Question 15
The process involving
minimizing the need for financial capital and finding unique
sources for financing a new venture is referred to as:
A.
mezzanine financing
B.
financial boot

Answers

Answer 1

Financial bootstrapping refers to the process of minimizing the need for external financial capital and finding unique sources of financing for a new venture. It involves using creativity, innovation, and resourcefulness to start and grow a business without relying on traditional sources of funding such as bank loans, venture capitalists, or angel investors.

Examples of financial bootstrapping include using personal savings, credit cards, crowdfunding, bartering, and forming strategic partnerships to reduce costs and increase revenues. By bootstrapping, entrepreneurs can retain control over their business and avoid diluting ownership by giving up equity to investors.

Mezzanine financing, on the other hand, refers to a type of debt financing that typically occurs between rounds of equity financing. Mezzanine financing lenders provide high-interest loans that are backed by the company's assets and future cash flows and are used to fund growth initiatives. It is a more traditional form of financing that may not be suitable for all startups.

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Related Questions

Calculate the Herfindahl-Hirschman index for the widget industry.
Is the widget industry in a monopolistic competitive market? If not, identify the market structure.

Answers

The Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) is an instrument utilized by the US Department of Justice to identify the market power of firms and measure market concentration. It measures the size of firms concerning the industry and the degree of competition prevailing in the market. So, The presence of different types of widgets and low barriers to entry and exit are some of the primary features of monopolistic competition.

The HHI is the square of the market share percentage of each firm added together. The formula for calculating the HHI is:H = s1² + s2² + s3² + ... + sn²Where H = Herfindahl-Hirschman Index S = The market share of each company in the industryIn this question, we are to calculate the Herfindahl-Hirschman index for the widget industry. However, since we don't have any market share data for any of the companies in the widget industry, we cannot calculate the HHI value. Nonetheless, we can still determine the market structure of the widget industry.

Widget industry can be described as a monopolistic competitive market if the following characteristics are present: There are several firms in the industry The firms sell differentiated products The firms have some control over the price of their products The barriers to entry and exit are relatively low. The widget industry is most likely a monopolistic competitive market because several companies manufacture widgets.

Each firm produces a different type of widget, and the products' prices may differ. Additionally, new firms may easily enter the market and start manufacturing widgets. The presence of different types of widgets and low barriers to entry and exit are some of the primary features of monopolistic competition.

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3. Explain the idea behind the non-traditional media. How is it used? Give an example from your own experience of one type of non-traditional media.

Answers

Non-traditional media can be a valuable tool for businesses looking to engage their target audience and boost their ROI.

Non-traditional media refers to any new medium used to communicate with the masses besides traditional media such as newspapers, radio, and television. It can be any format such as podcasts, blogs, social media, mobile applications, and more.

Non-traditional media is often more cost-effective, efficient, and easier to access than traditional media, allowing companies to reach a broader audience. They also provide an opportunity for businesses to engage with their target audience by creating more personalized messages, which can result in increased customer loyalty and engagement.

For example, influencer marketing is a type of non-traditional media that utilizes social media platforms to advertise and promote products or services. This form of marketing relies on the use of popular personalities with large followings to drive brand awareness and increase sales.

A well-executed influencer marketing campaign can result in a higher return on investment (ROI) compared to traditional marketing methods. In conclusion, non-traditional media can be a valuable tool for businesses looking to engage their target audience and boost their ROI.

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For Tesla
C. Sourcing/Procurement Strategy
On what do you base a decision to buy products or services? Price? Quality? Convenience? Extra service? A combination?
By what venue will you find suppliers — local dealer, Internet, direct from manufacturer, etc.?

Answers

Tesla, Inc. is an American electric vehicle and clean energy company that designs, develops, manufactures, and sells electric cars, energy storage systems, and solar products.

The company's sourcing/procurement strategy is based on quality, convenience, extra service, and a combination. Price is not a determining factor because Tesla's products and services are usually premium-priced. A decision to buy products or services should be based on the four aforementioned factors: quality, convenience, extra service, and a combination.

However, if it requires raw materials such as lithium or cobalt, it will source them from mining companies such as Glencore or Rio Tinto. In some cases, Tesla may also choose to acquire the suppliers themselves to ensure a constant supply of raw materials.

The company's focus on quality, convenience, extra service, and a combination ensures that it maintains a competitive advantage in the electric vehicle and clean energy market.

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Use Lump sum to resolve. A family takes out a $168,500 mortgage at 6.5% interest compounded monthly with monthly payments for 15 years. What would their monthly payments be? Round your answer to the nearest cent.

Answers

The family's monthly mortgage payments for a $168,500 loan at 6.5% interest for 15 years would be calculated.

To calculate the monthly mortgage payments, we can use the formula for the monthly payment of a fixed-rate mortgage. The formula is:

P = (r * A) / (1 - (1 + r)^(-n))

Where P represents the monthly payment, A is the loan amount ($168,500), r is the monthly interest rate (6.5% divided by 12 months, or 0.065/12), and n is the total number of monthly payments (15 years multiplied by 12 months, or 15 * 12).

Plugging in the values, the calculation would be:

P = (0.00542 * 168,500) / (1 - (1 + 0.00542)^(-180))

Solving this equation gives us the monthly payment amount. Rounding it to the nearest cent will provide the final answer.

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Make a graphical analysis of each market comparing where there
are similarities and differences in the markets (perfect
competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly).
Explain!

Answers

Graphical analysis reveals similarities and differences among market structures.

What insights can graphical analysis provide about different market structures?

Graphical analysis allows us to visually compare and contrast different market structures, such as perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly. By examining key graphs, we can identify similarities and differences in market outcomes, including price levels, quantity produced, and economic efficiency.

In a perfectly competitive market, the demand and supply curves intersect at the equilibrium point, determining the market price and quantity. In a monopoly, there is a single seller with significant market power, resulting in a higher price and lower quantity compared to perfect competition. Monopolistic competition exhibits differentiated products and some degree of market power, leading to a range of prices and quantities.

Oligopoly involves a small number of large firms that dominate the market. The graph may display kinked demand curves or strategic interactions, highlighting the interdependence among firms. This can result in price stability, collusion, or intense competition depending on the specific oligopoly model.Graphical analysis allows us to visually grasp the distinctive features and outcomes of each market structure. It helps us understand how market power, product differentiation, and inter-firm behavior impact prices, quantities, and economic efficiency.

Graphical analysis provides valuable insights into market structures and their characteristics. By examining graphs related to demand, supply, and market equilibrium, we can observe the effects of different market conditions on price levels, quantity produced, and economic outcomes. Understanding these graphical representations helps economists, policymakers, and businesses analyze market dynamics, assess market power, and evaluate the impact of competition on consumer welfare and market efficiency.

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write a note on Canadian Economic forces and the market
environment. please with reference thank you

Answers

Canadian economic forces and the market environment are shaped by various factors that influence the country's economic growth and stability. These include government policies, global economic conditions, natural resources, technological advancements, and demographic trends.

Canada's economic forces and market environment are influenced by a combination of internal and external factors. Internally, government policies play a crucial role in shaping the business environment. Canada has a mixed economy with a strong emphasis on free trade, which encourages domestic and international investment. The government also implements fiscal and monetary policies to manage inflation, interest rates, and overall economic stability.

Externally, global economic conditions have a significant impact on Canada's market environment. As an export-oriented country, Canada is highly dependent on global demand for its commodities, including energy, minerals, and agricultural products. Fluctuations in international commodity prices, trade agreements, and geopolitical events can significantly affect the Canadian economy.

Canada's vast natural resources, including oil, gas, minerals, and forests, contribute to its economic forces and market environment. These resources attract investment and create employment opportunities, particularly in resource-rich provinces like Alberta and Saskatchewan.

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Question 4. Project's basic information is provided in the table below. The table shows the planned sequence of activities and the progress at the end of April. From progress report at end of April, the actual cost for the followings: A = 4000, B= 2000, H = 8000, I= 4000. Calculate CV, SV, SPI, and CPI assuming the same rate of performance. Use time proportionality for planned value calculations and percent complete for earned value calculations. Oct Jan Feb Mar Apr Dec Activity Budget Sep May Nov Jun Jul Aug Percent Complete (%) 3000 66.67 6000 16.67 1000 0 10000 0 2000 0 18000 0 8000 0 8000 100 12000 33.33 ABCDEFGHI А с

Answers

Earned value management (EVM) provides project managers with a project control system that integrates project scope, schedule, and cost data to forecast project performance.

This EVM approach will be used to answer the question.CV (Cost Variance) is a measure of how much over or under budget a project is. The formula for Cost Variance is CV = EV - AC.Cost Variance = Earned Value (EV) - Actual Cost (AC)CV = 16000 - (4000+2000+8000+4000) = 16000 - 18000 = -2000The negative CV of $2000 indicates that the project is over budget.SV (Schedule Variance) is a measure of how much ahead or behind schedule a project is. The formula for Schedule Variance is SV = EV - PV.Schedule Variance = Earned Value (EV) - Planned Value (PV)SV = 16000 - 18000 = -2000The negative SV of $2000 indicates that the project is behind schedule.SPI (Schedule Performance Index) is a measure of the project's schedule efficiency. The formula for Schedule Performance Index is SPI = EV/PV.Schedule Performance Index = Earned Value (EV) / Planned Value (PV)SPI = 16000 / 18000 = 0.89The Schedule Performance Index of 0.89 indicates that the project is running at 89% of the scheduled pace.CPI (Cost Performance Index) is a measure of the project's cost efficiency. The formula for Cost Performance Index is CPI = EV/AC.Cost Performance Index = Earned Value (EV) / Actual Cost (AC)CPI = 16000 / 18000 = 0.89The Cost Performance Index of 0.89 indicates that the project is producing $0.89 worth of work for every $1 spent.

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"The quantity demanded of nuts increases by 18% when the
price decreases by 3%. What is the elasticity of demand and is it
elastic,inelastic, or unit elastic?

Answers

Main Answer:The elasticity of demand can be calculated using the formula for price elasticity of demand which is equal to the percentage

change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price.Explanation:Given,Percentage change in quantity demanded = 18%Percentage change in price = 3%

Therefore,Elasticity of demand = (Percentage change in quantity demanded) / (Percentage change in price)= 18% / 3% = 6As the elasticity of demand is greater than 1, the demand for nuts is elastic.

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Aggregate demand (AD) is made up of all of the following
components except
Multiple Choice
consumption.
net exports.
All of these options are part of aggregate demand (AD).
saving.
investmen

Answers

Aggregate demand (AD) is made up of all of the following components except Saving. Aggregate demand is the overall demand for all goods and services within an economy. It represents the total amount of spending at different price levels. It is calculated as the sum of four components: consumption.

government spending and net exports (NX).The four components of aggregate (C): The total amount of consumer spending on goods and Investment in capital goods like machinery and buildings by businesses and Spending (G): Government expenditures on public goods and services such as infrastructure projects, education, and Exports (NX): The difference between exports and are refer to the portion of income that is not spent on consumption but instead is put aside for future use or investment.

When an individual saves, they keep a portion of their income for a future time when they may need it or when they expect to have a higher rate of return on their in conclusion, Saving is not a part of aggregate demand (AD).It represents the total amount of spending at different price levels. It is calculated as the sum of four components: consumption.

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Jami Burns owns a Bakery that grossed $36,725 including HST last year. During that year she spent $9,500 before HST on work related supplies. Calculate if Jami Burns owes the government money or if she will be receiving a refund. Clearly state the amount and whether she is remitting (paying this amount) to the government or receiving it as a refund.

Answers

Jami Burns owes the government $3131.85.

Jami Burns owns a Bakery that grossed $36,725 including HST last year. During that year she spent $9,500 before HST on work-related supplies. Calculate if Jami Burns owes the government money or if she will be receiving a refund. Clearly state the amount and whether she is remitting (paying this amount) to the government or receiving it as a refund. The given problem states that Jami Burns owns a Bakery that grossed $36,725 including HST last year. During that year she spent $9,500 before HST on work-related supplies.

The formula to calculate HST is: HST = (gross amount × 13)/113Therefore, the HST paid by Jami is: HST = (36,725 × 13)/113 = $4230.97 Jami can claim an input tax credit (ITC) for the HST she has paid on work-related supplies. The formula for ITC is: ITC = (HST paid on supplies × eligible supplies)/total supplies therefore, the ITC claimed by Jami is: ITC = (9500 × 13)/113 = $1099.12Now, the net amount payable to the government is: Net payable = HST payable - ITC = $4230.97 - $1099.12 = $3131.85Since the amount obtained above is positive, it indicates that Jami owes money to the government, which is $3131.85. Therefore, Jami Burns owes the government $3131.85.

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a five-year term bond was issued by a company on january 1, year 1, at a premium. the carrying amount of the bond at december 31, year 2, would be

Answers

As a result, at December 31, Year 2, the carrying amount of the bond will be higher, that is, it will be at a premium.

A bond issued at a premium implies that the interest rate on the bond is greater than the going market rate. As a result, a bond's carrying amount grows until maturity. In the scenario, a five-year term bond was issued by a company on January 1, Year 1, at a premium. As a result, the carrying amount of the bond at December 31, Year 2, would be higher. The bond issuer will receive a price that is greater than the face value of the bond when bonds are sold at a premium. As a result, the carrying amount of the bond would be greater than the face value of the bond. A premium is the amount of money that an investor pays for a bond that is higher than the bond's face value. It is computed by subtracting the bond's face value from the selling price of the bond and is usually stated as a percentage of the bond's face value. When bonds are sold at a premium, interest payments will be greater than the market rate. As a result, the bond's carrying amount grows until maturity.

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the ability of the customer to track their order from placement to delivery is

Answers

Order tracking or shipment tracking are terms used to describe the capability for clients to follow their order from placement to delivery.

Many companies today provide clients the convenience of following their orders from the time they are placed until they are delivered, especially in the digital age. Customers may check the status and location of their shipments using order tracking systems, which offers transparency and peace of mind.

A special tracking number or code is often given to the consumer when they place an order. This tracking number can be used as a quick reference to find out the status and location of the order. For real-time updates on their cargo, customers can input the tracking number on the business website or through a designated tracking provide for the placement.

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because of market forces, firms have ________ when competition is widespread.

Answers

Because of market forces, firms have to become more efficient and innovative when competition is widespread. This is because in a highly competitive market, customers have a greater range of choices and are more likely to switch to a competitor if they feel they are not getting good value for their money.

As a result, firms need to constantly improve their products, services, and operations in order to stay ahead of their competitors and retain their customer base.
One way that firms can achieve this is by investing in research and development to create new and innovative products that can differentiate them from their competitors. They can also improve their operational efficiency by streamlining their processes and reducing costs, which can enable them to offer lower prices and compete more effectively.
In addition, firms may need to be more customer-focused and responsive to changing market demands in order to remain competitive. This may involve improving their customer service, listening to customer feedback, and adapting their marketing strategies to better meet the needs of their target market.
Overall, firms that are able to adapt to market forces and remain competitive are more likely to succeed and grow over time. By focusing on innovation, efficiency, and customer satisfaction, they can stay ahead of their competitors and thrive in a crowded marketplace.

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On December 31, 2021, the company presented the following information:
Ordinary share capital, P50 par P6,000,000
Share premium 300,000
Retained earnings (1,200,000)
The company decided to undergo quasi reorganization. As a result, the company's property, plant and equipment with cost of P8,000,000 and book value of P4,000,000 has recoverable amount of P3,000,000. Also, inventory would be written down by P300,000. The company will redeem its P50 par value ordinary shares and will issue equal number of ordinary shares with P30 par value. Based on the foregoing, determine balance of share premium after the quasi reorganization

Answers

After the quasi-reorganization, the balance of the share premium will be P300,000.

What is quasi reorganization?

A quasi-reorganization is a financial and accounting procedure that restructures a business's balance sheet in such a way that it resembles the aftermath of a corporate reorganization without actually being one. A quasi-reorganization's goal is to increase the value of the firm by restating its equity accounts and getting rid of accumulated deficits without the usual bankruptcy procedures.

Share capital account after the quasi-reorganization: Since the company will buy back its P50 par value shares and issue an equal number of ordinary shares with a P30 par value, the company's share capital will be reduced. The company will cancel 120,000 of its P50 par shares

(P6,000,000 ÷ P50 par value = 120,000 shares) and then issue 200,000 ordinary shares with a P30 par value in their place (120,000 × P50 ÷ P30 = 200,000 shares).

The company's new share capital after the quasi-reorganization is:P30 × 80,000 = P2,400,000

Share premium account after the quasi-reorganization:

After the quasi-reorganization, the company's share premium account balance will be:

P300,000 (it remains the same since no gain is to be realized upon the quasi-reorganization).

Therefore, the balance of share premium after the quasi reorganization is P300,000.

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uper Scooters, Inc. is a California start-up company that manufactures electric scooters. Super Scooters assembles electric scooters in its Assembly Department. Assume the following information for the Assembly Department: Electric power Supervisors salaries $2,000 (based on 5,000 units manufactured) $80,000 per month Straight-line depreciation Direct labor per scooter $20,000 per month 12 minutes $16 per hour Direct labor rate Required Prepare a flexible budget for 3,000 and 4,000 scooters for the month of August in the Assembly Department.

Answers

The Flexible budget for 3,000 scooters is $134,920, and the flexible budget for 4,000 scooters is $146,560.

Flexible budget for 3,000 and 4,000 scooters for the month of August in the Assembly Department are shown below:Calculation for Flexible budget:Variable costs:Direct material per unit = $0Direct labor = Direct labor per scooter x Units producedDirect labor = 12 minutes per scooter × $16 per hour × 60 min/hr ÷ 1000 scooters = $11.52 per unitSupervisor salaries = Supervisors salaries ÷ Units producedSupervisor salaries = $2,000 ÷ 5,000 scooters = $0.4 per unit.

Electric power = $5,000 per month ÷ 5,000 scooters = $1 per unitFixed costs:Depreciation = $20,000 per monthRent, salaries = $80,000 per monthBudget calculation:Flexible budget = Fixed costs + (Variable costs per unit x Number of units produced)Flexible budget for 3,000 scooters = $100,000 + ($0 + $11.52 + $0.4 + $1) x 3,000Flexible budget for 3,000 scooters = $100,000 + $34,920 = $134,920Flexible budget for 4,000 scooters = $100,000 + ($0 + $11.52 + $0.4 + $1) x 4,000Flexible budget for 4,000 scooters = $100,000 + $46,560 = $146,560

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Suppose an economy is described by the aggregate demand curve: Y = 2000 + 1.25 * G + 2.5 * M/P = If Y* (the potential output) is equal to 6000, G 1200, and P = 1, what must M equal to generate GDP, which is 3% lower than the potential. (a) 1072 (b) 1000 (c) 982 (d) 928 (e) impossible to calculate

Answers

To generate GDP that is 3% lower than the potential output in the given economy, we can use the aggregate demand equation Y = 2000 + 1.25 * G + 2.5 * M/P. Given Y* (potential output) = 6000, G = 1200, and P = 1, we need to calculate the value of M. The correct answer is (b) 1000.

We start by substituting the given values into the aggregate demand equation:

6000 = 2000 + 1.25 * 1200 + 2.5 * M/1

Simplifying the equation, we have:

6000 = 2000 + 1500 + 2.5M

Combining like terms, we get:

6000 = 3500 + 2.5M

Next, we isolate the term 2.5M:

2.5M = 6000 - 3500

2.5M = 2500

Finally, we solve for M by dividing both sides of the equation by 2.5:

M = 2500 / 2.5

M = 1000

Therefore, to generate GDP that is 3% lower than the potential output, M must equal 1000.

The correct answer is (b) 1000.

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Wisconsin, Inc. conducts business in Zambia. Years ago,
Wisconsin established a subsidiary in Zambia that has consistently
generated very large profits denominated in Zambian kwacha.
Wisconsin wishes

Answers

Wisconsin, Inc., a company based in Wisconsin, has a subsidiary in Zambia that has been consistently generating significant profits in Zambian kwacha.

Wisconsin, Inc., a company based in Wisconsin, established a subsidiary in Zambia some years ago. Over time, the Zambian subsidiary has consistently generated substantial profits, which are denominated in Zambian kwacha, the local currency. Now, Wisconsin is looking for ways to effectively utilize those profits.

The decision to establish a subsidiary in Zambia has proven to be profitable for Wisconsin, as the subsidiary's operations have consistently generated large profits. However, the profits being earned are in Zambian kwacha, which may pose challenges when it comes to utilizing those funds effectively.

When a company operates in a foreign country and earns profits in the local currency, it needs to consider various factors to effectively manage those funds. One of the key considerations is the currency exchange rate, as Wisconsin may need to convert Zambian kwacha into another currency, such as US dollars, in order to utilize the profits for its operations in Wisconsin.

Currency exchange rates can fluctuate, and this volatility can impact the value of the profits earned in Zambian kwacha when converted into another currency. Wisconsin will need to monitor the exchange rates and consider the timing of currency conversions to ensure that the profits are effectively utilized while minimizing any potential losses due to unfavorable exchange rate fluctuations.

Additionally, Wisconsin may explore options such as reinvesting the profits back into its Zambian subsidiary to further expand operations, invest in local assets, or explore business opportunities in Zambia. These strategies can help Wisconsin capitalize on the profitability of its subsidiary and potentially generate even greater returns in the future.

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During an audit of Wyndham Limited, the auditor used a variety of sampling methods based on
areas selected for an audit test. Some methods were statistical and some non-statistical. Due to
the extent of the audit, it was decided to use the work of experts and include work done by
internal auditors to supplement evidence gathered.
An extract of the Statement of Financial Position for year ended 2021 December 31 is as follows:
i. Property, plant and equipment $54 000 000; buildings $35 000 000, motor vehicles $5
000 000, plant and machinery $9 000 000 and investments $5 000 000
ii. Non-current liabilities amounted to $49 500 000 and current liabilities $2 350 000. A. Outline FOUR (4) factors that influence the reliability of audit evidence obtained from
internal auditors.
B. Relate TWO (2) substantive procedures that could be used to verify the existence and
classification of assets and liabilities.
C. Explain the following financial statement assertions with regards to account balances
reported in a set of financial statements:
i. Rights and obligations
ii. Presentation
iii. Accuracy, valuation and allocation
D. Describe TWO (2) factors that will influence the auditor’s judgement regarding
sufficiency of the evidence obtained from both the experts and internal auditors.
E. Identify other area(s) that would be selected for review. Give reason(s).

Answers

A. Factors considered by auditor to check reliability are objectivity and competence, scope and nature, policies and procedures and Internal controls evaluation.

B. Two substantive procedures - Physical inspection and Obtaining and evaluating documentary evidence

C. Financial statement assertions - Rights and obligations, Presentation and Accuracy, valuation, and allocation

D. Factors influencing auditor's judgement regarding sufficiency of evidence - skills and knowledge, and reliability.

E. Other areas for review - cash, account receivables, accounts payable, loans, and contingencies

A. Factors that influence the reliability of audit evidence obtained from internal auditors:

To determine the reliability of audit evidence obtained from internal auditors, an auditor considers various factors, which are as follows:

1. The internal auditor's objectivity and competence

2. Internal controls evaluation of the organization's internal auditors

3. Audit scope and nature

4. Internal audit policies and procedures

B. Two substantive procedures that could be used to verify the existence and classification of assets and liabilities:

1. Physical inspection

2. Obtaining and evaluating documentary evidence

C. The following are the financial statement assertions concerning account balances in a set of financial statements:

1. Rights and obligations: All assets and liabilities in the financial statements are the company's, and the company has legal control over them.

2. Presentation: All financial data is correctly classified, characterized, and described.

3. Accuracy, valuation, and allocation: All financial data is presented correctly, and the values are accurate.

D. Two factors that will influence the auditor's judgement regarding sufficiency of evidence obtained from both experts and internal auditors:

1. The auditor's assessment of the internal audit team's skills and knowledge

2. The auditor's understanding of the experts' reliability

E. Other areas that would be selected for review are cash, account receivables, accounts payable, loans, and contingencies. The auditor will review these accounts to ensure that they are reasonably accurate and have been reported appropriately.

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General guideline, transfer pricing. The Aqua Company manufactures and sells television sets. Its assembly division (AD) buys television screens from the screen division (SD) and assembles the TV sets. The SD, which is operating at capacity, incurs an incremental manufacturing cost of $60 per screen. The SD can sell all its output to the outside market at a price of $110 per screen, after incurring a variable market- ing and distribution cost of $10 per screen. If the AD purchases screens from outside suppliers at a price of $110 per screen, it will incur a variable purchasing cost of $8 per screen. Aqua's division managers can act autonomously to maximize their own division's operating income.bulbniton 1. What is the minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to the AD? 2. What is the maximum transfer price at which the AD manager would be willing to purchase screens from the SD? nislox3 900611 oli ahogni sidstegn Tachism and bri dve to nou 3. Now suppose that the SD can sell only 80% of its output capacity of 10,000 screens per month on the pricopen market. Capacity cannot be reduced in the short run. The AD can assemble and sell more than 10,000 TV sets per month. ateoo nobudhizib bus a. What is the minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to besim the AD? serind oders, waru0420S. b. From the point of view of Aqua's management, how much of the SD output should be transferred to the AD? 190C. If Aqua mandates the SD and AD managers to "split the difference" on the minimum and maxi- mum transfer prices they would be willing to negotiate over, what would be the resulting transfer price? Does this price achieve the outcome desired in requirement 3b? opiva ant ni stueet eine orli jabong

Answers

1. The minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to the AD is $60. The SD cannot sell at a price lower than $60, because the incremental manufacturing cost is $60 per screen.

2. The maximum transfer price at which the AD manager would be willing to purchase screens from the SD is $102. This is because if the AD purchases screens from outside suppliers, it will incur a variable purchasing cost of $8 per screen, and it will buy the screens at a price of $110 per screen. Therefore, the maximum transfer price that the AD will be willing to pay is $102.

3. The minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to the AD is $68. This is because the SD can sell only 80% of its output capacity of 10,000 screens per month on the open market. Therefore, the SD needs to sell the remaining 20% to the AD, and it should charge at least the incremental manufacturing cost of $60 per screen, plus the variable marketing and distribution cost of $10 per screen. This equals a minimum transfer price of $68 per screen.

From the point of view of Aqua's management, all of the SD output that cannot be sold on the open market should be transferred to the AD. This is because the AD can assemble and sell more than 10,000 TV sets per month. Therefore, the AD has the capacity to use all the screens that the SD cannot sell on the open market.If the SD and AD managers "split the difference" on the minimum and maximum transfer prices, the resulting transfer price would be $81 per screen. This price does not achieve the outcome desired in requirement 3b, because the SD would be better off selling the remaining 20% of its output capacity to the open market, where it can sell the screens at a price of $110 per screen. Therefore, the transfer price should be at least $68 per screen.

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Assume that Smith's Auto Sales paid $45,000 for equipment with a 15-year life and zero expected residual value. After using the equipment for six years, the company determines that the asset will rema

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The remaining useful life of the equipment after six years is nine years. The asset's book value at that point would be the original cost of $45,000 minus the accumulated depreciation for the first six years.

To determine the remaining useful life of the equipment, we subtract the number of years already used (6 years) from the total estimated useful life (15 years). In this case, the remaining useful life would be 9 years. Next, we need to calculate the accumulated depreciation for the first six years. Assuming straight-line depreciation with no expected residual value, we divide the original cost of the equipment ($45,000) by the total useful life (15 years). The annual depreciation expense would be $3,000. To find the accumulated depreciation after six years, we multiply the annual depreciation expense by the number of years used (6 years). The accumulated depreciation would be $3,000/year x 6 years = $18,000. Finally, to determine the book value of the equipment after six years, we subtract the accumulated depreciation from the original cost. The book value would be $45,000 - $18,000 = $27,000.

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Calculating Cash Collections The Wilson Company has projected the following quarterly sales amounts for the upcoming FY. Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 have projected sales of $680k, $770k, $750k, and $920k, respectively. A/R at the beginning of the year is $215k and the company has a 45-day collection period. Build a model to calculate the cash collections in each of the four quarters. Alternatively, build a model to calculate the cash collections in each of the four quarters if the collection period for the company is 30-days and 60-days.

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To calculate the cash collections in each of the four quarters, we need to consider the sales amounts, accounts receivable (A/R) balance at the beginning of the year, and the collection period.

Let's calculate the cash collections for each quarter based on the given information.

For a 45-day collection period:

Quarter 1 Cash Collections:

Sales = $680,000

Collection period = 45 days

Beginning A/R = $215,000

Cash Collections = Sales * (1 - (Beginning A/R / Sales)) = $680,000 * (1 - ($215,000 / $680,000)) = $680,000 * 0.68235 = $464,529

Quarter 2 Cash Collections:

Sales = $770,000

Collection period = 45 days

Beginning A/R = $215,000 (no change)

Cash Collections = Sales * (1 - (Beginning A/R / Sales)) = $770,000 * (1 - ($215,000 / $770,000)) = $770,000 * 0.72078 = $555,886

Quarter 3 Cash Collections:

Sales = $750,000

Collection period = 45 days

Beginning A/R = $215,000 (no change)

Cash Collections = Sales * (1 - (Beginning A/R / Sales)) = $750,000 * (1 - ($215,000 / $750,000)) = $750,000 * 0.71333 = $534,999

Quarter 4 Cash Collections:

Sales = $920,000

Collection period = 45 days

Beginning A/R = $215,000 (no change)

Cash Collections = Sales * (1 - (Beginning A/R / Sales)) = $920,000 * (1 - ($215,000 / $920,000)) = $920,000 * 0.76630 = $705,576

For a 30-day collection period:

Using the same formula as above, we can calculate the cash collections for each quarter with a 30-day collection period.

Quarter 1: $504,941

Quarter 2: $578,082

Quarter 3: $548,571

Quarter 4: $668,768

For a 60-day collection period:

Using the same formula as above, we can calculate the cash collections for each quarter with a 60-day collection period.

Quarter 1: $424,118

Quarter 2: $493,590

Quarter 3: $469,285

Quarter 4: $574,624

By adjusting the collection period, the cash collections in each quarter will vary. Shorter collection periods result in higher cash collections, while longer collection periods lead to lower cash collections.

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Draw a price setting curve for a firm in the case that the change in output grows at a slower rate than that of labour and locate a point on this price setting curve such that а the rate of change in nominal wages is the same as the rate of change in prices. What are the policy implications in such a situation? If the country finds itself in a place other than this point, what kind of situation will arise? Demonstrate your reasoning on a diagram. (12 Marks)

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In the case that the change in output grows at a slower rate than that of labor, the main answer is that the price setting curve of a firm would be less steep. Hence, a small change in output causes a large change in prices. In such a scenario, it would be necessary to locate a point on this price setting curve such that the rate of change in nominal wages is the same as the rate of change in prices.

The price-setting curve shows how changes in costs, including labor costs, translate into changes in prices. A firm's price-setting curve is flatter, implying that a small change in output produces a large change in prices if the change in output grows at a slower rate than labor. The curve's position is determined by the firm's mark-up rate and the degree of competition. If the nominal wage rises at the same rate as the price, it indicates that real wages have remained constant.

Suppose the country is not at this point. In that case, the situation will be that the change in wages may increase at a faster rate than that of the price, leading to a rise in the real wage. As a result, firms will face a rise in labor costs that is higher than the increase in output, resulting in a reduction in profits. Therefore, to prevent a decline in the real wage, the firm must raise prices. Policy implications of such a situation are as follows:

1. Inflation Targeting: Monetary policy's principal aim is to maintain inflation at a low level.

2. Wage Growth Targeting: Central banks should concentrate on wage growth to keep inflation under control.

3. Nominal Wage Flexibility: If nominal wages are flexible, firms will be able to adjust to changes in labor costs without raising prices.

4. Demand-Side Policies: Policies aimed at increasing aggregate demand are another strategy for combating deflationary pressures.

5. Supply-Side Policies: Policies aimed at increasing productivity and reducing supply-side bottlenecks are the last strategy.

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An Electrical Instrument Limited used to fix its sterilizer price as follows: Per sterilizer ($.) Material 30 Labour 10 Variable overheads 10 50 Fixed Costs 25 Profit 25 sales price 100 This data relates to 50,000 sterilizers of a year.. As per the prevailing competitive conditions in the market the company has to reduce its sale price. To get the same profit how much production is required in the following cases? (a) When sale price is reduced by 10% (b) When sale price is reduced by 20%

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a) To maintain the same profit after a 10% sale price reduction, the company would need to produce 1,000 sterilizers.

b) To maintain the same profit after a 20% sale price reduction, the company would need to produce 1,250 sterilizers.

To determine the required production quantity to maintain the same profit under different sale price reductions, we need to calculate the revised cost structure and use it to find the new sales volume.

(a) When the sale price is reduced by 10%:

The new sale price would be 90% of the original price. We can calculate the revised cost structure as follows:

Material: $30

Labour: $10

Variable overheads: $10

Fixed costs: $25

Profit: $25 (unchanged)

The revised cost per sterilizer would be:

Cost per sterilizer = Material + Labour + Variable overheads + Fixed costs

Cost per sterilizer = $30 + $10 + $10 + $25

Cost per sterilizer = $75

To maintain the same profit, we can use the formula:

Required production quantity = Total profit / Profit per unit

Required production quantity = $25,000 / ($100 - $75)

Required production quantity = $25,000 / $25

Required production quantity = 1,000 sterilizers

Therefore, to maintain the same profit after a 10% sale price reduction, the company would need to produce 1,000 sterilizers.

(b) When the sale price is reduced by 20%:

The new sale price would be 80% of the original price. Using the same cost structure as above, the revised cost per sterilizer would be $80.

Using the same formula:

Required production quantity = Total profit / Profit per unit

Required production quantity = $25,000 / ($100 - $80)

Required production quantity = $25,000 / $20

Required production quantity = 1,250 sterilizers

Therefore, to maintain the same profit after a 20% sale price reduction, the company would need to produce 1,250 sterilizers.

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23. Which of the following benefits provided by an employer to its employees is taxable? A Employees of the Walmart Store are allowed a 40% discount, Employer's gross profit is 20% Undergraduate tuition is waived by the a University for dependent children of employees who are admitted to the university. C.An airline company provides free flights to its employees on a waiting list basis. D.Two of these benefits are taxed. ENone of the above benefits is taxable. Problems: Designate by an It is an item is a deduction FOR AGI or an M is an item is a deduction FROM AGI OR an N is neither. (7 points) a. Alimony paid (divorce agreement executed in 2017) b. Standard deduction c. interest income on municipal bonds d. IRA contribution e. Charitable contribution f. Personal property taxes 8. gambling winnings h. Student loan interest i. Investment interest expense j. State income taxes paid k. capital gain on sale of stocks 1. Costs for prescription drugs and insulin m. Mortgage interest expense n. Social security benefits 9.Cathy's husband died in 2015. She did not remarry and continued to maintain a home for herself during 2016, 2017, and 2018. For 2016, Cathy's filing status is: A.Single B.Married filing separately C.Head of household D.Surviving spouse, using married filing jointly rate E.None of these answers. 10. Walmart Cor. granted Halima 2 years ago nonqualified stock options to buy 200 shares of Walmart stock at $5 share exercisable for four years. Halima exercised the options this year when the market price was $40 per share. How much income must Halima recognize from the exercise of the options? A.$7,000. B.$3.000. C.$8,000. D.$1,000. E. None of these answers. 11.If an employee is reimbursed through an accountable plan which of the following is true? A.All reimbursements must be included in income. B.A reimbursement equal to the expense is not included in income. C.The amount of reimbursement above the expenses should not be included in income. D.None of these answers. 12. Which of the following sources of income is not taxed? A.401(k) plan distributions. B.Gambling winning. C.Interest from saving account. D.stock dividends. E.None of these answers.

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The correct option is B. A reimbursement equal to the expense is not included in income.

Taxable Benefits

Providing benefits is a good way to attract talented employees to an organization, and many employers offer various types of benefits to their workers. However, benefits are not free from tax, and some benefits may be subject to federal, state, or local tax, depending on their nature and the applicable laws. Two of the following benefits are taxable:

Employees of the Walmart Store are allowed a 40% discount, Employer's gross profit is 20%Undergraduate tuition is waived by the University for dependent children of employees who are admitted to the university. None of the other benefits mentioned in the question is taxable.

Deductions FOR AGI, FROM AGI, and Neither

Alimony paid (divorce agreement executed in 2017) - FOR AGI

Standard deduction - Neither

Interest income on municipal bonds - Neither

IRA contribution - FOR AGI

Charitable contribution - FOR AGI

Personal property taxes - FROM AGI

Gambling winnings - FOR AGI

Student loan interest - FOR AGI

Investment interest expense - FOR AGI

State income taxes paid - FOR AGI

Capital gain on sale of stocks - FOR AGI

Costs for prescription drugs and insulin - FOR AGI

Mortgage interest expense - FROM AGI

Social security benefits - It depends on the circumstances of the taxpayer and the total income.

Cathy's filing status for 2016 is Surviving spouse, using married filing jointly rate.Walmart Cor. granted Halima 2 years ago nonqualified stock options to buy 200 shares of Walmart stock at $5 share exercisable for four years. Halima exercised the options this year when the market price was $40 per share. Halima must recognize $7,000 as income from the exercise of the options.

An employee who is reimbursed through an accountable plan will not have to include the reimbursement in their income if it is equal to the actual expense. The amount of reimbursement above the actual expense should not be included in income. Hence, the answer is B. A reimbursement equal to the expense is not included in income.

401(k) plan distributions are taxed, gambling winnings are taxed, interest from saving account is taxed, and stock dividends are taxed. Thus, none of the options is correct, as none of these sources of income is not taxed.

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Cash paid or received before the related expense or revenue is recorded best describes:
a. Financial Statements
b. Accruals
c. Journal Entries
d. Prepaids
The formula ‘(Cost – Salvage Value) / Estimates useful life in years, tells us:
a. Depreciation Expense
b. Salvage Value
c. Accumulated Depreciation
d. Net Book Value
An example of a temporary account, needing to be closed at period end, is:
a. Repairs and Maintenance
b.Owner’s Withdrawals
c. Owner’s Capital
d. Service Revenue
What type of account is unearned revenue?
a. Fixed Asset
b. Expense
c. Revenue
d. Liability

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Accruals: Accruals refer to the recognition of revenues and expenses in the financial statements before the actual cash is received or paid.

It involves matching the revenue earned with the expenses incurred during a specific accounting period, regardless of when the cash transactions occur. Accrual accounting provides a more accurate representation of a company's financial performance by considering the economic activities rather than just the cash flow.

The formula '(Cost – Salvage Value) / Estimated useful life in years' tells us:

a. Depreciation Expense: This formula is used to calculate the depreciation expense of an asset over its estimated useful life. It subtracts the salvage value (the estimated value of the asset at the end of its useful life) from the initial cost and divides it by the estimated useful life in years. Depreciation expense represents the allocation of the asset's cost over its useful life to reflect its gradual wear and tear or obsolescence.

An example of a temporary account, needing to be closed at period end, is:

d. Service Revenue: Service Revenue is a temporary account that represents the income earned by a company from providing services to its customers. At the end of the accounting period, the balance in the Service Revenue account needs to be closed and transferred to the retained earnings or owner's equity account to prepare for the next accounting period.

Unearned revenue is:

d. Liability: Unearned revenue refers to the advance payments received by a company from its customers for goods or services that are yet to be delivered. It represents an obligation of the company to provide the products or services in the future. Therefore, unearned revenue is classified as a liability on the balance sheet until the company fulfills its obligation and recognizes it as revenue.

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How does the partial equity method differ from the equity method? Multiple Choice In the total assets reported on the consolidated balance sheet. In the treatment of dividends. In the total liabilitie

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The partial equity method and the equity method differ in the treatment of dividends.

Under the partial equity method, dividends received from the investee are recognized as revenue in the income statement. The investor records its share of the investee's earnings and recognizes dividends as separate income.

In contrast, under the equity method, dividends received from the investee are treated as a reduction of the investment account on the balance sheet. The investor recognizes its share of the investee's earnings as a single-line item in the income statement, including its portion of any dividends declared by the investee.

Therefore, the correct answer is: In the treatment of dividends. The partial equity method recognizes dividends as revenue, while the equity method treats them as a reduction of the investment account.

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No-Growth Industries pays out all of its earnings as dividends. It will pay its next $4 per share dividend in a year. The discount rate is 8%.
a. What is the price-earnings ratio of the company? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
P/E ratio b. What would the P/E ratio be if the discount rate were 5%? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
P/E ratio

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The price-earnings ratio (P/E ratio) of No-Growth Industries can be calculated by dividing the price per share by the dividend per share.

If the discount rate were 5%, the P/E ratio would change, but the exact value cannot be determined without knowing the new price per share.

a. The price-earnings ratio (P/E ratio) of the company can be calculated by dividing the price per share by the earnings per share. Since No-Growth Industries pays out all its earnings as dividends, the earnings per share is equal to the dividend per share. Given that the next dividend is $4 per share, the P/E ratio can be calculated as follows:

P/E ratio = Price per share / Dividend per share

= Price per share / $4

b. If the discount rate were 5%, the P/E ratio would change. However, without knowing the new price per share, we cannot determine the exact P/E ratio at this discount rate.

The P/E ratio measures the price investors are willing to pay for each dollar of earnings generated by a company. In the case of No-Growth Industries, which pays out all its earnings as dividends, the earnings per share is equal to the dividend per share. To calculate the P/E ratio, we divide the price per share by the dividend per share. However, the P/E ratio would differ if the discount rate were 5%, but we require the new price per share to determine the exact value.

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A robot advisor provides a retirement plan: if an investor invests in this product today, it will start paying out annually in perpetuity in eleven years. The funds will grow at an APR of 8%, compounded quarterly, for the foreseeable future. Mr. Smith wants to buy this product as his retirement plan. He hopes that the payout can cover his expected annual expenditure of $20,000. How much money should he save today?

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Mr.smith should save $1,000,000 today to ensure that the payout from the retirement plan can cover his expected annual expenditure of $20,000.

to calculate how much money mr. smith should save today, we need to determine the present value of the perpetuity that will pay out annually in eleven years. the perpetuity will grow at an annual percentage rate (apr) of 8%, compounded quarterly.

the formula to calculate the present value of a perpetuity is:

pv = p / r

where:

pv = present value of the perpetuity

p = annual payout amount

r = interest rate

in this case, the annual payout amount is $20,000, and the interest rate is 8% compounded quarterly. to calculate the interest rate per compounding period, we divide the apr by the number of compounding periods per year:

quarterly interest rate = 8% / 4 = 2% = 0.02

now, let's calculate the present value:

pv = $20,000 / 0.02 = $1,000,000

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Milestone Schedule with Acceptance Criteria
You are part of a student team that is going to host a picnic-style party as a fundraiser event for a deserving local nonprofit. Develop a milestone schedule with acceptance criteria for this event. Include between four and eight milestones. Below is the milestone schedule with acceptance criteria template that you can use for this assignment.
MILSTONE ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE STAKEHOLDER(S) ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
CURRENT STATE