Potassium chlorate, a common oxidizing agent in fireworks and matchheads, undergoes a solid-state disproportionation reaction when heated:

4KClO3 (s) ⟶ Δ3KClO4 (s) + KCl (s).

Use ΔHf ° and S° values to calculate ΔG_sys ° (which is ΔGrxn °) in kJ at 25°C for this reaction.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

[tex]\text{From the information given:}[/tex]

[tex]\text{The chemical reaction is : } 4 KClO_{3(s)} \to 3 KClO_{4(s)} + KCl_{(s)}[/tex]

[tex]\text{To find} \ \Delta G^0_{rxn}\ \text{using the formula}: \\ \\ \Delta G^0_{rxn} = \sum n_p \times \Delta _f G^0 (Products) - \sum n_R \times \Delta _fG^0 ( Reactants) \\ \\ where; n_p = \text{no of moles of products } \ and; \\ \\ n_R = \text{no of moles of reactants }[/tex]

[tex]\implies G^0_{rxn} = 3 \times \Delta _fG^0 [KClO_4{(s)}] + \Delta_fG^0[KCl_{(s)}] - 4 \times \Delta _f G^0 [ KClO_3 (s) ][/tex]

[tex]\Delta _fG^0 \ values \ at \ 25^0 \ C (298 \ K) are\ given \ as:\\\\ \Delta _fG^0 [KClO_4(s)] = -303.09 \ kJ \\ \\ \Delta _fG^0 [KCl(s) ] = - 409.14 \ kJ \\ \\ \Delta_f G^0 [KClO_3_{(s)}] = -296.25 \ kJ \\ \\ replacing \ the \ above \ values \ into \ equation (1) ; then:\\ \\ \\\Delta G^0_{rxn} = 3 *(-303.09) + (-409.14) - 4*(-296.25) \ kJ \\ \\ = (-909.27 - 409.14 + 1185) \ kJ \\ \\ = -133.41 \ kJ \\ \\ \mathbf{\Delta G^0_{rxn} = -133.4 \ kJ }[/tex]

Answer 2

The standard free energy change of the reaction is -133 kJ.

From the reaction equation, we have; 4KClO3 ⇄ 3KClO4 (s) + KCl (s). The standard free energy of formation of each specie is given below;

ΔG°f KClO3 = -296.35 kJ

ΔG°f KClO4 = -303.09 kJ

ΔG°f KCl = -409.14 kJ

Hence;

ΔG°rxn = [3(-303.09)] + ( -409.14)] - [(4( -296.35))]

ΔG°rxn = (-909.27) + (-409.14) - (-1185.4)

ΔG°rxn = -133 kJ

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Related Questions

Of the three Intermolecular forces, the type with the largest dissociation energy is ________.
A. Dipole-dipole interactions
B. Dispersion forces
C. Hydrogen bonds​

Answers

Answer:

C. Hydrogen bonds​

Explanation:

Strongest intermolecular force

Hydrogen Bonding (H-Bonding)

Hydrogen bonds are caused by highly electronegative atoms. They only occur between hydrogen and oxygen, fluorine or nitrogen, and are the strongest intermolecular force.

Answer: C hydrogen bonds

Explanation:

PCR amplification utilizes ________ template to produce a ________ product. For this question, select the answer that best describes the process as a whole: the nature of the template you used (the starting template added to the reaction) and the nature of the final product produced in your PCR analysis that you ran out on a gel will apply here.

Answers

Answer:

Double-stranded/Double-stranded

Explanation:

The PCR which is popularly known as polymerase chain reaction is the technique that uses the single copy of DNA to make thousands or levels a huge number(in terms of millions) of duplicates of that DNA.  

The PCR is a laboratory procedure that is utilized to make various duplicates of a section of DNA as depicted previously. It is an unmistakable strategy.  

There are 3 fundamental advances in PCR:

Denaturing  

Annealing  

Extending  

In denaturing measure requires warming of the double-stranded DNA template to isolate it into a solitary strand. Eventually, it resulted into a double-stranded item.

Express
as
ordinary numbers.
3 x 10^0=

Answers

any number to the power of zero is equal to 1
so 10^0=1 and 3 x 1 = 3 !

- Explain why the term greenhouse effect is used to describe the theory of global
warming.
Does the greenhouse effect affect life on Earth? If yes, explain how?
What are the possible effects of a buildup of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere?

Answers

The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat. This process makes Earth much warmer than it would be without an atmosphere. It is one of the things that makes Earth a comfortable place to live.

Which compound is more soluble in water at 25°C?
A.
MgF2 (Ksp = 5.2 x 10-11)
B.
SrF2 (Ksp = 7.9 x 10-10)
C.
AgBr (Ksp = 5.0 x 10-13)
D.
Agl (Ksp = 1.5 * 10-16)

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

The solubility depends on the ksp. As the value of ksp increases the compound becomes more and more soluble.

In the options, the highest ksp value is 10^-10, thus that one is the most soluble.

help with my science about the human body

Answers

Well uhm...what’s your question

Answer:

am sorry what exactly is your question?

Heat flows from hotter objects to colder objects until it reaches a state where heat is no longer flowing.What have the objects reached when heat is not longer flowing?

Answers

A state of equilibrium.

Advise a friend who responds to conflict by using the strategies below on why
each (strategy) is not healthy for sustaining positive relationships.
a. Confrontation​

Answers

Answer:

When there is a conflict and if a friend responding to conflict with confrontation it may affect positively or negatively both ways depend how he responds or confront the other person he has a conflict with. But normally people alienate with the person being confrontational. A friend should try to resolve the conflict by making an amicable solution.

if it is used correctly it could help in making the relationship strong, however, confronting by attacking them verbally, insult them, or talking loudly among the group of people can escalate the conflict.

I will advise him to be cautious of the approach as it may positively or negatively affect the situation.

What is Confrontation?

This is the process which involves directly engaging one another in the course of a dispute between them.

This method however could either resolve the conflict or worsen it which is why special approach should be taken by being calm and being respectful to the other party involved.

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If 22.4L = I moles How many liter of CO2 are produced if you produce 9.6 moles of CO2?

Answers

Answer:

215 moles

Explanation:

[tex]9.6mol CO_{2} (\frac{22.4 L CO_{2}}{1 mol CO_{2}} ) = 215 L CO_{2}[/tex]

A change resulting in one or more new substances being formed is a?

A. nuclear reaction
B.physical property
C. chemical change
D.physical change

Answers

Answer:

C. Chemical change

Explanation:

A physical change is where something is changed but it doesnt affect the build up of the chemical. For example, if you broke sticks and threw them on the ground, that would be a physical change because the change is happening to the physical being of the object and not its chemical buildup. However, if you lit those sticks on fire, that would be considered a chemical change because you end up with two substances, ash and the remnants of the stick. A nuclear reaction would result in something blowing up so its not that. And a physical property is like what it looks like or how it smells. Hope I helped you!

Use the following balanced reaction to solve 1-3:
P4 (s) + 6H2 (g) → 4PH3 (g)

How many grams of phosphorus trihydride will be formed by reacting 60 L of Hydrogen gas with an excess of P4?

Answers

Answer:

60.86 g of PH₃

Explanation:

We'll begin by calculating the number of mole of H₂ that will occupy 60 L. This can be obtained as follow:

22.4 L = 1 mole of H₂

Therefore,

60 L = 60 / 22.4

60 L = 2.68 mole of H₂.

Next, we shall determine the number of mole of PH₃ produced by the reaction of 60 L (i.e 2.68 mole) of H₂. This can be obtained as follow:

P₄ + 6H₂ –> 4PH₃

From the balanced equation above,

6 moles of H₂ reacted to produce 4 moles of PH₃.

Therefore, 2.68 moles of H₂ will react to to produce = (2.68 × 4)/6 = 1.79 moles of PH₃.

Finally, we shall determine the mass of 1.79 moles of PH₃. This can be obtained as follow:

Mole of PH₃ = 1.79 moles

Molar mass of PH₃ = 31 + (3×1)

= 31 + 3 = 34 g/mol

Mass of PH₃ =?

Mass = mole × molar mass

Mass of PH₃ = 1.79 × 34

Mass of PH₃ = 60.86 g

Thus, 60.86 g of PH₃ were obtained from the reaction.

Why does an asteroid get hotter when it goes close to the sun?

Answers

It gets hotter because if the heat waves from the sun we all know the sun is really hot obviously so the heat wave make it hot

A compound accepts electrons from another substance to form a covalent bond. Which term best describes this
compound's behavior?
-Lewis acid
-Arrhenius base
-Bronsted-Lowry acid
-Bronsted-Lowry base

Answers

Answer:

A). Lewis Acid

Explanation:

deez

The term that best describes the compound that accepts electrons from another substance to form a covalent bond is Lewis acid.

What is Lewis acid?

Lewis acid is a compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound while a Lewis base is a compound such as the OH- ion, that can donate a pair of non-bonding electrons.

According to this question, a compound accepts electrons from another substance to form a covalent bond.

Therefore, the term that best describes the compound that accepts electrons from another substance to form a covalent bond is Lewis acid.

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The fizz in the soda that we drink is carbonic acid. Leaving the soda can open to the environment separates the carbonic acid into water and carbon dioxide. What type of reaction is this and what is the resulting product?

Answers

Answer:

The reactionnis known as a decomposition reaction

The equation of the reaction is given below as:

H₂CO₃ -----> H₂O + CO₂

Explanation:

A reaction in which a single compound is split into two or more simpler substances is known as a decomposition reaction.

In the reaction in which when a soda can is opened and left to the environment, the fizz in the soda, carbonic acid, separates into water and carbon dioxide is an example of a decomposition reaction.

The equation of the reaction is given below:

H₂CO₃ -----> H₂O + CO₂

In the reaction above, a larger molecular weight compound, carbonic acid with the molecular, H₂CO₃ is splits into two simpler substances of smaller molecular weight, water, H₂O and carbon dioxide, CO₂.

This reaction rate is made faster by an increase in temperature and by a decrease in pressure of the soda.

explain what you would do expect caesium astatide to look like .will it be soluble in water ?explain your reasoning​

Answers

Answer:

it will not be soluble in water Becoz it can only be

separated by passing it through silver nitrate solution

Explanation:

i hope you understand

Which is a similarity between a fish embryo and a bird embryo in the early stages of development?
Gill slits
forelimbs
jaw bones
hindlimbs

Answers

Hindlimbs should be the answer

Answer:

Gill Slits

Explanation:

For the one who asked what hind limbs are they are back legs :)

In a neutralization reaction, bases donate.

Answers

*☆*――*☆*――*☆*――*☆*――*☆*――*☆*――*☆*――*☆**☆*――*☆*――*☆*――*☆

Answer: I think it is hydroxide ion but im not sure

Explanation:

I hope this helped!

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- Zack Slocum

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What happens to the pH when alkali is added to the distilled water?

Answers

Adding water to an acid or base will change its pH. ... The acid is becoming less acidic. Similarly, when an alkali is diluted with water the concentration of OH - ions decreases. This causes the pH of the alkali to fall towards 7, making the solution less alkaline as more water is added

Alkali is a chemical that is characterized by reacting with acids to produce salts. When alkali or base are added to the distilled water then pH increases.

What is pH?

The pH has been defined as the concentration of the hyronium or the hydrogen ions that releases when dissolved in water. The concentration of the hydroxide and the hydrogen are the determining factor of the acidic and basic nature.

The acids are characterized by the low pH (below 7) whereas, the basic compounds are characterized by the high pH (above 7). The pH scale is used to measure the pH of the solution.

When an alkali is added to the distilld water then hydroxide ions are relesed resulting in an increase in the basicity of the water sample. The pH range depends on the strong and weak base.

Therefore, the pH increases after ading alkaline solution.

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Classify the following as either an element, compound, homogeneous mixture or
heterogeneous mixture:
milk

Answers

Answer:

Heterogeneous

Explanation:

Milk seems to be homogeneous mixture but actually milk is a heterogeneous mixture and a colloid solution.

Suppose you are titrating vinegar, which is an acetic acid solution of unknown strength, with a sodium hydroxide solution according to the equation H C 2 H 3 O 2 + N a O H ⟶ H 2 O + N a C 2 H 3 O 2 HCX2HX3OX2+NaOH⟶HX2O+NaCX2HX3OX2 If you require 33.98 mL of 0.1656 M N a O H NaOH solution to titrate 10.0 mL of H C 2 H 3 O 2 HCX2HX3OX2 solution, what is the molar concentration of acetic acid in the vinegar? Type answer:

Answers

Answer:

[tex]M_{acid}=0.563M[/tex]

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, given the neutralization of the acetic acid as a weak one with sodium hydroxide as a strong base, we can see how the moles of the both of them are the same at the equivalence point; thus, it is possible to write:

[tex]M_{acid}V_{acid}=M_{base}V_{base}[/tex]

Thus, we solve for the molarity of the acid to obtain:

[tex]M_{acid}=\frac{M_{base}V_{base}}{V_{acid}} \\\\ M_{acid}=\frac{33.98mL*0.1656M}{10.0mL}\\\\ M_{acid}=0.563M[/tex]

Regards!


Which general equation represents an endothermic reaction?
A. reactants - energy - products + energy
B. reactants
products + energy
C. reactants + products - energy
D. reactants + energy
products

Answers

Explanation:

The general equation for an endothermic reaction is: Reactants + Energy → Products.

Hope it helps :)❤

The equation represents an endothermic reaction is reactants + energy

products.

What is an endothermic reaction?

Endothermic reactions are chemical reactions in which the reactants soak up warm strength from the surroundings to form products.

net energy is not released.heat is not evolved with the product.heat is required to start the reaction.increase with the increase in temperature.decrease with a decrease in temperature.

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Simone is helping her mom cook. She takes a glass casserole dish directly from the refrigerator and put it in the oven. Which best explains the result of putting the cold dish in the hot oven?
Group of answer choices

The dish stays cool and will not warm.

The dish quickly changes color.

The dish cracks or breaks.

The dish contracts and shrinks.

Answers

Answer:

I think the dish contracts and shrinks

Answer:

The dish cracks or breaks.

Explanation:

When glass changes temperature rapidly, it may undergo thermal shock. This is stress that is produced by a sudden change in temperature.

1,3,5,7-Cyclooctatetraene, C8H8, is an unusual hydrocarbon in that it reacts with exactly 2 equivalents of potassium to give A, C8H8K2, which can be isolated as a white solid. A exhibits a single proton NMR signal. Draw the structure of A

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The main assignment here is to provide the structure of A. But before that, let us explain briefly some certain things:

The proton NMR (1H) gives data about the quantity of non-identical protons present in the structure. The resonance frequency is seen regarding the standard compound (0 ppm), which is addressed as a chemical shift. The same protons have equal value of chemical shift.

The protons that are available in a similar environment are addressed as comparable protons and the protons with various conditions are called non-identical protons.

However, from the image below, we can see the reaction of the compound 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene resulting in 2 equivalents of potassium forming an aromatic dianion.

I don’t understand please help

Answers

It’s C)H2SO4
Good luck
I agree the answer is C according to my research about it

What is the function of white blood cells?
A) immunity
b) carry nutrients, waste
C) blood clotting

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

They help fight infection and other disease

Answer:

immunity is the answer for this question

five good habit to clean our surrounding​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Invest in a reusable water bottle. ...

Bring your own reusable cup. ...

Refuse single-use items. ...

Avoid products with microbeads. ...

Shop in bulk

Pick up trash you see

Reuse water bottles

Car pool if ur friends go to the same place

Plain trees

Walk and not drive if where ur going is close

what is the molecular formula of a compound with the empirical SO and molecular weight 96.13?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation: A compound with the empirical formula SO has a molecular weight of 96.13

How many moles is equal 82.4 grams of CO,?

Answers

Answer:

1 mole = 28.0101

Hence,

82.4 = around 2.8 mole

Have a great day <3

Solution Mass of NaCl (9) Volume of water (mL)
A
5.0
50.0
B
5.0
75.0
с
5.0
100.0
D
5.0
125.0
Which of the solutions has the highest salt concentration?
O A Solution B
B. Solution A
O
C. Solution C
D. Solution D

Answers

Divide the volume of water with mass of salt and multiply with 100 you'll get the concentration percentage

answer is B, because solution A's percentage is 10%

brainliest plz

what career field/job would utilize ppm units
A environmental jobs
B Medical fields
C Jobs at the brewery
D Jobs in analytical chemistry

Answers

Jobs in analytical chem tht is because it’s parts per million and when calculating the amount of an element in a mole
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