Rapid-hardening cement is a type of cement that solidifies quickly and has high strength gain at an early age. This is due to the smaller proportions of lime grounded finer than standard cement. The excess percentage of gypsum in this cement is decreased.
Portland cement is a kind of hydraulic cement that is made from limestone, clay, and other minerals that have been blended, crushed, and ground into a fine powder that hardens when combined with water. Its name derives from the fact that it resembles the gray limestone found in Portland, England. Rapid hardening cement and its proportion Rapid-hardening cement is made up of a small proportion of lime ground finer than standard cement. This cement's strength is increased by a reduction in the excess percentage of gypsum. When compared to other cement types, the fineness of cement particles determines the cement's hydration rate.
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Write 2 paragraphs around 400 words each for, What are the differences between "immoral", "moral", and "amoral"? Gives examples. The paragraphs should be what is immoral and moral and the differences and the pther paragraph what is amoral and how is immoral/moral different from amoral.
The concepts of what is considered moral and immoral vary greatly across different societies and cultures. Generally, morality is thought to refer to what is socially acceptable behavior that benefits individuals, societies, the environment, etc.
Immoral behavior is considered to be that which is unethical, dangerous, and typically not accepted by any group of people. Examples of immoral behavior include murder, theft, animal cruelty, and lying. Moral behavior, on the other hand, is considered to comply with the accepted norms of society and is typically thought of as positive and beneficial for everyone involved.
Examples of moral behavior include respecting the privacy of others, keeping promises, obeying traffic laws, truthfulness, and treating animals with kindness and respect. While there is some overlap between what is considered moral and immoral, also it is important to note that what is considered moral can change over time as social norms shifts over the course of time.
The concept of being amoral is quite different from both moral and immoral. Amoral generally refers to a behavior or attitude that lacks moral perspective and is not guided by any ethical considerations.
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1. What was the reaction of most Americans to the outbreak of World War I in Europe?
A, The U.S. sought to develop stronger ties with Germany
B. There was very little reaction in the U.S.
C. To ensure that the United States would not become involved
D. There was an overwhelming push to declare war on Germany
2. What was President Wilson trying to accomplish with the Fourteen Points?
Was he successful? Explain.
3. The United States never ratified The Versailles Treaty because
A. The House of Representatives was opposed to it
B. The Senate believed the war should continue
C. The Senate supported U.S. membership in the League of Nations
D. Republican leaders opposed provisions related to the League of Nations
4.Which action kept the United States from joining the League of Nations?
A. Veto by President Wilson
B. opposition in the Senate
C. Massive public protests
D. Continued revisions of the treaty
5. In World War I, African Americans were primarily
A. subjected to little discrimination at home
B. refusing to participate in the war effort
C. participating in non-violent protest
D. treated with respect in Europe
6. Wilson's main objective at Versailles was to
A. Punish Germany for having started the war
B. Secure peace in the western hemisphere
C. Prevent future wars through the establishment of an international organization
D. Reconstruct war-torn Europe
1. Most Americans reacted to the outbreak of World War I in Europe by seeking to ensure that the United States would not become involved.
2. President Wilson's main objective with the Fourteen Points was to secure peace and prevent future wars through the establishment of an international organization. Whether he was successful is a matter of debate and interpretation.
3. The United States never ratified the Versailles Treaty because Republican leaders opposed provisions related to the League of Nations.
1. The outbreak of World War I in Europe triggered a cautious response from most Americans. The United States had a policy of neutrality and sought to avoid entanglement in the conflict. There was a sentiment among the majority of Americans to ensure that the United States would not become involved in the war. This was fueled by a desire to avoid the devastating impact of the war and its consequences.
2. President Wilson's Fourteen Points were a set of principles outlined to guide the post-war peace negotiations and promote lasting peace. The objectives of the Fourteen Points included self-determination for nations, reduction of armaments, open diplomacy, and the establishment of the League of Nations. While Wilson's vision for a more just and stable world order resonated with many, the ultimate success of the Fourteen Points is debated. Some argue that they laid the groundwork for future peace efforts and influenced the creation of international institutions. Others point to the limitations and compromises made during the peace negotiations, particularly with the signing of the Versailles Treaty, which led to unresolved tensions and contributed to future conflicts.
3. The United States did not ratify the Versailles Treaty primarily because Republican leaders opposed provisions related to the League of Nations. Many Republicans were skeptical of the League's potential impact on U.S. sovereignty and believed it could lead to entanglement in future conflicts. Additionally, there were concerns about the treaty's perceived harsh treatment of Germany and its potential economic consequences for the United States. As a result, the U.S. Senate rejected the treaty, and the United States never officially joined the League of Nations.
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Write a brief paper ( 1-2 pages) explaining the usage of SAP in
procurement processes.
SAP is a powerful tool used in procurement processes to streamline operations and enhance efficiency.
SAP, or Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing, is a widely used enterprise resource planning (ERP) software solution that plays a crucial role in procurement processes. It offers a comprehensive suite of modules and functionalities designed to optimize and automate various procurement activities, such as sourcing, purchasing, and supplier management. SAP enables organizations to streamline their procurement operations, improve collaboration with suppliers, and achieve greater cost savings.
One of the key benefits of using SAP in procurement is the centralization of data and processes. By leveraging SAP's integrated platform, organizations can consolidate procurement-related information, such as supplier details, contracts, purchase orders, and invoices, into a single system. This central repository of data enables better visibility and control over procurement activities, facilitating informed decision-making and reducing the risk of errors or redundancies.
Furthermore, SAP's procurement modules offer robust features to support strategic sourcing initiatives. Organizations can utilize tools like supplier evaluation and performance management to assess supplier capabilities, negotiate favorable terms, and monitor supplier performance. Additionally, SAP's integration with external supplier networks and catalog management systems simplifies the procurement process by enabling electronic procurement, catalog-based purchasing, and seamless connectivity with suppliers.
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Susan, CA, a practicing chartered accountant has been appointed as an internal auditor of Syarikat Maju Berhad. She conducted the physical verification of the inventory at the year-end and handed over the report of such verification to Muaz, CA, the statutory auditor of the Company, for his view and reporting Can Muaz CA, rely on such report?
(10 marks)
Yes, Muaz CA can rely on the report handed over to him by Susan, CA, as she is a practicing chartered accountant. Further explanation is provided below. Internal Auditor and Statutory Auditor An internal auditor is an independent professional or an employee who performs audits within an organization. They provide a comprehensive, structured, and unbiased assessment of the organization's internal controls, policies, and procedures.
A statutory auditor, on the other hand, is an external auditor appointed by the shareholders of a company to provide an independent opinion on the company's financial statements. The purpose of appointing a statutory auditor is to provide assurance to the shareholders and stakeholders that the financial statements of the company are accurate and in accordance with the relevant accounting standards.
Internal auditor's report and statutory auditor's report A report issued by the internal auditor is used by management to identify any weaknesses in the company's internal controls and to improve them. An internal auditor's report is for internal use only and is not shared with external parties. However, in some cases, the report may be provided to the statutory auditor for his or her view and reporting. The statutory auditor can rely on the work of the internal auditor if the internal auditor is competent and objective, and the work performed by the internal auditor is relevant to the audit of the financial statements of the company.ConclusionIn this case, Susan, CA, a practicing chartered accountant, has been appointed as an internal auditor of Syarikat Maju Berhad.
She conducted the physical verification of the inventory at the year-end and handed over the report of such verification to Muaz, CA, the statutory auditor of the Company, for his view and reporting. As Susan is a practicing chartered accountant, Muaz CA can rely on the report handed over to him by Susan, CA. Therefore, Muaz CA can use Susan's report in his audit of the financial statements of the Company.
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Which of the following men opposed communism first by refusing to accept the constant lying required to live under a communist regime?
Group of answer choices
Konrad Adenauer
Francois Mitterand
Wojciech Jaruzelski
Vaclav Havel
The man who opposed communism first by refusing to accept the constant lying required to live under a communist regime is Vaclav Havel.
Vaclav Havel, the Czech playwright and political dissident, was a prominent figure in the opposition against communism. Havel firmly stood against the oppressive nature of the communist regime and refused to conform to the constant lying and deception that was expected under such a system.
As an advocate for human rights and freedom of expression, Havel openly challenged the propaganda and manipulation that characterized the communist government.
Born in 1936, Havel experienced firsthand the realities of living under communist rule in Czechoslovakia. His plays, essays, and speeches reflected his profound belief in the power of truth and the importance of personal integrity. Havel's refusal to accept the falsehoods and hypocrisy of the regime made him a symbol of resistance and a champion of truth in the face of oppression.
Havel's dissent against communism culminated in his role as a leader in the Velvet Revolution of 1989, which led to the overthrow of the communist government in Czechoslovakia. Following the revolution, Havel became the country's first democratically elected president.
Throughout his presidency and beyond, Havel continued to advocate for human rights and democracy, leaving a lasting legacy as a fearless opponent of communism.
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: In an engineering team in a company that makes fusst stage jet engine blades there is a discussion to replace eddy current testing (ET) with either MT or PT to save cost for manutacturing the first stage blade of a jet engine. The material of the blade is ferromagnetic. coniductive and time to perform a test is not a concern. Aso note that the first stage blades experience the maximum temperature in a jet engine and huge centrifugal force (stresses) and must have the maximum quality possible. This is just an internal discussion and from reliability point of view and as an enginecr please discuss Is it a good idea at all to replace it? Which method (PT or MT) can replace the E1? Why?
The eddy current testing (ET) method is usually used for the inspection of conductive materials. The internal discussion in an engineering team in a company that makes the first-stage jet engine blades, which experience the maximum temperature in a jet engine and huge centrifugal force stresses and must have maximum quality possible, is to replace eddy current testing (ET) with either MT or PT to save cost for manufacturing the first stage blade of a jet engine.
The material of the blade is ferromagnetic, conductive, and time to perform a test is not a concern. From a reliability point of view, it is not a good idea to replace the eddy current testing (ET) method as it is a reliable method for inspecting jet engine blades that are subject to high-stress conditions.
The eddy current testing (ET) method can detect near-surface flaws, cracks, and other material discontinuities and can inspect the blades without the need to remove any coatings. Therefore, the eddy current testing (ET) method is the best-suited method to replace the ET method.
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A circular highway curve has the following design elements: | = 65°32'17" . D = 3°52'00" • Pl station = 36 + 45.00 • Pl coordinates: N = 10,000.00 ft. E = 15,000.00 ft. • Bearing of the radial line from the BC to the center of the circle: S 32°46'08" E • This is a typical curve. The BC is on the left, stations increase to the right, and the radial lines are perpendicular to the tangents. Distance units are feet. What is the easting of the BC? 14197.97 O 14483.74 15516.26 15802.03
D = 3°52'00" • Pl station = 36 + 45.00 • Pl coordinates: N = 10,000.00 ft. E = 15,000.00 A circular highway curve has the following design elements: | = 65°32'17" . D = 3°52'00" we need to use Torro system and perform some calculations. Pl coordinates: N = 10,000.00 ft, E = 15,000.00 ft. Bearing of the radial line from the BC to the center of the circle: S 32°46'08" E.
To find the easting of the BC, we'll use the following steps Convert the given bearing from degrees, minutes, and seconds to decimal degrees. Calculate the central angle of the circular curve. The central angle (θ) of a circular curve can be calculated using the formula:
θ = | - |.
Given:
| = 65°32'17" (outer angle).
D = 3°52'00" (deflection angle).
θ = | - | = 65°32'17" - 3°52'00".
Converting the angles to decimal degrees:
| = 65.5381 degrees.
D = 3.8667 degrees.
θ = | - | = 65.5381 - 3.8667 = 61.6714 degrees.
R = (PL station) / (2 * sin(θ / 2)).
PL station = 36 + 45.00.
Converting the station to feet:
PL station = 36 + 45.00 = 36.75.
Calculating R:
R = (36.75) / (2 * sin(61.6714 / 2)).
∆E = R * cos(|).
∆E = R * cos(32.7689 degrees).
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Identify the processing required for each of the waste types. This must include C&I, C&D and the segregated wastes within MSW. Q.2 Design a processing center. Q.3 Identify the resources that can be recovered annually.
Q.1: Processing Required for Each Waste Type:
C&I Waste (Commercial and Industrial Waste):
Sorting and Segregation: Separate recyclable materials from non-recyclable waste.
Recycling: Process recyclable materials into new products.
Waste-to-Energy: Convert non-recyclable waste into energy through incineration or gasification.
C&D Waste (Construction and Demolition Waste):
Sorting and Segregation: Separate recyclable materials like concrete, wood, metals, and bricks from mixed waste.
Recycling: Process recyclable materials into new construction products.
Landfilling: Dispose of non-recyclable waste in a landfill, minimizing it as much as possible.
Segregated Wastes within MSW (Municipal Solid Waste):
Organic Waste: Composting or anaerobic digestion to produce compost or biogas.
Paper and Cardboard: Recycling through sorting, pulping, and reprocessing.
Plastics: Sorting, cleaning, and reprocessing into recycled plastic materials.
Glass: Sorting, crushing, and melting to create new glass products.
Metals: Sorting, melting, and processing into new metal products.
Q.2: Designing a Processing Center:
A processing center could include:
Material Recovery Facility (MRF) for sorting and recovering recyclable materials.
Composting facility for processing organic waste into compost.
Recycling facilities for specific materials (paper, plastics, glass, metals).
Anaerobic digestion plant for converting organic waste into biogas.
Waste-to-Energy plant for generating energy from non-recyclable waste.
Landfill area for disposing of non-recyclable and non-recoverable waste.
Q.3: Resources Recovered Annually:
The resources that can be recovered annually depend on the waste management infrastructure. Potential resources include:
Recyclable Materials: Paper, plastics, glass, metals, etc., recovered and processed into new products.
Compost: Organic waste converted into nutrient-rich compost for soil enhancement.
Biogas: Produced from anaerobic digestion of organic waste, used for energy generation.
Energy: Waste-to-Energy plants convert non-recyclable waste into electricity or heat.
Landfill Gas: Methane gas captured from landfills for energy production.
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100 Points Major Construction Company has kept records of its past construction projects. Their records show the following information: Job 1: Asphalt Concrete Paving Quantity = 800 tons in 3 days Job
The answer to this problem can be found using the given information. So, the answer to this problem is as follows:Job 1: Asphalt Concrete PavingQuantity = 800 tons in 3 days.Conversion factor = 1.8 tonnes per cubic yardThere is no mention of the area to be paved in the problem statement. Therefore, we cannot calculate the paving thickness using the given information.
Paving thickness is the depth of asphalt or concrete applied to the sub-base of the road during the paving process. It is calculated as follows:Depth = Volume/AreaThe paving thickness calculation requires us to know the area to be paved. Then only we can find the total volume of asphalt or concrete required for the paving job. From the given information, we know that 800 tons of asphalt was required for the Job 1.
We also know the paving was done in three days. However, we cannot use this information to calculate the thickness of the pavement. Therefore, we cannot find the thickness of the asphalt concrete paving using the given information.
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1) Determine the shear and moment as a function of x, and then draw the shear and moment diagrams. A X -15 ft 200 lb/ft
We must determine the shear and moment as a function of x, then draw the shear and moment diagrams. Shear and moment as a function of x: The shear at point X is given by the region's area from the starting point to that point X under the load curve. The moment at end X is provided by the region's location from the starting point to that point X under the shear angle.
Using the above formulas, we can easily find the shear and moment as a function of X. Here, the shear diagram can be obtained by finding the area of the load diagram from x = 0 to that point, and the moment diagram can be obtained by finding the size of the shear chart from x = 0 to that point. Now, let's draw the load diagram. The load is 200 lb/ft, and its length is 15 ft. Therefore, the magnitude of the bag is 200*15 = 3000 lb. Since the bag is acting downwards, it should be represented by a negative sign. Therefore, the load diagram is as shown below: Shear Diagram: To find the shear chart, we need to find the area of the load diagram from the starting point to that point X. When X = 0, the site is zero. When X = 5 ft, the site is -15000 lb-ft. When X = 10 ft, the area is -30000 lb-ft. When X = 15 ft, the area is -45000 lb-ft. Therefore, the shear diagram is as shown below: Moment Diagram: To find the moment diagram, we need to find the size of the shear diagram from the starting point to that point X. When X = 0, the moment is zero. When X = 5 ft, the moment is -15000X lb-ft. When X = 10 ft, the moment is -30000X lb-ft. When X = 15 ft, the moment is -45000X lb-ft. Therefore, the moment diagram is shown below:
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CASE STUDY
The Sands of Time are Running Out
Jenny is a student at a private college. She also works part-time at a clothing retail store to
fund her studies.
The retail store needs Jenny to promote sales in view of the Hari Raya festival, thus Jenny has
been working extra hours at her part-time job. Jenny, on the other hand, needs the extra
money from the job to pay for her upcoming semester’s tuition fees and to fix her car so that
she can drive home for the long semester holidays. The pending holidays also means the end
of her current semester and, unfortunately, the start of final examinations. Jenny simply does
not have the time to do both, i.e. study for all her final examination papers and work the
additional hours that she needs.
Jenny has to sacrifice something and decides to pretend being sick on the day of her Business
Management final examination paper, so that she can take the make-up examination the
follow week. This will give her more time to study.
She also knows that it will not be hard to get a medical certificate (MC) from the busy college
health clinic. Her friend, Dennis, works at the clinic and will be able to provide her with a
sheet of the clinic’s letterhead stationery.
"Even if I have to lie, it’s fair that I get extra time to study," Jenny convinces herself,
"because I have to work; I can’t study all the time like students who have their parents to pay
for everything."
Jenny is considering pretending to be sick to obtain a medical certificate and gain more time to study, but this action involves ethical concerns and potential consequences.
Jenny's situation presents a dilemma between her academic responsibilities and financial needs. However, her decision to fabricate an illness to gain extra study time raises ethical concerns and potential consequences.
Firstly, by pretending to be sick and obtaining a medical certificate dishonestly, Jenny would be engaging in academic dishonesty. This behavior undermines the integrity of the educational system and devalues the efforts of honest students. It is essential to uphold academic integrity and fairness by adhering to ethical principles and abiding by the rules and regulations set by educational institutions.
Secondly, Jenny's actions could have serious consequences if discovered. If the college were to uncover her deception, she might face disciplinary action, such as academic penalties or even expulsion. This would not only jeopardize her current academic standing but also impact her future educational and career prospects. Additionally, her friendship with Dennis could also be strained if he were to be implicated in her deceitful plan.
Rather than resorting to dishonesty, Jenny could consider alternative solutions to manage her time effectively. She could communicate with her employer about her academic commitments and negotiate a more manageable work schedule. Exploring other sources of financial assistance, such as scholarships or part-time job opportunities with more flexible hours, may also alleviate her financial concerns.
In conclusion, while Jenny's desire for more study time is understandable, fabricating an illness and obtaining a medical certificate through deception is not a justifiable solution. It is important for Jenny to consider the ethical implications and potential consequences of her actions and explore alternative approaches to balance her academic and financial needs.
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What is the tolerance assuming the third order surveying when the closed loop distance is 1821 ft? a) 2.13 ft b) 1.68 ft O c) 0.23 ft d) None of the given answers O e) 0.29 ft Of) 0.03 ft g) 0.02 ft
The tolerance when the closed-loop distance is 1821 ft in third-order surveying is 0.23 ft. Therefore, option c) 0.23 ft is the correct answer.
Third order surveying is also known as a Class III survey, which means a highly precise survey of engineering works, construction projects, or property boundaries with significant horizontal and vertical control.
However, we can calculate the tolerance by using the following formula: Tolerance = K√(L)where K is the constant value and L is the length of the line measured .Let's plug the values of K and L into the formula: Tolerance = 0.01 x √1821Tolerance ≈ 0.23 ft Hence, the tolerance assuming third-order surveying when the closed-loop distance is 1821 ft is 0.23 ft.
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You have to select a particle control device for the following scenario: • Particle removal of 99+% must be achieved. • Adequate space is available to accommodate any device. • The gas stream is relatively dry, averaging 20% relative humidity. • The particle resistivity is unknown. • Moderate pressure drop can be accommodated, but high pressure drop is not wanted. Which would be the preferred air pollution control device for this situation - electrostatic precipitator or fabric filter? Explain your rationale
The preferred air pollution control device for this situation is a fabric filter. The rationale behind this is Particle removal of 99+% must be achieved: Both electrostatic precipitators and fabric filters can achieve particle removal efficiency of 99% or higher.
Adequate space is available to accommodate any device: Both devices are available in different sizes and can be custom designed to suit the available space. The gas stream is relatively dry, averaging 20% relative humidity: Electrostatic precipitators work best with high moisture levels, while fabric filters are not affected by moisture levels.
The resistivity of particles can cause problems with electrostatic precipitators as it can reduce the efficiency of the device. Fabric filters are not affected by resistivity levels. Moderate pressure drop can be accommodated, but high pressure drop is not wanted. Fabric filters have a lower pressure drop compared to electrostatic precipitators which makes them a preferred option in this scenario.
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Written communication is very important in the business world, and the best way to hone one’s written business communication skills is by practicing. This assignment gives students the opportunity to show their written communication skills in the creation of an informal, analytical report style business document while also showing that they are able to analyze and evaluate business communication issues and recommend solutions. This assessment will be used to assess student learning of SLO4: At least 70% of students will be able to identify cultural, social, and ethical issues that impact business communication at least 70% of the time. Instructions: For this assignment you will create an informal, analytical report that 1. discusses at least 5 examples of how cultural, ethical, or social issues have impacted business communication in the past and 2. includes suggestions for how each of the 5 examples could be fixed or overcome. Your examples can come from a variety of sources including news articles, personal experience, experience of friends/family members, or examples included in textbooks (for this or other classes). Within the report you need to provide an analysis of the situation that discusses what happened and why it happened as well as your suggestion for how to keep the issue from happening again. If your example is from a text or the Internet make sure to include a link to the source or include it in an appropriately formatted References page
In the business world, written communication is crucial, and the best way to improve one's written business communication skills is by practice. This assignment provides students with the opportunity to display their written communication skills in the creation of an informal, analytical report style business document while also showing that they can examine and assess business communication problems and offer solutions.
The goal of this evaluation is to assess student learning of SLO4: At least 70% of students can recognize cultural, social, and ethical issues that impact business communication at least 70% of the time. The report should include a discussion of at least five cases where cultural, ethical, or social issues have influenced business communication in the past, as well as suggestions for how each of the five examples can be repaired or overcome. The examples can come from various sources, including news articles, personal experiences, experiences of friends or family members, or examples from textbooks (for this or other classes).
Within the report, an analysis of the situation should be included, discussing what happened and why it happened, as well as suggestions for how to prevent the problem from recurring. If the example is from a text or the Internet, be sure to include a link to the source or include it in a properly formatted References page.The following are the examples of how cultural, ethical, or social issues have impacted business communication in the past:Ethical Issues: A lack of ethics and values in the workplace has been a serious issue for businesses. Ethical issues arise when companies focus solely on profits and disregard the well-being of their employees, customers, or suppliers.
Businesses may deal with these concerns by adopting a more ethical approach, providing ethics training to their employees, and establishing an ethics hotline for reporting misconduct. Cultural Issues: Businesses can experience cultural problems when they operate in different countries. Employees may be unfamiliar with the culture, customs, and language of the nation in which they are working, which may lead to misunderstandings and poor communication.
Companies should provide language and cultural instruction to their employees, or partner with a local organization to provide assistance. Social Issues: Social problems can arise in the workplace when employees engage in inappropriate behavior. Examples of this may include sexual harassment, bullying, or other kinds of discriminatory conduct. The company should develop a strict code of conduct and provide training on appropriate workplace behavior to deal with these problems.
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Study the influence of k and EI on the track responses such as rail deflection, bending moment and rail seat load for a two-axel bogie, wheel base distance 2,0 m, for the same axle load Q i. Study the effect of increasing the track modulus (k) on bending moment, rail deflection and rail seat load for the two axle load. (k, 2k, 4k, etc) ii. Study the effect of increasing the rail bending stiffness (EI) on bending moment, rail deflection and rail seat load for the two axle load. (EI, 2EI, 4EI).
The rail deflection, bending moment, and rail seat load are influenced by the track responses. The effect is as: Bending moment reduces. Rail deflection is reduced. Rail seat load reduces.
To study the effect of k and EI on the track responses, such as rail deflection, bending moment, and rail seat load for a two-axle bogie, we use the following information. The wheelbase distance is 2.0 m, and the same axle load is Qi. Effect of increasing the track modulus (k) on bending moment, rail deflection and rail seat load for the two axle load
When we increase the track modulus (k), bending moment and rail deflection decrease. Rail seat load increases when track modulus (k) is increased. Thus, when track modulus (k) is increased to 2k, 4k, and so on, the effect is as follows:Bending moment reduces. Rail deflection is reduced. Rail seat load increases. Effect of increasing the rail bending stiffness (EI) on bending moment, rail deflection and rail seat load for the two axle load
The rail deflection, bending moment, and rail seat load are influenced by an increase in the rail bending stiffness (EI). When the rail bending stiffness (EI) is increased, the bending moment reduces and the rail deflection reduces. When the rail bending stiffness (EI) is increased to 2EI, 4EI, and so on, the effect is as follows: Bending moment reduces. Rail deflection is reduced. Rail seat load reduces.
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A N 450 E back tangent line intersects a S 850E forward tangent line at point "PI." The BC and the EC are located at stations 25+00, and 31+00. respectively. a) What is the stationing of the PI? (10 pts) b) What is the deflection angle to station 26+00? (10 pts) c) What is the chord distance to station 26+00 from BC? (10 pts) d) What is the bearing from BC to Radius Point? (10 pts) e) What is the bearing of the long chord from BC to EC? (10 pts) 2- A N 450 * E back tangent line intersects a S 850 * E forward tangent line at point "PI." The BC and the EC are located at stations 25+00, and 31+00. respectively. a) What is the stationing of the PI? (10 pts) b) What is the deflection angle to station 26+00? (10 pts) c) What is the chord distance to station 26+00 from BC? (10 pts) d) What is the bearing from BC to Radius Point? (10 pts) e) What is the bearing of the long chord from BC to EC?
Given the intersection of a N 450 E back tangent line and a S 850 E forward tangent line at point "PI," and the locations of BC and EC at stations 25+00 and 31+00, respectively, we can determine various measurements. The stationing of point PI, the deflection angle to station 26+00, the chord distance to station 26+00 from BC, the bearing from BC to the Radius Point, and the bearing of the long chord from BC to EC can all be calculated.
a) To determine the stationing of point PI, we subtract the station of BC (25+00) from the station of EC (31+00). The resulting difference gives us the stationing of point PI.
b) The deflection angle to station 26+00 can be calculated using the formula: deflection angle = (chord distance / radius) * (180 / π). By subtracting the station of BC from the given station (26+00), we obtain the chord distance. The radius can be determined based on the given tangents and the intersection angle.
c) The chord distance to station 26+00 from BC is obtained by subtracting the station of BC (25+00) from the given station (26+00).
d) The bearing from BC to the Radius Point can be determined by taking the bearing of the back tangent line (N 450 E) and adding the intersection angle at point PI.
e) The bearing of the long chord from BC to EC can be calculated by taking the bearing of the back tangent line (N 450 E) and adding 90 degrees.
By applying the appropriate calculations and substituting the given values, the stationing of PI, deflection angle, chord distance, and bearings can be obtained for the provided problem.
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Let's go for a walk,............. a. will we? b. shan't we? c. shall we?
Answer: C. Shall we
Explanation:
Hamy's Fish Fry orders cooking oil every 10 days. Lead time is six days. Suppose that usage of cooking oil at Harry's Fish Fry is normally distributed with an average of 15 gallons/day and a standard deviation of two gallons/day. Check of stock reviewed that 20 jars of 10 gallons are on hand. Harry has just fired the manager and taken over operating the restaurant himself. Harry has asked you to help him decide how to reorder cooking oil in order to achieve a service level 95%. How many jars of cooking oil should be ordered?
The standard deviation of demand is σ = 2 gallons per day. The mean demand is µ = 15 gallons per day.
The lead time is L = 6 days. The review period is RP = 10 days. The service level desired is 95%.Harry should reorder 16 jars of cooking oil. First, you need to compute the safety stock that is required to achieve the service level.
Safety stock is given by: Safety stock = z × σ × sqrt(L + RP)Where z is the number of standard deviations from the mean that covers the service level. At a service level of 95%, z is equal to 1.64.
Substituting the given values gives: Safety stock = 1.64 × 2 × sqrt(6 + 10) = 7.064 gallons, which is equal to 1 jar of 10 gallons. Next, compute the reorder point.
Reorder point is given by: Reorder point = µ × (L + RP) + SS where SS is the safety stock. Substituting the values gives: Reorder point = 15 × (6 + 10) + 7.064 = 247.064 gallons. This is equivalent to 25 jars of 10 gallons.
However, 20 jars of 10 gallons are already in stock. Hence, Harry only needs to order 5 more jars of 10 gallons.
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There are several causes for rail vehicle derailment. Some of the causes are related with component failure. Discuss briefly two of the common derailment causes due to the combination of the lateral (Y) and vertical (Q) wheel rail contact forces.
b) A leading wheelset of train running with high speed in a tight curve has a large positive angle of attack which makes the wheel to negotiate the curve in under radial steering. This is most critical condition for flange climbing derailment. Nadal has proposed a criterion for limiting Y/Q. This criterion has been improved by Weinstock Criterion. Discuss shortly the differences between the two criteria.
c) A leading wheelset of a high speed train running in a tight curve has a large positive angle of attack which has a risk for climbing of the flanged contact wheel on a rail. Considering that the Y/Q limit is 0.8 and the coefficient of friction at the wheel-rail contact is 0.3, what is the critical flange angle of the wheel to protect the flanged wheel from climbing derailment? Use both Nadal’s and Weinstock’s criteria.
d) Prud’homme safety criterion is the empirical formula commonly used in Europe for limit values against derailment by track shifting. Considering a ballasted track with timber sleeper the coefficient K for the track resistance is 0.85. The wheelset is subjected to wind force of equal to 5 kN, and quasistatic forces due to cant deficiency. The axle load 2Q = 22.5 tonnes, the maximum cant deficiency allowed is hd = 100 mm and the track is a standard gauge 2b =1500 mm. The dynamic force is considered by a factor of the quasistatic force, and for this condition the DAF is assumed to be 2.5. Calculate the safety factor against derailment for the above particular case
Rail vehicle derailment can happen due to several reasons. Component failure is one of the major reasons that can cause a rail vehicle to derail.
Let's discuss two of the common derailment causes that are related to the combination of lateral (Y) and vertical (Q) wheel rail contact forces:
1) Lateral rail buckling: This occurs when a lateral force causes a rail to bend sideways beyond its elastic limit. In such a situation, the rail can no longer support the weight of the train, which can lead to derailment. This can happen due to various reasons such as high temperature, insufficient ballast support, excessive rail wear, and misalignment of track curvature.
2) Rail rollover: This happens when the force of lateral acceleration acting on the vehicle is higher than the friction force between the wheels and the rails. This can lead to the wheel climbing up the rail and derailing. This can occur due to excessive speed in a curve or a sharp turn.Both Nadal's and Weinstock's criteria are based on the Y/Q limit to avoid flange climbing derailment. Nadal proposed a criterion that limits Y/Q to 0.8. Weinstock improved the criterion by introducing a correction factor, which varies depending on the cant deficiency. This correction factor considers the dynamic effect of the flange forces, which can cause the derailment. The difference between the two criteria is that Nadal's criterion does not take into account the dynamic effect of flange forces, while Weinstock's criterion considers this effect.
Critical flange angle (θ) can be calculated using the following formula: θ = tan^-1(Y/Q)Given Y/Q limit of 0.8 and coefficient of friction (µ) of 0.3, we can calculate the critical flange angle using Nadal's and Weinstock's criteria.
Nadal's criterion: θ = tan^-1(0.8) = 38.66°Weinstock's criterion: θ = tan^-1(0.8/µ) = tan^-1(0.8/0.3) = 70.53°Prud'homme safety criterion is used in Europe for limit values against derailment by track shifting. The formula to calculate safety factor (SF) is: SF = Q / (K (b + daf) (1 + hd/b)) + Fw / Kwhere Q = axle load, K = track resistance coefficient, b = gauge, daf = dynamic amplification factor, hd = maximum cant deficiency allowed, Fw = wind force acting on the vehicle, and SF > 1 is considered safe.
Using the given values, we can calculate the safety factor as follows: SF = 22.5 / (0.85 (1500 + 2.5 * 100) (1 + 100/1500)) + 5 / 0.85 = 1.44Since SF is greater than 1, this indicates that the situation is safe.
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boundary layer forms over a flat surface. At a location sufficiently far downstream, the boundary layer will transition from laminar to turbulent. At this location, the shear stresses on the flat surface will.. Increase decrease 5
The shear stresses on the flat surface will increase when the boundary layer transitions from laminar to turbulent at a location sufficiently far downstream.
What is a boundary layer?The boundary layer refers to the flow region that is present in the immediate vicinity of the surface of an object when an object moves through a fluid. The boundary layer consists of thin layers of fluid that form near the object's surface. The boundary layer is separated into two types: laminar and turbulent.
Laminar boundary layer: This type of boundary layer is smooth and orderly, with fluid flowing parallel to the surface.
Turbulent boundary layer: This type of boundary layer is irregular and chaotic, with fluid flowing in a random manner. A flat surface's boundary layer will transition from laminar to turbulent at a location sufficiently far downstream. At this location, the shear stresses on the flat surface will increase.
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When the measured elevation of Point A is 255.48 ft and the error of closure is -0.05 ft, determined the corrected elevation of Point A when the cumulative distance to Point A is 1012.45 ft and the total loop distance is 1250.97 ft. a) 255.45 ft Ob) 255.44 ft c) None of the given answers d) 255.51 ft e) 255.52 ft
The corrected elevation of Point A is 255.45 ft (option a).
To determine the corrected elevation of Point A, we need to account for the error of closure and adjust the measured elevation. The corrected elevation can be calculated using the formula:
Corrected Elevation = Measured Elevation + (Error of Closure * (Cumulative Distance to Point A / Total Loop Distance))
Given that the measured elevation of Point A is 255.48 ft, the error of closure is -0.05 ft, the cumulative distance to Point A is 1012.45 ft, and the total loop distance is 1250.97 ft, we can substitute these values into the formula:
Corrected Elevation = 255.48 + (-0.05 * (1012.45 / 1250.97))
Calculating the expression, we get:
Corrected Elevation = 255.48 + (-0.05 * 0.809)
Corrected Elevation = 255.48 - 0.04045
Corrected Elevation = 255.43955
Rounding the value to two decimal places, the corrected elevation of Point A is 255.45 ft. Therefore, the correct answer is option a) 255.45 ft.
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Flow occurs over a spillway of constant section where depth of flow in the upstream is (1000+ x) mm, and depth of flow in the downstream is (50+x) mm, where x is the last two digits of your student ID. Calculate the resultant horizontal force (in Newton) on the spillway if the width of the spillway is 102 meter. Assume there is no head loss. Scan your A4 pages of solution and upload the scanned pages in vUWS as a single pdf file. Do not email it to the Lecturer/Tutor
Given data:Depth of flow in the upstream = (1000 + x) mmDepth of flow in the downstream = (50 + x) mmWidth of the spillway = 102 mFrictional head loss = 0 (Assuming)Here, x is the last two digits of the student ID.To determine the horizontal force (in Newton) on the spillway, use the following formula:Force (F) = γ × A × h_c × (C_d + C_o)
Where,γ = Specific weight of water = 9.81 kN/m³A = Cross-sectional area of the flowh_c = Distance of the centroid of the flow from the bottom of the spillway.C_d = Coefficient of dischargeC_o = Coefficient of contractionHere,As the given section is a constant section, the area of flow in the upstream and downstream will be equal.The cross-sectional area of flow = A = (1000 + x) × b and (50 + x) × b = (1000 + x) b = (50 + x) b∴ (1000 + x) b = (50 + x) b∴ b = 1.92 mSince the width of the spillway is 102 m, the length of the flow = 102 m.
Distance of the centroid of the flow from the bottom of the spillway = h_c = ((1000 + x) + (50 + x))/2 - 50= 475 + x/2 mmTo convert mm into meter, divide by 1000∴ h_c = (475 + x/2)/1000 mNow, substituting the given values in the above equation, we get: Force (F) = γ × A × h_c × (C_d + C_o)= 9.81 × 1.92 × (475 + x/2)/1000 × (1 + 0.6)= 14.40 × (475 + x/2) = 6840 + 7.2x N [Approximately]Therefore, the horizontal force (in Newton) on the spillway is 6840 + 7.2x N (Approximately).
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What are 2-4 Similarities between Canadian and International
Law?
Answer as soon as possible!
Upvote will be given
Canadian law has some similarities with international law. These similarities are discussed below: Similarities between Canadian and International. Sovereignty: In both Canadian and international law, the sovereignty of states is respected. International law is a body of law that is based on the principle of state sovereignty.
Canada is a sovereign nation that is responsible for creating and enforcing its own laws. Human Rights: Both Canadian and international law recognize and protect human rights. Canada has signed and ratified numerous international human rights treaties, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.3. Criminal Law: Both Canadian and international law have criminal codes that set out offenses and their penalties. In both systems, the burden of proof is on the prosecution to prove the guilt of the accused beyond a reasonable doubt.
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: Please consider a research topic in the broader area of water engineering and management, write a concise problem statement, formulate rationale and specific objectives, and write down the scope of the study
Problem: Determining potential strategies to improve water conservation techniques in agricultural production.
Rationale: Water shortage is one of the most pressing environmental issues and is, in many cases, threatening agricultural production. It is important to investigate potential strategies to optimize water usage in agricultural production, to counteract environmental degradation and secure a sufficient food supply.
Objectives: The objectives of this research study are to 1) Investigate current water conservation techniques in agricultural production, 2) Identify opportunities to improve the effectiveness of water conservation techniques, and 3) Suggest potential strategies and methods to maximize water conservations in agricultural production.
Scope: This research will focus on techniques and strategies to optimize water usage in agricultural production processes. It will analyze existing water conservation models and technologies used in agricultural production, and assess the efficiency of water conservation techniques in the context of agricultural production.
The study will include a survey of literature on relevant topics, such as water scarcity and water conservation technology, as well as data from agricultural production processes. Furthermore, practical solutions and recommendations for effectively conserving water in agricultural production will be presented.
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Communalism is better than Individualism
The choice between communalism and individualism is subjective and depends on individual preferences and context. Both have their advantages and disadvantages and what works for one person or society may not work for another.
Communalism: Communalism refers to a social organization in which people are living in a communal system, sharing resources, responsibilities, and decision-making power. In communalism, individuals identify themselves as part of a larger community and work towards common goals. They share resources and responsibilities based on their abilities and needs.
Communalism emphasizes social responsibility and collective well-being over individual interests. Individualism: Individualism, on the other hand, is a social organization that emphasizes the importance of individual freedom and autonomy.
It is based on the idea that each individual is unique and has the right to pursue their interests and goals without interference from others. Individualism prioritizes personal achievement and success over collective goals and emphasizes personal responsibility and accountability for one's actions.
Individualism vs. Communalism: Communalism and individualism are two different social systems with different values and beliefs. Both have their advantages and disadvantages and which one is better depends on the situation and context. Some people prefer communalism because it fosters a sense of community, social responsibility, and collective well-being.
Others prefer individualism because it allows them to pursue their interests and goals without interference from others and promotes personal freedom and autonomy.
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In traffic engineering, define space mean speed, time mean
speed, and journey speed.
Space mean speed ( ¯ vs) is defined as the harmonic mean of speeds passing a point during a period of time. It also equals the average speeds over a length of roadway.
It includes the study of traffic flow, traffic signals, pedestrian crossings, and other related areas. Space mean speed, time mean speed, and journey speed are three important concepts in traffic engineering. Space mean speed refers to the average speed of all the vehicles that pass a point in a given period of time. This is often used to determine the level of congestion on a road or highway. It is calculated by dividing the total distance traveled by all vehicles by the total time taken by all vehicles.
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A space of length 10 meters, height 5, width 6 metres with 3 windows (length 1.5 m, height 2.5 meters)
20% of the window area is obstructed by bars/frames
transmittance of glazing = 0.9
maintenance factor = 0.8
reflectance values: floor 0.2, ceiling 0.7, walls 0.4 (doesn't include windows), window glazing 0.1
Calculate the daylight factor at 15 degrees angle to direct sunlight.
The daylight factor at a 15-degree angle to direct sunlight in this scenario is approximately 5.18%.
Length of the space (room): 10 meters
Height of the space (room): 5 meters
Width of the space (room): 6 meters
Number of windows: 3
Length of each window: 1.5 meters
Height of each window: 2.5 meters
Obstruction of window area: 20%
Transmittance of glazing: 0.9
Maintenance factor: 0.8
Reflectance values:
Floor: 0.2
Ceiling: 0.7
Walls (excluding windows): 0.4
Window glazing: 0.1
To calculate the daylight factor, we will follow these steps:
Calculate the unobstructed window area:
Window area = Number of windows × Length of each window × Height of each window
Window area = 3 × 1.5 meters × 2.5 meters
Window area = 11.25 square meters
Calculate the obstructed window area:
Obstructed window area = Window area × (1 - Obstruction percentage)
Obstructed window area = 11.25 square meters × (1 - 0.2)
Obstructed window area = 9 square meters
Calculate the room's surface area (excluding windows):
Surface area = (2 × Length × Height) + (2 × Width × Height) - Window area
Surface area = (2 × 10 meters × 5 meters) + (2 × 6 meters × 5 meters) - 11.25 square meters
Surface area = 89.75 square meters
Calculate the room's reflectance factor:
Reflectance factor = (Floor reflectance × Floor area) + (Ceiling reflectance × Ceiling area) + (Walls reflectance × Walls area)
Floor area = Length × Width
Floor area = 10 meters × 6 meters
Floor area = 60 square meters
Ceiling area = Length × Width
Ceiling area = 10 meters × 6 meters
Ceiling area = 60 square meters
Walls area = (2 × Length × Height) + (2 × Width × Height) - Window area
Walls area = 89.75 square meters
Reflectance factor = (0.2 × 60 square meters) + (0.7 × 60 square meters) + (0.4 × 89.75 square meters)
Reflectance factor = 72.9
Calculate the effective window area:
Effective window area = Obstructed window area × Transmittance
Effective window area = 9 square meters × 0.9
Effective window area = 8.1 square meters
Calculate the daylight factor:
Daylight factor = (Effective window area × Transmittance × Maintenance factor) / (Surface area + Reflectance factor × Effective window area)
Daylight factor = (8.1 square meters × 0.9 × 0.8) / (89.75 square meters + 72.9 × 8.1 square meters)
Daylight factor = 5.18%
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The continuous flow in a horizontal, frictionless rectangular open channel is subcritical. A smooth step-up bed is built downstream on the channel floor. As the height of the step-up bed is increased, choked condition is attained. With further increase in the height of the step-up bed, the water surface over the step-up bed will decrease to the extent that it will be above the critical depth. flow will stop. upstream will increase to the extent that it will create supercritical flow over the step-up bed. over the step-up bed will decrease to the extent that it will be below the critical depth.
With further increase in the height of the step-up bed in a subcritical flow, the water surface over the step-up bed will decrease to the extent that it will be below the critical depth.
This will cause the flow to transition from subcritical to supercritical over the step-up bed. The upstream water level will increase to the extent that it will create supercritical flow over the step-up bed, leading to increased velocities and changes in flow behavior.
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Design a column with an effective length of 22 ft to
support a dead load of 65 klb, a live load of 110 klb, and a wind
load of 144 klb. Select the lightest W14 made of steel.
Jack C. McCormac book pro
The lightest W14 steel column would be suitable to support the given loads of 65 klb dead load, 110 klb live load, and 144 klb wind load for an effective length of 22 ft.
To determine the lightest W14 steel column that can support the given loads, we need to consider the column's capacity based on the axial load and buckling strength. Using the design provisions outlined in Jack C. McCormac's book, we can calculate the required section modulus and moment of inertia for the column based on the applied loads and effective length. Then, we can refer to steel section tables to find the lightest W14 shape that satisfies these requirements.
The selection of the W14 shape will depend on its properties, such as weight per foot and moment of inertia. By comparing different available W14 shapes, considering their weights and meeting the calculated requirements, the lightest W14 section that satisfies the load conditions can be determined. It's important to note that specific steel section tables or design codes should be consulted for accurate calculations and section selection, as they may vary depending on the country and design standards being used.
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Describe and analyse the property business cycles.
The property business cycles refer to the fluctuations in the prices of properties in the real estate market over time. These cycles are driven by changes in supply and demand for properties, as well as by various economic and demographic factors.
During the expansion stage, there is a high demand for properties, and prices are increasing. This is often driven by factors such as low interest rates, economic growth, and population growth. Developers respond to this demand by building new properties, which in turn increases the supply of properties on the market.
In the recession stage, the market experiences a significant downturn, with falling prices and reduced demand. This can be caused by factors such as a financial crisis or a recession in the broader economy. Finally, in the recovery stage, demand for properties begins to pick up again, often driven by a rebound in the broader economy. Prices begin to increase again, and developers respond by increasing the supply of properties on the market.
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