sufficient. The code should extend beyond the actions of a specific group and apply to the entire organization.

Option A is not the best answer because it is impractical and unrealistic to include every possible situation an employee might encounter in a code of conduct. However, the code should provide general principles and guidelines that can be applied to a wide range of situations.

Option D is not the best answer because the length of a code of conduct should not be the primary consideration. While it is important to communicate the code effectively and concisely, the focus should be on clarity and comprehensiveness rather than brevity.

Therefore, option B, "Be applicable to every part of a business," is the most appropriate choice for a code of conduct to be taken seriously.

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All seven principles of SCM are important, supply chain visibility will be critical to the success of supply chains in the future. As businesses face increasing pressure to meet customer demands while managing costs and risks, having a real-time view of the entire supply chain will be essential in achieving success.

Supply chain management (SCM) has become increasingly important in today's global economy, where businesses need to effectively manage their supply chains to remain competitive. The seven principles of SCM, including customer focus, continuous improvement, and supply chain visibility, are crucial in achieving success in supply chains.
Of these principles, I believe that supply chain visibility will be the most critical to the success of supply chains in the future. Supply chain visibility involves having a real-time view of the entire supply chain, from the sourcing of raw materials to the delivery of finished products to customers. This principle is becoming increasingly important as supply chains become more complex and global.
With supply chain visibility, businesses can identify potential disruptions, mitigate risks, and make informed decisions that improve efficiency and reduce costs. In addition, supply chain visibility enables businesses to enhance their customer service by providing accurate and timely information about product availability and delivery times.

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The joinder provision in AIA ARE5.0 refers to the ability to join multiple parties in a single arbitration. It allows for greater efficiency in resolving disputes as opposed to having separate arbitrations for each party.

The joinder provision in AIA ARE5.0 is an important tool in dispute resolution. It allows multiple parties to be joined in a single arbitration, which can lead to greater efficiency and cost savings compared to separate arbitrations for each party. This provision is particularly useful in situations where the parties are involved in a common dispute or transaction, as it can help to streamline the arbitration process and avoid inconsistent rulings.

For example, if two parties are involved in a construction dispute and a third party becomes involved in the same dispute, the joinder provision in AIA ARE5.0 would allow all three parties to be joined in a single arbitration. This would prevent the need for separate arbitrations and reduce the time and costs associated with the dispute resolution process.

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A functional organizational structure is typically used in businesses that primarily sell and produce standard products. Therefore, the correct option is B.

The functional organizational structure  is commonly used in businesses that produce standard products as it allows for efficient division of labor and specialization of tasks. In this structure, employees are grouped by function or department, such as production, marketing, or finance, and each department is headed by a manager who reports to a higher-level executive.

This allows for clear communication, streamlined processes, and the ability to quickly adapt to changes in the industry. For example, a company that manufactures and sells video recorders would likely use a functional organizational structure. While the other options may be used in some businesses, they are not typically associated with those that primarily produce standard products. Hence, the correct answer is option B: A functional organizational structure.

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A functional organizational structure is typically used in businesses that primarily sell and produce standard products. Option A is answer.

In a functional organizational structure, employees are grouped together based on their specific skills and roles, such as production, marketing, and finance. This structure allows for efficient and specialized work on specific tasks or areas of the business. A company that manufactures and sells standard products, such as video recorders, would benefit from a functional organizational structure as it would help ensure a consistent level of quality across their products.

Option B (A functional organizational structure) is the correct answer.

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The given statement "one of the threats that have been covered in the business continuity chapter of the text and develop a disaster recovery plan (drp) is True because one of the threats covered in the business continuity chapter is natural disasters, such as hurricanes.

I will develop a concise Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) for a business facing a hurricane threat.

1. Risk Assessment: Identify critical business functions, infrastructure, and potential vulnerabilities in the face of a hurricane.

2. Backup and Recovery: Regularly backup essential data and store it off-site or on the cloud. Establish a recovery process for quick data restoration after the disaster.

3. Emergency Response Team: Form a team responsible for executing the DRP, including decision-makers, IT professionals, and communication specialists.

4. Evacuation Plan: Develop an evacuation plan for employees, including exit routes and safe meeting points.

5. Communication Plan: Maintain a communication protocol during and after the hurricane, ensuring employees, stakeholders, and emergency services are well-informed.

6. Alternate Facilities: Identify alternate workspaces, such as remote work or temporary office locations, to minimize downtime and ensure business continuity.

7. Testing and Review: Regularly test and review the DRP to ensure its effectiveness and make necessary adjustments.

By having a well-structured DRP in place, a business can mitigate the impacts of a hurricane, safeguard essential assets, and ensure a quick return to normal operations.

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A start-up company has the following expenses: Rent =$875 Utilities = $115 Material and assembly = $4.75/unit Monthly labor = $480, If its product sells for $18.99/unit. 104 units must it sell to break even

To calculate the break-even point for the start-up company, we need to consider both the fixed costs and variable costs. Fixed costs include rent, utilities, and monthly labor, while variable costs include material and assembly costs per unit.

Fixed costs:
Rent = $875
Utilities = $115
Monthly labor = $480
Total fixed costs = $875 + $115 + $480 = $1,470

Variable cost per unit:
Material and assembly = $4.75/unit

Revenue per unit:
Product price = $18.99/unit

Now, we'll use the break-even formula: Break-even point (in units) = Fixed costs / (Revenue per unit - Variable cost per unit)

Break-even point (in units) = $1,470 / ($18.99 - $4.75)
Break-even point (in units) = $1,470 / $14.24 ≈ 103.23

Since the company cannot sell a fraction of a unit, it needs to sell 104 units to break even.

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A segment of a business enterprise is to be reported separately when the

revenues of the segment exceed 10 percent of the total combined

revenues of all segments reporting profits.

This means that if a segment's revenues exceed 10% of the total combined

revenues of all segments reporting profits, it must be reported separately

in the company's financial statements.

The other options listed are not accurate measures for determining

whether a segment should be reported separately.

Option B, "total revenues of all the enterprise's industry segments," is not a valid measure because a segment's revenue may be significant relative to the entire enterprise, even if it is small compared to other industry segments.

Option C, "total export and foreign sales," is not relevant to determining whether a segment should be reported separately.

Option D, "combined net income of all segments reporting profits," is also not relevant as net income is not the same as revenue.

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To determine the cost of direct materials used by Cullumber Company, you need to consider the beginning raw materials inventory, ending raw materials inventory, and raw material purchases.

The beginning raw materials inventory is the stock of materials at the start of the period, which is $10,000. The ending raw materials inventory is the stock of materials at the end of the period, which is $12,600. Raw material purchases made during the period amount to $142,800.

To calculate the cost of direct materials used, you can use the following formula:

Cost of Direct Materials Used = (Beginning Raw Materials Inventory + Raw Material Purchases) - Ending Raw Materials Inventory

Plugging in the given values, the calculation would be:

Cost of Direct Materials Used = ($10,000 + $142,800) - $12,600

Cost of Direct Materials Used = $152,800 - $12,600

Cost of Direct Materials Used = $140,200

Therefore, the cost of direct materials used by Cullumber Company during the period is $140,200.

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To calculate the cost of direct materials used, we need to subtract the ending raw materials inventory from the sum of beginning raw material inventory and raw material purchases.

This is because the materials used in production are the difference between the raw materials available at the start of the period (beginning inventory) plus any additional raw materials purchased during the period and the raw materials left over at the end of the period (ending inventory).Cost of direct materials used = Beginning raw material inventory + Raw material purchases - Ending raw material inventory

Cost of direct materials used = $10,000 + $142,800 - $12,600

Cost of direct materials used = $140,200

Therefore, Cullumber Company's cost of direct materials used is $140,200.

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In order to offset a $1 million decrease in consumer spending, the government would most likely have to increase government spending or decrease taxes.

To explain, fiscal policy involves the government's use of taxation and expenditure to influence the economy. When consumer spending decreases, the government can implement expansionary fiscal policy to stimulate economic activity.

This can be done in two ways: increasing government spending or decreasing taxes. By increasing government spending, the government injects more money into the economy, boosting demand and encouraging businesses to produce more goods and services.

Alternatively, decreasing taxes leaves consumers with more disposable income, which can lead to increased spending and investment. These actions help counter the negative effects of decreased consumer spending and can stabilize the economy.

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Individual credit-scoring models does not include ethnic background. Option E is answer.

Credit-scoring models are used to assess an individual's creditworthiness and likelihood of repaying loans or credit obligations. They consider various factors to determine a person's credit score. These factors usually include income, length of time in residence, credit history, and age. Ethnic background, however, is not typically included in credit-scoring models as it is not a relevant or appropriate factor for evaluating creditworthiness.

The inclusion of ethnic background in credit assessment would be discriminatory and against fair lending practices. Instead, credit-scoring models focus on objective and relevant information that directly relates to an individual's financial behavior and creditworthiness.

Option E - "Ethnic background" is the correct answer.

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