Critical thinking involves analyzing and evaluating information, while creative thinking involves generating new ideas and solutions. Positive use of leisure time includes engaging in activities that promote personal well-being, learning, self-improvement, socializing, and exploring new experiences.
Difference between critical and creative thinking:
Critical thinking is a cognitive process that involves analyzing and evaluating information or arguments in a logical and systematic manner. It focuses on objective analysis, reasoning, and problem-solving. Critical thinking requires the ability to question assumptions, recognize biases, and assess evidence to form well-reasoned judgments or decisions.
On the other hand, creative thinking involves generating new ideas, insights, or solutions. It is a process of divergent thinking, breaking away from conventional thoughts and exploring alternative perspectives.
Creative thinking often involves combining different ideas, making connections, and thinking outside the box. It encourages imagination, flexibility, and the ability to embrace uncertainty.
While critical thinking aims to assess and evaluate existing information or arguments, creative thinking aims to generate new possibilities or approaches. Critical thinking seeks to analyze and deconstruct, while creative thinking seeks to synthesize and construct.
Positive use of leisure time:
Leisure time refers to the period when individuals are free from work or other obligations and can engage in activities of their choice. Positive use of leisure time involves engaging in activities that contribute to personal well-being, growth, and fulfillment. Here are some examples:
Pursuing hobbies and interests: Engaging in activities such as painting, playing a musical instrument, gardening, or sports can provide relaxation, personal enjoyment, and a sense of accomplishment.
Learning and self-improvement: Using leisure time to learn new skills, read books, take online courses, or engage in personal development activities can enhance knowledge, broaden perspectives, and foster personal growth.
Physical and mental well-being: Allocating leisure time for exercise, meditation, yoga, or other wellness activities promotes physical fitness, reduces stress, and enhances overall well-being.
Socializing and building relationships: Spending leisure time with family, friends, or participating in community activities helps foster social connections, build relationships, and strengthen support networks.
Exploring new experiences: Traveling, visiting museums, attending cultural events, or trying new cuisines broadens horizons, provides exposure to different cultures, and creates memorable experiences.
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cr Entries during the pecember 2018: tra der 31 during the half-year Payments to Accounts Cheques from credit customers purchases on credit Sales on credit ended payable = 93685 119930 95580 12H 600
During December 2018, the company made payments to accounts, received cheques from credit customers, made sales on credit, and had an ending accounts payable balance of $12,600.
In December 2018, the company recorded various transactions related to accounts receivable and accounts payable. The half-year payments to accounts amounted to $93,685, indicating that the company settled outstanding balances with its creditors during this period.
Additionally, the company received $119,930 in cheques from credit customers, representing payments made by customers for their purchases on credit.
Furthermore, the company made credit sales amounting to $95,580 during this period. These sales were made to customers who would pay at a later date, resulting in an increase in accounts receivable. At the end of the month, the accounts payable balance stood at $12,600, representing the outstanding payments owed by the company to its suppliers and creditors.
In summary, during December 2018, the company made payments to accounts, received cheques from credit customers, made sales on credit, and had an ending accounts payable balance of $12,600. These transactions reflect the financial activities related to accounts receivable and accounts payable during that period.
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Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) is a profitability ratio that measures how effective the firm is at generating a return for investors who have provided capital (bondholders and stockholders). The ROIC calculation answers three questions: How tax efficient is the firm? How effective are the firm’s operations? How intensively does the firm use capital? Comparing the answers to these questions between firms can help you understand why one firm is more profitable than another and where that profitability is coming from.
In the following, Apple’s ROIC is compared to Blackberry’s. The income statement and balance sheet are provided for both firms. While the ROIC calculation for Blackberry is completed below, you have to complete the calculation for Apple by supplying the correct income statement and balance sheet information. As you fill in this information, the components of Apple’s ROIC will be
calculated along with some supporting ratios. Use these subcomponents and supporting ratios to compare Apple and Blacberry’s performance. Where does Apple’s advantage come from?
This activity demonstrates the calculation of ROIC and the comparison of firm performance, supporting Learning Objective 5-1 and 5-2.
Instructions
Use the income statement and balance sheet information for Apple to fill in the missing items in the calculation of Apple’s ROIC and supporting ratios. Once filled in correctly, compare Apple’s performance to that of Blackberry. Where does Apple have an advantage? Where does Blackberry have an advantage?
Apple, Inc. Blackberry
Income Statement YE Sept 2012 YE Mar 2012
Net sales 156,508
Cost of sales 87,846
Gross margin
Research & development expense 3,381
Selling, general & admin expense 10,040
other operating 0
Total operating expenses
Operating margin
Interest & dividend income 0
Interest expense 0
Other Income / Expense 522
Total Other income
Earnings before taxes
Provision for taxes 14,030
Net income (loss)
Short-term marketable securities
Components 0 Inventories 791 Total current assets
Long-term marketable securities
Other assets
18,423
11,848
1,559
2,600
930
0
0
21
354
Balance sheet YE Sept 2014 YE Mar 30 2012
Cash & cash equivalents 10,746 247
Accounts receivable 10,930 0
Finished goods 0 1,027
68,662
13,421
55,241
522
55,763
41,733
6,575
5,089
1,486
21
1,507
1,153
1,527 3,062 0 1,208
2,733
0 2,645
0
Apple Inc Microsoft Corporation
18,383
Other Current Assets 16,803
Fixed Assets: PP&E (net) 15,452 3,927
0 102,959
57,653
176,064
38,542
19,312
7,071
13,731
3,389
0
Long term assets 6,660
Total assets
Accounts payable Deferred revenue
Total current liabilities Long-term debt
Deferred tax liabilities Other long-term liabilities Long-term liabilities
21,175 0
0 0
Accrued expenses 11,414 0
744
other 5,953
Deferred revenue - non-current 0 0
0
Other non-current liabilities 19,312 242
Total long-term liabilities 242
Here is the ROIC calculation for Apple, Inc.:
The ROIC calculationNet income (loss) $14,030
Interest expense $0
Taxes $14,030
Net operating profit after taxes $28,060
Average invested capital $176,064
Return on invested capital (ROIC) 15.9%
The following table compares Apple's ROIC to that of BlackBerry:
Company | ROIC
------- | --------
Apple | 15.9%
BlackBerry | 4.9%
As you can see, Apple's ROIC is significantly higher than BlackBerry's. This is due to a number of factors, including Apple's higher gross margin, operating margin, and net income.
Apple also has a lower tax rate than BlackBerry, which helps to boost its ROIC.
Here are some of the reasons why Apple has an advantage over BlackBerry:
Apple has a stronger brand and a more loyal customer base.Apple's products are more innovative and user-friendly than BlackBerry's products.Apple has a more efficient supply chain and a more effective marketing strategy.Blackberry does have some advantages over Apple, such as its strong security features and its experience in the enterprise market. However, these advantages are not enough to offset Apple's overall advantages.
Overall, Apple is a more profitable company than BlackBerry. This is due to a number of factors, including Apple's strong brand, innovative products, efficient supply chain, and effective marketing strategy.
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