Answer:
O LLC
Explanation:
Owners of a limited liability company, LLC are called its members. An LLC is formed by at least one member but has no upper limit. Members of an LLC may opt to get involved in managing business affairs. They enjoy unlimited liabilities to the debts of the entity. LLC members can be compared to the shareholders of a corporation.
Which categories of goods used by ordinary people are most affected by scarcity? Use examples from two of these categories and explain how the scarcity of these goods might arise and how this scarcity would affect most people.
Answer:
nondurable and consumer goods
Explanation:
Nondurable goods are affected by scarcity because their time life is limited. For example, if the capital goods required for its transportation or conservation of ice cream broke down, the product would ruin very easily.
Consumer goods are generally mass consumed. For example clothes are consumed by most of us during the year, but most of them are imported nowadays. Any trade barrier that delayed their supply would cause a rapid shortage.
Consider the following yields to maturity on various one-year zero-coupon securities: Security: Treasury AAA Corporate BBB Corporate B Corporate Yield (%): 4.6 4.8 5.6 6.2 The price (expressed as a percentage of the face value) of a one-year, zero-coupon, corporate bond with a BBB rating is closest to:
Answer:
94.70%
Explanation:
The computation of the price expressed as a percentage of the face value is given below:
= Price ÷ Face value × 100
= (Face value ÷ (1 + YTM)) ÷ Face value × 100
= ($1,000 ÷ (1 + 5.6%)) ÷ ($1,000) × 100
= $946.97 ÷ $1,000 × 100
= 94.70%
Hence, the price expressed as a percentage of the face value is 94.70%
Here we assume the face value be $1,000
In a certain manufacturing industry, some amount of air pollution is
unavoidable. What would be a reasonable CSR approach for a business to
take in light of this fact?
A. Limit the pollution as much as possible, and invest in research into
new production methods that would be more environmentally
friendly.
B. Because some pollution is unavoidable, the business need not
concern itself with spending money in better equipment and
technology.
C. Because the air pollution is unavoidable, the business should
move into a different field of industry if they are truly committed to
CSR values.
D. Because the pollution is unavoidable, consumers will not holly the
company responsible; the company has no need to implement any
costly practices.
Answer:
Limit the pollution as much as possible, and invest in research into
new production methods that would be more environmentally
friendly.
Which of the following is disclosed separately in a statement of cash flows using the indirect method?
A. Cash received from customers
B. Cash paid to employees and other suppliers
C. Increase in retained earnings for the period
D. Net income
Answer:
C. Increase in retained earnings for the period
Explanation:
The Standard that deals with the Presentation and discloser of Cash flow statement (IAS7) requires that the items that do not involve the use of cash must be disclosed separately. That means item C , increases in retained earnings for the period is disclosed separately since it does not involve the use of cash.
A statement of cash flows is refer to the financial statement that shows how changes are made in the balance sheet accounts and how income affect cash and cash equivalents.
A statement of cash flows
Correct option is C.
In indirect method no general cash receipts ad cash payments in operating cash flow is shown, it relates to displaying adjustments in net income, and changes in working capital etc.
In indirect method the accountant adjust various factors like non cash transactions from the net income of the year.
Therefore, Correct option is C.
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Sorting forms of payments
Q; Sort the forms of payment into the two categories
Answer down below
Have money at time of purchase
- cash
- debit card
- check
Borrow money to make purchase
- credit card
Answer:
Have money at time of purchase.
Cash
For cash to be used to purchase something, the person must already have the required amount of cash in their possession already.
Debit Card.
Debit cards pay for purchases by using funds in the owner's bank account. This means that for a purchase to be processed, the owner must have funds in their account in the first place.
Check
This works much like the debit card above. If one wants to use a check, their bank account needs to have funds at the time of purchase so that the funds can pay for the purchase.
Borrow money to make a purchase
Credit Card
Credit card represent a debt owed to the issuing company that will need to be paid off eventually. This means therefore that whenever you use a credit card to make a purchase, you are borrowing the money used to fund the purchase.
Harrison Company maintains a checking account at the First National City Bank. The bank provides a bank statement along with canceled checks on the last day of each month. The July 2018 bank statement included the following information:
Balance, July 1, 2018 $56,428
Deposits 180,100
Checks processed (193,210 )
Service charges (60 )
NSF checks (1,500 )
Monthly loan payment deducted directly by bank from account (includes $520 in interest) (3,620 )
Balance, July 31, 2018 $38,138
The company's general ledger account had a balance of $38,918 at the end of July. Deposits outstanding totaled $6,300 and all checks written by the company were processed by the bank except for those totaling $8,420. In addition, a $2,000 July deposit from a credit customer was recorded as a $200 debit to cash and credit to accounts receivable, and a check correctly recorded by the company as a $30 disbursement was incorrectly processed by the bank as a $300 disbursement.
Required:
a. Prepare a bank reconciliation for the month of July.
b. Prepare the necessary journal entries at the end of July to adjust the general ledger cash account.
Answer:
A. Corrected bank balance $35,538
Corrected cash balance $35,538
B. 1. Dr Cash 1,800
Cr Accounts receivable 1,800
2.Dr Miscellaneous expense (Bank service charges) 60
Dr Accounts receivable (NSF Check) 1,500
Dr Interest expense 520
Cr Cash 2,080
Explanation:
a. Preparation of a bank reconciliation for the month of July.
BANK RECONCILATION STATEMENT
Bank balance to correct balance
Balance per bank statement $38,138
Add: Deposits outstanding 6,300
Add: Bank error in recording check (300-30) 270
Deduct: Checks outstanding ($8,420)
Corrected bank balance $35,538
Book balance to corrected balance
Balance as per books $38,918
Add: Error in recording cash receipt (2,000-200) 1,800
Deduct: NSF checks (1,500)
Deduct: Automatic monthly loan payment (3,620)
Deduct: Service charges (60)
Corrected cash balance 35,538
b. Preparation of the necessary journal entries at the end of July to adjust the general ledger cash account.
1. Dr Cash 1,800
Cr Accounts receivable 1,800
(Being To record the correct error in recording cash receipt)
2.Dr Miscellaneous expense (Bank service charges) 60
Dr Accounts receivable (NSF Check) 1,500
Dr Interest expense 520
Cr Cash 2,080
(To record credit to cash)
In Marubeni America Corp. v. United States, the federal appellate court ruled that the Nissan Pathfinder was, for tariff classification purposes a motor vehicle for the transport of passengers. The classification of goods is significant because: Question 16 options: A) the fair value will vary depending on the classification B) the subsidy will vary depending on the classification C) the tariffs will vary depending on the classification D) the dumping duty will vary depending on the classification
Answer: the tariffs will vary depending on the classification.
Explanation:
Tariff is a form of tax that is usually imposed on the imports that are brought from other countries to a particular country.
With regards to information provided in the question, the classification of goods is significant because the tariffs will vary depending on the classification.
Allyson Cooke is a union member and an employee of a company that manufactures surgical equipment. She believes she has a grievance because her supervisor made her work an hour longer than usual for several days and has refused to pay her any overtime. Cooke should contact her _____, who represents union members to management when workers have complaints.
Answer: national union president
Explanation:
Since she wasn't paid for overtime, Cooke should contact her national union president, who represents union members to management when workers have complaints.
The aim of the national union is to seek solution to any challenges that are faced by their members. The union also make sure that their members have a comfortable working environment that is safe and also help on negotiating for better pay.
Identify whether each of the following statements best illustrates the concept of consumer surplus, producer surplus, or neither.
Statement Consumer Surplus Producer Surplus Neither
Even though I was willing to pay up to $49 for a jersey sweater, I bought a jersey sweater for only $39.
I sold a used laptop for $106, even though I was willing to go as low as $100 in order to sell it.
I sold a watch for $52 on eBay last week. This week, someone offered me $110 for
Answer:
Consumer surplus
Producer surplus
Neither
Explanation:
Consumer surplus is the difference between the willingness to pay of a consumer and the price of the good.
Consumer surplus = willingness to pay – price of the good
I was willing to pay $49 for the sweater but paid $39, thus the consumer surplus is $10
Producer surplus is the difference between the price of a good and the least price the seller is willing to sell the product
Producer surplus = price – least price the seller is willing to accept
The least amount i was willing to sell my laptop is $100 but i was paid $106 for it. The producer surplus is $6
The third statement is not about consumer or producer surplus. There is no information on the least amount the seller was willing to accept or the highest amount the consumer was willing to sell
What are the costs and sources of inefficiency in a barter B apply.) A. Productivity is increased by specialization. B. Each good has only one price. C. There is increased time and effort spent looking for trading partners. D. There is a lack of standardization. E. There is difficulty in accumulating wealth. OF. Transactions costs are almost always high.
Answer:
C)There is increased time and effort spent looking for trading partners.
D)There is a lack of standardization.
E)There is difficulty in accumulating wealth.
Explanation:
barter in a trade can be regarded as a system of exchange that involves exchange of goods and services for another without using money as a medium of exchange. Barter is been considered as 'inefficient' as a result of the needs for 'double coincidence of wants'. For instance in a situation whereby someone is buying particular amount of another's goods, but the payment he/she has is for just one indivisible unit of another good, and the worth is higher than what he/she want to obtain, in this case there won't be barter transaction.
It should be noted that the costs and sources of inefficiency in a barter are;
✓There is increased time and effort spent looking for trading partners.
✓There is a lack of standardization.
✓There is difficulty in accumulating
An insurance company accepts an obligation to pay 10,000 at the end of each year for 2 years. The insurance company purchases a combination of the following two bonds at a total cost of X in order to exactly match its obligation: 1-year 4% annual coupon bond with a yield rate of 5% 2-year 6% annual coupon bond with a yield rate of 5% Calculate X.
Answer:
$18,594.10
Explanation:
Insurance company has to pay $10,000 for two year with rate of 5% since market rate remain same in both the bond.
X = PV (PMT, N, I/Y)
X = PV(10000, 2, 5)
X = 18594.1043
X = $18,594.10
Novak Corp. bought equipment on January 1, 2022. The equipment cost $390000 and had an expected salvage value of $35000. The life of the equipment was estimated to be 5 years. The company uses the straight-line method of depreciation. The book value of the equipment at the beginning of the third year would be
Answer:
$177,000
Explanation:
In order to find the book value of the equipment we need to find the amount of depreciation per year. To do this we need to subtract the salvage value from the initial cost and then simply divide by 5 which is the life span of the equipment...
(390,000 - 35,000) / 5 = x
355,000 / 5 = x
71,000 = x
Now we see that the equipment will depreciate by $71,000 per year. In three years the depreciation would be
71,000 * 3 = 213,000
Now we simply subtract this value from the initial cost to get the book value in the third year
390,000 - 213,000 = 177,000
What is one key advantage to an employer-sponsored retirement plan?
Answer:
An employee's funds grow tax deferred in the plan. They don't pay taxes on investment earnings until they withdraw their money from the plan. An employee will pay income taxes and possibly an early withdrawal penalty if they withdraw their money from the plan.
Explanation:
I hope this helps. :D
One key advantage of an employer-sponsored retirement plan is the opportunity for employees to receive matching contributions from their employer.
Many employers offer a matching contribution as part of their retirement plan, which means that for every dollar an employee contributes to their retirement account, the employer will also contribute a certain amount, up to a specified limit.
This matching contribution is essentially free money provided by the employer to help employees save for retirement. It serves as an additional incentive for employees to participate in the retirement plan and contribute to their own savings.
Hence, The matching contribution is the key advantage to an employer-sponsored retirement plan.
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Catherine Jones has determined the following information about her own financial situation. Her checking account is worth $750 and her savings account is worth $1,900. She owns her own home that has a market value of $91,000. She has furniture and appliances worth $11,000 and a laptop worth $3,300. She has a car worth $11,500. She has recently purchased a mutual fund worth $5,500 and she has a retirement account worth $37,000. What is the total value of her assets
Answer:
$150,450
Explanation:
With regards to the above, her assets are: checking account, savings account, Home, furniture and appliances, laptop, mutual fund, car and retirement account.
= $750 + $1,900 + $91,000 + $11,000 + $3,300 + $5,500 + $37,000
= $150,450
Therefore, the total value of her asset is $150,450
Stevens Company's inventory on March 1 and the costs charged to Work in Process—Department B during March are as follows:
Beginning work in process, 12,000 units, 60% completed $62,400
From Department A, 55,000 units started this period
Direct materials added 115,500
Direct labor incurred 384,916
Factory overhead incurred 138,000
During March, all direct materials were transferred from Department A, the units in process at March 1 were completed, and of the 55,000 units entering the department, all were completed except 6,000 units that were 70% completed. Inventories are costed by the first-in, first-out method.
Required:
Prepare a cost of production report for March.
Solution :
Particulars Direct materials Conversions
Cost per equivalent unit
Total costs for month March in Department B 115500 522915
Total equivalent units 55000 58000
Cost per equivalent unit 2.10 9.0158
So, total conversion cost for March in the Department B
= 384915 + 138000
= $ 522915
Costs charged to production:
Direct Materials Conversion Total cost
Costs costs
Inventory in process, March 1 62400
Cost incurred in March 638415
Total costs accounted by the department 700815
Therefore, the cost incurred in March = 115500 + 384915 + 138000
= $ 638415
Claremore Industries uses a weighted-average process-costing system. All materials are added at the beginning of the process; conversion costs are incurred evenly throughout production. The company finished 40,000 units during the period and had 15,000 units in progress at year-end, the latter at the 40% stage of completion. Total material costs amounted to $220,000; conversion costs were $414,000. The cost of the ending work in process is:
Answer: $78000
Explanation:
First, we have to calculate the total.costnoer equivalent unit which will be the addition of the material cost per unit and the conversion cost per unit. This will be:
Material cost per unit = $220,000 / (40,000+15,000)
= $220,000 / 55000
= $4
Conversion cost per unit= $414,000 / (40,000 + (15,000*40%)
= $414000 / 46000
= $9
Therefore, total cost per equivalent unit will be: $4 + $9 = $13
Then, the equivlant unit of the ending work in process would be calculated as:
= 15,000 × 40%
= 15000 × 40/100
= 15000 × 0.4
= 6,000
The cost of the ending work in process will then be:
= 6,000 × $13
= $78,000
Analyze the role individual team members and leaders play in ensuring or detracting from team success. In the analysis, considering the advantages and disadvantages of the team effectiveness model (Exhibit 7.2). For example, what would be some of the effective and ineffective individual and leadership behaviors regarding team environmental, design, process, and effectiveness practices
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Unfortunately, you did not attach the team effectiveness model (Exhibit 7.2). You did not a link or picture of it.
However, trying to help you, we can comment on the following model.
We are going to use the Katzenbach and Smith Team Model.
This team effectiveness model has three important components at the base of the pyramid: collective work product, commitment, and personal growth.
From there, the next level indicates the specific goals of the team, the ground rules, the common approach, and the meaningful purpose of the team.
Going up the pyramid we have the Skills and Accountability.
In the Skills, the authors include interpersonal skills, technical skills, and problem-solving abilities. Regarding Accountability, the authors include mutual and personal accountability.
At the very top of the pyramid, we have the performance results.
This model helps to establish the foundation of the role individual team members and leaders play in ensuring team success.
For this to happen, leaders have to set the example of the n¿behavior they like to observe on team members. On the other hand, setting that example, team members are expected to follow through with the goals and expectations, following high standards of performance to accomplish goals.
Over the past decade, many American candy companies have opened factories in Mexico and Canada to produce candy. The companies, including Hershey Company, Brach's Confections, and Ferrara Pan, then ship candy back to the United States for sale. Although lower wages in Mexico might explain part of this move, wages in Canada are comparable to U.S. wages. Price floors (price supports) for the sugar industry encouraged American candy companies to move production out of the United States. Describe how the enactment of a sugar price floor impacted the market for candy in the United States, resulting in the movement of manufacturing.
Answer:
The sugar industry in the US is very powerful and has been able to establish trade barriers and import quotas that affect domestic prices. Sugar prices in the US are extremely high compared to prices in any other country, including Canada, Mexico, China, European nation, i.e. American sugar is the most expensive in the world.
Besides imposing trade barriers, the government also imposes a binding price floor. Binding price floors always result in deadweight losses since the quantity demanded is lower than equilibrium. This is why American candy manufacturers move their production overseas. the highest cost in the candy industry is actually sugar, and wherever they decide to relocate their factories it will always be cheaper.
In a month, Carlos can produce a maximum of either 30 bushels of pears or 15 bushels of apples, or any linear combination in between. Similarly, Donna can produce a maximum of either 20 bushels of pears or 5 bushels of apples, or any linear combination in between.
a. What is the opportunity cost for Carlos to produce one more bushel of apples in terms of pears?
b. What is the opportunity cost for Donna to produce one more bushel of apples in terms of pears?
c. What would Donna and Carlos agree to as acceptable terms of trade?
Answer:
a. What is the opportunity cost for Carlos to produce one more bushel of apples in terms of pears?
opportunity cost to produce 1 more bushel of apples = 30 / 15 = 2 bushels of pears
b. What is the opportunity cost for Donna to produce one more bushel of apples in terms of pears?
opportunity cost to produce 1 more bushel of apples = 20 / 5 = 4 bushels of pears
c. What would Donna and Carlos agree to as acceptable terms of trade?
Donna has a comparative advantage in the production of pears, so she should produce pears and exchange them for apples produced by Carlos.
Any range between 1-2 pears (higher than 1, but lower than 2) exchanged for every apple would result in mutually beneficial trade.
A firm produces truffles by using labor and capital. The price of labor is $10 per unit, and the price of capital is $20 per unit. At current output level, the marginal product of labor is 40 truffles and the marginal product of capital is 60 truffles. To reduce the total cost of producing the current quantity of truffles, how should the firm change its spending on labor and capital
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
With the information given in the question, the firm should change its spending on labor and capital by increasing its labor and at thesame time, also reducing capital.
This is because since the marginal product of labor is 40 truffles and the price of labor is $10 per unit, it means that 4 truffles/dollar is being spent on labor, while for capital, 3 truffles/dollar is being spent.
The name for a variety of methods used to examine how an amount will change if factors involved in predicting that amount change is: Cost analysis. Cost-volume-profit analysis. Sensitivity analysis. Contribution margin analysis. Factor analysis.
Answer:
Sensitivity analysis.
Explanation:
Sensitivity analysis studies how an economic variable would change due to changes in one of the input variables.
Due to the fact that the future is uncertain, it would be wise to accommodate a varying range of scenarios to be able to be well prepared for the future.
Sensitivity analysis involves changing one input at a time to determine how they would affect results.
For example, in determining NPV, there can be different ranges of discount rate
f
Many investment advisors argue that after stocks have declined in value for 2 consecutive years, people should invest heavily because the market rarely declines 3 years in a row. a) Since the stock market began in 1872, there have been two consecutive losing years eight times. In six of those cases, the market rose during the following year. Does this confirm the advice
Answer: Yes it does
Explanation:
The investment advisors say that the market rarely declines three years in a row.
Since 1872, it has declined two years in a row 8 times and three years in a row, only twice.
This means out of 8 times, it declined twice. Percentage of times it declined was:
= 2 / 8 * 100%
= 25%
25% while not rare, is a good enough percentage to trust the advice of the investment advisors.
The cost allocation method most widely used because of its accuracy and ability to provide a detailed level of analysis is: Joint product costing. Accounting approach. Activity-based approach. Direct approach. Departmental approach.
Answer:
Activity-based approach.
Explanation:
Cost allocation in financial accounting can be defined as the process of identifying, gathering and assigning of cost across multiple cost objects such as products, inventory or departments.
There are various types of cost allocation methods and these are;
1. Sequential method.
2. Activity-based management method.
3. Reciprocal services method.
4. Direct method.
The cost allocation method most widely used because of its accuracy and ability to provide a detailed level of analysis is activity-based approach.
This ultimately implies that, activity-based approach gives entrepreneurs or employers all the necessary information on the actual cost of manufacturing, service delivery and other tasks associated with the business. Under the activity-based approach, the relationship between time and cost measurement is used to determine the cost price of goods and services.
Imagine that you and a friend have developed a new sneaker and would like to manufacture the sneaker and sell it to Foot Locker. In a paragraph state what form of business organization you would select for your company and why. Be specific and include some advantages and
disadvantages of the organization you chose and those that you did not choose.
Answer:
biasnnsjzsnsnjsksslsllshsbsbjzkzmsnam
Marcus was offered a job as a senior manager by Super Corp. The offer, which was made over the phone, was for a three-year contract for $120,000 salary per year. Marcus orally accepted, there was no writing. The state in which Marcus was offered the job requires that such contracts be in writing. Marcus quit his current job, which paid $75,000 a year, and headed to the state where Super Corp was headquartered. When he arrived, the director at Super Corp who had originally offered him the job said that they were revoking and that there was no contract, as Marcus never signed an employment agreement. If Marcus sues Super Corp, what is the likely result
,Answer:
-Marcus is owed something by Super Corp because he relied reasonably and to his detriment on Super Corp's offer.
Explanation:
Employment contracts can be written, oral, or implied and each of these are binding to some extent.
In the given instance it is required that employment should be written in the state where Super Corp operates.
So Marcus will not be able to compel them to give him a job as the offer was made and accepted orally.
However the offer resulted in him quitting his current job, which paid $75,000 a year, and heading to the state where Super Corp was headquartered.
He relied on the offer to his detriment of losing his current job, so Super Corp owes him for the damages incurred
Data pertaining to the postretirement health care benefit plan of Danielson Delivery Service include the following for the current calendar year: Service cost $ 150,000 APBO, January 1 $ 800,000 Plan assets (fair value), January 1 $ 80,000 Prior service cost (current year amortization, $2,000) $ 90,000 Retiree benefits paid (end of year) $ 90,000 Net gain (current year amortization, $1,000) $ 92,000 Contribution to health care fund (end of year) $ 85,000 Return on plan assets (actual and expected) 10 % Discount rate 8 % Required: 1. Determine Danielson's postretirement benefit expense for the current year.
Answer: $207,00
Explanation:
Postretirement benefit for the year is:
= Service cost + Interest cost + Amortization of prior service cost - Return on plant assets - Amortization of net gain
Interest cost = Discount rate * Actual Projected benefit obligation (APBO)
= 8% * 800,000
= $64,000
Return on plant assets = Return on plan assets (actual and expected)* Plan assets
= 10% * 80,000
= $8,000
Postretirement benefit = 150,000 + 64,000 + 2,000 - 8,000 - 1,000
= $207,000
Items from the 2015 income statement, statement of retained earnings, and balance sheet of Activision Blizzard, Inc., are listed below in alphabetical order. Solve for the missing amounts. (Loss amounts should be indicated with a minus sign.)
Activation Blizzard, Inc
Common Stock $3180
Dividends 130
Net Income (Loss)
Retained Earnings, Beginning of Year 3614
Retained Earnings, End of Year 5047
Total Assets 15,584
Total Expenses
Total Liabilities 7,357
Total Revenues 4,567
Answer and Explanation:
The computation of the missing amounts are shown below:
Common Stock $3,180
Dividends $130
Net income (loss) $1,563 (($5,047 - $3,614) + $130)
Retained earnings, beginning of year $3,614
Retained earnings, end of year $5,047
Total assets $15,584
Total expenses $3,004 ($4,567 - $1,563)
Total liabilities $7,357
Total revenues $4,567
Common Stock $3,180
Dividends $130
Net income (loss) $1,563 (($5,047 - $3,614) + $130)
Retained earnings, beginning of year $3,614
Retained earnings, end of year $5,047
Total assets $15,584
Total expenses $3,004 ($4,567 - $1,563)
Total liabilities $7,357
Total revenues $4,567
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Assume that a financial asset gives its owner the following cash flows which are invested using the compound interest method: year zero, 15,041 dollars outflow; year one, 44,780 dollars inflow; year two, 15,784 dollars inflow; year three, 52,390 dollars inflow; year four: 13,458 dollars inflow. Given that the current yield required for similar financial assets is 6% per year, compute the value of this asset at time 3 taking into account past and future cash flows. (note: round your answer to the nearest cent and do not include spaces, currency signs, or commas)
Answer:
$114,218.
Explanation:
Year 0, cash outflow = $15,041
Year 1, cash inflow = $44,780
Year 2, cash inflow = $15,784
Year 3, cash inflow = $52,390
Year 4, cash inflow = $13,458
R = 6%
Value of the asset in year 3 = -15,041*(1+6%)^3 + 44,780*(1+6%)^2 + 15,784*(1+6%) + 52,390 + 13,458/(1+6%)
Value of the asset in year 3 = -15,041*1.191016 + 44,780*1.1236 + 15,784*1.06 + 52,390 + 13,458/1.06
Value of the asset in year 3 = -17,914.07 + 50,314.81 + 16,731.04 + 52,390 + 12,696.23
Value of the asset in year 3 = $114,218.01
During 2020, Starnes Corporation developed a patent. Starnes incurred the following costs related to the development of the patent: tests to perfect the use of the patent for production processes, $9,600; research costs in the research laboratory, $33,600; and depreciation on equipment (that has alternative future uses) used in developing the patent, $6,400. In addition, in late December 2020, the company incurred legal fees for the patent registration, $11,200. The expected life of the patent is 20 years. On September 30, 2021, Starnes Corporation defended its patent in court after incurring legal fees of $4,800. The total estimated life of the patent at that time was adjusted to 15 years remaining from September 30, 2021.
Record journal entries for the following items.
a. Patent development and registration costs incurred in 2020.
b. Legal fees paid in 2021.
c. Amortization expense in 2021.
d. Amortization expense in 2022c. Amortization expense in 2021.
Answer:
a. Patent development and registration costs incurred in 2020.
Dr Patent 11,200 (only patent registration fees)
Dr Research and development expense 49,600
Cr Accumulated depreciation 6,400
Cr Cash 54,400
b. Legal fees paid in 2021.
Dr Patent 4,800
Cr Cash 4,800
c. Amortization expense in 2021.
Dr Amortization expense 607.50
Cr Patent 607.50
($11,200/20 x 9/12) + ($15,000/20 x 3/12) = $607.50
d. Amortization expense in 2022
Dr Amortization expense 750
Cr Patent 750
a. Patent development and registration costs incurred in 2020.
Dr Patent 11,200
Dr Research and development expense 49,600
Cr Accumulated depreciation 6,400
Cr Cash 54,400
b. Legal fees paid in 2021.
Dr Patent 4,800
Cr Cash 4,800
c. Amortization expense in 2021.
Dr Amortization expense 607.50
Cr Patent 607.50 ($11,200/20 x 9/12) + ($15,000/20 x 3/12)
d. Amortization expense in 2022
Dr Amortization expense 750
Cr Patent 750
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A manufacturing company applies factory overhead based on direct labor hours. At the beginning of the year, it estimated that factory overhead costs would be $348,400 and direct labor hours would be 47,000. Actual manufacturing overhead costs incurred were $304,000, and actual direct labor hours were 52,400. The journal entry to apply the factory overhead costs for the year would include a
Answer:
Journal Entry
Debit Work-in-Process $388,284
Credit Manufacturing Overhead $388,284
To record the application of factory overhead costs for the year.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Estimated factory overhead costs = $348,400
Estimated direct labor hours = 47,000
Predetermined overhead rate = $7.41 ($348,400/47,000)
Actual overhead costs = $304,000
Actual direct labor hours = 52,400
Applied overhead costs = $388,284 (52,400 * $7.41)
b) The overhead applied to the production for the year will be the actual direct labor hours by the predetermined overhead rate. This yields a cost that is greater than the actual overhead costs, which means that the manufacturing overhead was overapplied. The cause of this situation is the number of actual direct labor hours worked vis-a-vis the actual overhead costs and the predetermined rate.