1. The government supported Indian industries through the establishment of the public sector, foreign exchange controls, and import substitution programs. This strategy allowed for rapid industrialization, but it came at the expense of inefficiency and an inability to compete with foreign firms.
2. Government Policies on Imports and Exports of India The government of India established the Indian Trade Policy of 1948, which regulated India's import and export policies until 1991.
The Protectionist Policies of India were historically observed to protect indigenous markets. Below are the findings regarding the Protectionist Policies of India:
1. Prevailing economic conditions during the protectionist regime of IndiaIndia was struggling with poverty and economic stagnation when it gained independence in 1947. India's economy was dependent on agriculture, and its manufacturing base was extremely limited. As a result, the government chose to pursue an inward-oriented economic development strategy in the 1950s, which was also known as Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI). This strategy aimed to reduce imports of finished goods, encourage domestic production and diversify the economy. During this time, the government supported Indian industries through the establishment of the public sector, foreign exchange controls, and import substitution programs. This strategy allowed for rapid industrialization, but it came at the expense of inefficiency and an inability to compete with foreign firms.
2. Government Policies on Imports and Exports of India The government of India established the Indian Trade Policy of 1948, which regulated India's import and export policies until 1991. The policy aimed to protect domestic industry and restrict imports of goods that could be produced locally. The policy included import licenses, quantitative restrictions, and high tariffs on imported goods to encourage local production. This strategy was successful in promoting import substitution industrialization, but it came at a high cost to the economy. In addition, India faced pressure from other countries, particularly the United States, to liberalize its trade policies. This led to India's decision to adopt a more outward-oriented economic policy and liberalize its trade policies, leading to its entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995.
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How do you measure real consumption per adult equivalent? What
are some issues that should be considered when constructing an
equivalence scale?
Robust statistical methods and representative data sources are crucial to ensure reliable results.
Measuring real consumption per adult equivalent involves determining the level of consumption per person in a household, accounting for differences in needs and economies of scale.
To measure real consumption per adult equivalent, one needs to account for variations in household composition and size. An adult equivalent scale assigns weights to different household members, considering that children have lower consumption needs than adults. By applying this scale, the total household consumption is divided by the number of adult equivalents to obtain real consumption per person.
When constructing an equivalence scale, certain issues should be considered. First, the scale should reflect variations in needs and economies of scale. Different household members may require different amounts of goods and services, and larger households may benefit from cost-sharing. Second, cultural and societal norms regarding resource allocation within households should be taken into account. Third, data limitations and measurement errors can affect the accuracy of the scale. Robust statistical methods and representative data sources are crucial to ensure reliable results.
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The government has decided to impose a pollution tax on coal burning power plants in an attempt to reduce harmful emissions. The new tax will cost the 20 largest industrial carbon emitters $6 million annually. In terms of reduced emissions, the annual tax benefits are valued at $20 per person. 100 million people are directly affected by emissions from these plants. The total annual cost of this tax is ___________, while the total annual benefit to society is ____________.
$60 million, $2 billion
$60 million, $1 billion
$120 million, $1 billion
$120 million, $2 billion
The total annual cost of the pollution tax imposed on the 20 largest industrial carbon emitters is $60 million, while the total annual benefit to society is $1 billion.
The given information states that the new pollution tax will cost the 20 largest industrial carbon emitters $6 million annually. Since there are 20 emitters, the total annual cost of the tax is 20 * $6 million, which equals $120 million.
The annual tax benefits, in terms of reduced emissions, are valued at $20 per person. With 100 million people directly affected by emissions from these plants, the total annual benefit to society is 100 million * $20, which equals $2 billion.
Therefore, the total annual cost of the tax is $120 million, while the total annual benefit to society is $2 billion.
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Companies XYZ sells its product for $30 per unit. Variable costs are 60% of the selling price, and your fixed costs are $25,000. What is the dollar level of sales required to reach tie or balance ("br
To reach the tie or balance point, where the company neither makes a profit nor incurs a loss, the dollar level of sales required would be $62,500.
The dollar level of sales required to reach the tie or balance point, also known as the breakeven point, can be calculated using the given information.
The breakeven point occurs when the total revenue equals the total costs, resulting in neither profit nor loss. To calculate the breakeven point, we need to consider both the fixed costs and the variable costs.
The dollar level of sales required to reach tie or balance ("breakeven point") is $62,500.
To explain further, let's break down the calculation:
Variable costs as a percentage of the selling price: Since the variable costs are 60% of the selling price, we can calculate them as $30 * 0.60 = $18 per unit.
Contribution margin per unit: The contribution margin is the difference between the selling price and the variable cost per unit. In this case, it is $30 - $18 = $12 per unit.
Breakeven point in units: To cover the fixed costs, we divide the fixed costs ($25,000) by the contribution margin per unit ($12). This gives us 25,000 / 12 = 2,083.33 units.
Breakeven point in dollars: To calculate the dollar level of sales required to reach the breakeven point, we multiply the breakeven point in units (2,083.33) by the selling price ($30). This gives us 2,083.33 * 30 = $62,500.
Therefore, to reach the tie or balance point, where the company neither makes a profit nor incurs a loss, the dollar level of sales required would be $62,500. This amount covers the fixed costs and variable costs associated with producing and selling the product.
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Consider two bonds. Bond A has a $50 coupon, payable at the end of each year. Bond B has two semi-annual $25 coupons, one payable in mid-year and the second at the end of the year. Both bonds are otherwise identical, with the same principle and maturity. Would bond A have a higher, lower or the same price as Bond B? Why?
Bond A and Bond B have different coupon structures. Bond A has an annual $50 coupon payment, while Bond B has two semi-annual $25 coupon payments.
In general, the price of a bond is influenced by various factors, including the coupon payments, prevailing interest rates, and the time to maturity. The coupon structure affects the cash flows received by bondholders and, consequently, can impact the bond's price.
When comparing Bond A and Bond B, it's important to consider the timing of coupon payments. Bond A pays a $50 coupon at the end of each year, while Bond B pays two semi-annual coupons of $25 each, with one payment in the mid-year and the other at the end of the year.
The timing of coupon payments can affect the present value of cash flows. In general, earlier cash flows are more valuable than later ones due to the time value of money. With Bond B, the semi-annual coupon payment received in the mid-year allows investors to receive cash flows sooner compared to Bond A, which pays an annual coupon at the end of the year.
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TRUE / FALSE. "write next to questions T/ F for each question
The main goal of a cost leader is to have the lowest cost not the lowest price. True False
Companies with abundant resources are assured continued success True False
According to the cost benefit an"
1. The main goal of a cost leader is to have the lowest cost, not the lowest price. - True
In business strategy, a cost leader aims to achieve a competitive advantage by having the lowest cost structure in the industry. This means they focus on minimizing their expenses and operating efficiently to produce goods or services at a lower cost compared to their competitors. The objective is not necessarily to offer the lowest price in the market but rather to have a cost advantage that allows them to generate higher profits while still maintaining a competitive price.
2. Companies with abundant resources are assured continued success. - False
Having abundant resources does not guarantee continued success for a company. While having resources can provide certain advantages, such as financial stability or the ability to invest in growth opportunities, success in business is influenced by various factors. These include market dynamics, competition, customer demands, innovation, effective management, and adaptability to changing circumstances. Companies need to strategically manage their resources and make sound business decisions to maintain and improve their competitive position.
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what do you feel about the project inputs? which of the inputs in
your opinion would you consider the most important? (exactly full
answer please)
As an AI language model, I don't have feelings, but I can provide an objective response to your question.
The project inputs refer to all the resources, information, and materials that are required for a project's successful completion. These inputs include financial resources, human resources, physical resources, equipment, technology, and more.
All the inputs for a project are essential and play a crucial role in its success. However, some inputs may be more critical than others, depending on the nature and complexity of the project. In my opinion, the most important input for any project is human resources. The success of any project depends on the skills, experience, and dedication of the team members. Therefore, having the right people on board and ensuring their productivity, engagement, and satisfaction is crucial. A competent and motivated team can overcome any challenges and deliver excellent results even with limited resources. Another input that is equally important is communication. Effective communication channels and protocols ensure that all stakeholders are well-informed, aligned, and able to share feedback and suggestions. This input helps to avoid misunderstandings, delays, and errors, which can cause the project to fail or exceed the budget and schedule.
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Intro Nollaney Corp. had $58,000 in cash at the end of 2020 and $72,000 at the end of 2021. The firm invested a total of $332,000 in property, plant, and equipment. Total cash flow from financing activities was +$270,000. Attempt 2/6 for 5 pts. Part 1 What was the cash flow from operating activities? 76,000 Correct ✓ Attempt 5/6 for 5 pts. Part 2 If accounts receivable and inventories increased by $85,000 (total), accounts payable increased by $14,000, and depreciation added up to $54,000, what was the firm's net income?
The firm's income was $93,000.
To calculate the net income, we can use the following formula:
Net Income = Cash flow from operating activities - Cash flow from investing activities - Cash flow from financing activities
We know that the cash flow from investing activities was -$332,000 and the cash flow from financing activities was +$270,000.
To find the cash flow from operating activities, we can use the indirect method of preparing the statement of cash flows. We start with net income and adjust for non-cash items such as depreciation and changes in working capital.
Let's break down the information given:
The change in cash balance from 2020 to 2021 was an increase of $72,000 - $58,000 = $14,000.
Cash flow from investing activities was -$332,000
Cash flow from financing activities was +$270,000.
Change in accounts receivable and inventories = $85,000
Change in accounts payable = $14,000
Depreciation = $54,000
Using this information, we can calculate the cash flow from operating activities as follows:
Cash flow from operating activities = Net income + Depreciation - Change in accounts receivable and inventories + Change in accounts payable
= Net income + $54,000 - $85,000 + $14,000
= Net income - $17,000
We are given that the cash flow from operating activities is $76,000 (from Attempt 2/6), so we can solve for net income:
$76,000 = Net income - $17,000
Net income = $93,000
Therefore, the firm's income was $93,000.
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Exercise 15-2 (Algo) Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities [LO15-2] For the year just completed, Hanna Company had net income of $78,000. Balances in the company's current asset and current liability accounts at the beginning and end of the year were as follows: December 31 End of Beginning Year of Year Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Inventory Prepaid expenses Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Income taxes payable $ 57,000 $ 82,000 $ 168,000 $ 188,000 $ 439,000 $ 346,000 $ 11,500 $ 14,000 $ 366,000 $ 384,000 $ 8,500 $ 11,500 $ 33,000 $ 26,000 The Accumulated Depreciation account had total credits of $44,000 during the year. Hanna Company did not record any gains or losses during the year. Required: Using the indirect method, determine the net cash provided by operating activities for the year. (List any deduction in cash and cash outflows as negative amounts.) Hanna Company Statement of Cash Flows—Indirect Method (partial) Net income Adjustments to convert net income to a cash basis: Depreciation Decrease in accounts receivable Increase in inventory Decrease in prepaid expenses Decrease in accounts payable Decrease in accrued liabilities Increase in income taxes payable Net cash provided by operating activities
The net cash provided by operating activities for the year is $209,500. Hanna Company Statement of Cash Flows—Indirect Method (partial)Net income $78,000 Adjustments to convert net income to a cash basis:
Depreciation $44,000Increase in inventory ($168,000-$188,000) $20,000Increase in prepaid expenses ($11,500-$8,500) $3,000Decrease in accounts payable ($439,000-$366,000) $73,000Increase in accrued liabilities ($26,000-$33,000) ($7,000)Increase in income taxes payable ($14,000-$11,500) ($2,500)Net cash provided by operating activities $209,500
The net cash provided by operating activities for the year has been determined using the indirect method. Here, all the cash inflows and outflows that arise from the company's operations have been taken into account for this calculation. The following adjustments have been made to convert the net income to a cash basis: Depreciation: The accumulated depreciation account had total credits of $44,000 during the year. As depreciation is a non-cash expense, it has been added back to the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. Increase in inventory: The balance in the inventory account at the end of the year was higher than the balance at the beginning of the year. Hence, there was an increase in inventory. As a result, it is a cash outflow from the company's operations. Therefore, the increase in inventory amount has been added back to the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. Decrease in prepaid expenses: The balance in the prepaid expenses account at the end of the year was lower than the balance at the beginning of the year. Hence, there was a decrease in prepaid expenses. As a result, it is a cash inflow from the company's operations. Therefore, the decrease in prepaid expenses amount has been added back to the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. Decrease in accounts payable: The balance in the accounts payable account at the end of the year was lower than the balance at the beginning of the year. Hence, there was a decrease in accounts payable. As a result, it is a cash inflow from the company's operations. Therefore, the decrease in accounts payable amount has been added back to the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. Increase in accrued liabilities: The balance in the accrued liabilities account at the end of the year was higher than the balance at the beginning of the year. Hence, there was an increase in accrued liabilities. As a result, it is a cash outflow from the company's operations. Therefore, the increase in accrued liabilities amount has been subtracted from the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. Increase in income taxes payable: The balance in the income taxes payable account at the end of the year was higher than the balance at the beginning of the year. Hence, there was an increase in income taxes payable. As a result, it is a cash outflow from the company's operations. Therefore, the increase in income taxes payable amount has been subtracted from the net income to adjust it to a cash basis. The net cash provided by operating activities for the year is $209,500.
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The process of human resource planning has expanded beyond
predicting the number of employees an organization will need to
become more strategic.
True
False
True. The process of human resource planning has indeed expanded beyond simply predicting the number of employees an organization will need.
It has become more strategic and comprehensive, taking into account factors such as workforce skills, competencies, and alignment with organizational goals and objectives. Human resource planning now involves forecasting future talent needs, identifying gaps in skills and capabilities, and developing strategies to attract, retain, and develop the right talent to meet the organization's present and future needs. This shift in focus allows organizations to align their human resources with their overall strategic objectives and gain a competitive advantage in the market.
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Question 4 Breda owns a gym. In her financial year ended 30 April 20X1 she buys a new exercise bike for £450. The date of purchase was 1 November 20X0. Breda aims to keep exercise bikes for three years. After three years she finds the bikes are usually well-worn and worth very little. She advertises old equipment to her members, and would usually expect to receive about £30 for an old exercise bike. Breda charges depreciation on exercise bikes using the straight-line method, with a time pro-rated charge in the first and final years of ownership, depending on the dates of acquisition and disposal. Required: a. Calculate the depreciation charge on the exercise bike for the years ended 30 April 20X1 and 20X2. (4 Marks) b. Calculate the cost, accumulated depreciation and net book value of the exercise bike as at 30 April 20X1 and 20X2. (6 Marks) c. Assume that on 31 January 20X3 Breda receives a cash offer for the bike for £250, and that she accepts the offer. Calculate the profit or loss on disposal of the bike (4 Marks) d. Write the journal entries for the sale of the bike. (4 Marks) e. What would be the figures appearing in the financial statements of the company at 31 December 20X1 and 20X2, using the information calculated. (4 Marks) f. Identify one other depreciation method and explain how Breda should choose which method to use. (3Marks)
Breda aims to keep exercise bikes for three years. After three years, she finds the bikes are usually well-worn and worth very little. She advertises old equipment to her members, and would usually expect to receive about £30 for an old exercise bike.
Breda charges depreciation on exercise bikes using the straight-line method, with a time pro-rated charge in the first and final years of ownership, depending on the dates of acquisition and disposal. Straight-line method of depreciation is a commonly used method of calculating depreciation over time. As per this method, the same amount of depreciation is deducted from the asset’s value for each year over its useful life. The straight-line depreciation rate is calculated as (Cost - Residual value) / Useful life.Calculation of depreciation for the years ended 30 April 20X1 and 20X2: Cost of the bike = £450 Life of the bike = 3 years. Therefore, annual depreciation = (£450-£30)/3 = £140 (rounded off)
Calculation of the cost, accumulated depreciation and net book value of the exercise bike as at 30 April 20X1 and 20X2: Note: The time pro-rated charge is calculated based on the period for which the asset was in use during the year under consideration. In 20X1 Cost: £450 Depreciation (from the above calculation) = £140 Time pro-rated depreciation for 213 days = (£140/365) * 213 = £82.08 Accumulated depreciation = £82.08 Net book value = Cost - accumulated depreciation = £367.92In 20X2 Cost: £450 Depreciation (from the above calculation) = £140 Time pro-rated depreciation for 365 days = (£140/365) * 365 = £140 Accumulated depreciation = £82.08 + £140 = £222.08 Net book value = Cost - accumulated depreciation = £227.92
The profit or loss on disposal of the bike: Sales price = £250 Net book value on 31 January 20X3 = £140 Profit or loss on disposal = Sales price - Net book value = £110 loss
Journal entries for the sale of the bike: On 31 January 20X3, the following journal entry will be made: Account Debit Credit Bank account£250 Disposal of exercise bike (loss)£110 Depreciation account£140
What would be the figures appearing in the financial statements of the company at 31 December 20X1 and 20X2, using the information calculated: As at 30 April 20X1: Balance sheet Fixed assets£367.92 Current assets Other assets£30 Profit and loss account Depreciation £82.08 As at 30 April 20X2:Balance sheet Fixed assets £227.92 Current assets Other assets£30Profit and loss account Depreciation £140
Identification of one other depreciation method and explanation on how Breda should choose which method to use: Another depreciation method is the reducing balance method. It is similar to the straight-line method, but the rate of depreciation is higher in the earlier years of the asset's life and reduces over time. This method is used when the asset's efficiency is higher in its early years, and its maintenance cost is lower. It is ideal for assets that will be replaced once they are worn out and those that are more efficient in the early years of their life. Breda can use the reducing balance method if the exercise bikes are more efficient in the early years of use. She should assess the maintenance cost and efficiency of the asset in its early years to determine if this method is more appropriate for the bikes. If the maintenance cost is high in the early years and the asset is equally efficient throughout its life, the straight-line method is more appropriate.
Breda uses the straight-line method to calculate depreciation on her exercise bikes. Based on the cost and life of the asset, the annual depreciation for each year is £140. The cost, accumulated depreciation, and net book value of the asset at the end of each financial year are calculated. When Breda receives a cash offer of £250 for the bike, she records a loss on disposal of £110. The journal entries for the sale of the bike are also shown. Finally, another method of depreciation, the reducing balance method, is identified and explained, and how Breda should choose which method to use is discussed.
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which aspect of niche online social networks makes the medium most appealing to marketers?
The aspect of niche online social networks that makes the medium most appealing to marketers is the ability to target specific, highly engaged audiences with shared interests or demographics.
Niche online social networks cater to specific communities or interest groups, allowing individuals with common interests to connect and engage with each other. This aspect makes these networks highly appealing to marketers for several reasons.
Firstly, niche social networks offer a targeted audience. By focusing on specific interests or demographics, marketers can reach a more relevant and engaged audience for their products or services. They can tailor their marketing messages and campaigns to Social media platforms align with the interests and preferences of the network's members, increasing the chances of resonating with them and driving conversions.
Secondly, niche networks often foster a sense of community and trust among their members. Users in these networks are more likely to have strong connections and actively participate in discussions and recommendations related to their shared interests. This presents an opportunity for marketers to leverage the power of word-of-mouth marketing and influencer endorsements within these communities.
Lastly, niche social networks often provide more in-depth data and analytics about their members, allowing marketers to gain insights into their behaviors, preferences, and purchasing patterns. This data can inform targeted advertising strategies and enable marketers to create more personalized and effective campaigns.
Overall, the appeal of niche online social networks to marketers lies in the ability to reach a specific audience, tap into a sense of community and trust, and leverage detailed data for targeted marketing efforts.
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The preparation of the budget for direct materials ("direct materials") must be preceded by the preparation of the budget for: Mutiple choice selling and administrative expenses. canh indirect manufac
The preparation of the budget for direct materials must be preceded by the preparation of the budget for production or manufacturing overhead expenses.
The budget for production or manufacturing overhead expenses includes indirect manufacturing costs such as factory rent, utilities, maintenance, and other costs associated with the production process. These costs are necessary for the production of goods but are not directly attributable to specific units of production like direct materials. Therefore, understanding and estimating the manufacturing overhead expenses is crucial before preparing the budget for direct materials.
Selling and administrative expenses are not directly related to the production process and are typically treated separately from the manufacturing budget. These expenses include costs associated with sales, marketing, distribution, and general administration of the company, but they do not directly impact the budget for direct materials.
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Support chat the Universal Studios Singapore is using a simulation to study the waiting line (queue) for the Battlestar Galactica Roller Coaster ride. Among the choices below, identify the probability distributions that would likely be a best fit for the arrival rate and the inter-arrival time of the customers of the Battlestar Galactica ride. Exponential distributions for both the customer arrival rate and the inter-arrival time. Exponential distribution for the customer arrival rate and a normal distribution for the inter-arrival time. Poisson distribution for the customer arrival rate and Poisson distribution for the inter-arrival time. Normal distribution for the customer arrival rate and uniform distribution for the inter-arrival time. Poisson distribution for the customer arrival rate and exponential distribution for the inter-arrival time
.
The probability distributions that would likely be a best fit for the arrival rate and the inter-arrival time of the customers of the Battlestar Galactica ride are Exponential distribution for both the customer arrival rate and the inter-arrival time.
Simulation refers to a numerical approach that models the activities of an actual system over time. A simulation is often used to examine the impact of multiple policy choices and their effects on a system's outcomes. As a result, it is a highly valuable tool for improving decision-making procedures.What is Exponential Distribution?The Exponential Distribution is used to represent the time it takes for an event to occur in a Poisson Process. It's most commonly used to model waiting times between events, such as the time between arrivals at a toll booth or the time between radiation counts.
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A stock is currently selling for $61 per share. A call option with an exercise price of $67 sells for $4.35 and expires in three months. If the risk-free rate of interest is 2.6 percent per year, compounded continuously, what is the price of a put option with the same exercise price? Multiple Choice A. $1.02 B. $9.92 C. $9.52 D. $10.31 E. $10,31
The price of a put option can be calculated using the put-call parity formula.
Given the current stock price, the price of a call option, the time to expiration, and the risk-free interest rate, we can determine the price of a put option with the same exercise price.
In this case, the stock is selling for $61 per share, and a call option with an exercise price of $67 is selling for $4.35 and expires in three months. The risk-free rate of interest is 2.6% per year, compounded continuously.
Using the put-call parity formula, the price of a put option can be calculated as:
Put Price = Call Price + Exercise Price * e^(-r * t) - Stock Price
where:
Call Price is the price of the call option
Exercise Price is the exercise price of both the call and put options
r is the risk-free interest rate
t is the time to expiration
Stock Price is the current price of the stock
Plugging in the given values, we have:
Put Price = $4.35 + $67 * e^(-0.026 * (3/12)) - $61
Calculating this expression, the price of the put option is approximately $9.52.
Therefore, the correct answer is C. $9.52.
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You have the opportunity to attend a conference for professional development in your area of expertise and you want to submit a request (prior to the conference) for the expenses to be covered by your employer. Conference expenses include the following:
1: Airfare or mileage from the region where you live(Michigan) to St. Louis, MO Three nights in a hotel in downtown St. Louis, MO (close to America’s Convention Center Complex)
2: Three nights in a hotel in downtown St. Louis, MO (close to America’s Convention Center Complex)
3: Taxi fare from the airport to your hotel and from your hotel back to the airport (either Uber or Lyft)
4: One dinner and one breakfast (all other meals are included in the conference)
5: Conference fee - $350
You should request your employer to cover these expenses. You can conclude your letter by thanking your employer for considering your request to attend the conference and for giving you the opportunity to enhance your professional skills.
Dear User,In order to submit a request to your employer regarding the coverage of the expenses for attending a conference for professional development in your area of expertise, you have to follow the guidelines below:You should write a letter to your employer and start by addressing them. You have to tell your employer the reason for writing this letter and the subject matter, i.e., the request for attending a conference for professional development in your area of expertise. You should mention the date, place, and duration of the conference as well as the various expenses required to attend the conference. The expenses include airfare or mileage, hotel charges, taxi fare, meals, and conference fees.You should make sure to give your employer sufficient details about the conference such as the location (America’s Convention Center Complex), its importance, and what you intend to learn from the conference. You should also inform them of the benefits your company will get from your participation in the conference.The total expenses for attending the conference are estimated to be about $1,200, including conference fees. So, you should request your employer to cover these expenses. You can conclude your letter by thanking your employer for considering your request to attend the conference and for giving you the opportunity to enhance your professional skills.
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What are the Wheels Group’s core competencies and what has made
the business successful to date?
The Wheels Group is a non-asset based company that offers third-party logistics solutions. They have two core competencies, which are; the provision of comprehensive transportation solutions and offering flexible logistics solutions to their customers.
These two core competencies have been instrumental in their success to date.Provision of comprehensive transportation solutionsThe Wheels Group has invested heavily in developing a comprehensive transportation solution, including transport planning and optimization. This solution enables their customers to optimize their supply chain while reducing their transportation costs. The company has a vast network of carriers who are reliable and ensure their clients' loads are transported safely and efficiently. Furthermore, they have a robust system in place to track and monitor all shipments. Offering flexible logistics solutionsThe Wheels Group is known for offering flexible logistics solutions that can be customized to suit their customers' needs. They have a team of experts who are well-versed in all aspects of logistics. They can provide supply chain planning, warehouse management, and fulfillment services to their clients. The company's ability to offer flexible solutions has been instrumental in their success as it ensures customer satisfaction.
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Brier Company, manufacturer of car seat covers, provided the following standard costs for its product: Standard Standard Cost Standard Cost Inputs Quantity ($) per Unit (S) Direct materials 7.1 pounds 5 per pound 35.50 Direct labour 0.8 hours 17 per hour 13.60 Variable overheads 0.8 hours 7 per hour 5.60 The company reported the following in 2022 May: 4 700 units Original budgeted gutput Actual output 4 500 units 3 610 hours Actual direct labour hou Actual cost of direct labour $65 341 Purchases of raw materials Actual price paid for raw materials 36 500 pounds $186 150 34 150 pounds Raw materials used Actual variable overhead st $24 909 Variable overhead is applied on the basis of direct labour hours. A. Compute the following: Direct materials quantity variance Direct materials price variance Direct materials total variance Direct labour efficiency variance 111. iv. V. Direct labour rate variance vi. Direct labour total variance vii. Variable overhead efficiency variance Variable overhead rate variance viii. (2 marks) (3 marks) (1 mark) (2 marks) (3 marks) (1 mark) (2 marks) (2 marks)
The formula for direct material quantity variance can be given as follows :Direct Material Quantity Variance = (Standard Quantity of Material – Actual Quantity of Material) x Standard Cost per Unit of Material, where, Standard Quantity of Material = Actual Output x Standard Quantity of Material per unit of Output. The -$9,975, is variance is unfavorable since it is negative.
Actual Quantity of Material = Actual Quantity of Material UsedStandard Cost per Unit of Material = Standard Cost of Material per unit of OutputSo, we need to find Standard Quantity of Material per unit of Output. From the given information, we know that:Standard Quantity of Material = 7.1 pounds per unit of outputActual Output = 4,500 units. Therefore,Standard Quantity of Material per unit of Output = Standard Quantity of Material / Actual Output= 7.1 / 4,500= 0.0016 pounds per unit of outputNow, we need to find the actual quantity of material used. From the given information, we know that:Actual Quantity of Material Used = Raw Materials Purchased – Raw Materials in Inventory= 34,150 – 24,909= 9,241 pounds Now, we can find Direct Materials Quantity Variance.Direct Material Quantity Variance = (Standard Quantity of Material – Actual Quantity of Material) x Standard Cost per Unit of Material= (0.0016 * 4,500 – 9,241) * 5= -$9,975. This variance is unfavorable since it is negative.Direct labour efficiency varianceThe formula for direct labor efficiency variance can be given as follows:Direct Labor Efficiency Variance = (Standard Hours – Actual Hours) x Standard Rate per HourWhere,Standard Hours = Actual Output x Standard Hours per unit of OutputActual Hours = Actual Direct Labor HoursStandard Rate per Hour = Standard Labor Cost per Hour / Standard Hours per Unit of OutputSo, we need to find Standard Hours per unit of Output. From the given information, we know that:Standard Hours = 0.8 hours per unit of outputActual Output = 4,500 unitsTherefore,Standard Hours per unit of Output = Standard Hours / Actual Output= 0.8 / 4,500= 0.00018 hours per unit of outputNow, we need to find Standard Labor Cost per Hour. From the given information, we know that:Standard Labor Cost per Hour = 17So,Standard Rate per Hour = 17 / 0.8= $21.25Now, we can find Direct Labor Efficiency Variance.Direct Labor Efficiency Variance = (Standard Hours – Actual Hours) x Standard Rate per Hour= (0.00018 * 4,500 – 3,610) * $21.25= $-2,292.63This variance is unfavorable since it is negative.
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Explain how did the bond market influence history of
nations?
The bond market has had a significant impact on the history of nations in various ways. The bond market influences a country's economic growth, prosperity, and political stability. In this way, the bond market plays a vital role in the growth and development of a nation.
The bond market allows investors to buy and sell bonds, which are a form of debt issued by a government or corporation. Governments often use bonds to finance infrastructure projects, such as highways, bridges, and airports. When a government issues bonds, investors purchase them, and the government uses the funds to finance its projects. This means that the bond market can be a powerful tool for promoting economic growth and development in a country. Additionally, the bond market has had a significant impact on political stability.
For example, if a country is facing a debt crisis, investors may lose confidence in the government and begin selling their bonds. This can lead to a financial crisis that can have a significant impact on the country's economy and political stability. In conclusion, the bond market has a profound effect on the history of nations by influencing their economic growth, prosperity, and political stability.
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Rachel Lucas is the human resources manager of a prestigious accounting firm. Rachel recently attended a local human resources professionals' association meet- ing where recruitment was the topic up for discussion At this meeting all aspects of the recruitment process, including recruitment methods and how to increase diversity through the use of application forms, were to be discussed. Rachel couldn't wait to apply what she learned at this meeting to her job While listening to the scheduled speaker for the even- ing, Rachel started to think about the current recruitment initiatives she was dealing with at work. The firm was entering its traditional busy season where many clients would need tax returns completed. This time every year she needed to source and hire quality, qualified candidates to fill 50 tax preparer positions. The partners were relying heavily on her this year to get higher quality candidates because of the complex returns that would have to be completed, and to have them in place within three weeks
1. Should Rachel use internal or external recruitment techniques to staff these 50 positions?
2. Rachel is hoping to recruit qualified candidates from a variety of diverse demographics. Will she have to use different recruitment techniques to do this? If so, what ones are the most effective to attract these candidates? (older workers, designated group members, and so on)?
3. Rachel plans on hiring recruiters to assist her in staffing these 50 positions. Knowing the company will require the recruiters to adhere to the concept of employer branding, describe what steps Rachel should take to orient the new recruiters to the branding process.
4. In conducting job interviews, what are five questions they should ask recruiter candidates?
5. Design a rating system to evaluate the responses of the recruiter candidates for the questions you asked in #4, for the recruiter jobs.
1. Rachel should consider using a combination of internal and external recruitment techniques to staff the 50 positions. Internal recruitment involves identifying and considering existing employees within the company for the job openings. This can be beneficial as it encourages employee development and loyalty. External recruitment, on the other hand, involves seeking candidates from outside the company, which can bring fresh perspectives and skills. Given the need for quality and qualified candidates within a short timeframe, Rachel can explore both options. Internal recruitment may help identify potential candidates who are already familiar with the company's operations, while external recruitment can broaden the pool of talent.
2. Yes, Rachel may need to use different recruitment techniques to attract qualified candidates from diverse demographics. Effective techniques for attracting diverse candidates can include targeted advertising in publications or platforms that reach specific demographics, networking events with organizations representing diverse groups, partnerships with educational institutions or community organizations, and promoting the company's commitment to diversity and inclusion in job postings and employer branding efforts. Tailoring recruitment strategies to specific demographic groups can help attract a more diverse range of candidates.
3. To orient the new recruiters to the concept of employer branding, Rachel should take the following steps:
- Clearly articulate the company's mission, values, and culture, emphasizing the importance of employer branding in attracting and retaining top talent.
- Provide training on the company's employer brand message, ensuring recruiters understand the key selling points and unique aspects of the organization as an employer.
- Familiarize recruiters with the company's recruitment marketing materials, including the website, social media presence, and any employer branding campaigns.
- Encourage recruiters to actively engage with candidates and promote the employer brand consistently throughout the recruitment process.
- Establish regular communication channels to share updates on employer branding initiatives and provide ongoing support and guidance to the recruiters.
4. Five questions Rachel can ask recruiter candidates during job interviews:
a. Can you describe your experience in sourcing and attracting candidates for positions similar to the ones we are hiring for?
b. How do you stay updated on industry trends and best practices in recruitment?
c. Can you share an example of a successful diversity recruitment initiative or campaign you have led?
d. How do you assess candidate fit beyond the qualifications and skills listed on their resumes?
e. How do you use data and metrics to measure the effectiveness of your recruitment strategies and make improvements?
5. Rating system for evaluating responses of recruiter candidates:
Criteria:
- Demonstrated experience in sourcing and attracting candidates for similar positions (1-5 scale)
- Knowledge of industry trends and best practices (1-5 scale)
- Success in leading diversity recruitment initiatives (1-5 scale)
- Ability to assess candidate fit beyond qualifications (1-5 scale)
- Skill in using data and metrics for recruitment strategy improvement (1-5 scale)
Each criterion can be rated on a scale of 1-5, with 1 being low and 5 being high. The scores for each criterion can be totaled to provide an overall rating for each candidate. For example, if a candidate scores 4 on criterion 1, 5 on criterion 2, 3 on criterion 3, 4 on criterion 4, and 2 on criterion 5, the total score would be 18 out of 25. This rating system allows for a quantitative evaluation of the recruiter candidates' responses and provides a basis for comparison.
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5 J ?The total revenue of a corporation for a given period is estimated to be $25,000. What is the contribution margin ratio if the total variable cost is $10,000 50%. O 70%.b O 40%. O 60% d O
The question is about the contribution margin ratio of a corporation for a given period when the total revenue is estimated to be $25,000 and the total variable cost is $10,000. The answer is 60%.
Therefore, the contribution margin ratio is calculated by dividing the contribution margin by the total sales revenue. The contribution margin is the difference between the total sales revenue and total variable costs, and it can be calculated using the formula: Contribution margin = Total sales revenue - Total variable costs. Given that the total revenue is estimated to be $25,000, and the total variable cost is $10,000. Therefore, the contribution margin is: Contribution margin = $25,000 - $10,000 Contribution margin = $15,000Now that we have found the contribution margin, we can proceed to calculate the contribution margin ratio.
The contribution margin ratio is calculated by dividing the contribution margin by the total sales revenue. It can be calculated using the formula: Contribution margin ratio = (Contribution margin / Total sales revenue) × 100%Substituting the values, we have: Contribution margin ratio = ($15,000 / $25,000) × 100%Contribution margin ratio = 60%Therefore, the contribution margin ratio is 60%.
The contribution margin ratio is a financial ratio that is used to measure the profitability of a company. It is calculated by dividing the contribution margin by the total sales revenue. In this case, the contribution margin ratio is 60% when the total revenue of a corporation is estimated to be $25,000, and the total variable cost is $10,000.
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it is easy for marketers to identify consumer evaluation criteria. true or false?
The answer to this question is "false." While marketers do have access to various tools and techniques that can help them identify consumer evaluation criteria, it is not always easy to do so. Consumer evaluation criteria can be subjective and complex, and they can vary from one individual to another, as well as from one product category to another.
Additionally, consumer evaluation criteria can change over time as new products, technologies, and trends emerge. Therefore, marketers must conduct ongoing research and analysis to stay abreast of consumer evaluation criteria and adjust their strategies accordingly. They may use a variety of methods such as surveys, focus groups, data analytics, and social media monitoring to identify consumer evaluation criteria.
Overall, it takes time, effort, and resources for marketers to identify consumer evaluation criteria and apply that knowledge effectively in their marketing strategies.
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CROSS RATES Suppose the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Swedish krona was 7.97 krona $1, and the exchange rate between the dollar and the British pound was £1 $1.29. What would be the exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds?
The exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds would be approximately 9.76 kronas per pound.
To determine the exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds, we can use the given exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and Swedish krona and between the U.S. dollar and British pound.
Convert Swedish kronas to U.S. dollars
Since the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and Swedish krona is 7.97 krona per $1, we can calculate the value of 1 Swedish krona in U.S. dollars by taking the reciprocal of the exchange rate: 1 / 7.97 = 0.1256 dollars per krona.
Convert U.S. dollars to British pounds
Next, we need to convert U.S. dollars to British pounds using the given exchange rate of £1 to $1.29. Multiplying the exchange rate by the value of 1 U.S. dollar in British pounds, we get: 1.29 dollars per pound.
Calculate the exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds
Finally, we multiply the value of 1 Swedish krona in U.S. dollars (0.1256 dollars per krona) by the value of 1 U.S. dollar in British pounds (1.29 dollars per pound) to find the exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds: 0.1256 * 1.29 = 0.1620 pounds per krona.
Therefore, the exchange rate between Swedish kronas and pounds would be approximately 9.76 kronas per pound.
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Question 25 Consider the following data about a firm. The tax rate is 20%. What is the total free cash flow in year 2001? 2000 2001 2002 OCF 50 45 55 Depreciation 8 10 12 Interest 10 15 20 Net PPE 80
The total free cash flow in year 2001 for the firm is $12 million ($31 million * (1 - Tax Rate)).
The total free cash flow in year 2001 for the firm can be calculated by subtracting the taxes, interest expense, and changes in net PPE from the operating cash flow (OCF) and adding the depreciation. Considering a tax rate of 20%, the total free cash flow in year 2001 is $12 million.
To calculate the total free cash flow in year 2001, we need to consider various components. First, we subtract the taxes from the operating cash flow (OCF). The tax rate is given as 20%. So, the after-tax cash flow is calculated by multiplying the OCF by (1 - Tax Rate), resulting in $36 million (45 * (1 - 0.20)).
Next, we subtract the interest expense from the after-tax cash flow. The interest expense in 2001 is $15 million. Therefore, the cash flow after interest is $21 million ($36 million - $15 million).
Then, we subtract the change in net PPE (Property, Plant, and Equipment) from the cash flow after interest. The net PPE in 2000 is $80 million, and in 2001, it remains the same. Hence, there is no change in net PPE.
Finally, we add the depreciation to the cash flow after adjusting for net PPE. The depreciation in 2001 is $10 million. Adding this to the cash flow after adjusting for net PPE gives us a total free cash flow of $31 million ($21 million + $10 million).
Therefore, the total free cash flow in year 2001 for the firm is $12 million ($31 million * (1 - Tax Rate)).
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David has $500 in a savings account. Each year 6% interest is
gained on the account. How much money will David have in total
after he collects the interest in the sixth year?
David will have a total of $671.04 in his savings account after collecting the interest in the sixth year.
To solve this problem, we can use the following formula for compound interest:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Where:
A = the amount of money in the account after t years
P = the principal amount (the initial amount of money)
r = the annual interest rate (as a decimal)
n = the number of times the interest is compounded per year
t = the number of years
In this case, P = $500, r = 6%, n = 1 (compounded annually), and t = 6 years. Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
A = 500(1 + 0.06/1)^(1*6)
A = 500(1.06)^6
A = $671.04
Therefore, David will have a total of $671.04 in his savings account after collecting the interest in the sixth year.
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Consider the following 2 period model of optimal schooling with periods P1 (school or work) and P2 (work)
- If they attend school, earn no income in P1, and earn WH in P2.
- If they do NOT attend school, earn income WL in each period.
- At first, there are no costs to schooling, no intrinsic benefits, and people do not discount future earnings.
- "Net Income" refers to total (expected) wage earnings minus any costs paid
( ) If WH = 10 and WL = 7, will they choose school or not?
Set WH, WL and back to arbitrary parameter values (letters not real numbers) and add a cost of schooling C to the model. . Now also suppose that, after schooling, the individual will only get a job paying WH in period 2 with probability J (0 ≤ J ≤ 1), otherwise they get a job at the un-skilled wage WL.
( ) If J = 0, what is the expected wage in the second period if the individual goes to school
( ) If J = 0, the expected wage in the second period, if the individual goes to school, would be WH.
When J = 0, it means that there is no probability of getting a job at the skilled wage (WH) in the second period after attending school. Instead, the individual will always get a job at the unskilled wage (WL) in the second period.
In this scenario, the individual's expected wage in the second period would be the same as the unskilled wage (WL) because there is no chance of obtaining a skilled job. Therefore, the expected wage in the second period, if the individual goes to school when J = 0, would be WL.
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Question 13
"Find the Pear Company's cost of equity if its current share
price is $20, the next annual dividend is $1.40, the accounting
return on equity (ROE) is 10%, and the dividend payout ratio is
The cost of equity for the Pear Company can be calculated using the dividend discount model (DDM).
The DDM estimates the cost of equity by dividing the expected dividend by the current share price and adding the growth rate. In this case, the next annual dividend is $1.40 and the current share price is $20. The dividend payout ratio, which represents the portion of earnings paid out as dividends, is not provided. However, the accounting return on equity (ROE) is given as 10%. To calculate the dividend payout ratio, we can use the formula: Dividend Payout Ratio = Dividend / Net Income. With the dividend payout ratio determined, we can then calculate the cost of equity.
To find the dividend payout ratio, we use the accounting return on equity (ROE) of 10%. The ROE is calculated as Net Income / Shareholders' Equity. Let's assume the net income is NI. Therefore, we have NI / Shareholders' Equity = 10%. Rearranging the formula, we get NI = 0.10 * Shareholders' Equity. Now, the dividend payout ratio can be calculated as Dividend / NI. Since the next annual dividend is $1.40, and we know NI = 0.10 * Shareholders' Equity, the dividend payout ratio is Dividend / (0.10 * Shareholders' Equity) = $1.40 / (0.10 * Shareholders' Equity).
Now, we can use the DDM formula to calculate the cost of equity. The DDM formula is Cost of Equity = Dividend / Share Price + Growth Rate. We already have the next annual dividend as $1.40 and the current share price as $20. The growth rate is calculated using the dividend growth model (DGM), which assumes a constant growth rate of dividends. However, the growth rate is not provided in the given information. Therefore, we need additional data or assumptions to calculate it. Once the growth rate is determined, we can substitute the values into the DDM formula to find the cost of equity for the Pear Company.
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one recent financial statements for Smotra Golf Corporation follow 3030 Avvets Cutet esets $24.076 524400 12748 15.500 25342 27,400 $62566 $67300 Cash Accounts receivable inventory Fixed s R D с F A SMOURA GOLF CORPORATION 2020 and 2021 Balance Sheets Liabities and Owners Eoty 2021 Curent les Accounts payable Notes payable Other Long-term de Owne ty Common stock and ped in surus Accumsed retained eng 22 n "0.0 T G H J B N 1 O Help See & Ex 2020 $23484 522400 11.000 11871 1300 $48.355 $56.000 172000 $58 145000 $45.000 224906 243 IM CPR LEGE
Smotra Golf Corporation is a corporation that develops, produces, and sells golf equipment. The financial statements of the corporation are loaded with content which follows a certain structure.
The structure of one of the recent financial statements for Smotra Golf Corporation is provided below:
SMOTRA GOLF CORPORATION 2020 and 2021 Balance SheetsLiabilities and Owner's Equity2021
Current liabilities:Accounts payable: $22,484Notes payable: $524,400Other: $11,000
Total current liabilities: $557,884
Long-term debt: $172,000
Owners' equity:Common stock and paid-in surplus: $58,145,000
Accumulated retained earnings: $45,000
Total liabilities and owner's equity: $243,029Fixed assets: $118,710
Research and development costs: $1,300Cash: $24,076
Accounts receivable: $524,400
Inventory: $15,500
Total current assets: $564,976
The financial statements for Smotra Golf Corporation include the terms "common stock". Common stock is the most basic form of ownership in a corporation. It represents the ownership of a portion of a company's assets and earnings. The holders of common stock have voting rights in a company and are entitled to a portion of the company's profits through dividends.
The common stock and paid-in surplus amount for Smotra Golf Corporation in the year 2021 is $58,145,000. This value represents the total amount invested by shareholders in the company's common stock.
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what is the primary reason why social media marketing efforts fail?
The primary reason why social media marketing efforts fail can vary depending on various factors, but some common reasons include:
Lack of clear goals and strategy: Without a well-defined marketing strategy and clear goals, it becomes difficult to measure the success of social media marketing efforts. Without a roadmap, businesses may struggle to engage their target audience effectively and fail to achieve desired results.
Inconsistent or poor content: Content plays a crucial role in social media marketing. If the content shared is irrelevant, uninteresting, or of poor quality, it fails to capture the attention of the audience. Consistency in posting valuable and engaging content is vital for maintaining the interest and trust of followers.
Ineffective targeting and audience understanding: Understanding the target audience is essential for effective social media marketing. Failing to identify and target the right audience can result in reaching the wrong people or failing to engage with the intended audience effectively. Lack of audience research and insights can lead to wasted resources and poor campaign performance.
Lack of engagement and interaction: Social media is meant to be a two-way communication channel. Failing to actively engage with followers, respond to comments, and interact with the audience can make the marketing efforts appear one-sided and impersonal. Building relationships and fostering engagement is crucial for social media marketing success.
Insufficient investment and resources: Social media marketing requires time, effort, and resources to be successful. Insufficient investment in terms of budget, manpower, or tools can limit the reach and impact of marketing efforts. It is important to allocate appropriate resources and continuously monitor and optimize campaigns for better results.
Ignoring analytics and data: Social media platforms provide valuable analytics and data insights that can help track the performance of marketing efforts. Failing to analyze and leverage this data can hinder the ability to make informed decisions and improve campaign effectiveness.
Overall, social media marketing efforts can fail due to a combination of factors, but having a well-defined strategy, understanding the audience, delivering valuable content, and actively engaging with followers are key elements for success in this digital landscape.
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Exercise 2-4 Computing Total Job Costs and Unit Product Costs Using Multiple Predetermined Overhead Rates [LO2-4] Fickel Company has two manufacturing departments-Assembly and Testing & Packaging. The predetermined overhead rates in Assembly and Testing & Packaging are $16.00 per direct labor-hour and $12.00 per direct labor-hour, respectively. The company's direct labor wage rate is $20.00 per hour. The following information pertains to Job N-60: Assembiy $ 340 $ 180 Testing& Packaging $ 25 $ 40 Direct materials Direct labor ces Required: 1. What is the total manufacturing cost assigned to Job N-60? 2. If Job N-60 consists of 10 units, what is the unit product cost for this job? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) 1. Total manufacturing cost 2. Unit product cost per unit
Unit product cost= Total manufacturing cost ÷ Number of units= $1,640 ÷ 10 units= $164 per unit The unit product cost for Job N-60 is $164 per unit.
1. Total manufacturing cost assigned to Job N-60The total manufacturing cost assigned to Job N-60 is calculated by adding the direct materials, direct labor, and the applied overhead. Assembly Testing & Packaging Direct materials$ 340$ 180Direct labor$ 500 (25 × $20.00)$ 800 (40 × $20.00)Overhead applied(16 × 10 direct labor-hours)(12 × 20 direct labor-hours) .
Total manufacturing cost$ 660$ 980The total manufacturing cost assigned to Job N-60 is $1,640.2. Unit product cost per unit If Job N-60 consists of 10 units, the unit product cost for this job is obtained by dividing the total manufacturing cost by the number of units produced.
Unit product cost= Total manufacturing cost ÷ Number of units= $1,640 ÷ 10 units= $164 per unit The unit product cost for Job N-60 is $164 per unit.
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Target Profit Trailblazer Company sells a product for $170 per unit. The variable cost is $80 per unit, and fixed costs are $405,000. Determine (a) the break-even point in sales units and (b) the sale
To calculate the break-even point in sales units, we need to find the number of units that need to be sold in order to cover the fixed costs. (a) The break-even point in sales units can be calculated by dividing the fixed costs by the contribution margin per unit.
Selling price per unit: $170 Variable cost per unit: $80 Fixed costs: $405,000 Contribution margin per unit = Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit Contribution margin per unit = $170 - $80 = $90 Break-even point in sales units = Fixed costs / Contribution margin per unit Break-even point in sales units = $405,000 / $90 Break-even point in sales units = 4,500 units Therefore, the break-even point in sales units for Trailblazer Company is 4,500 units. (b) To determine the sales revenue needed to achieve a target profit, we need to consider both the fixed costs and the desired profit amount. Target profit = Fixed costs + Desired profit Target profit = $405,000 + Desired profit Contribution margin ratio = Contribution margin per unit / Selling price per unit Contribution margin ratio = $90 / $170 Sales revenue = (Fixed costs + Target profit) / Contribution margin ratio Sales revenue = ($405,000 + Desired profit) / (90/170)
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