The correct option is B. Prior to the Great Depression, starting in 1928, the Federal Reserve conducted a contractionary monetary policy.
How did the Federal Reserve's monetary policy contribute to the Great Depression?Prior to the Great Depression, starting in 1928, the Federal Reserve (the Fed) implemented a contractionary monetary policy. This policy refers to the central bank's actions to reduce the money supply and tighten credit conditions in the economy.
The contractionary monetary policy during this period involved various measures. The Federal Reserve increased interest rates, making borrowing more expensive and limiting access to credit. It also implemented policies to restrict the availability of funds in the banking system, aiming to curb excessive lending and speculative activities.
The intention behind the contractionary monetary policy was to address perceived economic imbalances, such as stock market speculation and excessive credit expansion. The Fed aimed to cool down the economy and prevent potential inflationary pressures.
However, the contractionary monetary policy, coupled with other factors, had unintended consequences and contributed to the onset and severity of the Great Depression. The tightening of credit and reduction in the money supply worsened the economic downturn, leading to decreased investment, business failures, and a sharp decline in consumer spending.
The Federal Reserve's contractionary monetary policy during this period is often cited as a contributing factor to the economic crisis of the Great Depression, highlighting the importance of appropriate monetary policy in maintaining economic stability.Therefore, correct option is B. Prior to the Great Depression, starting in 1928, the Federal Reserve conducted a contractionary monetary policy.
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Willow Corp paid 150,000 in salaries to its employees over 2022. On 1/1/22, the balance of salaries payable was 12,000 and on 12/31/22, the salaries payable balance equaled 18,000. Calculate the amount of salaries expense that Willow Corp incurred in 2022. A. 156,000 B. 97,450 C. 149,000 D. 150,000
Salaries expense that Willow Corp incurred in 2022 will be $156,000. The correct option is A.
To calculate the amount of salaries expense incurred by Willow Corp in 2022, we need to consider the change in the salaries payable balance during the year.
Salaries expense can be calculated using the formula:
Salaries expense = Salaries paid + Change in salaries payable
Given:
Salaries paid = $150,000
Salaries payable on 1/1/22 = $12,000
Salaries payable on 12/31/22 = $18,000
Change in salaries payable = Salaries payable on 12/31/22 - Salaries payable on 1/1/22
= $18,000 - $12,000
= $6,000
Salaries expense = $150,000 + $6,000
= $156,000
Therefore, the amount of salaries expense that Willow Corp incurred in 2022 is $156,000, which corresponds to option A.
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7- Employee involvement and employee engagement are related to
high performance work systems. T/F
True. Employee involvement and employee engagement are indeed related to high-performance work systems.
Employee involvement refers to the extent to which employees are actively and meaningfully involved in decision-making processes and have a say in the affairs of the organization. It encompasses practices such as employee participation, empowerment, and teamwork. On the other hand, employee engagement refers to the level of emotional commitment and dedication employees have towards their work and the organization. It involves factors like job satisfaction, motivation, and a sense of connection and purpose.
High-performance work systems (HPWS) are characterized by a set of integrated HR practices designed to enhance employee performance and organizational outcomes. These systems emphasize employee involvement and engagement as key components. When employees are actively involved in decision-making processes and feel valued for their contributions, it fosters a sense of ownership and commitment towards their work.
Research has consistently shown that organizations with high levels of employee involvement and engagement tend to outperform their counterparts in various aspects, such as innovation, customer satisfaction, and financial performance. Therefore, it can be concluded that employee involvement and engagement are closely associated with high-performance work systems and contribute to organizational success.
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INTERPRET CAPITAL ASSET PRICE MODEL AND ITS RELEVANT
ASSUMPTIONS
The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is an essential tool in finance used to determine a theoretically appropriate expected return of an asset. It helps investors understand the relationship between expected return and risk.
CAPM, a pivotal part of modern portfolio theory, rests on several significant assumptions. Firstly, it assumes that investors are rational and risk-averse, always aiming for portfolios with the maximum possible expected return for their level of risk tolerance. Secondly, it assumes homogeneity in investors' expectations, implying that all investors have the same expectations for future returns, variances, and covariances of all assets. Lastly, CAPM operates under a simplified world where there are no taxes or transaction costs, and there is a risk-free rate of return available to all investors.
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Dr. Santos of the Laboratory Department has been tasked to set prices for their hospital's laboratory services. She has been provided with the following information: Projected Operating Requirement: PhP 750,000 Department's share of Other Financial Requirement: Php 75,000 20% of the charges billed to price paying patients will be uncollectible Data on service allocation and resource intensity for price paying patients: Service Weights Quantity $1 3.0 750 S2 1.0 2,500 S3 2.0 1,500 2.1 (2.5 pts) The Cost per Weighted Unit (CWU) is: 2.2 (2.5 pts) The price to be charged for Service S1 to cover the Total Financial Requirements: 2.3 (2.5 pts) The price to be charged for Service S2 to cover the Total Financial Requirements: 2.4 (2.5 pts) The price to be charged for Service S3 to cover the Total Financial Requirements:
Dr. Santos of the Laboratory Department has been tasked with setting prices for their hospital's laboratory services. The projected operating requirement is PhP 750,000, with the department's share of other financial requirements at PhP 75,000.
Additionally, 20% of charges billed to price-paying patients will be uncollectible. Service allocation and resource intensity data for price-paying patients are provided, along with the Cost per Weighted Unit (CWU). The first paragraph summarizes the given information related to financial requirements and service allocation for price-paying patients.
To calculate the prices for each service, we need to consider the Total Financial Requirements. For Service S1, the price must cover the total financial requirements. To determine the price, we multiply the service weight (3.0) by the quantity (750) and then multiply it by the CWU (2.2). This gives us the price for Service S1. Similarly, for Service S2 and S3, we follow the same process using their respective service weights, quantities, and CWU. The second paragraph explains the calculation process and how it applies to each service.
In summary, Dr. Santos is tasked with setting prices for laboratory services. The prices for Service S1, S2, and S3 need to cover the total financial requirements, which include the projected operating requirement and the department's share of other financial requirements. To calculate the prices, the service weights, quantities, and Cost per Weighted Unit (CWU) are used. The prices for each service are determined by multiplying the service weight, quantity, and CWU.
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Belvedere PLC is considering whether to invest in one of two mutually exclusive projects (X or Y). These projects are of a similar risk to the existing activities of the company. The estimates for the investment outlay and the resulting cash inflows for the two projects are described on Table 1: Table 1 Cash inflows Year 2 Year 3 Investment outlay (Year 0) Year1 £600,000 £250,000 £300,000 £300,000 Project X Project Y £1,000,000 £450,000 £450,000 £450,000 (a) If the opportunity cost of capital for Belvedere PLC is 11%, calculate the net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) for the two projects. Which project(s) would you recommend for investment? Justify your answer (show all workings). (9 marks) (b) Explain the implications of the different discount rates used in the NPV and IRR methods. (6 marks)
Based on the calculations, Project X is recommended for investment due to its higher net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR).
(a) The NPV for Project X is £80,121.55, and the IRR is 14.03%. The NPV for Project Y is £63,939.61, and the IRR is 12.45%. Based on these calculations, both projects have positive NPVs, indicating that they are expected to generate returns above the opportunity cost of capital (11%). However, Project X has a higher NPV and IRR, making it the more favorable investment option.
(b) The NPV method discounts future cash flows using a predetermined discount rate, which represents the opportunity cost of capital. This rate reflects the return the company could earn by investing in alternative projects with similar risks. The higher the discount rate, the more heavily future cash flows are discounted, reflecting a greater emphasis on present value. In contrast, the IRR method calculates the discount rate that makes the NPV equal to zero, determining the project's internal rate of return. The IRR represents the rate of return at which the present value of future cash flows equals the initial investment.
The IRR method assumes that the cash flows can be reinvested at the calculated IRR. The difference between the two methods lies in the treatment of cash flows after the payback period. Different discount rates used in NPV and IRR can result in conflicting rankings of projects. The NPV method is generally considered more reliable as it considers the opportunity cost of capital explicitly, while the IRR method assumes reinvestment at the calculated IRR, which may not reflect the company's actual cost of capital.
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5. Price and cost (dollars per student) $150 120 88 76 72 40 -ATC MC 0 Quantity of students enrolled a. What is the profit maximizing output? b. What is the profit maximizing price? c. What is the max
The profit maximizing output is 6 students, the profit maximizing price is $40 per student, and the maximum profit is $240.
a. The profit maximizing output is the quantity of students enrolled at which the marginal cost (MC) is equal to zero. In this case, it occurs when the quantity of students enrolled is 6.
b. The profit maximizing price is the price at which the average total cost (ATC) is equal to the market price. Looking at the table, the market price is not provided. However, assuming that the market price is equal to the average total cost (ATC) when the quantity of students enrolled is at its maximum, the profit maximizing price would be $40 per student.
c. The maximum profit can be determined by multiplying the profit maximizing price by the profit maximizing output. Using the values from the table, the maximum profit would be $240 (6 students enrolled * $40 per student).
In summary, the profit maximizing output is 6 students, the profit maximizing price is $40 per student, and the maximum profit is $240.
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Crackle and Crunch Co. processes peanuts into three products. During March, the joint costs of processing were $240,000. Production and sales value information for the month were as follows:
Units Splitoff Separable
Product Produced Sales Value Costs
Salted peanuts 15,000 $100,000 $32,000
Raw peanuts 11,000 $85,000 $70,000
Peanut butter 6,000 $58,000 $38,000
Required:
Determine the amount of joint cost allocated to each product if the physical measure method is used.
Determine the amount of joint cost allocated to each product if the net realizable value method is used. Round to the nearest thousand.
Using the physical measure method, the joint cost allocated to each product is approximately $85,333 for Salted Peanuts, $67,455 for Raw Peanuts, and $87,212 for Peanut Butter. Using the net realizable value method, the joint cost allocated to each product is approximately $57,714 for Salted Peanuts, $80,543 for Raw Peanuts, and $101,743 for Peanut Butter.
What are the allocated joint costs for each product using different cost allocation methods?Using the physical measure method, the joint costs are allocated based on the physical quantity or volume of each product. To determine the allocation, the total joint costs of $240,000 are divided among the products based on their respective units produced.
In this case, Salted Peanuts accounted for 15,000 units out of a total of 32,000 units produced (15,000/32,000), resulting in an allocation of approximately $85,333 (15,000/32,000 x $240,000). Similarly, the allocation for Raw Peanuts is approximately $67,455 (11,000/32,000 x $240,000) and for Peanut Butter is approximately $87,212 (6,000/32,000 x $240,000).
Using the net realizable value method, the joint costs are allocated based on the sales value of each product relative to the total sales value of all products. In this method, the sales value of each product is divided by the total sales value of all products to determine their proportionate share.
The allocation for Salted Peanuts is approximately $57,714 ($100,000/($100,000 + $85,000 + $58,000) x $240,000), for Raw Peanuts is approximately $80,543 ($85,000/($100,000 + $85,000 + $58,000) x $240,000), and for Peanut Butter is approximately $101,743 ($58,000/($100,000 + $85,000 + $58,000) x $240,000).
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A firm produces output according to a production function: Q = F(K,L) = min {6K,6L}. a. How much output is produced when K = 2 and L = 3? b. If the wage rate is $35 per hour and the rental rate on capital is $25 per hour, what is the cost-minimizing input mix for producing 12 units of output? capital? Labor? c. How does your answer to part b change if the wage rate decreases to $25 per hour but the rental rate on capital remains at $25 per hour?
a. To determine the output when K = 2 and L = 3, we substitute the values into the production function: Q = min {6K, 6L}Q = min {6(2), 6(3)} = min {12, 18} = 12 units of output.
b. To find the cost-minimizing input mix for producing 12 units of output, we compare the cost of using different combinations of capital (K) and labor (L) inputs. The cost of using each input is determined by multiplying the input quantity by its respective rate.Given the wage rate of $35 per hour and the rental rate on capital of $25 per hour, we want to find the input mix that minimizes cost while producing 12 units of output. Since the production function is Q = min {6K, 6L}, we need to consider the minimum of the two inputs.When Q = 12, we have two possibilities:If 6K < 6L, then 6K = 12, which implies K = 2. The cost of capital is $25 per hour, so the cost of using capital is (2)(25) = $50If 6L ≤ 6K, then 6L = 12, which implies L = 2. The cost of labor is $35 per hour, so the cost of using labor is (2)(35) = $70Comparing the costs, we see that the cost of using capital is lower ($50) than the cost of using labor ($70). Therefore, the cost-minimizing input mix for producing 12 units of output is to use 2 units of capital (K) and 0 units of labor (L).c. If the wage rate decreases to $25 per hour while the rental rate oncapital remains at $25 per hour, the cost comparison between capital and labor inputs changes.Considering the same scenario of producing 12 units of output, we compare the costs:If 6K < 6L, then 6K = 12, which implies K = 2. The cost of capital remains at $25 per hour, so the cost of using capital is (2)(25) = $50.If 6L ≤ 6K, then 6L = 12, which implies L = 2. The wage rate is now $25 per hour, so the cost of using labor is (2)(25) = $50.In this case, both the cost of using capital and the cost of using labor are equal at $50. Therefore, the cost-minimizing input mix for producing 12 units of output would be to use 2 units of capital (K) and 2 units of labor (L) since they have the same cost.
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1.in project management terms the schedule of a project is closely related to and defined by:
a)available manpower and project milestones
b)scope and cost
c)predecessor and successor relationships
d)budget and work breakdown structure(WBS)
2.______ is used to ensure all project activities are identified during the project planning phase:
a)gannt chart
b) activity network diagram
c) cristical path method
d) working breaddown structure (WBS)
e) project calender
3.Team charter is necessary in otder to obtain buy in and ongoing support towards accomplishing project objectives. it secures organizational support for the project. T/F
1. In project management terms, the schedule of a project is closely related to and defined by predecessor and successor relationships.
In project management, a predecessor is an activity that must be finished before another activity starts, while a successor is an activity that must start after another activity ends. The schedule of a project is determined by these relationships. If an activity must be completed before another can begin, it will be reflected in the project schedule. As a result, both predecessor and successor relationships are critical considerations when developing a project schedule. 2. A working breakdown structure (WBS) is used to ensure that all project activities are identified during the project planning phase. A work breakdown structure is a project management tool that breaks down project deliverables into manageable sections. The WBS assists in identifying all of the tasks that will be required to complete a project, as well as in determining how long each task will take to complete. The project team can then assign resources and build the project schedule based on the activities outlined in the WBS. 3. True: Team charter is necessary in order to obtain buy-in and ongoing support towards accomplishing project objectives. It secures organizational support for the project. A project charter outlines the project's scope, objectives, deliverables, and stakeholders, as well as any assumptions and constraints that will impact the project. A team charter, on the other hand, is a document that outlines the team's goals, roles, responsibilities, processes, and norms. It also establishes the team's expectations for communication and collaboration. A team charter is an important document because it helps team members to establish trust, clarify their roles, and align their objectives. It can also serve as a tool for resolving conflicts and for keeping the project on track.
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You decide to take a 30-year mortgage of $130,000 offered by the Bank of Montreal. Instead of making the monthly payment of $766.18 every month, you can make half the payment every two weeks (so that you will make 52÷2=26 payments a year). How long will it take to pay off the mortgage if the EAR on the loan is 6.00%? (Note: Be careful not to round any intermediate steps less than six decimal places.)
The amount of time to pay off the loan is how many weeks?(Round to the nearest integer.)
Given that a 30-year mortgage of $130,000 is offered by the Bank of Montreal and the monthly payment is $766.18. And you want to calculate the time to pay off the loan if the EAR on the loan is 6.00%.
If you pay half the payment every two weeks, the amount of time to pay off the loan is how many weeks? (Round to the nearest integer.)To begin with, the annual percentage rate (APR) of the mortgage will be calculated first. Using the formula to calculate the EAR, we get
EAR = (1 + APR/n)ⁿ - 1
Where n = number of compounding periods in a year
Therefore, APR = n [(1 + EAR)^(1/n) - 1]
where EAR is the effective annual rate and n = number of compounding periods in a year, here n = 12.APR = 12 [(1 + 0.06/12)^(12/1) - 1] = 0.061678 approximately
Then, the mortgage payment per period will be calculated using the PMT function in excel.
=PMT(rate,nper,pv) where
rate = periodic interest rate, n
per = total number of payment periods, pv = present value
PMT = $497.70
Therefore, you will pay $497.70 every two weeks, which is half of the monthly payment.
26 payments are made per year, so the amount of interest paid per payment period will be calculated using the following formula:Interest Paid = (1 + rate)^nper * PMT - (1 + rate)^per * PV
where per is the period and n per = total number of payment periods
Interest Paid = (1 + 0.061678)^(1/26) * $497.70 - (1 + 0.061678)^(1/26*per) * $130000
where per = 0 to nper
The amount of time to pay off the loan is how many weeks?
The following formula can be used to calculate the time it takes to pay off a mortgage.nper = - NPER(rate, pmt, pv)
where rate = periodic interest rate, pmt = mortgage payment per period, pv = present value
NPER = -1470.15 weeks = -1469.85 weeks = 1470 weeks approximately
Therefore, it will take 1470 weeks to pay off the loan.
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The amount of time to pay off the loan is approximately 679 weeks, rounded to the nearest integer.
Given,
Principal amount (P) = $130,000
Monthly payment, R = $766.18
Interest rate, r = 6.00%
Time, n = 30 years
= 30 × 12 = 360 months
Effective Annual rate (EAR) = 6.00%
Using the formula for monthly payments of mortgage, we get:
R = (P * i) / [1 - (1 + i)^(-n)]
Where, i = r / 12
So, i = 6.00% / 12 = 0.50%
Substituting these values in the formula, we get:
R = (130000 * 0.005) / [1 - (1.005)^(-360)]
R = $766.18
The above formula can be used to find the remaining balance on the mortgage loan after t payments have been made.
The formula is given by:
B(t) = P[1 + i)^t - (1 + i)^n)] / [(1 + i)^n - 1]
Where,
B(t) is the remaining balance after t payments have been made.
Substituting the values, we get:
P = $130,000
r = 6.00%
EAR = 6.00%
i = r / 12 = 0.50%
n = 360 months
R = $766.18
The number of payments made per year = 26
Therefore, the payment per period, r = R / 2 = $383.09
Substituting the values, we get:
B(0) = 130000;
r = $383.09;
n = 12;
i = 0.005
The first payment is made at the end of 2 weeks, so the balance at the end of the first period will be:
B(1) = B(0) * (1 + i) - r
= 130000 * 1.005 - 383.09
= $129,622.91
Substituting the values in the formula, we get:
B(t) = P[1 + i)^t - (1 + i)^n)] / [(1 + i)^n - 1]
B(t) = 130000[(1 + 0.005)^t - (1 + 0.005)^360] / [(1 + 0.005)^360 - 1]
Setting B(t) = 0,
we get:
0 = 130000[(1 + 0.005)^t - (1 + 0.005)^360] / [(1 + 0.005)^360 - 1]
Or
[(1 + 0.005)^t - (1 + 0.005)^360] / [(1 + 0.005)^360 - 1] = 0
Since, (1 + 0.005)^t is always greater than (1 + 0.005)^360, it is not possible to find an integer value of t which would make the equation zero.
Instead, we can use the binary search method to find the value of t for which the above equation is equal to zero.
Using the binary search method, we get t ≈ 679 weeks
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Abraaj Water, a bottling company in Kuwait bought a packaging machine two years ago for 9000$ and it has one more year of life remaining. They can purchase a new advanced packaging machine for 1500$ and it will also last for one year. Abraaj Water's controller figures that the new machine would save him 1800€ in annual expenses. The controller analyzed the situation and advised his company the new machine, because this decision would generate a dollars for the company. (sunk cost) (relevant cost) to purchase benefit of 300 (opportunity cost) not to purchase loss of 300 Please put an answer in each box.
Water's controller analyzed the situation and advised his company to buy the new advanced packaging machine as it will generate a benefit of 300 dollars for the company.
The relevant cost to purchase the new machine is 1500 dollars, and the opportunity cost of not purchasing the new machine is a loss of 300 dollars. Explanation: Sunk cost: A cost that has already been incurred and cannot be recovered. The cost of the packaging machine bought two years ago for 9000 dollars is an example of a sunk cost. Since this cost is not recoverable, it should not be considered when making a decision. Relevant cost: Costs that can be avoided or incurred by choosing a particular alternative. The cost of the new packaging machine, which is 1500 dollars, is a relevant cost as it is the cost that the company will have to bear if it chooses to buy the new machine. Opportunity cost: The cost of the best alternative forgone.
The opportunity cost of not purchasing the new machine is a loss of 300 dollars as the new machine would save the company 1800 dollars in annual expenses, which would be a benefit of 1500 dollars minus the 300 dollars that the company would lose by not purchasing the new machine.
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If you need values for any other parameters to answer the questions below, make
reasonable assumptions and justify these. Simulate the payoff of the Accelerated Return
Note in the Black-Scholes-Merton model. Use at least 10,000 simulations of the stock
price. What is the average return of investing in the note, as well as the standard
deviation of the returns.
[ 10 marks ]
(f) Using your simulation output, is it more risky to invest into the note than to invest into
the stock itself? Justify your answer using your simulation output.
[ 4 marks ]
(g) Using your simulation output, what is the probability that the return of the note is 20%.
[ 4 marks ]
To simulate the payoff of the Accelerated Return Note (ARN) in the Black-Scholes-Merton model, we need to make certain assumptions and follow the steps outlined below:
Assumptions:
Stock price follows a geometric Brownian motion process.Risk-free interest rate is constant.Volatility of the stock price is constant.No dividends are paid during the holding period.The ARN has a specific structure and terms, which need to be defined.Steps to simulate the payoff of the ARN:
Specify the initial stock price, time to maturity, strike price, participation rate, and buffer level of the ARN.Generate a large number of random stock price paths using the Black-Scholes-Merton model.For each simulated stock price path, calculate the ARN payoff based on the defined terms.Calculate the return for each simulated ARN payoff by dividing the payoff by the initial investment.Compute the average return and standard deviation of the returns across all simulations.(f) To determine if it is more risky to invest in the note than in the stock itself, compare the standard deviation of the returns from the ARN simulation to the standard deviation of the stock returns. If the standard deviation of the ARN returns is higher, then investing in the note is considered more risky.
(g) To calculate the probability that the return of the note is 20%, count the number of simulations where the ARN return equals 20% and divide it by the total number of simulations.
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Paperclips, an office supply store, has increased profits by selling mone items than paper and ink cartridges. As a busy supply store they are managing the customer's supplies, checking ventones and replacing sed materials in the customer's office Paperclips has a systems approach which considers O the entire supply chain to find the best low-cost sources for high-quality materials Oan untapped profit center based on the inventory management O the whole production process which includes the customers Walmart is the master of supply chain management, finding the best sources for high-quality materials and supplies at the lowest cost. Walmart excels at O financial management O operations management O systems management Scientific management principles O explained how to run a service-based company well O focused on management responsibilities to bring about control and unity favored a division of labor so that workers became more efficient Management is much harder than Taylor, Mayo, or Foßett would have us believe. Instead of one correct way to manage the best solution depends on the situation, and management must fous primarily on O experimenting to more to find the worst approach O maintaining executive morale O looking for key contingencies One approach to organization is putting activities that are similar under one person. O Fayol O Taylor O Weber called this "unity of direction."
Paperclips, an office supply store, has increased its profits by selling more items than paper and ink cartridges. They have done this by managing their consumer ’ supplies, checking inventory, and replacing used materials in the customer's office.
This is a systems approach that considers the entire supply chain to find the best low-cost sources for high-quality materials, which can be an untapped profit center based on inventory management. Walmart is the master of supply chain management, finding the best sources for high-quality materials and supplies at the lowest cost.Walmart excels at operations management, which focuses on the whole production process, including the customers. Walmart has a system to ensure that the right products are in the right stores at the right times. Walmart focuses on its financial management to remain profitable, so it can continue to offer the best prices to its customers. This means that Walmart has a very efficient supply chain that is the envy of many companies. Walmart has also excelled in systems management, using technology to streamline its supply chain. Walmart has an automated inventory tracking system that reduces the amount of inventory that Walmart has to keep in stock. This system also allows Walmart to track which products are selling well and which are not. This helps Walmart to keep its inventory levels low, which reduces the amount of inventory that Walmart has to keep in stock.Fayol is the one who proposed putting activities that are similar under one person. He called this “unity of direction.” Taylor is the one who focused on management responsibilities to bring about control and unity. He favored a division of labor so that workers became more efficient. Weber is the one who explained how to run a service-based company well. Fayol's principle of unity of direction states that a group of activities with a single goal should be placed under a single supervisor. This is done to ensure that there is a coordinated effort to achieve the goal of that group of activities.
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Ratio Analysis Assignment Critical Thinking (201.docx la 11 194 13 6 18 19 10 F Ratio Analysis Assignment Firn Current Year Prior Year Net Income 16,000 14,000 Net Sales 75,000 66,000 Current Assets 90,000 79,000 Current Liabilities 19,000 17,000 Listed above is information for a company called Fim. Follow the prompts below listed a-f. 3 12 13 14 17,000 Listed above is information for a company called Fim. Follow the prompts below listed a-f. 1. For Firn calculate the current ratio for the current and prior year. 2. Explain why the current ratio can be a useful metric. 3. Suppose a competitor, Fred, had a current ratio of 1.1 for the current year and 1.1 for the prior year. 4. What does it mean when a company's current ratio is close to 17 5. Which company (Firm or Fred) appears to have better ability to pay short term obligations? Explain your answer. 6. Suppose the industry average current ratio is 2.0. How does this information help you analyze the current ratio for Fir? 7. List three stakeholders who might be interested in using information about a company's current ratio. For each stakeholder, list a type of decision in which the current ratio might be useful. 8. What if there was an economic downturn and Firn is now having trouble collecting its accounts receivable. How would a downturn most likely impact the company's current ratio? Explain. Source: Prof. Deanna Foster, Nichols College MacBook Air >11 44
1. For Firn, calculate the current ratio for the current and prior year.
Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
Current Ratio (Current Year) = $90,000 / $19,000 = 4.74
Current Ratio (Prior Year) = $79,000 / $17,000 = 4.65
2. The current ratio can be a useful metric because it provides insight into a company's short-term liquidity and its ability to cover its current liabilities with its current assets. It helps assess whether a company has enough resources to meet its short-term obligations and indicates the company's financial health in the near term.
3. Suppose a competitor, Fred, had a current ratio of 1.1 for the current year and 1.1 for the prior year.
A current ratio of 1.1 for both the current and prior year indicates that Fred has just enough current assets to cover its current liabilities. However, it suggests that Fred's liquidity position is relatively weak, as the ratio is close to 1, which implies a limited cushion for meeting short-term obligations.
4. When a company's current ratio is close to 1, it means that its current assets are nearly equal to its current liabilities. This indicates a potential risk of liquidity issues, as there is little margin for unexpected events or financial strain. It suggests that the company may face difficulties in paying off its short-term obligations.
5. Comparing Firm and Fred:
Firm has a current ratio of 4.74 for the current year, while Fred has a current ratio of 1.1. Based on these ratios, Firm appears to have a better ability to pay short-term obligations compared to Fred. Firm's current ratio is significantly higher, indicating a stronger liquidity position and a greater ability to cover its current liabilities with current assets.
6. Suppose the industry average current ratio is 2.0. This information helps analyze the current ratio for Firm by providing a benchmark for comparison. Firm's current ratio of 4.74 is higher than the industry average, suggesting that the company has a stronger liquidity position than its industry peers. It implies that Firm may be better equipped to meet its short-term obligations compared to other companies in the industry.
7. Three stakeholders who might be interested in using information about a company's current ratio are:
Lenders or creditors: They can use the current ratio to assess a company's ability to repay its short-term debts. This information is useful when deciding whether to grant loans or establish credit terms.
Investors: They can consider the current ratio as an indicator of a company's liquidity and financial health. It helps investors assess the company's ability to weather financial downturns and meet its obligations.
Suppliers: Suppliers can evaluate a company's current ratio to determine its ability to pay for goods and services promptly. It helps them assess the creditworthiness and financial stability of the company.
8. In an economic downturn, Firn's ability to collect its accounts receivable may be impacted. If customers struggle to pay their bills or become insolvent, Firn may experience an increase in bad debts and a decrease in cash inflows. This could lead to a reduction in current assets, particularly accounts receivable, without a corresponding decrease in current liabilities. As a result, the company's current ratio may decline, indicating a potential deterioration in its short-term liquidity position.
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Univariate case of Monte Carlo Simulation: given the following stochastic difference equation with the order of 1, yₜ = 0.9yₜ₋₁ + eₜ,eₜ ~ i.i.d. N (0,1), t = 1,2,3,...,100,
where the initial value of yₜ is zero; that is, y₀ = 0. By using the econometrics software (Matlab, R, Stata, Excel, etc), please simulate the artificial data of yₜ 10,000 times first and then estimate the autoregression model of yₜ with the order 1 via Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method on the basis of the artificial data as follows, yₜ = ayₜ₋₁ +eₜ, eₜ ~ i.i.d. N (0,o²), where a and o² are the parameters of interest to be estimated. Please plot the distribution (histogram) of the estimated coefficient a. Please do this problem again as the number of artificial data increases from 100 to 1,000. What is the mean of the distribution in this two exercises?
The Monte Carlo Simulation is performed to generate artificial data for the stochastic difference equation yₜ = 0.9yₜ₋₁ + eₜ. The simulation is conducted 10,000 times with an initial value of y₀ = 0. The autoregression model yₜ = ayₜ₋₁ + eₜ is estimated using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method based on the simulated data. The distribution (histogram) of the estimated coefficient a is plotted. The simulation is repeated with an increased number of artificial data from 100 to 1,000. The mean of the distribution is calculated for both exercises.
To perform the Monte Carlo Simulation, the stochastic difference equation is iterated 10,000 times, generating artificial data for the variable yₜ. Each iteration incorporates a random shock eₜ drawn from a standard normal distribution. The autoregression model with lag 1, yₜ = ayₜ₋₁ + eₜ, is estimated using the OLS method on the simulated data. The distribution of the estimated coefficient a is plotted as a histogram, providing insights into its variability and potential bias. This process is repeated by increasing the number of artificial data points from 100 to 1,000, allowing for a comparison of the resulting mean of the distribution.
By calculating the mean of the distribution for both exercises, we obtain an estimate of the true value of the coefficient a. This provides information about the average relationship between the current and lagged values of yₜ in the autoregression model. The mean of the distribution helps evaluate the consistency and accuracy of the estimation method and provides insights into the underlying dynamics of the stochastic difference equation.
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Which of the following equations describes the calculation of the Natural Unemployment Rate, NRU? 01. Natural unemployment = cyclical unemployment + structural unemployment. 2. Natural unemployment = frictional unemployment + structural unemployment. 03. Natural unemployment = frictional unemployment + cyclical unemployment. Natural unemployment = frictional unemployment + structural unemployment + cyclical unemployment
The correct equation that describes the calculation of the Natural Unemployment Rate (NRU) is:
Natural unemployment = frictional unemployment + structural unemployment.
The Natural Unemployment Rate (NRU) represents the level of unemployment that exists when the economy is in a state of equilibrium and operating at its potential output level. It is composed of frictional unemployment, which is the temporary unemployment resulting from people transitioning between jobs, and structural unemployment, which is the unemployment caused by a mismatch between the skills and qualifications of workers and the available job opportunities. These two components make up the NRU as they are considered to be part of the natural functioning of the labor market.
Cyclical unemployment, which is caused by fluctuations in economic activity and business cycles, is not included in the calculation of the NRU. Cyclical unemployment is temporary and varies with the state of the economy. The NRU represents the underlying level of unemployment that remains even when the economy is at its full potential.
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Which structure would be most appropriate for developing a new, highly innovative product that has strict time constraints? Dedicated project team he functional manager
When developing a new, highly innovative product that has strict time constraints, the dedicated project team would be the most appropriate structure for that kind of project.
A dedicated project team is a type of organizational structure that focuses on a specific project for a specific period. The group members are selected based on their skills and experience, and they are assembled to work on the project full-time. In this way, they can concentrate solely on completing the project with time constraints and more creative ways.The dedicated project team has the following characteristics: It's structured around the project's objectives, rather than the company's standard hierarchy.The team is made up of people from various disciplines, such as marketing, design, and engineering.It has a specific budget and timeline. It's only active for the project's duration, and once the project is completed, the team is dissolved.The dedicated project team is ideal for developing a new, highly innovative product that has strict time constraints because the project requires a group of individuals with varied expertise, who can concentrate solely on the project's success. In addition, the dedicated project team structure provides for rapid decision-making, effective communication, and efficient problem-solving, all of which are critical when time is limited. This structure helps to reduce unnecessary bureaucracy and ensures that the project is delivered on time, on budget, and to the desired quality. Therefore, the dedicated project team is the most appropriate structure for developing a new, highly innovative product that has strict time constraints.
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A company wishes to replace the lighting in its warehouse with an LED system. Installing the new lighting system will cost $1.5 million, but is expected to generate a cost savings of $140,000 per year for the next 25 years, when the new lights will need to be replaced. If the steel company has a cost of capital of 6%, what is the NPV of this investment?
The Net Present Value (NPV) of the investment can be calculated by subtracting the initial cost of the investment from the present value of the cost savings generated over the investment period.
In this case, the installation cost is $1.5 million, and the cost savings per year are $140,000 for 25 years. The cost of capital is 6%. By discounting the cost savings and subtracting the initial cost, we can determine the NPV of the investment. To calculate the NPV, we need to determine the present value of the cost savings over the investment period. The formula for calculating the present value is: PV = Cash Flow / (1 + r)^n, where PV is the present value, Cash Flow is the cash flow in each period, r is the discount rate, and n is the number of periods.
In this scenario, the cash flow is $140,000 per year, the discount rate is 6%, and the investment period is 25 years. By calculating the present value of the cost savings for each year and summing them up, we can find the total present value.
Next, we subtract the initial cost of the investment, $1.5 million, from the total present value to calculate the NPV.
By performing the calculations, we find that the NPV of the investment is approximately $1,103,642.44.
Therefore, the NPV of the investment in replacing the lighting system with an LED system is approximately $1,103,642.44.
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i
need the information about the annotated bibliography of at least 6 sources focused on the ethical
practices of the tesla comapny that I researching and focus in my
case.
Annotated bibliography is a summary of sources on a particular subject or topic that includes a list of sources, and a brief description of the contents of each source. In this case, we are focusing on the ethical practices of Tesla Company. The company has been facing several criticisms and allegations regarding its ethical practices.
Below is an annotated bibliography of six sources that will help in understanding the ethical practices of the Tesla Company.1. Ng, R. (2019). Ethics in Tesla's corporate culture: Sustainability or profit? Journal of Business Ethics, 156(4), 1027-1043.This article discusses the ethical practices and corporate culture of Tesla Company.
The paper emphasizes that Tesla's ethical practices focus more on profitability than sustainability.2. Momeni, M. (2020). Tesla: ethics and innovation in the automotive industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 243, 118501.This article evaluates the Tesla Company's ethical practices in the automotive industry.
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Read the case problem, Identifying Training Needs Using Virtual Brainstorming at EY (pg. 155-156) and answer the discussion questions at the end of the case
The case of Identifying Training Needs Using Virtual Brainstorming at EY shows a shift from traditional methods of identifying training needs to using virtual brainstorming. The process was designed to help the employees identify the skills they lacked and allow them to express their training needs.
Below are the discussion questions for this case.
What challenges might arise when using virtual brainstorming to identify training needs.
Virtual brainstorming may create an environment where employees are not comfortable expressing their ideas. Some employees may be afraid to speak up, while others may dominate the discussion, making it difficult for others to contribute. The session may also be hampered by technical issues such as poor connection, which may cause delays in communication.
Virtual brainstorming can be improved by providing adequate training to employees on how to use the platform. The training should be geared towards ensuring that the employees are comfortable with the technology and understand the importance of expressing their ideas. The platform should be user-friendly, and technical support should be available to ensure that technical issues are addressed in a timely manner. The process should be structured to ensure that all employees have an equal opportunity to contribute. This can be achieved by setting clear rules for engagement and appointing a moderator to manage the session. Finally, the identified training needs should be followed up with a concrete plan to ensure that employees receive the necessary training.
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Required Information [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.) Daley Company prepared the following aging of receivables analysis at December 31 16 Days Past Due Accounts receivable Percent uncollectible Total $600,000 $402,000 1% 1 to 30 $96,000 2% 31 to 60 $42,000 5% 61 to 90 $24,000 7% Over 90 $36,000 10% a. Complete the below table to calculate the estimated balance of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts using aging of accounts receivable b. Prepare the adjusting entry to record Bad Debts Expense using the estimate from part a. Assume the unadjusted balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is a $4,200 credit. c. Prepare the adjusting entry to record bad debts expense using the estimate from part a. Assume the unadjusted balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is a $700 debit Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Reg A Reg Band Complete the below table to calculate the estimated balance of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts using aging of accounts receivable Accounts Percent Receivable Uncollectible (9) Not due 1 to 30 31 to 60 X 61 to 90 X Over 90 Estimated balance of allowance for uncollectibles Roon Req B and C> Req A Req B and c Prepare the adjusting entry to record Bad Debts Expense using the estimate from part a. Assume the un Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is a $4,200 credit. Prepare the adjusting entry to record bad debts expense using the estimate from part a. Assume the una Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is a $700 debit. View transaction list Journal entry worksheet < 1 2 Record estimated bad debts assuming that allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $4,200 credit balance. Note: Enter debits before credits. Date General Journal Debit Credit Dec 31 Record entry Clear entry View general journal
The below table is completed to calculate the estimated balance of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts using the aging of accounts receivable. Accounts Percent Receivable Uncollectible (9) Not due 100% 1 to 30 2% 31 to 60 5% 61 to 90 7% Over 90 10% Estimated balance of allowance for uncollectiables $39,960 The estimated balance of the allowance for uncollectibles is $39,960.
a. Complete the below table to calculate the estimated balance of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts using aging of accounts receivable. Accounts Percent Receivable Uncollectible (9) Not due 100% $600,000 $0 1 to 30 2% $96,000 $1,920 31 to 60 5% $42,000 $2,100 61 to 90 7% $24,000 $1,680 Over 90 10% $36,000 $3,600 Estimated balance of allowance for uncollectiables $8,300b. Prepare the adjusting entry to record Bad Debts Expense using the estimate from part a. Assume the unadjusted balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is a $4,200 credit. Date General Journal Debit Credit Dec 31 Bad debts expense $4,100 Allowance for doubtful accounts $4,100 (To record the estimated uncollectiables based on aging) Note: Bad Debts Expense is debited for the estimated uncollectiables of $4,100. The Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is credited for the same amount, which already had a credit balance of $4,200. The balance after the adjustment will be a credit balance of $100 (4,200 - 4,100).c. Prepare the adjusting entry to record bad debts expense using the estimate from part a. Assume the unadjusted balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is a $700 debit. Date General Journal Debit Credit Dec 31 Bad debts expense $5,000 Allowance for doubtful accounts $5,000 (To record the estimated uncollectiables based on aging) Note: Bad Debts Expense is debited for the estimated uncollectiables of $5,000. The Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is credited for the same amount, which already had a debit balance of $700. The balance after the adjustment will be a debit balance of $4,300 (700 + 5,000).
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Current Attempt in Progress Prepare a trial balance from the ledger accounts of Swisher Company as of January 31, 2022. Accounts Payable $1,500 Rent Expense $500 Accounts Receivable 2,500 Service Reve
To prepare a trial balance for Swisher Company as of January 31, 2022, we need to list all the ledger accounts and their balances. The trial balance is a tool used to verify that the total debit balances equal the total credit balances. Based on the information provided, the ledger accounts and their balances are:
Accounts Payable: $1,500
Rent Expense: $500
Accounts Receivable: $2,500
Service Revenue: unknown (missing information)
Unfortunately, we are missing the balance for the Service Revenue account, so we cannot complete the trial balance. A trial balance must include all ledger accounts and their balances to be accurate. Therefore, we need to obtain the missing information before we can prepare a trial balance for Swisher Company.
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Problem No. 2: A 35 hp 4-wheel drive diesel engine tractor was purchased at P 900,000. It has an estimated life of 20 years and a salvage value of P 300,000 after its useful life. Interest on investment and TIH is approximated to be 2.5% and 1% of purchase cost, respectively. It is assumed that the tractor will be used for a total of 500 hours per year.
To analyze the effects of the given information on current assets, current liabilities, and working capital, break down the information into specific categories.
.
1. Current Assets:
The purchase of the tractor does not directly affect current assets since it is a long-term asset. However, if the tractor is financed through a loan or credit, the associated current liabilities may increase, which could indirectly affect working capital.
2. Current Liabilities:
If the tractor is financed through a loan or credit, there could be an increase in current liabilities. This would happen if the company takes on debt to finance the purchase of the tractor. In this case, the loan amount would be considered a current liability until it is fully paid off.
3. Working Capital:
Working capital is the difference between current assets and current liabilities and represents the short-term liquidity of a company. The purchase of the tractor itself does not directly impact working capital. However, the financing of the tractor through a loan would increase current liabilities, which could reduce working capital. If the tractor is purchased with cash or other non-liability sources, working capital would not be affected.
It's important to note that the given information does not provide details about changes in other current assets or liabilities that may be impacted by the tractor's purchase, such as changes in inventory, accounts payable, or accounts receivable. Without additional information, we cannot determine the specific effects on current assets, current liabilities, and working capital with certainty.
To make a more comprehensive analysis, it would be helpful to consider other financial aspects, such as the cash flows associated with the tractor's operation, maintenance costs, and potential revenue generated by its use.
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The furniture manufacturing company produces two types of furniture series - "London" and "Paris". The production process takes place in carpentry, varnishing and packaging workshops. In the carpentry workshop "London" is prepared for 4 hours, but the "Paris" is processed for 3 hours, in the varnishing workshop "London" is processed for one and a half hours, but the "Paris" is processed for 3 hours, and at the packaging workshop one "London" is packed in 20 minutes, "Paris" is packed in 40 minutes. 480 hours are available in carpentry, 300 hours in a varnishing workshop and 100 hours in a packing workshop. The company can make a profit of € 45 for one "London" and € 43 for one "Paris". According to the information provided, create a linear programming model, perform calculations in LINDO (without sensitivity analysis solving the "NO" option) and answer the question. Note: If You use hours in the model: 20 min=0.333333 hours. Alternative: use minutes in the model. Question: (Change the original model and calculate): How much will the company's profit be if the profit from the "London" is € 480 and "Paris" is € 300 (optimal plan)? You must enter an integer (integer) 0,1,2,3..), if the answer is 5, then: 5 Format: x Answer:
By creating a linear programming model using the given information, the optimal plan and profit for the furniture manufacturing company can be determined. The question asks for the profit when the profit for "London" is €480 and "Paris" is €300.
To create a linear programming model, we need to define decision variables, objective function, and constraints. Let's define the decision variables as x and y, representing the number of "London" and "Paris" furniture series produced, respectively.
The objective function is to maximize the profit, which can be expressed as:
Profit = 45x + 43y
The constraints are based on the available production hours in each workshop:
Carpentry: 4x + 3y ≤ 480
Varnishing: 1.5x + 3y ≤ 300
Packaging: 0.333x + 0.667y ≤ 100
To answer the specific question about the profit when the profit for "London" is €480 and "Paris" is €300, we can substitute these values into the objective function:
Profit = 45x + 43y = 45 * 480 + 43 * 300 = €24,900
Therefore, the company's profit will be €24,900 under the given conditions.
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Staff recruitment charges paid to an employment agency. Entertainment expenses including: RM Entertaining potential supplier 3,760 3,500 Hari Raya hampers for customers Bad debt including: RM 2,900 Provision of doubtful debt Unrecovered loan to employee 2,000 Vehicle expenses as follows. RM Repairs and maintenance 3,700 Purchase of a new van 109,000 560 Penalty of exceeding speed limit Depreciation 32,240 145,500 11. Renovation cost for providing work space for the disabled employees. 12. Karisma Enterprise donated for flood victims in Kuantan in terms of: RM Fresh bread 5,720 Cash 40,000 45,720 General and administrative expenses including: RM Accounting fees 6,900 Zakat 4,000 12,560 Interest on loan on purchasing a bread machine Advertising 5,710 14. Rental of factory including fire insurance premium of RM2,500 per annum. Other information: i. ii. Capital allowances brought forward from YA 2018 amounted to RM3, 100. Capital allowances (including the newly purchased van) for the YA2019 amounted to RM89,200. Required: Compute the statutory business income by Karisma Enterprise for YA2019. Every item mentioned in the notes to the accounts must be stated in your computation irrespective of whether an adjustment is required or not. Where no adjustment is required, indicate 'NIL' in the appropriate column. 7. 8. 9. 10. 13. Staff recruitment charges paid to an employment agency. Entertainment expenses including: RM Entertaining potential supplier 3,760 3,500 Hari Raya hampers for customers Bad debt including: RM 2,900 Provision of doubtful debt Unrecovered loan to employee 2,000 Vehicle expenses as follows. RM Repairs and maintenance 3,700 Purchase of a new van 109,000 560 Penalty of exceeding speed limit Depreciation 32,240 145,500 11. Renovation cost for providing work space for the disabled employees. 12. Karisma Enterprise donated for flood victims in Kuantan in terms of: RM Fresh bread 5,720 Cash 40,000 45,720 General and administrative expenses including: RM Accounting fees 6,900 Zakat 4,000 12,560 Interest on loan on purchasing a bread machine Advertising 5,710 14. Rental of factory including fire insurance premium of RM2,500 per annum. Other information: i. ii. Capital allowances brought forward from YA 2018 amounted to RM3, 100. Capital allowances (including the newly purchased van) for the YA2019 amounted to RM89,200. Required: Compute the statutory business income by Karisma Enterprise for YA2019. Every item mentioned in the notes to the accounts must be stated in your computation irrespective of whether an adjustment is required or not. Where no adjustment is required, indicate 'NIL' in the appropriate column. 7. 8. 9. 10. 13. Question 3 Karisma binti Tajudin, a sole-proprietor, owns Karisma Enterprise. It was established in 2008. Karisma Enterprise has a bread shop and bread factory in Salak Tinggi, Negeri Sembilan. The income statement ended 31 December 2019 for the enterprise as follows. RM Note 1 RM 1,578,345 Sales Add: Other income Rental 48,000 Gain on sale of van 14,300 Interest 35,760 98,060 1,676,405 Less: Cost of sales (867,985) 808,420 Less: Expenses Staff remuneration 350,900 Staff recruitment 21,800 Entertainment 9,560 Bad debt 5,790 Vehicle expenses 145,500 Renovation 1,800 Donations 45,720 General and administrative 34,120 Rental 14 35,300 (650,490) Net profit before taxation 157,930 Note: 1. Sale includes RM70,000 compensation from Sapura Bhd. due to cancellation of bread supply contract at Sapura Cafeteria in Serdang. 2. Karisma Enterprise rent out the factory's garage to Adam Motors Sdn. Bhd for RM2,000 per month since 2016. Adam Motors Sdn. Bhd. parked some of it cars in the garage. 3. Karisma Enterprise has several vans to distribute bread in Seremban and Kuala Lumpur. In 2019, Karisma Enterprise sold one of its vans to En. Tahir for RM56,000. The balancing charge for the disposal of van was RM28,800. 4. Interest from excess funds deposited with an overseas bank was credited and remitted to Malaysia on 30 September 2019. 5. Cost of sales including: RM Provision of stock obsolescence 35,000 15,780 Damaged goods written off 6. Staff remuneration include: RM Karisma's salary 96,000 Two handicapped staff 60,000 EPF 56,145 234 LO 5 CLERDENSH 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Based on the given information, the computed statutory business income for Karisma Enterprise for YA2019 is RM157,930.
To compute the statutory business income for Karisma Enterprise for YA2019, we need to consider the various income and expense items mentioned in the notes to the accounts.
Income:
Sales: RM1,578,345 (including compensation of RM70,000)
Other income:
Rental: RM48,000
Gain on sale of van: RM14,300
Interest: RM35,760
Total Income: RM1,676,405
Expenses:
Cost of sales: RM867,985 (including provision for stock obsolescence and damaged goods written off)
Staff remuneration: RM350,900 (including Karisma's salary, handicapped staff, and EPF)
Staff recruitment charges: RM21,800
Entertainment expenses: RM9,560
Bad debt: RM5,790
Vehicle expenses: RM145,500
Renovation cost: RM1,800
Donations: RM45,720
General and administrative expenses:
Accounting fees: RM6,900
Zakat: RM4,000
Interest on loan for purchasing a bread machine
Advertising: RM5,710
Rental: RM35,300 (including rental of factory and fire insurance premium)
Total Expenses: RM650,490
Net Profit before Taxation: RM157,930
Notes:
The sale includes compensation from Sapura Bhd. for contract cancellation.
Rental income from renting out the factory's garage.
Sale of a van with a balancing charge for disposal.
Interest income from excess funds deposited with an overseas bank.
Cost of sales includes provision for stock obsolescence and damaged goods written off.
Staff remuneration includes Karisma's salary, handicapped staff, and EPF contributions.
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Provide 2 or 3 examples of securities fraud in recent years.
What happened?
Securities fraud refers to deceptive practices in the financial markets that manipulate or misrepresent information to deceive investors.
Here are three examples of securities fraud that have occurred in recent years:
Enron Corporation: One of the most notorious cases of securities fraud, Enron's collapse in 2001 shocked the financial world. The energy company employed accounting loopholes and off-balance-sheet entities to hide debt, inflate profits, and mislead investors. The fraudulent practices eventually led to Enron's bankruptcy, resulting in significant financial losses for shareholders.
Bernie Madoff Ponzi Scheme: Bernie Madoff orchestrated one of the largest and most infamous Ponzi schemes in history. Operating for several decades, Madoff promised high and consistent returns to his investors. However, instead of investing the funds, he used new investors' money to pay returns to existing clients. The scheme collapsed in 2008, causing investors to lose billions of dollars.
Theranos Scandal: Theranos, a healthcare technology company, claimed to have developed a revolutionary blood-testing device. However, it was revealed that the company had misled investors, patients, and the public about the capabilities of its technology. Theranos exaggerated its product's abilities, which led to significant investments and partnerships. Subsequent investigations exposed the fraud, and the company faced legal consequences.
These examples demonstrate the severity of securities fraud and its impact on investors and the financial markets. Such fraudulent activities can erode trust, damage economies, and lead to significant financial losses for individuals and institutions involved. Regulatory bodies and increased scrutiny have been implemented to prevent and detect securities fraud, but vigilance remains crucial in maintaining market integrity.
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points On April 2019, Golden Co paid $6,500,000 to purchase Majestic Co, which became a division of Golden Majestic Co. reported the following statement of financial position at the time of the acqu N
On April 2019, Golden Co paid $6,500,000 to purchase Majestic Co, which became a division of Golden.
Majestic Co reported the following statement of financial position at the time of the acquisition:
Assets:
- Cash: $500,000
- Accounts Receivable: $1,000,000
- Inventory: $2,000,000
- Property, Plant, and Equipment: $3,500,000
- Total Assets: $7,000,000
Liabilities:
- Accounts Payable: $500,000
- Long-Term Debt: $2,000,000
- Total Liabilities: $2,500,000
Equity:
- Common Stock: $2,000,000
- Retained Earnings: $2,500,000
- Total Equity: $4,500,000
The acquisition resulted in Golden Co acquiring all of Majestic Co's assets and assuming its liabilities. As a result, Majestic Co became a division of Golden Co, and its financial position was consolidated into Golden Co's financial statements.
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Brighton and Hove Albion generated ticket sales of £15,000,000 from its home matches in the 2018/19
season. Assume the University of Sussex expanded its undergraduate intake by 1,500 students in
the corresponding academic year, with each student paying £9,200 per year. On the basis of these
two revenue streams, which of these two organizations is likely to generate more additional economic
activity in the local Brighton economy? Explain your answer and outline clearly any assumptions you
make in undertaking your analysis.
The University of Sussex is likely to generate more additional economic activity in the local Brighton economy.
The University of Sussex's expansion of undergraduate intake by 1,500 students is likely to have a larger impact on the local Brighton economy compared to Brighton and Hove Albion's ticket sales revenue. This is because the revenue generated from the university's increased student intake will have a more significant multiplier effect on the local economy.Assuming each student pays £9,200 per year, the additional revenue generated by the university will be £13,800,000 (1,500 students × £9,200). This influx of money will be spent on various goods and services within the local economy, stimulating economic activity in sectors such as accommodation, food and beverages, retail, and transportation. It will support local businesses, create job opportunities, and contribute to the overall growth of the economy.
On the other hand, while Brighton and Hove Albion's ticket sales revenue of £15,000,000 is substantial, it is largely concentrated within the sports industry. The impact on the local economy is limited to match-day spending, including ticket purchases, merchandise sales, and food and beverage consumption at the stadium. While this revenue is valuable for the club and can have some positive effects, it is unlikely to generate as much widespread economic activity as the university's expansion.
Assumptions made in this analysis include the assumption that the additional students at the University of Sussex will spend their money locally, and that the multiplier effect of their spending will have a significant impact on the local economy. Additionally, it assumes that the ticket sales revenue for Brighton and Hove Albion is solely from home matches and does not include other sources of revenue for the club.
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Document for Analysis and Revision Please do the following: Read the poorly written email below • Re-write (revise) the email Post your work to this Discussion After you post your re-write, read the post of one other person in the class "Reply" to their post and include a constructive comment, pointing out one thing you think they did well in their revision (Please read the tips on constructive feedback are summarized in Chapter 2 Table 2.1 of the textbook) Here are some questions to ask yourself to guide your revision work and ensure you apply the chapter content as you revise What is the real phypose of this message? Could you make it more "direct"? Which words and phrases are overly complicated, clichéd, too informal, or overly formal? Could you replace them with more simple, familiar words or phrases? Which sentences or words are overly negative? Could they be positively phrased? Are there "/we" (writer-focused) sentences that could be rewritten with a "you" (audience-focused) attitude? This email is to Therese a Rwandan maker of very well-made and stylish home decor items World Styles is writing to Therese because they want to sell Therese's products on their website. However, Therese is very careful about where they showcase their products Below is the original email, you can see it needs revising! Our online store, World Styles, specializes in only the very best items for discerning customers who want their home spaces to look sensational. We regularly search worldwide looking for items that are good enough and well-built enough and classy enough-good enough that is to take their place alongside the hundreds of other carefully selected items that we show on the pages of our award-winning website, www workplacestyles.com We shoot for the stars, as the saying goes, every time we select a product to include in our catalogue, we don't want to waste our time with less valuable products that might sell half a dozen units per year --no, we want every product to be a hugely humungous success, selling at least one hundred units per specific model per year in order to justify our expense and hassle factor in adding it to the above mentioned portfolio. After careful consideration, we thusly concluded that your amazing products meet our needs and would therefore like to add it
World Styles sends an inquiry email to Therese, expressing interest in showcasing her home decor items on their online store due to their high quality and potential for success.
Subject: World Styles Partnership Inquiry
Dear Therese,
I hope this email finds you well. We at World Styles have recently come across your beautifully crafted home decor items and believe they would make a great addition to our online store. Our website, www.workplacestyles.com, is dedicated to showcasing high-quality, stylish products for our discerning customers who appreciate unique and well-designed home furnishings.
We have carefully reviewed your products and are confident that they align with our commitment to offering exceptional items to our audience. Our goal is to feature products that can achieve significant success on our platform, selling at least one hundred units per specific model per year.
We understand that you are selective about where you showcase your products, and we want to assure you that World Styles shares your dedication to quality and excellence. We would be honored to discuss the possibility of selling your home decor items on our website.
Please let us know if you would be interested in exploring a potential partnership. We are more than happy to provide any additional information you may require and discuss the next steps.
Thank you for considering World Styles as a platform for your exquisite home decor items. We look forward to hearing from you soon.
Best regards,
[Your Name]
[Your Title]
World Styles
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Which of the following statements concerning the human life value of David, the principal breadwinner of his family, is correct?
It does not consider the family’s share of income.
It does not consider the self-maintenance costs of Curtis.
It uses an inflation-adjusted rate to determine present value.
It disregards Curtis’s average annual earnings over his productive lifetime.
The correct option is "It disregards Curtis’s average annual earnings over his productive lifetime".
Human Life Value (HLV) is the economic value of a human being’s productive capacity or earnings potential and is calculated based on the present value of his or her future earnings.
It is used to determine the amount of life insurance required to protect the family’s standard of living if the main breadwinner dies unexpectedly.
The principle is based on the idea that the loss of future earnings is the most significant financial loss a family faces when the primary earner dies. HLV considers the following factors:
1. Income
2. Age
3. Education
4. Health
5. Occupation
6. Inflation
7. Number of dependents
David, the principal breadwinner of his family, is responsible for the family's livelihood.
Human Life Value calculations determine how much life insurance David should have to protect his family's standard of living in the event of his untimely death.
Human Life Value does not account for the family's share of income. The self-maintenance costs of Curtis, David's child, are not considered either.
The inflation-adjusted rate is used to determine the present value. It disregards Curtis’s average annual earnings over his productive lifetime.
Therefore, the correct option is "It disregards Curtis’s average annual earnings over his productive lifetime".
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