The ΔH for the reaction [tex]NO (g) + O (g) = > NO^2 (g)[/tex] is 154kJ.
To calculate this, we need to add the ΔH values from the other reactions:
[tex]NO (g) + O^{3} (g)[/tex]→[tex]NO^{2} (g) + O^2(g)[/tex], ΔH =-199 kJ
[tex]O^3 (g)[/tex]→[tex]32O^2[/tex] (g), ΔH =-142 kJ
[tex]O^2[/tex] (g)→2O (g), ΔH =+495 kJ
Therefore, the ΔH for the reaction [tex]NO (g) + O (g) = > NO^2[/tex] (g) is:
(-199 kJ) + (-142 kJ) + (495 kJ) = 154kJ
First, we need to reverse the third reaction:
[tex]2O (g) = > O^2[/tex] (g), ΔH = -495 kJ
Now, we can add the first and the reversed third reactions to cancel out the O2 term and get the given reaction:
[tex]NO (g) + 2O (g) = > NO^2 (g)[/tex], ΔH = -199 kJ - (-495 kJ) = +296 kJ
Finally, we can use the second reaction to convert the ozone term to oxygen:
[tex]O^3 (g) = > 3O^2 (g)[/tex], ΔH = -142 kJ (multiply by 3 to cancel out the O2 term)
[tex]3O (g) = > O^3 (g)[/tex], ΔH = +142 kJ (reverse the equation)
Adding this equation to the previous one, we get:
[tex]NO (g) + O (g) = > NO^2 (g)[/tex], ΔH = +296 kJ + (-142 kJ) = 154 kJ
The ΔH for the given reaction is 154 kJ.
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What is the value for the activation energy of the reaction using the information in the table?
The activation energy is 101, 800J/mol
What is the activation energy?Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction by breaking the bonds of the reactant molecules. In other words, it is the energy barrier that must be overcome before a chemical reaction can occur.
Given that;
[tex]ln(k2/k1) = -Ea/R(1/T2 - 1/T1)\\ln(5 * 10^-4/4.9 * 10^-3) = -Ea/8.314(1/318 - 1/336)\\-2.28 = -2 * 10^-5 Ea\\Ea = 2.28/2 * 10^-5\\Ea = 101, 800J/mol[/tex]
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What bonding pattern do you observe that you could use to predict whether a compound will be a gas at stp?
Answer:
Covalent compounds are typically liquids or gases at room temperature, although the more complex and the larger the molecule, the greater the chance that it could exist as a solid.
Explanation:
From desch.org
What is the formula for magnesium ion and iodine ion?
Answer:
MgI2
Explanation:
Mg ion is Mg2+ while I ion is I-
so the formula is MgI2
Is this Correct also i dont know what the last one is? Chem work please.
Therefore, 8 moles of aluminum would require 12 moles of chlorine to react completely and produce 8 moles of aluminum chloride.
What is reaction?A reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. In other words, a chemical reaction is the breaking of chemical bonds in reactants and the formation of new chemical bonds to create products. Chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms and electrons, leading to the formation of new substances with different properties than the original substances.
Here,
The balanced equation is:
2 Al + 3 Cl2 → 2 AlCl3
a. According to the balanced equation, 2 moles of aluminum reacts with 3 moles of chlorine to produce 2 moles of aluminum chloride. Therefore, 4 moles of aluminum chloride would require:
4 moles AlCl3 x (3 moles Cl2 / 2 moles AlCl3) = 6 moles Cl2
So, 4 moles aluminum chloride is equivalent to 6 moles chlorine.
b. Similarly, according to the balanced equation, 2 moles of aluminum reacts with 2 moles of aluminum chloride. Therefore, 1 mole of aluminum chloride would require:
1 mole AlCl3 x (2 moles Al / 2 moles AlCl3) = 1 mole Al
So, 1 mole aluminum chloride is equivalent to 1 mole aluminum.
c. Finally, using the mole ratios from parts (a) and (b), we can determine the number of moles of chlorine that would be produced if 8 moles of aluminum reacted:
8 moles Al x (2 moles AlCl3 / 2 moles Al) x (3 moles Cl2 / 2 moles AlCl3) = 12 moles Cl2
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i need help please i don’t understand
Tertiary or intermediate colors can be created from color mixing.
What Are Tertiary Colors?In a particular color system like RGB, CMYK (more modern), or RYB[2], a tertiary color or intermediate color is created by combining complete intensity of one primary color with half saturation of another primary color and none of a third primary color (traditional).
For the RGB color wheel and the RYB color wheel, tertiary hues have generic names that vary slightly. The following titles are displayed. Another meaning of tertiary color is offered by color theorists like Moses Harris and Josef Albers , who propose that tertiary colors are produced by combining complimentary colors or sets of secondary colors, such as orange-green, green-purple, and purple-orange.
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find the molarity of a solution with 952 grams of ammonium carbonate are dissolved to make 1750 ml of solution
The molarity of a solution with 952 grams of ammonium carbonate dissolved to make 1750 ml of solution is: 0.54 mol/L.
The molarity of a solution can be calculated by dividing the amount of solute (in this case ammonium carbonate) by the volume of the solution. In this case, 952 grams of ammonium carbonate are dissolved in 1750 mL of solution. Therefore, the molarity of the solution can be calculated as follows:
Molarity = (952 g ammonium carbonate) / (1750 mL solution) = 0.54 mol/L
To calculate the molarity, first, we need to calculate the moles of ammonium carbonate. We can do this using the molar mass of ammonium carbonate, which is 53.49 g/mol. We divide the mass of ammonium carbonate by its molar mass to get the number of moles:
(952 g ammonium carbonate) / (53.49 g/mol) = 17.77 mol
Then, we divide this number by the volume of the solution (in liters):
(17.77 mol) / (1750 mL/1000 mL/L) = 0.54 mol/L
Therefore, the molarity of the solution is 0.54 mol/L.
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What best describes the change taking place in section BC of the graph?
a
The intermolecular bonds of the solid state are being broken as particles vibrate faster.
b
The intermolecular bonds of the liquid state are being broken as particles flow faster.
c
The temperature of the solid rises to increase the kinetic energy of its particles.
d
The temperature of the liquid rises to increase the kinetic energy of its particles.
The intermolecular bonds of the solid state are being broken as particles vibrate faster. The solid would be converted into liquid in the process.
What is the process of fusion of a solid?Fusion is the process of melting a solid into a liquid state, which occurs when heat energy is applied to the solid. The heat energy causes the molecules in the solid to vibrate more rapidly, which eventually leads to the breaking of the intermolecular bonds that hold the solid together. Once these bonds are broken, the solid turns into a liquid.
The solid is heated to a temperature at which the intermolecular bonds begin to break. The temperature at which this occurs depends on the material and its specific properties.
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to calculate the specific heat capacity of a material, the mass of the material need to be measured
Temperature of the material needs to be measured. Then the equation Q=mcΔT needs to be used, where Q is the heat energy, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity and ΔT is the change intemperature.
What is material?Material is something that can be seen, felt, and/or interacted with. It is the physical substance of which a thing is composed. Materials can be made up of elements, compounds, and/or mixtures of these. Examples of materials include metals, plastics, rubber, wood, paper, cloth, glass, and water. Each material has unique properties such as strength, weight, color, texture, and durability. The choice of material used in a design or product is important as it affects the cost, performance, and overall success of the item.
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do you think that cyclohexane would behave similarly to water toward the charged rod? explain why or why not. be specific about the role that polarity plays in the interaction with the rod.
No, cyclohexane would not behave similarly to water toward the charged rod.
Let's understand this in detail:
1. The primary reason for this difference is the polarity of the two substances. Water is a polar molecule, while cyclohexane is non-polar.
2. Polarity plays a crucial role in interacting with the charged rod. Polar molecules, like water, have a separation of charges due to the difference in electronegativity between their constituent atoms, which leads to the formation of a dipole moment.
3. This dipole moment allows water molecules to align themselves and interact with the charged rod, causing them to be attracted or repelled based on the charge of the rod.
4. Contrastingly, cyclohexane, a non-polar molecule, has an even distribution of electrons and no dipole moment. Therefore, it does not have a charge separation and cannot align or interact with the charged rod in the same way as water molecules.
5. This lack of interaction with the charged rod means that cyclohexane will not behave similarly to water in this scenario.
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What is meant by the term optical activity why is it that only certain kinds of molecules are optically active? How do chemists measure the optical activity of molecules
The capacity of a substance to rotate the polarization plane of an incident light beam.
Why are only some types of molecules optically active?Chiral molecules are said to be optically active because they can spin the plane of polarisation in a different way by interacting with the electric field in a different way. Generally speaking, optical isomers are molecules that rotate light in different directions.
How is optical activity measured and what does it mean?A polarimeter is used to measure optical activity, which is a chiral molecule's capacity to rotate the plane of plane-polarized light. A grouping of these molecules' optical activity is a macroscopic characteristic that results from their interactions with light.
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How many grams of Na2S2O3, would be required to produce 64.3 g NaBr? 2AgBr + Na₂S₂O3 → Ag2S₂O3 + 2NaBr Na₂S₂O3 158.12 g/mol NaBr 102.89 g/mol 1 ?] g Na₂S₂O3 Mass Na₂S₂O, (g) : Enter
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 49.41 grams of Na₂S₂O₃ is required to produce 64.3 g NaBr.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
2 AgBr + Na₂S₂O₃ → Ag₂S₂O₃ + 2 NaBr
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
AgBr: 2 molesNa₂S₂O₃: 1 moleAg₂S₂O₃: 1 moleNaBr: 2 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
AgBr: 187.76 g/moleNa₂S₂O₃: 158.12 g/moleAg₂S₂O₃: 327.86 g/moleNaBr: 102.89 g/moBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
AgBr: 2 moles ×187.76 g/mole= 375.52 gramsNa₂S₂O₃: 1 mole ×158.12 g/mole= 158.12 gramsAg₂S₂O₃: 1 mole ×327.86 g/mole= 327.86 gramsNaBr: 2 moles ×102.89 g/mole= 205.78 gramsMass of Na₂S₂O₃ requiredThe following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 205.78 grams of NaBr are produced by 158.12 grams of Na₂S₂O₃, 64.3 grams of NaBr are produced by how much mass of Na₂S₂O₃?
mass of Na₂S₂O₃= (64.3 grams of NaBr× 158.12 grams of Na₂S₂O₃) ÷205.78 grams of NaBr
mass of Na₂S₂O₃= 49.41 grams
Finally, 49.41 grams of Na₂S₂O₃ is required.
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Calculate the mass of copper if 8029.0 J of copper is cooled from 155 oC to 23 oC.
The specific heat of copper is 0.385 J/g*oC.
Copper vessel weight is 155g, or 0.15 kg. Copper has a heat capacity of 8029 J kg 8 K 1. Heat capacity is calculated as follows: 0.15 kg x 8029 J, or 1204.35. The melting temperature of copper metal is 1083 degrees Celsius, and its specific heat is 0.385 J/g.
How do you calculate the mass of the a copper piece?To calculate an element's molarity, just use mean atomic mass listed in the standard table. The average atomic mass of a element copper, which appears just on periodic table as 63.55 AMU, can be used to calculate its molar mass.
How can you determine an element's mass?The number od protons and neutrons in an atom are simply added to determine its atomic mass of that particular atom. Consider an oxygen atom, for instance, which has 8 electrons, 8 protons, and 8 neutrons. To get the atomic structure, just add 8 protons & 8 neutrons.
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The illustration depicts possible routes of collisions in the
reaction CH₂ = CH₂ + HCl → CH3CH₂Cl.
Which statement is true?
O The molecules do not change speed.
O The chlorine atom is a spectator ion in the reaction.
O The bonds are not broken in the reaction.
O The positioning of all reactants is crucial.
The correct statement is "The positioning of all reactants is crucial".
What are the reactants?
The given illustration shows the possible routes of collisions in the reaction CH₂ = CH₂ + HCl → [tex]CH_{3}CH_{2}Cl[/tex].
Regarding the given options, the correct statement is "The positioning of all reactants is crucial".
This is because, in this reaction, the reactants must collide with a specific orientation or positioning in order for the reaction to occur. Specifically, the chlorine atom from HCl must collide with one of the carbon atoms in ethylene (CH₂=CH₂) in a way that allows the bond between the carbon and hydrogen to break and a bond to form between the chlorine and the carbon atom. This type of reaction is known as an addition reaction, and it requires the proper orientation of the reactant molecules for it to occur.
Therefore, the positioning of all reactants is crucial for this reaction to take place.
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Why is there no reaction between solid magnesium metal and aqueous sodium nitrate? Use this activity series to help you.
Answer:
Because magnesium cannot displace sodium from solutions.
Q. 3 What is the relative rate of diffusion of NH 3 compared to He? Does NH 3 effuse faster or
slower than He?
the relative rate of diffusion of NH3 compared to He is 0.485 and NH3 deffuse slower than He
NH3 has a molar mass of 17 g/mol and He has a molar mass of 4 g/mol. We can calculate the relative rate of diffusion of NH3 compared to He using Graham's law of diffusion as follows:
Relative rate of diffusion = (Molar mass of He / Molar mass of NH3) squared
Relative diffusion rate =
[tex] \sqrt{4 g/mol / 17 g/mol)} [/tex]
The relative rate of diffusion is equal to the square root of 0.235.
Diffusion rate relative = 0.485
As a result, the relative rate of diffusion of NH3 versus He is approximately 0.485.
As a result, NH3 diffuses more slowly than He. Similarly, because effusion rate is proportional to square root of molar mass, NH3 will effuse more slowly than He.
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Why are there different ways to describe an atom?
Answer:
Atoms are complex structures, and scientists use different models or descriptions to explain their behavior and properties. These models have evolved over time as our understanding of the atom has increased.
One reason for the different ways to describe an atom is that atoms have both particle-like and wave-like properties. Early models, such as the Thomson model, viewed atoms as a positively charged sphere with negatively charged electrons scattered throughout. Later models, such as the Rutherford model and Bohr model, introduced the concept of the nucleus and orbiting electrons.
As our understanding of quantum mechanics improved, new models, such as the quantum mechanical model, were developed to better explain the wave-like nature of electrons and their behavior within atoms. This model uses a mathematical approach to describe the probability of finding an electron in a specific location within an atom.
Additionally, different models may be better suited for different purposes. For example, the Bohr model is often used in introductory chemistry courses to explain the concept of energy levels, while the quantum mechanical model is more advanced and can be used to calculate more precise properties of atoms.
In summary, the different ways to describe an atom reflect the evolving nature of scientific understanding, as well as the need for different models to explain different aspects of the atom.
Explanation:
The specific heat of a certain type of cooking oil is 1. 75 J/(g°C). How much heat energy is needed to raise the temperature of
2. 11 kg of this oil from 23 °C to 191 °C?
The heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 2.11 kg of the cooking oil from 23°C to 191°C is 609960 J.
To calculate the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of the cooking oil, we can use the formula:
Q = m × c × ΔT
where:
Q = heat energy (in joules)
m = mass of oil (in grams)
c = specific heat of the oil (in J/(g°C))
ΔT = change in temperature (in °C)
First, we need to convert the mass of the oil from 2.11 kg to grams:
2.11 kg = 2.11 x 1000 g/kg = 2110 g
Substituting the given values into the formula, we have:
Q = 2110 g × 1.75 J/(g°C) × (191°C - 23°C)
Q = 2110 g × 1.75 J/(g°C) × 168°C
Q = 609960 J
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In physical labs, when conducting this experiment, sometimes the metal is heated and cooled for several rounds. After each round, the mass is recorded. This continues until the mass measurements remain the same. Explain the purpose of this process and how it might reduce errors.
Answer:
The purpose of heating and cooling the metal for several rounds in the experiment is to ensure that it reaches a stable state or equilibrium. This equilibrium state means that the metal has reached a constant temperature and has stopped losing or gaining weight due to chemical reactions. By recording the mass after each round of heating and cooling, scientists can monitor the weight changes and determine when the metal has reached a stable state.
The repeated rounds of heating and cooling also help to reduce errors in the experiment. By conducting multiple rounds of heating and cooling, any residual impurities or gases on the surface of the metal will be removed. This ensures that the metal is in a pure state before measurements are taken, which increases the accuracy of the final results. Additionally, the repeated rounds of heating and cooling allow for any fluctuations in the ambient temperature to be accounted for, further reducing errors in the experiment. Overall, the process of heating and cooling the metal multiple times helps to ensure accuracy and reliability in the experimental results.
Explanation:
Before scientists publish their data and conclusions in scientific journals, they ask other experts in the same field to review the work and ensure that the results and conclusions are valid. What is this process called?
Before scientists publish their data and conclusions in scientific journals, they ask other experts in the same field to review the work and ensure that the results and conclusions are valid. This is known as Peer review.
Why is it necessary for scientists to publish their results in a peer-reviewed journal before their work is accepted seriously?Research project outcomes are evaluated by the scientific and medical communities after publication in peer-reviewed journals. It also offers guidelines so that additional researchers might carry out the experiment or expand on it to validate the findings.
What are scientific journals' peer-review procedures?Before a paper is published, its quality is evaluated through a process called peer review. To assist editors in deciding whether to publish a manuscript in their journal, independent researchers in the relevant field evaluate submitted manuscripts for originality, validity, and significance.
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Using the balanced equation below,how many grams of sodiumthiosulfate would be required toproduce 64.3 g NaBr?AgBr + 2Na2S2O3 → Na3Ag(S203)2 + NaBr
Answer: 197.26 g Na2S2O3
Explanation:
64.3/103 (molar mass of NaBr) X 2 moles Na2S2O3 X 158 (molar mass of Na2S2O3.
The force that keeps a satellite in Earth’s orbit is directed where?
a.always toward the center of the Earth
b.always away from the center of Earth
c.either toward or away from Earth
d.always in the direction the satellite is moving
The fοrce that keeps a satellite in Earth’s οrbit is directed always away frοm the center οf Earth, sο, οptiοn (b) is cοrrect.
What is distance?Distance is an οbject's οverall mοvement, regardless οf directiοn. Distance refers tο the length οf an οbject's real rοute as a whοle. The displacement οf an οbject between twο pοints is defined as the straight line distance (shοrtest distance), measured frοm οne pοsitiοn tο the οther.
What is fοrce?A bοdy can change its state οf rest οr mοtiοn when an external fοrce acts οn it. It is directed and has a magnitude.
Therefοre, fοrce that keeps a satellite in Earth’s οrbit is directed always away frοm the center οf Earth, sο, οptiοn (b) is cοrrect.
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A metal can is able to withstand 3,800 kPa before it bursts. The gas in the can has a volume of 235 mL and the pressure is 110 kPa at 25°C. If the can is crushed to a volume of 8. 5 mL and the temperature does not change will it burst? What is the pressure of the gas in the can?
The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its volume, according to Boyle's Law. this pressure is less than the maximum pressure that the can can withstand (3,800 kPa), the can will not burst.
Therefore, we can use the following equation to find the pressure of the gas in the can after it is crushed: P1V1 = P2V2 where P1 and V1 are the initial pressure and volume of the gas, and P2 and V2 are the final pressure and volume of the gas, respectively. Given that the initial volume (V1) of the gas in the can is 235 mL and the initial pressure (P1) is 110 kPa, we can substitute these values into the equation P1V1 = P2V2 110 kPa × 235 mL = P2 × 8.5 mL Solving for P2, we get: P2 = (110 kPa × 235 mL) / 8.5 mL P2 = 3,027 kPa Therefore, the pressure of the gas in the can after it is crushed to a volume of 8.5 mL is 3,027 kPa. Since this pressure is less than the maximum pressure that the can can withstand (3,800 kPa), the can will not burst.
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Carolyn observed a freshwater plant, Elodea, in a small aquarium filled with freshwater
on her desk. In one five-minute period, Carolyn counted 32 bubbles that formed on the
plant’s leaves and were released into the water. She then moved the aquarium closer
to a sunlit window and observed the Elodea again. In a second five-minute period,
Carolyn observed 194 bubbles form and be released by the Elodea into the water.
a. Describe how the bubbles released by the Elodea signify that the plant is cycling
matter. Provide evidence to support your answer.
b. Explain why the number of gas bubbles produced by the Elodea in a five-minute
period increased when the aquarium was moved from the desk to the sunlit window
Carolyn observed a freshwater plant, Elodea, in a small aquarium filled with freshwater on her desk.
In one five-minute period, Carolyn counted 32 bubbles that formed on the plant’s leaves and were released into the water. She then moved the aquarium closer to a sunlit window and observed the Elodea again. In a second five-minute period, Carolyn observed 194 bubbles form and be released by the Elodea into the water.
a. The bubbles released by Elodea signify that the plant is cycling matter because they are evidence of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a process by which plants convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in carbohydrates. The bubbles that form and are released from Elodea are oxygen which is a by-product of photosynthesis. The increase in the number of bubbles from 32 to 194 when the aquarium was moved closer to a sunlit window also supports this, as the increased light intensity enables the plant to carry out photosynthesis more quickly and efficiently.
b. The number of gas bubbles produced by Elodea in a five-minute period increased when the aquarium was moved from the desk to the sunlit window because the increased light intensity allows the plant to carry out photosynthesis more quickly and efficiently. Photosynthesis requires light energy from the sun in order to produce carbohydrates, and the increased light intensity allowed the plant to produce more oxygen as a by-product.
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13) If 20 liters of hydrogen gas are used, how many liters of nitrogen gas will be
needed for this reaction?
N₂ + 3H₂
2NH3
In this reaction, 20 liters of hydrogen gas must combine with 6.67 litres of nitrogen gas.
What is Nitrogen Gas?
According to the reaction's chemical equation, 1 mole of nitrogen (N2) interacts with 3 moles of hydrogen (H2) to create 2 moles of ammonia (NH3).
This indicates that the reaction's nitrogen:hydrogen ratio is 1:3.
We may set up a percentage using this ratio to calculate the quantity of nitrogen gas required to react with 20 litres of hydrogen gas:
1/3 = x/20
where x is the number of liters of nitrogen gas needed.
Solving for x, we get:
x = (1/3) × 20 = 6.67 liters
What is Hydrogen Gas?Methane, also known as natural gas, can be replaced with hydrogen, a clean fuel. It is the most prevalent chemical element and is thought to make about 75% of the universe's mass. Many hydrogen atoms can be found in water, plants, animals, and, of course, people here on earth.
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How many nitrogen atoms are there in one molecule of N2H4?
From the chemical formula of hydrazine, each patch has two Nitrogen tittles.
N2H4 is a tintless and ignitable liquid with a pungent odor. It's generally used as a reducing agent in chemical responses and as a rocket fuel. Each N2H4 patch contains two nitrogen tittles and four hydrogen tittles, with a molecular weight of32.04 g/ spook.
The patch has a direct shape with a bond angle of about 111 degrees between the two nitrogen tittles. The nitrogen tittles in N2H4 have a covalent bond between them, with each nitrogen snippet participating three electrons to form a triadic bond. The two hydrogen tittles are attached to each nitrogen snippet through single covalent bonds. Overall, N2H4 is an important and protean chemical with numerous artificial and exploration operations.
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Una estudiante de secundaria ha escuchado que añadir unas gotas de limon a la zona expuesta del alimento demora el proceso de oscurecimiento ; pero ¿ como podemos indagar cientificamente si esto es cierto ? ayudenme plis
To find out if the proposed hypothesis or scientific assumption is true, we must submit it to experimentation or hypothesis testing.
An experience is proposed in which the materials are needed:
1 apple
2 lemon
Cold water in container1. Cut and peel half of the apple and immerse it in cold water to which the juice of 2 lemons is added
2. The other half is left unpeeled exposed to the air
Results:
A. In the dough submerged in water it is observed that it does not darken while it is submerged in the water with lemon
B. In the apple exposed to the oxidation of the air, a noticeable darkening is observed .
Oxygen oxidizes the enzyme phenol oxidase present in the fruit, through complex reactions proteins are formed that darken the surface of the apple.
Lemon delays and prevents darkening
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Translated question : A high school student has heard that adding a few drops of lemon to the exposed area of food slows the browning process, but how can we scientifically find out if this is true?
fill in the blank from the image pls
AHe has
electrons.
Question 4
Lit has
electrons.
8,026
gn
protons,
protons,
么
))
MAR
2 pts
neutrons, and
3 pts
neutrons, and
Answer:
it has 2 protons 2 electrons and 2 neutrons
in this problem, you will calculate the molarity of acetic acid in vinegar and the pka of acetic acid. a. convert 5% (by mass) acetic acid into molarity. you may assume the density of vinegar is 1 g/ml. b. use the measured ph of vinegar to calculate the pka of acetic acid. c. calculate the percent error between the experimental and the theoretical pka (4.75).
Molarity of acetic acid = 0.00083 mol/L. Therefore, the percent error between the experimental and theoretical pKa of acetic acid is: Percent error = (experimental pKa - 4.75)/4.75 x 100%
a. To calculate the molarity of acetic acid in vinegar, you need to convert 5% (by mass) acetic acid into moles. To do this, you will use the equation:
Moles of acetic acid = (mass of acetic acid/molar mass of acetic acid) x (density of vinegar)
We can assume that the density of vinegar is 1 g/ml. The molar mass of acetic acid is 60.05 g/mol. So, we can calculate the moles of acetic acid as follows:
Moles of acetic acid = (0.05 g/60.05 g/mol) x (1 g/ml) = 0.00083 mol
To calculate the molarity of acetic acid, we need to divide the number of moles of acetic acid by the volume of vinegar (in liters):
Molarity of acetic acid = 0.00083 mol/L
b. To calculate the pKa of acetic acid, you need to use the measured pH of vinegar. The pH of a solution can be related to the pKa of an acid using the equation:
pKa = pH + log ([A-]/[HA])
where [A-] is the concentration of the acid’s conjugate base and [HA] is the concentration of the acid itself. The pKa of acetic acid is 4.75. So, the equation above can be rearranged to calculate the concentration of the conjugate base, [A-]:
[A-] = 10^(pKa - pH) x [HA]
Therefore, we can calculate the pKa of acetic acid given the measured pH of vinegar and the molarity of acetic acid:
pKa = pH + log ([A-]/[HA]) = measured pH + log (10^(pKa - pH) x [HA]/[HA]) = measured pH + log (10^(4.75 - measured pH))
c. To calculate the percent error between the experimental and theoretical pKa of acetic acid, we can use the following equation:
Percent error = (experimental - theoretical)/theoretical x 100%
Therefore, the percent error between the experimental and theoretical pKa of acetic acid is:
Percent error = (experimental pKa - 4.75)/4.75 x 100%
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If anyone takes Chemistry from BJU, can you please tell me the answers for the chapter 15 test about thermochemistry? I really don't feel confident going into this test, and I know I will fail without the answers.
The study of heat and energy in relation to various physical transformations and chemical processes is known as thermochemistry. Energy might be released or absorbed throughout the reaction ( exothermic).
How challenging is thermochemistry?Thermochemistry is difficult. Several fictitious terms, like enthalpy, entropy, and the dreaded Gibbs free energy, must be understood. These ideas are difficult to understand and full of traps. Unless you have a fantastic tutor for Cambridge Coaching who can make everything crystal obvious for you.
What are the two thermochemical laws?The law of conservation of energy, the law of conservation of mass, and Hess's law are the three fundamental principles of thermochemistry.
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In a survey of 3941 adults, 730 oppose allowing transgender students to use the bathrooms of the opposite biological sex.
3 Construct a 99% confidence interval for the population proportion. Interpret the results.
)
A 99% confidence interval for the population proportion is (1
(Round to three decimal places as needed. )
a
The 99% confidence that the true proportion of adults who oppose allowing transgender students to use the bathrooms of the opposite biological population sex is between 0.1626 and 0.2084.
This means that we are 99% confident that the true population proportion of adults who oppose allowing transgender students to use the bathrooms of the opposite biological gender lies between 18.3% and 22.3%.
To construct a 99% confidence interval for the population proportion, we can use the following formula:
confidence interval = sample proportion ± z* (standard error)
Where, sample proportion = proportion of people in the sample who oppose allowing transgender students to use the bathrooms of the opposite biological sex = 730/3941 = 0.1855
z* = the z-score corresponding to a 99% confidence level, which can be found using a standard normal distribution table or calculator. For a two-tailed test at the 99% confidence level, the z-score is 2.576.
standard error = the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the proportion, which can be calculated using the formula sqrt(p * (1-p) / n), where p is the sample proportion and n is the sample size.
Substituting the values we have:
confidence interval = 0.1855 ± 2.576 * sqrt(0.1855 * (1-0.1855) / 3941)
This simplifies to:
confidence interval = (0.1626, 0.2084)
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