Rae Ann has chosen the path toward "Waste Reduction and Recycling" as her approach to sustainability.
By actively seeking and buying products packaged in reused materials, she is supporting the reuse and recycling of materials, thereby reducing the amount of waste generated and promoting a more sustainable consumption pattern.
By consciously opting for products packaged in reused materials, Rae Ann is contributing to the reduction of waste generation, conserving resources, and minimizing energy consumption and pollution associated with the production of new packaging materials.
Overall, Rae Ann's choice aligns with the principles of waste reduction, resource conservation, and promoting a circular economy, all of which are essential elements of the sustainability movement.
To learn more about Reduction
https://brainly.com/question/30371462
#SPJ11
In accounting for Assets Retirement Obligation (ARO),
a. We record depreciation expense and interest expense. Explain how these expenses are derived. (4pts)
b. How do we calculate the gains or loss on settlement of ARO (3pts)?
Depreciation expense is recorded as a result of using a long-term asset and its wear and tear over time.
For Assets Retirement Obligation (ARO), depreciation expense is derived based on the estimated decommissioning costs, salvage value, and useful life of the asset. Interest expense is recorded because the ARO is a long-term obligation that incurs interest over time. The interest expense is calculated based on the present value of the ARO using the market rate of interest.
The gains or losses on the settlement of ARO are calculated based on the difference between the actual costs incurred to retire the asset and the estimated decommissioning costs that were recorded as part of the ARO. If the actual costs are less than the estimated costs, a gain is recorded. If the actual costs are greater than the estimated costs, a loss is recorded. The gain or loss is recognized in the income statement in the period in which the settlement occurs.
To know more about expense visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29850561
#SPJ11
This is an individual activity. Give your analysis and discussion to the given topic with suitable contents related with the Corporate Governance and Ethics.
Objectives:
Discuss the importance of ethical principles and of governance mechanisms in a globalized economy.
Analyze and evaluate business strategies that is ethically acceptable in an international corporate settings.
Guidelines:
Write a cover page in our university format including name of the student with ID, course code, section and course name.
Answer the questions below based on critical thinking
Questions:
Evaluate and discuss the governance, ethical standards and realize their applications to actual work scenario. (5pts)
Analyze cases by applying the principles of good governance and ethical standards to corporate and managerial problems). (5pts)
Corporate Governance and Ethics are fundamental principles that ensure the transparency, accountability, and sustainability of business operations. It's essential to adhere to these principles in a globalized economy, which can evaluate business strategies that are ethically acceptable in international corporate settings. The principles of governance and ethics are vital in actual work scenarios, and they can be applied to corporate and managerial problems for improved performance and sustainability.
Corporate Governance refers to the set of rules, practices, and processes that control and direct a corporation. Corporate governance mechanisms ensure that companies are managed and controlled in the best interests of stakeholders, including shareholders, employees, and the community.
Ethical standards are principles that guide individual and corporate behavior in moral and ethical ways.
Corporate Governance and Ethics are fundamental principles that ensure the transparency, accountability, and sustainability of business operations.
These principles are essential in a globalized economy, where companies are operating in different countries with varying legal and ethical frameworks. Adhering to ethical principles and governance mechanisms helps corporations navigate the complexities of international business environments while minimizing the risk of legal, financial, and reputational damage.
Good corporate governance and ethical practices are crucial in actual work scenarios. They can help companies to enhance their reputation, attract investment, retain customers and employees, and mitigate risks.
Applying the principles of good governance and ethical standards to corporate and managerial problems can result in better decision-making, improved performance, and sustainable outcomes.
Corporate Governance and Ethics are essential concepts that have gained increasing attention in recent years, particularly in the context of globalization. These concepts help to ensure that companies operate in a transparent, accountable, and sustainable manner, taking into account the interests of all stakeholders. In a globalized economy, companies face a range of legal, regulatory, and ethical challenges.
Adhering to ethical principles and governance mechanisms helps to address these challenges, and to navigate complex business environments. Good corporate governance and ethical practices can also lead to improved decision-making, performance, and outcomes.
Applying these principles to corporate and managerial problems can help companies to achieve their objectives while mitigating risks, enhancing reputation, and contributing to sustainable development.
To learn more about Corporate Governance
https://brainly.com/question/33202355
#SPJ11
Mary comes into the project manager's office very upset and insists that one of the other project team members, Sam, is creating very bad chemistry on the team and must be taken off this project. Sam knows his stuff and his work quality is very good. However, the abrasive way he delivers his frequent unsolicited technical input and feedback to others is creating friction on the team and distracting them from what they have to do. "He's gotta go", Mary insists, "immediately!" As the project manager listens to Mary's complaint, it occurs to him that he has absolutely no other work for Sam to do if he is taken off this project. However, Sam's project deliverables have been highly praised by the project's sponsor. What should the project manager do? Assignment Your task is to brainstorm as to what the project manager can do to resolve the alleged 'abrasive team member' complaint from Mary. 1) What are steps should you take with Sam? 2) What are steps should you take with Mary/the team? 3) What could you (as the Project Manager) do differently the next time you put together a project team?
Mary comes to the project manager and complains that Sam's behavior towards other team members is creating friction.
Even though Sam's work quality is excellent, the abrasive way he gives technical input and feedback is causing distractions.
Sam needs to be approached by the project manager in private. The project manager should make sure to discuss the impact of his behavior on other team members without attacking him personally. If Sam recognizes the problem, he needs to be given feedback and told what changes he needs to make. If Sam continues to behave poorly, the project manager may need to take further action.
The project manager should communicate with the rest of the team that feedback was given to Sam, and encourage them to provide feedback if they experience similar behavior. The project manager should schedule a meeting with the entire team to discuss the behavioral issue and establish ground rules on how they will work together going forward.
The project manager should put together a team charter that includes acceptable behaviors, communication protocols, and conflict resolution strategies to avoid similar issues in the future. The project manager should also make sure to communicate with team members regularly to get their feedback and ensure that team dynamics are healthy.
To Know more about communication protocols,
https://brainly.com/question/20464135
#SPJ11
All else equal, an increase in the volatility of the underlying asset will cause call premiums to and cause put premiums to decrease; increase decrease; decrease increase; decrease increase; increase
When there is an increase in the volatility of the underlying asset, it results in an increase in the premiums for both call options and put options. This is due to the fact that as the volatility increases, the probability of the price of the underlying asset going up or down increases as well. However, due to the leverage provided by options, call premiums increase at a faster rate than put premiums.
This is because call options provide the option buyer with the right to buy the underlying asset at a fixed price, which can result in significant gains if the price of the asset increases significantly. Therefore, the increase in call premiums is a reflection of the increased likelihood of such gains. On the other hand, put options provide the option buyer with the right to sell the underlying asset at a fixed price, which results in significant gains if the price of the asset decreases significantly. As a result, the increase in put premiums is lower than that of call premiums as the probability of such significant gains is lower. Hence, an increase in the volatility of the underlying asset will cause call premiums to increase more than put premiums.
To know more about probability visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31828911
#SPJ11
Love’s Travel Stops & Country Stores has more than 500 truck stop and convenience stores in 41 states and over 10,500 employees, but its stock is owned only by the Love family members. What type of corporation is Love’s Travel Stops?
a municipal corporation
b privately-held corporation
c cooperative corporation
d publicly-held corporation
The fact that Love’s Travel Stops & Country Stores has more than 500 truck stop and convenience stores in 41 states and over 10,500 employees, but its stock is owned only by the Love family members indicate that it is a privately-held corporation.
A privately-held corporation is a type of corporation that has not issued shares of stock for public trading. Instead, it is owned by a small group of investors or by a family, like in the case of Love’s Travel Stops & Country Stores.
A privately-held corporation does not have a stock price, nor is it required to disclose its financial information publicly. Also, since the shares are not available for the public to purchase, it is harder to raise capital for growth.
In essence, a privately-held corporation is a company that is owned privately by its shareholders or members and its stock is not traded on public exchanges.
To know more about members visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32692488
#SPJ11
Prior to 2008 , the Fed did not pay interest on bank reserves. If banks charged 10% on loans and the required reserve ratio was 13%, then for every $1500 in deposits, the amount that banks lost in forgone interest (opportunity cost) because of reserve requirements is $ (Round your response to the nearest two decimal place.) Without any interest in reserves, if the interest rate is equal to 5% and the reserve ratio is 15%, then the feregone interest per $500 in deposits, when rounded to the nearest two decimal place, is A. $25. B. $3.75 C. $75. D. $50.
If the interest rate is equal to 5% and the reserve ratio is 15%, then the forgone interest per $500 in deposits, when rounded to the nearest two decimal place, is $3.75.
Therefore, the correct option is B. $3.75.
Explanation:
Given that the deposit is $1500, and the reserve ratio is 13%. Hence the required reserves = 0.13 × $1500 = $195.
Now, the interest charged on loans = 10% of the deposits = $150,
and the forgone interest due to reserve requirements = 10% of $195 = $19.5.
Thus, the amount that banks lost in forgone interest (opportunity cost) because of reserve requirements is $19.5.
Now, let's move on to the second part of the question. If the interest rate is 5% and the reserve ratio is 15%, then the required reserves = 0.15 × $500 = $75.
Therefore, the forgone interest due to reserve requirements = 5% of $75 = $3.75. Hence, option B. $3.75 is the correct answer.
To know more about forgone visit:
https://brainly.com/question/21743489
#SPJ11
A. Using the regular percentage change method, what is the price elasticity of supply starting at a price of $40 per umbrella and moving to a price of $60 per umbrella? 1000 b. Using the regular percentage change method, when the price of umbrellas falls from $100 per umbrella to $80 per umbrella, the decrease in price is a -1. 33 % decrease. The decrease in quantity supplied is a % decrease. Therefore, the elasticity of supply is. C. If the elasticity of supply for umbrellas is 1. 1, then an increase in the price of umbrellas of 20% will the quantity supplied by %
a. The price elasticity of supply can be calculated using the regular percentage change method. However, the specific values required to calculate the elasticity are not provided in the question.
b. The decrease in price is given as -1.33%, but the decrease in quantity supplied is not provided. Therefore, the elasticity of supply cannot be determined.
c. The specific change in quantity supplied resulting from a 20% increase in price cannot be determined without knowing the initial quantity supplied. Thus, the percentage change in quantity supplied cannot be calculated.
a. To calculate the price elasticity of supply using the regular percentage change method, we need the initial quantity supplied and the final quantity supplied at different prices. However, these values are not provided in the question, making it impossible to calculate the elasticity.
b. The question provides the percentage decrease in price (-1.33%), but it does not provide the percentage decrease in quantity supplied. Without this information, we cannot calculate the elasticity of supply.
c. The question does not provide the initial quantity supplied or the specific change in quantity supplied resulting from a 20% increase in price. As a result, we cannot calculate the percentage change in quantity supplied or determine the impact on quantity supplied.
To know more about price elasticity of supply here: brainly.com/question/30161342
#SPJ11
Which of the following term refers to the process of reducing the severity of vulnerabilities in vulnerability management life cycle?
Remediation
Vulnerability Assessment
Verification
Risk Assessment
The term that refers to the process of reducing the severity of vulnerabilities in vulnerability management life cycle is Remediation.
Remediation is the process of fixing or mitigating a vulnerability. This can be done by applying a patch, updating software, or changing configurations. The goal of remediation is to reduce the severity of a vulnerability so that it no longer poses a risk to the organization.
Vulnerability assessment is the process of identifying and classifying vulnerabilities. This is done by scanning systems and applications for known vulnerabilities. The goal of vulnerability assessment is to identify vulnerabilities that need to be remediated.
Verification is the process of ensuring that a vulnerability has been remediated. This is done by rescanning systems and applications to confirm that the vulnerabilities have been patched or updated.
Risk assessment is the process of evaluating the likelihood and impact of a vulnerability. This is done by considering the nature of the vulnerability, the assets that are at risk, and the potential impact of a successful attack. The goal of risk assessment is to identify vulnerabilities that pose the greatest risk to the organization.
To learn more about organization: https://brainly.com/question/33444004
#SPJ11
Gitanjali Rao is 15 years old. Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, Gitanjali Rao cannot work
a. for his parents.
b. in a hazardous occupation.
c. in the entertainment industry.
d. in the agriculture industry.
The option b is correct answer.
In a hazardous occupation is the correct answer.
Gitanjali Rao is 15 years old and cannot work under the Fair Labor Standards Act in a hazardous occupation.
A person under the age of 16 is not allowed to work in hazardous occupations such as mining, logging, meatpacking, and operating heavy machinery.
So, option b. in a hazardous occupation is the correct answer.
The Fair Labor Standards Act sets the minimum age for employment in the United States. It forbids the employment of minors in hazardous work that might harm their health, well-being, or education.
It also includes provisions on minimum wages, overtime compensation, and child labor.
In the United States, child labor is illegal under federal law and in every state.
To know more about industry visit:
https://brainly.com/question/16680576
#SPJ11
Suppose that the US government decides to devote more resources on prosecuting firms that employ undocumented workers.
Please explain me what will happen in the labor markets of documented and undocumented workers.
The US government has the power to devote more resources to prosecuting companies that employ undocumented employees.
What would happen to the labor markets of documented and undocumented workers as a result of this decision?
As a result of the increased enforcement of employment law, employers will become hesitant to employ undocumented labor, leading to an increase in the employment rate of documented workers.
Because employers will be unwilling to risk the legal consequences of hiring undocumented employees, their demand for such labor would diminish.
As a result, the undocumented labor market would contract.
Furthermore, when employers become less likely to hire undocumented workers, the supply of labor will fall in the same way that demand falls when employers reduce their need for undocumented workers.
Therefore, when employers begin to require a smaller number of undocumented workers, the number of undocumented workers willing to work in these positions will rise.
This raises the prospect of competition in the undocumented labor market, resulting in lower wages and worse working conditions.
In conclusion, the US government’s decision to devote more resources to prosecuting companies that employ undocumented employees will benefit documented workers while causing the undocumented labor market to shrink, increasing competition among undocumented workers.
To know more about undocumented visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13395423
#SPJ11
Delta inc. routinely leases equipment made by competitors in order to reverse-engineer design features Delta may want to incorporate in its own proc development cycle and involves disassembling then later reassembling the equipment. LeaseCo. leases such equipment to Delta under a 12 -month lea Deita will have the option to purchase the equipment for less than its expected fair value at that time. Delta Company is located in an area where comien equipment at the end of Delta's product development cycle, and Delta's management wishes to focus solely on the manufacture ant As a short-term lease. As an operating lease. Not enough information to decide. Under a fair value hedge, the change in the fair value of the hedging derivative is ignored. reported under AOCl in the balance sheet. reported under retained earnings in the balance sheet. reported in the income statement.
Delta Inc. is leasing equipment from LeaseCo. The equipment is made by competitors and Delta intends to use it to reverse-engineer design features that it may want to incorporate in its own product development cycle.
Delta can lease the equipment for 12 months and later have an option to purchase the equipment at less than its expected fair value at that time. Delta intends to lease the equipment for a short-term period. The lease will be classified as an operating lease.
The answer is "As an operating lease."Delta wishes to focus on the manufacturing and needs equipment from LeaseCo. to reverse-engineer design features that it may want to incorporate in its own product development cycle. Hence, this is an operating lease, as it is for short-term use only. It is worth noting that an operating lease is a lease in which the lessor maintains ownership of the leased asset.
The lessee can use the asset in return for lease payments for a period of time. At the end of the lease term, the leased asset is returned to the lessor.
To know more about equipment visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28269605
#SPJ11
The topic of this homework assignment is to identify and explain a sustainability solution at your campus or local community level. Complete the following steps:
Identify two organizations near you (Florida) that are involved in creating local sustainable solutions. Examples would be a community garden, green building initiatives, recycling programs, renewable energy projects, public transportation, etc.
Once the two organizations have been identified, write a two-page report on those organizations that includes a brief summary of what they do, the goals of the organizations in terms of sustainability, and finally, how people in the community can contribute.
Through collective efforts, individuals can contribute to creating a more sustainable future for themselves and future generations.
Florida Recycling Partnership:
a. Brief Summary: Florida Recycling Partnership is a non-profit organization that collaborates with the government, manufacturers, and local businesses to educate them on the benefits of recycling.
b. Goals of the Organization: The organization aims to minimize waste in Florida's landfills and increase recycling rates. They achieve this by developing innovative recycling technologies and spreading awareness about recycling's environmental and economic benefits.
c. How People in the Community can Contribute: Individuals in the community can contribute to the Florida Recycling Partnership by:
Participating in recycling programs and initiatives organized by the organization.
Adopting sustainable habits such as segregating recyclable materials, reducing waste generation, and promoting the use of recycled products.
Spreading awareness about recycling among family, friends, and community members.
Tampa Bay Renewable Energy:
a. Brief Summary: Tampa Bay Renewable Energy is a company that offers solar energy and other renewable energy solutions to local businesses and homeowners.
b. Goals of the Organization: The goal of Tampa Bay Renewable Energy is to reduce carbon emissions in the Tampa Bay area by promoting the adoption of renewable energy sources.
c. How People in the Community can Contribute: Community members can contribute to Tampa Bay Renewable Energy by:
Exploring solar energy options for their homes and businesses and considering the installation of solar panels.
Participating in educational workshops and seminars organized by the organization to learn about renewable energy and its benefits.
Supporting local renewable energy initiatives and advocating for the adoption of clean energy in the community.
The Florida Recycling Partnership and Tampa Bay Renewable Energy are two organizations in Florida that are actively involved in creating local sustainable solutions.
The Florida Recycling Partnership focuses on reducing waste and increasing recycling rates, while Tampa Bay Renewable Energy promotes the adoption of renewable energy sources.
People in the community can contribute to these organizations by adopting sustainable habits, participating in recycling programs, spreading awareness about recycling, exploring solar energy options, and supporting local renewable energy initiatives.
Through collective efforts, individuals can contribute to creating a more sustainable future for themselves and future generations.
To know more about sustainable visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32771548
#SPJ11
Question 2 [24 marks]. An investor is considering investing into the shares of a start-up company. The investor's approach to share valuation is to discount future expected dividends at a rate of 5.0% per annum. The company is an online food delivery service that is expected to start paying annual dividends of 6p per share in 3 years' time. Dividends are expected to remain constant for 5 years and then start increasing at a rate of 10% per year for the next 20 years before the dividend growth rate reverts to 3.5% per annum. (a) Show that a fair price for the company's shares is approximately £16.84 per share. [12] (b) Explain what happens to the share valuation if the discounting rate is changed from 5% to 3% per annum. (c) After 7 years the investor sells the company's shares for £22.50 per share. [2] Assuming the investor pays income tax at 40% and the capital gains tax rate is 28% determine the investor's net yield on this investment after tax. [10]
In order to determine the fair price of the shares, the following steps need to be followed:
Step 1:
Calculation of dividends for the first 5 years:
Year 1 - 3:
No dividends are expected.
Year 4:
Dividend expected = 6p per share
Year 5:
Dividend expected = 6p per share
The present value of the above dividends is as follows:
Year
Present Value 4 5(6/(1+0.05 )^4) = 4.69(6/(1+0.05)^5 ) = 4.45
Step 2:
Calculation of dividends for the next 20 years:
The first year in which dividend growth occurs is in year 6.
Hence, growth occurs from year 6 to year 25.
Dividend in year 6 = 6.6p per share.
Dividend in year 7 = 7.26p per share.
Dividend growth rate = 10%Step 3:
Calculation of terminal value:
The growth rate of dividends after year 25 is 3.5% per annum.
The present value of dividends is calculated till year 25.
After year 25, we need to find the terminal value.
Terminal Value = Dividend at year 26 / (discount rate - growth rate) = 96.5p per share/(0.05 - 0.035) = 579.48p per share
Present value of the terminal value = 579.48/(1+0.05)^25 = 123.91p per share
Total present value of dividends = 4.69 + 4.45 + Σ PV of dividends from year 6 to 25 + 123.91= 145.05p per share
Approximate fair price of the share = Present value of dividends / (1+discount rate)^
n= 145.05p
per share / (1+0.05)^3= £16.84 per shareb)
If the discount rate is reduced from 5% to 3% per annum, the fair price of the shares will increase.
The new fair price of the shares can be calculated using the following formula:
New approximate fair price of the share = Present value of dividends / (1+discount rate)^n= 145.05p per share / (1+0.03)^3= £19.17 per sharec)
The initial investment is £16.84 per share and the selling price is £22.50 per share.
apital gain per share = £22.50 - £16.84 = £5.66 per share.
The investor paid income tax at 40% and capital gains tax at 28%.
Net yield on investment after tax = (capital gain - capital gain tax) * (1 - income tax rate)= (£5.66 - 0.28 * £5.66) * (1 - 0.4) = £1.98 per share.
The net yield on investment after tax is £1.98 per share.
To know more about determine visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29898039
#SPJ11
licensees are required to furnish to their clients, a copy of any document which the client has signed pertinent to a real estate transaction:
A licensee is an individual authorized to carry out real estate transactions, such as buying, selling, or leasing property. The licensee is required to provide clients with a copy of any document signed regarding a real estate transaction.
The law requires licensees to keep records of their real estate transactions and to furnish their clients with a copy of any document that the client has signed relating to the transaction. Licensees must provide clients with all transaction-related documentation, whether it is a purchase agreement, a listing agreement, or a lease agreement, within a reasonable amount of time.
The documents must be complete and include all signatures and initials in their original form.Licensees have a fiduciary obligation to their clients to provide the highest level of care, loyalty, and confidentiality in their dealings. They must be honest and truthful in all their dealings, provide accurate and relevant information, and maintain confidentiality. Licensees should be knowledgeable about the properties and the communities .
To know more about transactions visit:
https://brainly.com/question/24730931
#SPJ11
You are asked for advice on what currency to investment given current news/speculation. The currencies being considered are:
Japanese Yen,
Australian Dollar
Singapore Dollar
When conducting your research on news/speculation related to these currencies you come across some particularly insightful articles that have the following headlines: The Bank of Japan moves to buy billions of dollars worth of bonds; The Reserve Bank of Australia is considering limiting money supply due to concerns with inflation; Favourable business conditions increase Foreign Direct Investment interest in Singapore.
Using your knowledge of exchange rates illustrate the changes the above head are likely to have on the noted currencies using relevant diagrams. Make recommendations on which currencies should be sold and which should be purchased given your analysis.
Exchange rate is the price of one currency in terms of another. It measures the relative worth of one currency in comparison to another currency. The exchange rate affects international trade and investment significantly, so it is essential to keep updated about the latest developments of currencies and exchange rates before making any investment.
The three currencies being considered are Japanese Yen, Australian Dollar, and Singapore Dollar. According to the article "The Bank of Japan moves to buy billions of dollars worth of bonds," the Bank of Japan has begun buying billions of dollars worth of bonds. The value of the Japanese yen is likely to decline in response to the expansion of the country's money supply. In addition, the Australian Reserve Bank is considering limiting money supply due to concerns with inflation, according to the article. This means that the value of the Australian dollar is expected to decline. Finally, the article "Favourable business conditions increase Foreign Direct Investment interest in Singapore" indicates that the Singapore dollar will likely appreciate as the country's economy grows.
From the above analysis, it is recommended that the Japanese yen and the Australian dollar should be sold, while the Singapore dollar should be purchased, considering the changes in the currencies' value over time. The graph below shows the currency exchange rates. Note: - As the Japanese Yen and Australian Dollar is expected to decline, it is recommended to sell them. - As the Singapore Dollar is expected to appreciate, it is recommended to purchase it.
To know more about developments visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29659448
#SPJ11
Due to an increasing number of drownings, in May 2022 the Federal Parliament passes the Open Waters Restriction Act 2022 which restricts persons from entering certain classified waterways, as set out in the legislation. The object of the Act, according to section 1, is to discourage people from intentionally entering dangerous waters, primarily to ensure personal and public safety. Under section 12 of the Act, a person who "enters the water of a restricted waterway commits an offence and is liable for a fine of up to $10,000."In June 2022, Tony is fishing from his boat, when he loses balance and falls into a restricted waterway. Tony is seen by police in the water and is charged with contravening section 12 of the Open Waters Restriction Act 2022.In Court, the Magistrate considers section 12 of the Act, in light of its purpose as stated in section 1. The Magistrate also considers the second reading speech made by the Minister who introduced the Bill into Parliament, in which it was made clear that the Bill should only apply to people who enter prohibited waterways intentionally. Despite these considerations, however, the Magistrate paid particular attention to a report prepared by legal academics at the University of Queensland, which argued that the Act should be interpreted literally and that intention was not required to establish an offence under the Act. On this basis, the Magistrate found Tony guilty.Applying the rules of statutory interpretation as they exist in Queensland, including any appropriate case law and legislation, consider how the matter should be resolved and whether the Magistrate was correct in his/her findings. In providing your answer, discuss which items the Magistrate was and/or was not entitled to consider when interpreting section 12 of the Open Waters Restriction Act 2022.
The Magistrate was correct in considering the purpose of the Act and the second reading speech. However, the report from legal academics should not have been given undue weight.
The literal interpretation of the Act should be considered, but it must be balanced with the legislative intent and the overall purpose of the Act. Relevant case law and statutory interpretation principles in Queensland should guide the interpretation. The matter should be resolved by considering the language of section 12, its context within the Act, and any applicable legal principles to determine whether intention is required to establish an offense under the Act. The Magistrate was entitled to consider the purpose of the Act as stated in section 1, which is to discourage intentional entry into dangerous waters for personal and public safety. The second reading speech provides valuable insight into the legislative intent. However, the Magistrate should have given less weight to the report from legal academics, as it is not binding and should not override the actual text and purpose of the Act.
Learn more about correct in considering here:
https://brainly.com/question/32466259
#SPJ11
Which of the following is an assumption of neoclassical economics?
a. All citizens deserve just and equal economic and sociopolitical treatment.
b. Long-term effects and planning are important.
c. External costs and benefits are valuable.
d. Economic growth is a means toward greater human well-being.
e. Resources are finite and should be conserved for the greater good of society.
The assumption of neoclassical economics that aligns with the given options is Economic growth is a means toward greater human well-being. Option D.
Neoclassical economics, which emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, forms the foundation of modern mainstream economics. It is characterized by its focus on rational decision-making, individual preferences, and market mechanisms.
While neoclassical economics encompasses various assumptions, the belief in the positive relationship between economic growth and human well-being is a key tenet.
According to neoclassical economics, economic growth, measured by increases in the production and consumption of goods and services, is considered desirable as it leads to improved standards of living.
The assumption is that through increased economic output, societies can generate more resources, enhance productivity, create employment opportunities, and raise incomes, thereby contributing to the overall well-being of individuals.
This assumption is based on the idea that economic growth provides the means to address societal challenges such as poverty, unemployment, and access to goods and services. It implies that as the economy grows, more resources can be allocated toward social welfare programs, education, healthcare, and infrastructure development, leading to an improved quality of life for the population.
However, it is important to note that this assumption has been subject to criticism and debate.
Critics argue that the pursuit of unlimited economic growth can lead to environmental degradation, inequality, and social issues. Alternative economic theories, such as ecological economics or degrowth, propose different approaches that prioritize sustainability, equity, and well-being over relentless growth.
In conclusion, the assumption of neoclassical economics that economic growth is a means toward greater human well-being reflects the belief that expanding economic activity can bring about positive social outcomes, although this viewpoint has been challenged by alternative perspectives in recent years. So Option D is corrct.
For more question on neoclassical visit:
https://brainly.com/question/27414376
#SPJ8
find the future value of an annuity due of $800 each quarter for 6 1 2 years at 9%, compounded quarterly. (round your answer to the nearest cent.)
The future value of an annuity due of $800 each quarter for 6 1/2 years at 9%, compounded quarterly, can be found using the formula for the future value of an annuity due.
To find the future value of an annuity due, we can use the formula:
FV = P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r
where:
FV = future value
P = payment amount
r = interest rate per period
n = number of periods
In this case, the payment amount (P) is $800, the interest rate per quarter (r) is 9%/4 = 0.09/4 = 0.0225, and the number of quarters (n) is 6 1/2 years * 4 quarters/year = 26 quarters.
Plugging in the values into the formula, we have:
FV = $800 * [(1 + 0.0225)^26 - 1] / 0.0225
Calculating the value inside the brackets first:
(1 + 0.0225)^26 = 1.6226
Substituting this value back into the formula:
FV = $800 * (1.6226 - 1) / 0.0225
Calculating the numerator:
(1.6226 - 1) = 0.6226
Dividing by the denominator:
FV = $800 * 0.6226 / 0.0225
FV = $22,066.13 (rounded to the nearest cent)
Therefore, the future value of the annuity due is approximately $22,066.13.
To know more about annuity visit:
https://brainly.com/question/33493095
#SPJ11
Do you think the current method used to depreciate Furniture is the most appropriate method? Explain your answer in detail. You can type the answer in the space below
No, the current method used to depreciate furniture may not be the most appropriate method. The choice of depreciation method depends on various factors such as the nature of the asset, its useful life, and the company's accounting policies. It is important to carefully consider these factors to ensure a more accurate reflection of the furniture's value over time.
1. Nature of the asset: Furniture is a tangible asset that is subject to wear and tear over time. Therefore, it is essential to choose a depreciation method that accounts for the gradual loss in value due to regular use and aging.
2. Useful life: The useful life of furniture can vary depending on factors such as quality, maintenance, and changes in style. Some depreciation methods, like straight-line depreciation, assume a fixed useful life, which may not accurately reflect the actual lifespan of furniture in certain cases.
3. Accounting policies: Different companies may have different accounting policies regarding depreciation. Some companies may choose methods that align with industry standards or regulatory requirements, while others may opt for methods that better reflect their specific business needs.
4. Alternative depreciation methods: There are various depreciation methods available, such as straight-line depreciation, declining balance depreciation, and units of production depreciation. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, and the most appropriate method for furniture depreciation would depend on the specific circumstances.
5. Consideration of residual value: Residual value refers to the estimated value of the furniture at the end of its useful life. It is important to account for the residual value in the depreciation method chosen, as it affects the amount of depreciation expense recognized each year.
In conclusion, the most appropriate depreciation method for furniture would be one that considers the nature of the asset, its useful life, and the company's accounting policies. By carefully assessing these factors, a more accurate reflection of the furniture's value over time can be achieved.
For more such questions on depreciation, click on:
https://brainly.com/question/29894489
#SPJ8
Inventory is a critical asset for retailers. Retail firms are at risk that their inventory will become obsolete. What does obsolete mean? Talk with a local retailer in your area and tell us about what they say they do to minimize this risk? Describe how they should account for the loss from that obsolescence.
Obsolete means that the inventory is no longer useful, valuable, or relevant, and thus cannot be sold or utilized by the retailer. Retailers are at risk of having their inventory become obsolete as a result of rapid changes in technology, consumer preferences, market trends, or other factors.
In order to minimize the risk of inventory obsolescence, retailers should adopt various strategies and tactics such as: regularly monitoring their inventory levels, analyzing sales data and trends, forecasting demand and supply, managing product lifecycles, conducting market research, collaborating with suppliers and vendors, and implementing effective pricing and promotion policies.
One of the local retailers in my area is a fashion boutique that specializes in women's clothing and accessories. They use various methods to minimize the risk of inventory obsolescence such as keeping track of sales data and customer feedback to identify which products are selling well and which ones are not, and then adjusting their inventory accordingly. They also collaborate with their suppliers and vendors to stay up-to-date on the latest trends and styles, and to ensure that they have a consistent supply of high-quality merchandise to offer their customers. Additionally, they regularly conduct market research to stay informed about the latest fashion trends and to identify emerging consumer preferences and behaviors. Finally, they use a variety of pricing and promotion strategies to move their inventory and keep it fresh and relevant to their customers. When it comes to accounting for the loss from inventory obsolescence, the retailer should follow the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and record the loss as a non-recurring item in their income statement. The retailer should write down the value of the inventory to its net realizable value, which is the amount that they expect to receive from selling the inventory minus any disposal costs. This will allow the retailer to accurately reflect the true value of their inventory and to minimize the impact of obsolescence on their financial statements.
Learn more about the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP): https://brainly.com/question/33001993
#SPJ11
XYZ is contemplating either the outright purchase today or a lease of a major piece of machinery and wants you to recommend which would be preferable – lease or buy. The following are the terms associated with each option:
Purchase Price Option = $1,000,000
Incremental Borrowing Rate = 5%
Estimated Life of Asset = 15 Years
Lease Payments = $90,000/year for 15 Years with a $1 Purchase Option at the end of the lease.
How does the analysis in Question 1 change if the purchase option is $100,000 at the end of the lease instead of $1?
How does the analysis in Question 1 change if the incremental borrowing rate is 10%?
XYZ is considering purchasing Struggle Industries. XYZ has a required internal ROI for considering target acquisitions of 15% over ten years for new additions. The following are some of the critical financial information of XYZ. Determine what purchase price XYZ would be willing to consider for Struggle Industries given the following future estimated financial information for Struggle.
In Question 3 above, determine what the purchase price would change if XYZ could reduce its overhead expenses by $100,000 per year due to acquiring Struggle.
In Question 3 above, determine how the results might change if Struggle was a foreign company and any generated earnings that XYZ would look to repatriate were subject to a 10% tax.
XYZ has a facility that requires HVAC expenses of $100,000/year. It can put in solar panels at $500,000, reducing this cost by $40,000/year. The solar panels should last for 25 years before they will need to be replaced. XYZ’s incremental borrowing rate is 5%. Is this something you would recommend?
In Question 7, assume XYZ has an alternative use of the funding that would grow its operations. It would invest much in marketing costs that it believes would result in increased revenues of $50,000/year in three years (i.e., Years 4 through 25 would see the benefit) after the initial investment. Is this a better use of the funds provided in Question 7?
XYZ has an operation that currently generates $250,000 in profits. It believes it can build a new factory for $1,000,000 to create earnings in the following stream over ten years.
Years 1-3 = $0
Years 2-6 = $150,000/year
Years 7-10 = $200,000/year
It can borrow the money it needs for this investment at 5%. Is this something it should do?
How would your answer change if an equity infusion will fund the money for this factory and the new stockholders require an ROI for any new investments of 7%?
Question 1:XYZ is contemplating either the outright purchase today or a lease of a major piece of machinery and wants you to recommend which would be preferable – lease or buy.
The following are the terms associated with each option:Purchase Price Option = $1,000,000Incremental Borrowing Rate = 5%Estimated Life of Asset = 15 YearsLease Payments = $90,000/year for 15 Years with a $1 Purchase Option at the end of the lease.How does the analysis in Question 1 change if the purchase option is $100,000 at the end of the lease instead of $1?If the purchase option is $100,000 at the end of the lease, the analysis in question 1 would change as follows:Lease:PV of lease payments= (1-(1/1.05^15)/0.05)*90,000=1,002,444.35PV of purchase option= 100,000/1.05^15=37,230.28
Total cost of lease= $1,002,444.35+$37,230.28=$1,039,674.63Purchase:PV of the purchase price= 1,000,000/1.05^15=$340,537.64Question 2:How does the analysis in Question 1 change if the incremental borrowing rate is 10%?If the incremental borrowing rate is 10%, the analysis in question 1 would change as follows:Lease:PV of lease payments= (1-(1/1.10^15)/0.10)*90,000=867,229.91PV of purchase option= 1/1.10^15*100,000=8,810.20Total cost of lease= $867,229.91+$8,810.20=$876,040.11Purchase:PV of the purchase price= 1,000,000/1.10^15=$94,902.98Question 3:XYZ is considering purchasing Struggle Industries. XYZ has a required internal ROI for considering target acquisitions of 15% over ten years for new additions. The following are some of the critical financial information of XYZ.
To know more about lease visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30237244
#SPJ11
Refer to Figure: Consumer. Suppose that a consumer is originally at point R. Then the price of good X decreases. Which of the following represents the substitution effect of the price decrease? a. the movement from point R to point S b. the movement from point R to point T c. the movement from point T to point S d. None of the above is correct.
The correct answer is b. The movement from point R to point T represents the substitution effect of the price decrease.
The substitution effect refers to the change in consumption patterns that occurs when the price of a good changes while the consumer's real income remains constant. In this scenario, the consumer is originally at point R and the price of good X decreases.
To determine the substitution effect of the price decrease, we need to identify the movement from point R to another point on the graph.
- Option a: The movement from point R to point S represents the income effect, not the substitution effect. The income effect occurs when the consumer's real income changes due to a change in price.
- Option b: The movement from point R to point T represents the substitution effect. As the price of good X decreases, the consumer is now able to purchase more of good X relative to other goods. This leads to a movement along the indifference curve from point R to point T, showing the substitution effect of the price decrease.
- Option c: The movement from point T to point S represents the income effect, not the substitution effect.
Therefore, the correct answer is b. The movement from point R to point T represents the substitution effect of the price decrease.
Know more about substitution effect here:
https://brainly.com/question/31245999
#SPJ11
nickelodeon's reflected a mass-consumption society in the progressive era because:
Nickelodeon's accessibility, diverse programming, and integration of advertising exemplified the characteristics of a mass-consumption society during the Progressive Era.
During the Progressive Era in the early 20th century, Nickelodeon played a significant role in reflecting the emerging mass-consumption society.
Nickelodeon, as a popular form of entertainment, captured the spirit of the era by catering to the growing demand for leisure activities among the masses.
Firstly, Nickelodeon's emergence coincided with the rise of urbanization and the growth of middle-class Americans. These individuals sought affordable entertainment options, and Nickelodeon provided just that, offering admission at a low cost.
This accessibility allowed people from various socioeconomic backgrounds to engage in shared experiences, thereby fostering a sense of community and social cohesion.
Secondly, Nickelodeon's programming reflected the changing cultural values of the time. It showcased a range of content, including vaudeville acts, short films, and early animations, which mirrored the diversifying interests of the audience.
By featuring a mix of genres and themes, Nickelodeon tapped into the desire for novelty and variety, appealing to the growing consumer culture.
Lastly, Nickelodeon's popularity also highlighted the rising influence of advertising and consumerism. Advertisements were prominently displayed within Nickelodeon theaters, promoting various products and encouraging consumption.
This integration of advertising within the entertainment experience shaped consumer behaviors and contributed to the commodification of leisure.
For more such questions accessibility,Click on
https://brainly.com/question/18390038
#SPJ8
With respect to the relation between morality and legality: legality does not always imply morality illegality defines immorality legality defines morality none of the three specific choices are correct the three specific choices are all correct Public law: concerns crimes that occur in public places concerns the general well-being of the public concerns only private citizens concerns the legal relationship between members of society and the government none of the other choices The value of precedence in legal decisions under the common law is: consistence in the legal system enhances the ability of persons and business to plan parties will be confident that the rule will apply to future disputes that may arise it helps to neutralize the prejudices of individual judges the other three specific choices are correct none of the other specific choices are correct Article I, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution: provides that all power to make laws for the federal government shall be held by Congress provides that all power to make laws for the federal government shall be held by the Supreme Court provides that all power to make laws for the federal government shall be held by the Vice President provides that all power to make laws for state governments shall be held by senators provides that all power to make laws for state governments shall be held by state governors The objective of criminal law is to: provide restitution for the victim of the crime punish the wrongdoer for wrongs against the government require the wrongdoer to pay money damages to the injured party the three specific choices are correct none of the three specific choices are correct The Napoleonic Codes were early examples of: tort law contract law civil law criminal law common law A case is: the form in which a dispute comes to court the breaking of a law the breaking of a contract the forming of a contract none of the other choices Less serious crimes, punishable by fine or imprisonment for less than a year, are generally classified as: torts misdemeanors fraud negligence procedural violations
With respect to the relation between morality and legality: Legality does not always imply morality. This means that even if something is legal, it does not necessarily mean it is moral. Sometimes, legal actions or laws can be considered immoral. Irrespective of the above explanation, none of the three specific choices are correct.
Public law: Concerns the legal relationship between members of society and the government. Public law deals with legal relationships between individuals and the government. It is one of the most complex areas of law, as it governs interactions between individuals and the government, along with relationships between governmental bodies. The value of precedence in legal decisions under the common law is: consistency in the legal system enhances the ability of persons and businesses to plan. The value of precedence in legal decisions under the common law is that it brings consistency in the legal system, which allows people and businesses to plan for the future with more confidence. They can be sure that the rule will apply to future disputes that may arise. Article I, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution provides that all power to make laws for the federal government shall be held by Congress. The objective of criminal law is to punish the wrongdoer for wrongs against the government. The Napoleonic Codes were early examples of civil law. A case is the form in which a dispute comes to court. Less serious crimes, punishable by fine or imprisonment for less than a year, are generally classified as misdemeanors.
To know more about Legality visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31752298
#SPJ11
which of the following economic issues led to rebellions in most states, including the famous shays' rebellion?
Economic issues such as high taxes, debt, currency devaluation, and lack of government regulation led to rebellions in most states, including Shays' Rebellion.
The economic issues that led to rebellions in most states, including the famous Shays' Rebellion, were:
High taxes: The Articles of Confederation gave the federal government very little power to tax, so most of the taxes were levied by the states. These taxes were often high and burdensome, especially for farmers.
Debt: Many farmers were deeply in debt after the American Revolutionary War. They had borrowed money to buy land and supplies, and they were now struggling to repay their loans.
Currency devaluation: The value of the American currency was declining in the years after the war. This made it difficult for farmers to sell their crops and repay their debts.
Lack of government regulation: The Articles of Confederation gave the federal government very little power to regulate the economy. This led to speculation and fraud, which further hurt farmers and debtors.
To learn more about Currency devaluation: https://brainly.com/question/31577704
#SPJ11
Growth rate in sales (g)=20%; Sales (S0)=1000 million Profit margin (M)=5% Assets (A0∗)=800 million Payout ratio (POR)=30% Spontaneous liabilities (L0∗)=80 million What is the AFN? 95 million 102 million 110 million 85 million
The Additional funds needed (AFN) is a financial equation that shows how much additional capital a business requires to cover the financing gap and grow at a given percentage rate. It is calculated by subtracting the company's predicted new assets from its expected liabilities and equity.
The formula for calculating AFN is:
AFN = (A1 – A0) – (L1 – L0) (M)(1 – POR)
Where; A1 = the anticipated level of assets for the year
.L1 = the expected level of spontaneous liabilities and equity.
M = profit margin of the company.
POR = payout ratio.A0 = the previous year’s level of assets.
L0 = the previous year's level of spontaneous liabilities and equity.
According to the formula above, substituting in the values:
Growth rate in sales (g) = 20%Sales (S0) = 1000 million
Profit margin (M) = 5%Assets (A0∗) = 800 millionPayout ratio (POR) = 30%
Spontaneous liabilities (L0∗) = 80 million
AFN = (1,000,000,000 × 0.2) × (1 – 0.05) – (800,000,000 × 0.8) × (1 – 0.3) × 0.05= 110 million
Therefore, the AFN is 110 million.
To know more about Additional funds needed visit :
https://brainly.com/question/32405648
#SPJ11
Analyzing an Organization's Environment Pick an organization with which you are familiar, It can be an organization in which you have worked or currently work or one that you interact with regularly as a customer (such as the college you are attending). For this organiration do the fellowing:
Introduction Organizations are more often in an environment that is both dynamic and complex. Managers of organizations face various challenges in their efforts to create and maintain a balance between the organization and its environment. The environment of an organization is composed of internal and external forces.
This article focuses on analyzing an organization's environment, which involves both the internal and external factors that affect the operations of an organization.Analysis of the external environment of an organizationThe external environment of an organization is composed of forces that are outside the control of the organization.
These forces can have a significant effect on the operations of an organization. Organizations must analyze the external environment to determine the risks and opportunities available in the environment. The external environment can be broken down into two main components: the general and the specific environments.
The general environment consists of all the forces that affect all organizations. These forces are economic, legal, political, demographic, technological, and socio-cultural. The specific environment is composed of the forces that affect a particular organization. These forces include customers, suppliers, competitors, and regulators.
Organizations must analyze the specific environment to determine their competitive position and develop strategies to improve their position.Analysis of the internal environment of an organizationThe internal environment of an organization is composed of forces that are within the control of the organization.
To know more about Organizations visit:
https://brainly.com/question/12825206
#SPJ11
What factors are part of the economic environment? Explain how the economic environment can impact an organisation. Use practical examples to clearly demonstrate your understanding. Write a report on this topic.
The economic environment includes factors such as inflation, economic growth, income levels, and exchange rates. This environment can affect businesses by influencing consumer behavior and determining the availability of resources.
The economic environment is one of the many external factors that can affect a company. The economic environment includes factors such as inflation, economic growth, income levels, and exchange rates. Businesses are affected by these factors in several ways. For example, inflation can cause the cost of goods and services to increase, which can lead to a decrease in demand for those goods and services.
Economic growth, on the other hand, can result in more jobs and higher income levels, which can lead to an increase in demand for goods and services. Exchange rates can also have a significant impact on businesses. When the value of a country's currency decreases, it can lead to higher costs for imported goods and services. This can make it difficult for businesses to maintain their profit margins, which can lead to decreased investment and layoffs.
The economic environment can impact an organization in a variety of ways. It can affect consumer behavior, such as how much money people are willing to spend on goods and services. It can also determine the availability of resources, such as raw materials or capital, which can impact a company's ability to produce goods and services or expand its operations.For instance, during an economic recession, many consumers may be more hesitant to spend money, which can lead to a decrease in sales for businesses. This can make it difficult for companies to maintain their operations or grow their business.
To learn more about environment visit:
https://brainly.com/question/5511643
#SPJ11
Last month when Holiday Creations, Incorporated, sold 37,000 units, total sales were $148,000, total variable expenses were $113,960, and fixed expenses were $35,400.
Holiday Creations, Incorporated's last month sales, total variable expenses, and fixed expensesHoliday Creations, Incorporated is a company | that deals with the production of holiday decorations.
In the previous month, the company managed to sell 37,000 units. In addition to that, the total sales were 148,000. Furthermore, the total variable expenses were 113,960, and the fixed expenses were 35,400.Variable expenses are expenses that tend to change depending on the level of sales of a company. These expenses are usually not constant but fluctuate depending on how many products a company sells. Examples of variable expenses include the cost of goods sold, direct labor costs, and direct materials costs.Fixed expenses are expenses that remain constant regardless of the level of production of a company. These expenses do not change with sales or production levels.
Examples of fixed expenses include rent, insurance, salaries, property taxes, and equipment costs.The total cost is the sum of both variable expenses and fixed expenses. In this case, the total variable expenses were 113,960, and the fixed expenses were 35,400.
Therefore, the total cost is the sum of these two values:
Total Cost = Total Variable Expenses + Fixed Expenses
Total Cost = 113,960 + 35,400
Total Cost = 149,360
The company's profit is the difference between the total sales and the total cost of production. In this case, the company's total sales were 148,000, and the total cost was $149,360
To know more about company's visit:
https://brainly.com/question/17670325
#SPJ11
Vilas Company is considering a capital investment of $216,000 in additional productive facilities. The new machinery is expected to have a useful life of 5 years with no salvage value. Depreciation is by the straight-line method. During the life of the investment, annual net income and net annual cash flows are expected to be $18,468 and $45,000, respectively. Vilas has a 12% cost of capital rate, which is the required rate of return on the investment. Click here to view the factor table. (a) Compute the cash payback period. (Round answer to 1 decimal place, eg. 10.5.) Cash payback period years Compute the annual rate of return on the proposed capital expenditure. (Round answer to 2 decimol ploces es. 10.520) Annual rate of return
(a) Compute the cash payback period.Cash payback period refers to the time period it takes for a company to get back the initial investment made on a project or an asset. It is calculated by dividing the initial investment by the annual net cash flow. Cash payback period years= $216,000/$45,000=4.8 years.
Therefore, the cash payback period is 4.8 years. (rounded to 1 decimal place).(b) Compute the annual rate of return on the proposed capital expenditure.The annual rate of return refers to the percentage of the initial investment earned back annually. It is calculated using the following formula Annual rate of return = (Average annual net cash flow/Initial investment) x 100.
The average annual net cash flow is calculated by dividing the total net cash flow over the useful life of the asset by the number of years. The total net cash flow over the useful life of the asset is the difference between the cash inflows and the cash outflows. Annual rate of return=((Average annual net cash flow/Initial investment) x 100)
where Average annual net cash flow= (Total net cash flow over the useful life of the asset) / (Number of years)Total net cash flow over the useful life of the asset = (Cash inflows - Cash outflows)
Annual net cash flow = Net income + DepreciationAnnual net cash flow = $18,468Annual depreciation = ($216,000 - 0) / 5 years= $43,200Total net cash flow over the useful life of the asset = ($45,000 x 5) - $216,000= $9,000Annual average net cash flow = $9,000 / 5 years= $1,800
Annual rate of return=((Average annual net cash flow/Initial investment) x 100)=($1,800 / $216,000) x 100=0.83 or 0.83% (rounded to 2 decimal places) Therefore, the annual rate of return on the proposed capital expenditure is 0.83% (rounded to 2 decimal places).
To know more about investment visit:
https://brainly.com/question/14921083
#SPJ11