Maybach PLC has issued 10% convertible bonds that will be redeemed in 10 years' time, and they are currently selling for £93. The bonds have an annual interest rate, and each bond of £100 can be converted into 25 shares at any time during the next two years.
The current market price of Maybach's common shares is £3.20 per share, and it is projected to rise by 14% per year in the foreseeable future. Bonds of comparable risk have a cost of debt of 12%.Maybach's convertible bonds provide investors with the option to convert their bonds into common shares. The bonds can be sold in the market right now for £93. The bonds' face value is £100, with an annual interest rate of 10%. Therefore, the bondholders would earn a total annual interest of £10 per bond. Investors who hold Maybach's convertible bonds have the following three choices:Sell the convertible bond now:It would be feasible to sell the bond now because its market price is £93, and it can be converted into common shares. The current market price of Maybach's ordinary shares is £3.20 per share, and the conversion ratio is 25:1. Therefore, each bond is convertible into 25 shares. As a result, 25 shares of Maybach are worth £80. An investor who sells the bond for £93 earns a £3 capital gain.Convert the bond now or within the next two years:It would be beneficial to convert the bond now because its market price is £93, and it can be converted into common shares. The current market price of Maybach's ordinary shares is £3.20 per share, and the conversion ratio is 25:1. Therefore, each bond is convertible into 25 shares. As a result, 25 shares of Maybach are worth £80. An investor who converts a bond into shares at £80 earns a £7 capital gain.Hold the bond to maturity:If the investor holds the bond to maturity, they will get £100 per bond after 10 years. They will receive £10 in annual interest payments on the bond. Therefore, if an investor holds the bond until maturity, they will receive a total of £200 in interest payments and a face value of £100 for each bond at maturity.In conclusion, the investor should convert the bond now or within the next two years as it provides more capital gain compared to other options.
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Portage Bay Enterprises has $2 million in excess cash, no debt, and is expected to have free cash flow of $14 million next year. Its FCF is then expected to grow at a rate of 2% per year forever. If Portage Bay's equity cost of capital is 11% and it has 6 million shares outstanding, what should be the price of Portage Bay stock?
The price of portage bay stock should be approximately $25.
To determine the price of portage bay stock, we can use the gordon growth model, also known as the dividend discount model (ddm), which values a stock based on its future cash flows.
the formula for the gordon growth model is:
price = dividend / (cost of equity - growth rate)
in this case, we can consider the free cash flow (fcf) as the equivalent of dividends since the company has no debt and is expected to have constant fcf growth.
first, we need to calculate the perpetuity value of the fcf:
perpetuity value = fcf * (1 + growth rate) / (cost of equity - growth rate)
fcf = $14 million
growth rate = 2%
cost of equity = 11%
perpetuity value = $14 million * (1 + 0.02) / (0.11 - 0.02)
perpetuity value = $14 million * 1.02 / 0.09
perpetuity value = $154 million
next, we can calculate the price of portage bay stock by dividing the perpetuity value by the number of shares outstanding:
price = perpetuity value / number of shares outstanding
number of shares outstanding = 6 million
price = $154 million / 6 million
price = $25.67 per share 67 per share.
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Manufacturing consists of activities and processing that convert raw materials into finished goods. What are the classifications of manufacturing costs? Discuss on the very important concept of Managerial Cost Concept," and how cost can be identified.
The classifications of manufacturing costs include direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead.
Managerial cost concept refers to the identification, measurement, and analysis of costs to assist managers in decision-making. Costs can be identified through cost allocation, cost tracing, and cost estimation.
The classifications of manufacturing costs are essential for understanding and tracking the expenses incurred in the production process. The three main categories of manufacturing costs are as follows:
Direct materials: These are the costs associated with the raw materials directly used in the production of goods. Examples include the cost of raw materials, components, and supplies that can be easily traced to specific products.
Direct labor: This includes the wages, salaries, and benefits paid to the workers who directly contribute to the manufacturing process. It encompasses the labor costs directly involved in producing goods or providing services.
Manufacturing overhead: Also known as indirect costs, manufacturing overhead includes various expenses that are not directly attributable to specific products but are necessary for the production process. Examples of manufacturing overhead costs include rent, utilities, equipment depreciation, factory maintenance, and indirect labor costs.
The managerial cost concept focuses on providing managers with relevant cost information for decision-making purposes. It involves identifying, measuring, and analyzing costs to assist in planning, controlling, and evaluating performance. By understanding costs, managers can make informed decisions regarding pricing, production volumes, cost reduction strategies, product mix, and resource allocation.
Cost identification is achieved through various methods:
Cost allocation: This involves assigning costs to specific cost objects, such as products, departments, or activities, based on predetermined allocation rules or cost drivers.
Cost tracing: This method involves directly linking costs to specific cost objects by physically tracking the resources used or the activities performed.
Cost estimation: When direct identification or tracing is not feasible, costs can be estimated using techniques such as historical data analysis, regression analysis, or engineering estimates.
Overall, the managerial cost concept emphasizes the importance of cost identification and analysis in supporting managerial decision-making, improving efficiency, and achieving cost-effective operations.
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Assume the old rate is U.S. $1 : Euro $1.5 and the new rate is U.S. $1 : Euro $3.
Assume you are an American exporter. Is this a good thing for you or not? (A)
Let’s say the price of your product is U.S. $20.
Please show your work to demonstrate why this is a good thing or not a good thing for you
(hint: compare the prices of your product between old and new rates). (B)
Assume you are an American importer. Is this a good thing for you or not? (C)
Let’s say you have U.S. $1 million in as your budget to buy in European Union.
Please show your work to demonstrate why this is a good thing or not a good thing for you
(A) As an American exporter, a stronger U.S. dollar relative to the euro (from $1 = €1.5 to $1 = €3) is not a good thing.
(B)The price of the product in euros can be calculated by dividing the U.S. dollar price ($20) by the exchange rate.
(C) As an American importer, a stronger U.S. dollar relative to the euro is a good thing.
(A) When the U.S. dollar strengthens, it means that the value of the dollar increases relative to the euro. As an exporter, this makes your product more expensive for foreign buyers, as their currency (euro) can now buy fewer dollars. Therefore, the increase in the exchange rate from $1 = €1.5 to $1 = €3 would result in a higher price for your product in euros, potentially making it less competitive in the European market.
(B) Under the old rate, the price in euros would be €20 / 1.5 = €13.33. Under the new rate, the price in euros would be €20 / 3 = €6.67. Comparing the prices, the stronger dollar (new rate) would make your product more expensive in euros, potentially reducing demand and making it less favorable for your exporting business.
(C) When the U.S. dollar strengthens, it means that the value of the dollar increases relative to the euro. As an importer, this allows you to purchase more euros with the same amount of dollars. Therefore, with a stronger dollar, you would have more purchasing power in the European Union. In this scenario, having a budget of $1 million would allow you to buy more euros, enabling you to potentially acquire more goods or services from the European Union.
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What is the agency problem?
Select one:
1.
Finding the right agent to blame
2.
Difficulty for agencies to find right staff
3.
Conflict between management and employees
4.
Conflict between owne
The agency problem refers to a conflict of interest that arises when one party, known as the principal, delegates decision-making authority to another party, known as the agent.
The principal-agent relationship exists in various contexts, such as between shareholders and company management, or between clients and hired professionals. The problem stems from the misalignment of incentives and goals between the principal and the agent, which can lead to conflicts and suboptimal outcomes.
In this context, option 3, "Conflict between management and employees," is the most accurate description of the agency problem. The conflict typically arises when managers, as agents, make decisions that prioritize their own interests or objectives over those of the employees or shareholders they represent. This misalignment can manifest in various forms, such as excessive executive compensation, neglecting employee welfare, or pursuing short-term gains at the expense of long-term sustainability. The agency problem can undermine trust, create inefficiencies, and impede organizational performance. Various mechanisms, such as performance-based incentives, monitoring systems, and transparent communication, are employed to mitigate the agency problem and align the interests of principals and agents.
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Transactions for the Hartman Company for the month of November are presented below. Journalize each transaction and identify each transaction by number. You may omit journal explanations.
1. Stockholders invested an additional $40,000 cash in the business.
2. Purchased land costing $18,000 for cash
3. Purchased equipment costing $45,000 for $4,500 cash and the remainder on credit.
4. Purchased supplies on account for $800.
5. Paid $3,000 for a one-year insurance policy.
6. Received $2,000 cash for services performed.
7. Received $5,000 for services previously performed on account.
8. Paid wages to employees for $2,500.
9. Paid dividends to stockholders of $400.
Journalize each transaction. (If no entry is required, select "No Entry" for the account titles and enter 0 for the amounts.)
The journalizing of transactions for the Hartman Company for the month of November, When $2,500 was paid in wages to employees: Salaries and Wages Expense $2,500, Cash $2,500.9. When dividends of $400 were paid to stockholders: Dividends $400, Cash $400.
Along with the identification of each transaction by number, are presented below. Journal entries are a way of recording the details of a transaction in a comprehensive and structured manner.Transactions:1. When the stockholders invested an additional $40,000 cash in the business: Cash $40,000, Common Stock $40,000.2. When land was purchased for $18,000 cash: Land $18,000, Cash $18,000.3. When equipment was purchased for $45,000, $4,500 in cash and the remainder on credit: Equipment $45,000, Cash $4,500, Accounts Payable $40,500.4. When supplies were purchased on account for $800: Supplies $800, Accounts Payable $800.5. When a one-year insurance policy was paid for $3,000: Prepaid Insurance $3,000, Cash $3,000.6. When $2,000 cash was received for services performed: Cash $2,000, Service Revenue $2,000.7. When $5,000 was received for services previously performed on account: Cash $5,000, Accounts Receivable $5,000.8. When $2,500 was paid in wages to employees: Salaries and Wages Expense $2,500, Cash $2,500.9. When dividends of $400 were paid to stockholders: Dividends $400, Cash $400.
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Supplier rationalization leads towards the centralization of the purchasing organization in most cases. If an organization chooses the "Corporate purchasing" approach, which of the following is its main trait? a) New unit established but does not make decisions b) New unit established charged with making decision c) Individual sites manage their decisions d) One site, business or territory takes on main responsibility
If an organization chooses the "Corporate purchasing" approach, the main trait associated with it is that **one site, business, or territory takes on the main responsibility** for purchasing decisions.
In this approach, purchasing decisions are centralized within a specific location or entity within the organization. This central unit is responsible for making decisions regarding the procurement of goods and services on behalf of the entire organization or multiple sites. The centralization allows for better coordination, consolidation of purchasing power, and potential cost savings through economies of scale.
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View Policies Current Attempt in Progress During the current year, Chudrick Corporation expects to produce 11.000 units and has budgeted the following: net income $220,000, variable costs $994,000, and fixed costs $106.000. It has invested assets of $1,100,000. The company's budgeted ROI was 20%. What was its budgeted markup percentage using a full-cost approach
The budgeted markup percentage using a full-cost approach is 220%. A full-cost approach is used to determine the total cost of a unit, which includes variable and fixed costs, as well as a markup percentage for profit. Markup percentage is calculated by dividing profit by cost and then multiplying the answer by 100 to convert it to a percentage. This can be expressed as:
Markup percentage = (Profit/Cost) × 100. For Chudrick Corporation, the budgeted ROI was 20%. Return on investment (ROI) is the percentage of net income divided by investment assets. This can be expressed as: ROI = (Net income/Investment assets) × 100.Given that the company's net income was $220,000 and its investment assets were $1,100,000, the budgeted ROI was:ROI = (220,000/1,100,000) × 100ROI = 20%. Since the company's budgeted ROI was 20%, the profit would be 20% of the investment assets.. Profit = ROI × Investment assetsProfit = 20% × 1,100,000Profit = $220,000The total cost of production for 11,000 units can be calculated by adding variable and fixed costs: Total cost = Variable costs + Fixed costs. Total cost = $994,000 + $106,000Total cost = $1,100,000
Therefore, the cost per unit is:Cost per unit = Total cost/Units produced. Cost per unit = $1,100,000/11,000Cost per unit = $100. Finally, the budgeted markup percentage using a full-cost approach can be calculated by dividing the profit by the cost per unit and multiplying the answer by 100 to convert it to a percentage:Markup percentage = (Profit/Cost per unit) × 100Markup percentage = ($220,000/$100) × 100.Markup percentage = 220%. Therefore, the budgeted markup percentage using a full-cost approach is 220%.
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Now that cost increases are affecting all producers as a result of the Ukraine war, the question is how they will react and whether they will allow increases in the prices of their products. Imagine a manufacturer with a fixed marginal cost e.g. 10 kr. per unit. Due to foreign cost increases, the marginal cost increases to ISK 12. Then the question arises what happens to the price to the consumer. Will it increase by 2 ISK, more or less?
Explain this with a model of monopoly on the one hand and the oligopoly of two parties deciding on a quantity at the same time.
Explain in pictures and words using economic contexts what the models predict will happen for price and quantity.
Focus especially on how much the price rises and you can assume that the consumer's sensitivity to price changes will remain unchanged. You can also look at the demand being linear and consider what happens to consumers' sensitivity to price changes and its effect on price development and levies.
In both models, the exact price increase would depend on market conditions, competition, and the firms' strategic decisions.
In a monopoly model, where there is a single producer, the price increase would be greater than the marginal cost increase. The monopolistic producer has control over the market and can set prices based on the demand elasticity. Since the consumer's sensitivity to price changes remains unchanged, the producer would likely increase the price by an amount greater than the marginal cost increase of 2 ISK per unit.
In an oligopoly model with two parties making simultaneous quantity decisions, the price increase would depend on the level of competition and their reactions. If both parties anticipate that the other will increase prices, they might choose to do the same. This could lead to a price increase greater than the marginal cost increase. However, if there is intense competition and both parties are concerned about losing market share, they might try to absorb some of the cost increase and keep the price increase lower.
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As explored in class, the communications styles of Bill Gates
and Steve Jobs are strikingly different. What effect does this have
on their respective companies, from day to day operations to long
term
The contrasting communication styles of Bill Gates and Steve Jobs have significant effects on their respective companies, influencing day-to-day operations as well as long-term outcomes. These differences can impact organizational culture, decision-making processes, innovation, and relationships with employees and stakeholders.
Bill Gates and Steve Jobs, two iconic figures in the technology industry, had distinct communication styles that shaped their companies in different ways. Gates was known for his analytical and systematic approach, emphasizing collaboration and teamwork. His communication style fostered a culture of inclusivity, open dialogue, and structured decision-making within Microsoft. This approach allowed for efficient day-to-day operations, streamlined processes, and a focus on long-term strategic goals.
In contrast, Steve Jobs had a charismatic and visionary communication style. He was known for his passion, attention to detail, and ability to inspire others. Jobs' communication style influenced Apple's organizational culture, emphasizing innovation, design excellence, and a strong brand identity. His persuasive communication style played a significant role in product launches, marketing campaigns, and cultivating a sense of excitement and loyalty among employees and customers.
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All of the following were entrepreneurs who built powerful monopolies in the nineteenth century EXCEPT _____.
John Rockefeller
William Hurst
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Andrew Carnegie
All of the following were entrepreneurs who built powerful monopolies in the nineteenth century EXCEPT Andrew Carnegie.
Andrew Carnegie was not an entrepreneur who built powerful monopolies in the nineteenth century. The other entrepreneurs, i.e., John Rockefeller, William Hurst, and Cornelius Vanderbilt were all responsible for building powerful monopolies during the nineteenth century.
A monopoly is a situation in which there is only one provider of a good or service. A company with a monopoly controls the market for that product or service. As a result, they can set their own prices and restrict the supply of the product or service to maximize their profits.
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Create a business model canvas, about Programing Company and
identify and explain each of the business model canvas building
blocks for the company.
A programming company's business model canvas consists of several building blocks that define its key aspects. These building blocks include customer segments, value proposition, channels, customer relationships, revenue streams, key activities, key resources, key partners, and cost structure.
1. Customer Segments: This block identifies the target customers for the programming company, such as small businesses, startups, or enterprise clients. It helps the company understand the specific needs, preferences, and characteristics of its customer base.
2. Value Proposition: The value proposition outlines the unique services or solutions that the programming company offers to its customers. It highlights the benefits and value that customers can expect, such as custom software development, web application services, or IT consulting.
3. Channels: This block defines the distribution channels through which the programming company reaches its customers. It could include direct sales, online platforms, partnerships, or referral networks.
4. Customer Relationships: This block describes the type of relationships the company establishes with its customers. It could involve personalized support, long-term partnerships, or self-service platforms, depending on the company's target market and customer preferences.
5. Revenue Streams: The revenue streams outline the sources of income for the programming company. It could be project-based fees, subscription models, licensing fees, or maintenance contracts.
6. Key Activities: This block identifies the core activities required to operate the programming company successfully. It includes software development, quality assurance, project management, customer support, and continuous innovation.
7. Key Resources: The key resources highlight the essential assets and capabilities the programming company needs to deliver its services effectively. This could include skilled programmers, cutting-edge technology, infrastructure, and intellectual property.
8. Key Partners: This block identifies strategic partnerships and collaborations that are crucial for the programming company's success. It could involve software vendors, technology providers, outsourcing partners, or marketing agencies.
9. Cost Structure: The cost structure outlines the expenses incurred by the programming company to operate its business. It includes salaries, infrastructure costs, software licenses, marketing expenses, and ongoing maintenance costs.
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BU2073 Career Planning and Professional Skills Worksheet 5.6 - Your Strategic Advantage Think about the data you have collected in the Worksheets from Chapter 5. Narrow it down to the main items that highlight your capabilities, and that differentiate you above others. Should be 5-7 sentences maximum. Consider a verbal synopsis. Should be a summary that you can recite verbally in an elevator pitch or a job interview. Consider the template format below: I am a (specify your current or target career role)... with experience in (specify any related job experience)... My particular strengths include (list your most significant strengths from your list of Style, Skills, Knowledge, Interests, Values and Motivators)... (Highlight any elements which distinguish you from others as related to your target career role)... Refer to the examples below: Example 1: I'm a retail operations executive with extensive experience in managing a nationwide chain of over 100 franchise stores selling specialty kitchen items. My particular strengths include inventory and cost control, merchandising and the provision of trai- ning and development support for store managers. I understand the challenges facing small retail franchise owners in Canada. I am at my best when handed a mandate and given Name: Student Id:
When you are preparing for a job interview or elevator pitch, it is essential to have a summary of your capabilities and what sets you apart from others. The BU 2073 Career Planning and Professional Skills Worksheet 5.6 is an excellent resource for this. It helps you narrow down the essential items that highlight your capabilities and differentiate you from others in 5-7 sentences.
I am a (specify your current or target career role)... with experience in (specify any related job experience)... My particular strengths include (list your most significant strengths from your list of Style, Skills, Knowledge, Interests, Values, and Motivators)... (Highlight any elements that distinguish you from others as related to your target career role)...
I am a marketing manager with five years of experience in branding and digital marketing campaigns for consumer goods. My particular strengths include creating engaging content, developing innovative marketing strategies, and collaborating with cross-functional teams. I have a proven track record of driving brand awareness and sales growth through effective social media campaigns. What sets me apart is my ability to analyze consumer behavior and create data-driven marketing campaigns that deliver measurable results.
By preparing a your capabilities using the BU2073 Career Planning and Professional Skills Worksheet 5.6, you will be better equipped to communicate your value proposition in a job interview or networking event.
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A business continuity plan is a project that highlights how an organization would continue to function during and after the pandemic. It involves planning how your key the services or products of a business can continue to be offered to customers amidst any changes in both internal and external business conditions. However each business is unique and thus, you are tasked to create a specific plan that best suits your selected business and operational needs.
In creating this plan, you need to put into consideration the presence of infectious diseases to a scale as big as a pandemic or a severe seasonal outbreak. In regards to the pandemic scenario, you are expected to address the immediate business concerns such as, infection control measures, workforce plans, financial limitations or budget allocations, operation and recovery plans and other business needs that you think that would emanate from a pandemic situation.
Students should treat the assignment as an opportunity to build knowledge in research and analyzing data, as well as inspire them to be creative by coming up with the own ideas or solutions in the real situations. How detailed the plan will depend on the type of business, how complex the organization is, and its size. Student are expected to apply their knowledge and ability to demonstrate their understanding throughout the details they put in their plan and they will also learn to present and justify how their solutions are flexible enough and proportional to match the level of threat that has been occurring since 2020.
Business continuity planning (BCP) is a crucial tool that can help an organization to continue functioning before, during, and after a pandemic.
A BCP is an essential project that identifies how an organization can continue to provide its essential services or products to its clients during any changes in the internal and external environment. The plan will depend on the complexity of the organization, its size, and the type of business. It is important to put into consideration the presence of infectious diseases, especially when it comes to a pandemic, or a severe seasonal outbreak. As a student, you are expected to treat the assignment as an opportunity to build knowledge in research and analyzing data. Students should learn how to present and justify their solutions.
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"Referral fees" are
a. Illegal in California.
b. A non-negotiated 50/50 split of the commission earned by
the
buyer’s broker.
c. Essentially, commissions paid by a broker for the introduction
of
Referral fees in the context of real estate transactions refer to commissions paid by a broker for the introduction of clients or business to another broker or agent.
They are essentially compensation for the referral of potential clients or leads. Referral fees are commonly used in the real estate industry as a way to incentivize individuals or entities to refer clients to other professionals.
These fees are typically negotiated between the parties involved and can vary in terms of the percentage or amount agreed upon. Referral fees are legal in many jurisdictions, including California, as long as they comply with applicable laws and regulations governing real estate transactions.
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"In which of the following prisoners' dilemma games is the noncooperative outcome actually bad for society as well as for the players?
(i) Two countries are involved in an arms race.
(ii) Oligopolists try to maintain monopoly profits.
(iii) Two oil producers act on their own self-interest when deciding how many wells to dig.
Select one answer:
a. (ii) and (iii)
b. (i) and (ii)
c. (i) and (iii)
d. All of the above are correct."
The noncooperative outcome is actually bad for society as well as for the players in scenarios (i) and (iii). In other words, options (i) and (iii) are the correct answers.
In an arms race between two countries (i), the noncooperative outcome leads to excessive spending on military armaments, resulting in a wasteful allocation of resources and potentially heightened tensions between the countries. This can have negative consequences for society as a whole, including the diversion of funds that could have been used for other social and economic needs. In the case of two oil producers acting on their own self-interest when deciding how many wells to dig (iii), the noncooperative outcome can lead to overproduction and a downward pressure on oil prices. This can negatively impact both the producers themselves, as they may experience lower profits.
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According to Behavioral Economics,
Group of answer choices
people always behave rationally
people are never influenced by emotional and social factors in economic decision making.
people always employ marginal analysis in economic decision making.
people do not always behave rationally.
According to Behavioral Economics, people do not always behave rationally.
Behavioral Economics challenges the traditional assumption of rationality in economic decision-making. It recognizes that individuals are influenced by cognitive biases, emotions, and social factors when making economic choices. It highlights that human decision-making is often subject to systematic errors and deviations from perfect rationality.
Behavioral Economics studies how people's behavior and decision-making processes deviate from standard economic assumptions. It explores phenomena such as loss aversion, anchoring, confirmation bias, and social norms that impact individuals' economic choices.
By acknowledging the limitations of rationality, Behavioral Economics provides a more realistic understanding of human behavior in economic contexts. It emphasizes that people's decisions are often influenced by psychological and social factors, leading to deviations from purely rational decision-making. Understanding these behavioral biases and factors can have significant implications for economic theory, policy-making, and real-world applications. It allows for a more comprehensive analysis of economic phenomena, incorporating insights from psychology and social sciences to better explain and predict human behavior in economic contexts.
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Question 1: (7.5 points): B3, C3, D3 At the beginning of 2020 Mary Cor. issued 30,000 bonds for 10 years of $100 per bond. The stated rate was 2% and the market rate was 5%. Instruction: 1- Calculate
The carrying value of the bonds at the end of the year can be calculated by subtracting the total interest expense for the year from the beginning balance of the bond liability.
Question 1: (7.5 points): B3, C3, D3
At the beginning of 2020, Mary Corp. issued 30,000 bonds for a 10-year term, with each bond having a face value of $100. The stated rate on the bonds was 2%, while the market rate at the time of issuance was 5%.
To calculate:
3: Determine the present value of the bond.
To calculate the present value of the bond, we need to discount the future cash flows (interest payments and principal repayment) using the market rate of 5%.
C3: Calculate the interest expense for the year.
The interest expense for the year can be calculated by multiplying the beginning balance of the bond liability by the market interest rate of 5%.
D3: Determine the carrying value of the bonds at the end of the year.
The carrying value of the bonds at the end of the year can be calculated by subtracting the total interest expense for the year from the beginning balance of the bond liability.
By performing these calculations, we can assess the present value of the bond, determine the interest expense for the year, and find the carrying value of the bonds at the end of the year. These calculations provide valuable financial information for Mary Corp. and help in evaluating the impact of the bond issuance on the company's financial statements.
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Can someone answer this and explain why?
Which of the following would decrease the aggregate price level the short run?
a) Firms cutting investment in response to a gloomy economic forecast
b) A drought causing a lower than usual crop harvest
c) An increase in government expenditure
d) Feds lowering interest rates
D). Feds lowering interest rates. This is because the aggregate price level in the short run is affected by the level of demand in the economy. When the interest rates are lowered by the Federal Reserve, it leads to an increase in borrowing and spending by consumers and businesses.
As a result, the demand for goods and services increases, causing an increase in production and output levels. However, as the economy operates at full capacity in the short run, the increase in demand cannot be met by an equivalent increase in supply. Hence, the prices of goods and services increase at a slower rate, causing a decrease in the aggregate price level.
On the other hand, options A, B, and C would increase the aggregate price level. Firms cutting investment in response to a gloomy economic forecast would decrease the level of output and employment, leading to a decrease in supply and an increase in prices. A drought causing a lower than usual crop harvest would result in a decrease in supply, causing an increase in prices. An increase in government expenditure would increase the level of demand in the economy, causing an increase in prices.
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19. In essay form, make sure that your answer includes the answers to the following questions what is a statement of cash flows, why it is needed, the 3 cash flow activities and whether depreciation e
The statement of cash flows is a financial statement that provides information about the cash inflows and outflows of a company during a specific period. It is needed to understand the cash flow position of a company, its ability to generate cash, and how it utilizes cash in its operations.
The statement of cash flows is a crucial financial statement as it helps users assess the cash flow position of a company. It provides insights into the sources and uses of cash, helping stakeholders understand the company's liquidity, solvency, and ability to meet its financial obligations.
The statement of cash flows categorizes cash flows into three main activities: operating, investing, and financing activities. Operating activities include cash flows from the company's primary operations, such as cash received from customers and cash paid to suppliers. Investing activities involve cash flows related to the acquisition and disposal of long-term assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, as well as investments in other companies. Financing activities include cash flows related to the company's capital structure, such as cash received from issuing stocks or borrowing, and cash paid for dividends or debt repayment.
Depreciation is a non-cash expense that is recorded in the income statement to allocate the cost of an asset over its useful life. Since it does not involve the movement of cash, it is added back in the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows. This adjustment is made to reconcile the net income reported in the income statement with the actual cash generated or used in operating activities. By adding back depreciation, the statement of cash flows presents a more accurate picture of the cash flow generated from the company's operations.
In conclusion, the statement of cash flows provides valuable information about a company's cash flows and is essential for assessing its financial health. It categorizes cash flows into operating, investing, and financing activities, enabling stakeholders to evaluate the company's ability to generate and utilize cash. Depreciation, being a non-cash expense, is added back in the operating activities section to ensure the statement accurately reflects the cash flow from operating activities.
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A) Goodwill Question (5 points) Mario Bakery purchased the net assets of Qameh Bakery for $300,000 on December 31, 2020. The balance sheet of Qameh Bakery just prior to acquisition is Assets Cost Cash $60,300 FMV $60,300 Receivables 35,000 24,700 Inventories 15,700 20,000 Equipment 60,000 65,000 Patent 15,000 Total $171,000 $185,000 Liabilities & Equities Cost FMV $6,000 10,000 Accounts payable Common stock 65,000 65,000 100,000 110,000 Retained earnings Total $171,000 $185,000 Required Answer the following questions and fill-in your answers in the table on the first page. 1) What amount is assigned to goodwill? 2) Assuming the purchase price paid was $135,000. a. What is the difference between the purchase price and FMV of net identifiable 50,000 assets? b. This amount is assigned to which account? c. In which financial statement should this account appear? d. In which section of the financial statement should this account appear? Credit side Borgin on purchase Good Balance sheet "Ässet sich
This account should appear in the balance sheet. d. This account should appear in the section of the balance sheet that is related to assets.
1. $115,000 is assigned to goodwill. Word Count: 8.2. The difference between the purchase price and FMV of net identifiable assets is $85,000. a. $85,000 is assigned to goodwill. b. Goodwill is the account to which this amount is assigned. c. This account should appear in the balance sheet. d. This account should appear in the section of the balance sheet that is related to assets. Credit side Borgin on purchase Good Balance sheet "Ässet sich". 1. $115,000 is assigned to goodwill. Word Count: 8.2. The difference between the purchase price and FMV of net identifiable assets is $85,000. c. This account should appear in the balance sheet. d. This account should appear in the section of the balance sheet that is related to assets.
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1) The amount assigned to goodwill is $115,000. 2) a. The difference between the purchase price of $135,000 and the fair value of the net identifiable assets of $20,000 is $115,000.
1) The amount assigned to goodwill is $115,000.2)a. The difference between the purchase price of $135,000 and the fair value of the net identifiable assets of $20,000 is $115,000.b. This amount will be assigned to the goodwill account.c. The goodwill account should be presented in the balance sheet in the long-term asset section.d. The goodwill account should appear in the noncurrent assets section of the balance sheet. Goodwill is an intangible asset that represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair market value of net identifiable assets of the acquired business. In this scenario, the net assets of Qameh Bakery were purchased by Mario Bakery for $300,000. The fair value of net identifiable assets is $185,000. Therefore, the amount assigned to goodwill is $115,000.When the purchase price is less than the fair value of net identifiable assets, the difference is recorded as a gain from bargain purchase. But in this case, the purchase price is higher than the fair value of net identifiable assets.
Therefore, the excess amount is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortised but tested for impairment annually. If the value of goodwill is impaired, it is written off as an expense in the income statement. In this scenario, assuming that the purchase price paid was $135,000, the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of net identifiable assets is $115,000. This amount will be assigned to the goodwill account, which is presented in the balance sheet in the long-term asset section and the noncurrent assets section.
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Project Planning
Planning is often the most difficult and unappreciated process in project management. Because planning is not always used to facilitate action, many people view planning negatively. The main purpose of project plans, however, is to guide project execution. To guide execution, plans must be realistic and useful, so a fair amount of time and effort must go into the planning process; people who are knowledgeable with the work need to plan the work.
EHR is relatively small, hence the most important planning documents to focus on are :
1. A team contract
2. A project scope statement
3. A work breakdown structure (WBS)
4. A project schedule
Soon after the project team signed the project charter, Project manager (PM) organized a team-building meeting for the project management EHR project. Inputs were collected from the team which is enough to develop the first draft of the scope statement. Another meeting is needed to further develop the scope statement and to start creating the WBS for the project.
Project planning is a crucial process in project management, as it guides project execution and ensures that the project is completed successfully.
However, planning is often viewed negatively and can be difficult to undertake. For small projects like EHR, it is important to focus on the most important planning documents, which include a team contract, a project scope statement, a work breakdown structure, and a project schedule.
After signing the project charter, the project manager for the EHR project organized a team-building meeting to collect inputs from the team members. These inputs were used to develop the first draft of the scope statement. However, it is important to note that another meeting is needed to further develop the scope statement and start creating the WBS for the project.
It is important for the planning process to involve people who are knowledgeable about the work being done in order to create realistic and useful plans. The planning process should not be viewed as an obstacle to action, but rather as a tool to guide execution and ensure project success. Therefore, it is crucial to allocate sufficient time and effort into the planning process. By focusing on the key planning documents and involving the right people, the EHR project can be effectively planned and executed.
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Operations Identify one tactical operational improvement. Consider your company's Production Capacity, its Inventory Management, or its Workforce Management practices. Finance Identify one tactical financial improvement. Consider your company's Debt Management, Cash Management, or conduct a Ratio Analysis.
Tactical Operational Improvement: Inventory Management
One tactical operational improvement that can be implemented is improving inventory management practices. This can involve optimizing inventory levels, reducing excess or obsolete inventory, and improving inventory turnover. By implementing effective inventory management techniques, such as implementing a just-in-time (JIT) inventory system or utilizing inventory tracking software, a company can streamline its operations, reduce carrying costs, and ensure that inventory is available when needed.
Tactical Financial Improvement: Cash Management
One tactical financial improvement that can be implemented is improving cash management practices. This involves optimizing the company's cash flow, monitoring cash inflows and outflows, and implementing strategies to ensure sufficient cash reserves are available to meet short-term financial obligations. This can include negotiating favorable payment terms with suppliers, implementing efficient billing and collection processes, and closely managing cash flow projections. By improving cash management practices, a company can enhance its liquidity, reduce the need for external financing, and mitigate the risk of cash flow shortages.
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What is the legal effect of the term "As Is" or "As-Is Sale" in
the CAR® RPA in
relieving the seller’s broker/agent of obligations under the
Agent’s Visual
Inspection Disclosure (AVID)?
a
The term "As Is" or "As-Is Sale" in the CAR® RPA (California Residential Purchase Agreement) relieves the seller's broker/agent of obligations under the Agent's Visual Inspection Disclosure (AVID).
When the term "As Is" or "As-Is Sale" is used in the CAR® RPA, it signifies that the property is being sold in its current condition, without any warranties or guarantees from the seller. This means that the seller's broker/agent is not responsible for disclosing any visual defects or issues with the property through the AVID form.
The buyer is expected to conduct their own inspections and assessments to determine the condition of the property. By accepting the property in an "As Is" condition, the buyer acknowledges that they are assuming the risks associated with any existing or potential defects, relieving the seller's broker/agent from liability in relation to the AVID obligations.
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ABC Ltd makes a special type of electronic components. The unit cost of making this component is as follows: Cost per Unit (R) Direct materials 6 Direct labour 4 Variable overhead 1 Supervisory costs 3 Equipment depreciation 2
Allocated general overhead 5 Total unit cost 21 The equipment used to manufacture the component has no resale value. General overhead is allocated on the basis of direct labour hours. The R21 total unit cost is based on 20,000 components produced each year. An outside supplier has offered to provide the 20,000 components at a cost of R13.50 per unit.
Required:
4.1 Advise the company on whether it should accept the offer of the outside supplier or not by preparing an analysis of the costs. (10)
4.2 The easiest way to distinguish between relevant & irrelevant costs is by cost behaviour; variable costs are relevant costs & fixed costs are not. Explain briefly why you might agree or disagree with this statement.(5)
4.1: ABC Ltd should accept the offer of the outside supplier as it would result in cost savings.
4.2: The statement that variable costs are relevant costs and fixed costs are not is not entirely accurate; relevance of costs depends on the context and decision being made.
Should ABC Ltd accept the offer?
4.1: In order to determine whether ABC Ltd should accept the offer of the outside supplier, we need to compare the total cost of producing 20,000 components internally with the cost offered by the supplier.
Internal production cost:
Direct materials: 6 * 20,000 = R120,000
Direct labor: 4 * 20,000 = R80,000
Variable overhead: 1 * 20,000 = R20,000
Supervisory costs: 3 * 20,000 = R60,000
Equipment depreciation: 2 * 20,000 = R40,000
Allocated general overhead: 5 * 20,000 = R100,000
Total internal production cost = R120,000 + R80,000 + R20,000 + R60,000 + R40,000 + R100,000 = R420,000
Cost offered by the outside supplier: R13.50 * 20,000 = R270,000
Comparing the two costs, we find that the cost offered by the outside supplier is lower than the total internal production cost. Therefore, it would be advisable for ABC Ltd to accept the offer of the outside supplier, as it would result in cost savings.
4.2: The statement that variable costs are relevant costs and fixed costs are not is not entirely accurate. While variable costs are generally more directly linked to production volume and are more likely to change with activity levels, fixed costs can still be relevant in certain decision-making scenarios.
Relevance of costs depends on the context and decision being made. In short-term decision-making, such as accepting the outside supplier's offer, variable costs are more relevant as they directly impact the cost of producing each unit. However, fixed costs may still be relevant in long-term decisions, capacity planning, or assessing the overall profitability of a product or business segment.
For example, in analyzing the profitability of a product line, fixed costs such as equipment depreciation and allocated general overhead need to be considered alongside variable costs to determine the full cost and profitability. Ignoring fixed costs could lead to incorrect conclusions about the financial viability of the product.
Therefore, it is important to consider both variable and fixed costs in decision-making, depending on the specific circumstances and the decision at hand.
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a customer orientation toward pricing implicitly invokes the concept of:____
A customer orientation toward pricing implicitly invokes the concept of value.
When customers consider pricing, they are inherently seeking value for their money. Value refers to the perceived benefits and worth that customers associate with a product or service in relation to its price. It goes beyond the monetary cost and encompasses factors such as quality, features, convenience, and customer service. A customer-oriented approach to pricing aims to strike a balance between the price charged and the value delivered to the customer. By offering competitive prices that align with the perceived value, businesses can enhance the customer experience, drive customer satisfaction, and foster loyalty.
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How assets, liabilities, provisions and foreign exchange
transactions are recorded in the books of manufacturing companies
?
At the date a foreign currency transaction occurs, each asset, liability, revenue, expense, gain, or loss arising from the transaction is recorded in the functional currency of the recording entity using the exchange rate in effect at that date.
What are the liabilities of a manufacturing company?
In the manufacturing sector, liabilities refer to funding that was utilized to initially purchase the assets needed to make the goods. Manufacturing enterprises typically exhibit one or more credit lines used to fund the purchase of working capital and raw materials in their short-term liabilities.
A limited liability public business with its main operations limited to mining or oil exploration is known as a no-liability firm. Since they are not entitled to calls on the outstanding issue price of shares, these businesses are known as "no-liability" firms.
A company's foundation is secure when liabilities and equity are properly balanced.
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Sheffield Co. sells $423,000 of 12% bonds on June 1, 2020. The bonds pay interest on December 1 and June 1. The due date of the bonds is June 1, 2024. The bonds yield 10%. On October 1, 2021, Sheffield buys back $131,130 worth of bonds for $136,130 (includes accrued interest). Give entries through December 1, 2022.
Prepare a bond amortization schedule using the effective-interest method for discount and premium amortization. Amortize premium or discount on interest dates and at year-end. (Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 38,548.)
To prepare a bond amortization schedule using the effective-interest method for discount and premium amortization, you can follow these steps:
Calculate the present value of the bonds using the yield rate of 10% and the cash flows of $42,300 per year for four years and a final payment of $423,000.
Record the purchase of the bonds on June 1, 2020.
Record the buyback of $131,130 worth of bonds on October 1, 2021.
Prepare an amortization schedule using the effective-interest method for discount and premium amortization.
Here’s an example of how to prepare an amortization schedule using the effective-interest method:
Date Cash Received Interest Expense Amortization Book Value
6/1/2020 $423,000
12/1/2020 $21,150 $42,300 ($21,150) $401,850
6/1/2021 $21,150 $40,185 ($18,150) $383,685
10/1/2021
12/1/2021 $21,150 $38,369 ($16,369) $365,316
6/1/2022 $21,150 $36,831 ($14,831) $346,485
12/1/2022 $21,150 $35,546 ($13,546) $327,939
The cash received column shows the amount of cash received from interest payments and bond buybacks.
The interest expense column shows the amount of interest expense calculated using the effective interest method.
The amortization column shows the amount of premium or discount amortized on each interest date and at year-end.
The book value column shows the book value of the bonds after each interest payment and bond buyback.
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Swifty Corporation estimates its sales at 300000 units in the first quarter and that sales will increase by 20000 units for each subsequent quarter during the year. The company has, and desires, an ending finished goods inventory equal to 25%. Each unit sells for $55. 40% of the sales are for cash. 70% of the credit customers pay within the quarter. The remainder is collected in the quarter following sale. Cash collections for the third quarter are budgeted at O $10648000 $18502000 O $21318000 O $15334000 A company has budgeted direct materials purchases of $310000 in July and $530000 in August. Past experience indicates that the company pays for 70% of its purchases in the month of purchase and the remaining 30% in the next month. All selling and administrative expenses are paid in cash as incurred. During August, the following items were budgeted Wages Expense $190000 Purchase of office equipment 63000 Selling and Administrative Expenses 51000 Depreciation Expense 43000 Budgeted cash disbursements for August are $717000 $464000 $768000 O $811000
To calculate the budgeted cash collections for the third quarter and the budgeted cash disbursements for August, we'll use the provided information.
Budgeted cash collections for the third quarter:
Calculate the cash sales for each quarter:
Cash sales = Sales units × Selling price × Cash sales percentage
First quarter cash sales = 300,000 × $55 × 40% = $6,600,000
Second quarter cash sales = (300,000 + 20,000) × $55 × 40% = $7,480,000
Third quarter cash sales = (300,000 + 20,000 + 20,000) × $55 × 40% = $8,360,000
Calculate the credit collections for each quarter:
Credit collections = Credit sales × Credit collection percentage
First quarter credit collections = (Sales units × Selling price) - First quarter cash sales
First quarter credit collections = (300,000 × $55) - $6,600,000 = $3,300,000
Second quarter credit collections = (300,000 + 20,000) × $55 × (1 - Cash sales percentage) × Credit collection percentage
Second quarter credit collections = (320,000 × $55) × (1 - 0.40) × 70% = $6,356,000
Third quarter credit collections = (320,000 + 20,000) × $55 × (1 - Cash sales percentage) × Credit collection percentage
Third quarter credit collections = (340,000 × $55) × (1 - 0.40) × 70% = $6,824,000
Calculate the total cash collections for the third quarter:
Total cash collections = Third quarter cash sales + Third quarter credit collections
Total cash collections = $8,360,000 + $6,824,000 = $15,184,000
Therefore, the budgeted cash collections for the third quarter are $15,184,000.
Budgeted cash disbursements for August:
Calculate the cash disbursements for purchases in July:
Cash disbursements for July purchases = July purchases × Payment percentage
Cash disbursements for July purchases = $310,000 × 70% = $217,000
Calculate the cash disbursements for purchases in August:
Cash disbursements for August purchases = August purchases × Payment percentage
Cash disbursements for August purchases = $530,000 × 30% = $159,000
Calculate the total cash disbursements for August:
Total cash disbursements = Cash disbursements for July purchases + Cash disbursements for August purchases + Selling and Administrative Expenses + Depreciation Expense + Purchase of office equipment
Total cash disbursements = $217,000 + $159,000 + $51,000 + $43,000 + $63,000 = $533,000
Therefore, the budgeted cash disbursements for August are $533,000.
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Alcoser Corporation's most recent balance sheet appears below. Comparative Balance Sheet Ending Beginning Balance Balance Assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 59 $ 30 Accounts receivable 42 45 Inventory 60 83 Property, plant, and equipment 590 513 Less accumulated depreciation 226 215 Total assets $ 525 $ 456 Liabilities and stockholders' equity: Accounts payable $ 50 $ 59 Accrued liabilities 26 25 Income taxes payable 22 37 Bonds payable 238 209 Common stock 84 78 Retained earnings 100 48 Total liabilities and equity 525 $ 456 Net income for the year was $64. Cash dividends were 512. The company did not dispose of any property, plant, and equipment. It did following questions pertain to the company's statement of cash flows. The net cash provided by used in operating activities for the year was. Multiple Choice O $83 $101 $55 ($19)
The comparative balance sheet of Alcoser Corporation shows the account balances for two years. The net cash provided by used in operating activities for the year was $101. Thus, the correct option is B) $101.
Based on the provided information, the net cash provided by used in operating activities for the year was $101.The net income for the year was $64, which does not reconcile with the change in the retained earnings. To determine the amount of retained earnings, add net income to the beginning balance and subtract any dividends. Retained earnings = Beginning retained earnings + Net income - Dividends Retained earnings = $48 + $64 - $512Retained earnings = -$400Negative retained earnings indicate that dividends declared and paid during the year exceeded the net income. So, the comparative balance sheet of Alcoser Corporation is unbalanced and it needs to be adjusted. It is necessary to change the retained earnings balance to -$400 to make it balance. Net cash provided by used in operating activities is calculated using the indirect method, which starts with net income and then makes adjustments to account for changes in non-cash balance sheet accounts and cash transactions that are not reported in the income statement.
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Which of the following is not a type of appraisal
participation?
A.Goal setting
B. time talked
C.Value-expressive voice
D.Opinion expression
E.Tow-way communication
Among the following options, the option that is not a type of appraisal participation is time talked. Hence, the correct option is B.
Appraisal participation is a term that describes a process used by employees and their supervisors to help workers develop new skills, enhance job performance, and improve work quality. During an appraisal, employees are evaluated based on predetermined standards. Appraisals are used to determine whether employees are meeting the company's goals and objectives. They also provide employees with the feedback they need to improve their job performance.
Types of appraisal participation:
Goal setting - Goals can be used as an appraisal tool in which the employee and supervisor collaborate to establish specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound (SMART) objectives that will help the employee achieve their job responsibilities.Value-expressive voice - This is a type of appraisal participation that refers to employees who use their voice to express their values, beliefs, or opinions about their job and their employer.Opinion Expression - During the appraisal process, employees can express their opinions about their job and their employer.Tow-way communication - Two-way communication is a type of appraisal participation that encourages open and honest communication between employees and supervisors.Time talked - This is not a type of appraisal participation. Value-expressive voice is a type of appraisal participation that refers to employees who use their voice to express their values, beliefs, or opinions about their job and their employer. This form of communication is important because it helps employees feel valued and heard. It also provides the employer with valuable feedback that can be used to improve employee job satisfaction and retention.You can learn more about appraisal performance at: https://brainly.com/question/15169473
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