a. The flexible budget materials cost for the manufacture of 5,000 finished units is $60,000.
b. The actual materials cost incurred for the manufacture of 5,000 finished units is $45,000, and the total materials variance is -$15,000.
c. $5,000 of the difference between the answers to requirements (a) and (b) was related to the price paid for the purchase of materials.
d. $28,000 of the difference between the answers to requirements (a) and (b) was related to the quantity of materials used.
a. The flexible budget materials cost for the manufacture of 5,000 finished units can be calculated by multiplying the standard materials cost per unit by the number of units produced. In this case, the standard materials cost per unit is determined by multiplying the standard quantity of materials (6 pounds) by the standard cost per pound ($2.00):
Standard materials cost per unit = 6 pounds/unit * $2.00/pound = $12.00/unit
To determine the flexible budget materials cost, we multiply the standard materials cost per unit by the number of units produced:
Flexible budget materials cost = $12.00/unit * 5,000 units = $60,000
b. The actual materials cost incurred for the manufacture of 5,000 finished units can be calculated by multiplying the actual quantity of materials used by the actual cost per pound. In this case, the actual quantity of materials used is given as 20,000 pounds and the actual cost per pound is $2.25:
Actual materials cost = 20,000 pounds * $2.25/pound = $45,000
To compute the total materials variance, we subtract the flexible budget materials cost from the actual materials cost:
Total materials variance = Actual materials cost - Flexible budget materials cost
= $45,000 - $60,000
= -$15,000
c. The difference between the answers to requirements (a) and (b) can be analyzed to determine how much was related to the price paid for the purchase of materials. To calculate this, we need to isolate the price variance, which is the difference between the standard cost per pound and the actual cost per pound, multiplied by the actual quantity of materials used:
Price variance = (Standard cost per pound - Actual cost per pound) * Actual quantity of materials used
= ($2.00/pound - $2.25/pound) * 20,000 pounds
= -$5,000
Therefore, $5,000 of the difference between the answers to requirements (a) and (b) was related to the price paid for the purchase of materials.
d. To determine how much of the difference between the answers to requirements (a) and (b) was related to the quantity of materials used, we need to isolate the quantity variance. The quantity variance is the difference between the standard quantity of materials and the actual quantity of materials used, multiplied by the standard cost per pound:
Quantity variance = (Standard quantity of materials - Actual quantity of materials used) * Standard cost per pound
= (6 pounds/unit - 20,000 pounds) * $2.00/pound
= -$28,000
Therefore, $28,000 of the difference between the answers to requirements (a) and (b) was related to the quantity of materials used.
In summary:
a. The flexible budget materials cost for the manufacture of 5,000 finished units is $60,000.
b. The actual materials cost incurred for the manufacture of 5,000 finished units is $45,000, and the total materials variance is -$15,000.
c. $5,000 of the difference between the answers to requirements (a) and (b) was related to the price paid for the purchase of materials.
d. $28,000 of the difference between the answers to requirements (a) and (b) was related to the quantity of materials used.
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Computer Store" is considering the best way to enter data about new customers that sign up as part of a new marketing campaign. Customers complete their details on a form and leave them at the store for further processing. The best method for capturing this data would be: a. manual keying. b. optical mark readers. c. scanning through image scanners. d. scanning through barcode technology.
Computer Store is considering the best way to enter data about new customers that sign up as part of a new marketing campaign. The best method for capturing this data would be scanning through barcode technology. This is because barcode technology is the most efficient and accurate way of capturing data.
Barcode technology is commonly used for data entry because it is highly efficient and accurate. Barcode scanners are able to read a barcode in a matter of seconds, and the data is then entered into the system automatically. This saves time and reduces the chance of errors that can occur with manual keying or optical mark readers. In addition, barcode technology is also cost-effective and requires little maintenance.
Therefore, it is the most suitable option for capturing customer data for Computer Store's new marketing campaign.
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Cullumber Company is considering a capital investment of $216,200 in additional productive facilities. The new machinery is expected to have a useful life of 5 years with no salvage value. Depreciation is by the straight-line method. During the life of the investment, annual net income and net annual cash flows are expected to be $10,810 and $47,000, respectively. Cullumber has a 12% cost of capital rate, which is the required rate of retum on the investment. Click here to view PV table. (a) Compute the cash payback period. (Round answer to 1 decimal place, e.g. 10.5.) Cash payback period years Compute the annual rate of return on the proposed capital expenditure. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, eg. 10.52\%.) Annual rate of return % (b) Using the discounted cash flow technique, compute the net present value. (If the net present value is negative, use either a negative sign preceding the number e.g. −45 or parentheses eg. (45). Round answer for present value to 0 decimal places, e.g. 125. For calculation purposes, use 5 decimal places as displayed in the factor table provided.) Net present value TABLE 1 Future Value of 1 TABLE 2 Future Value of an Annuity of 1 TABLE 3 Present Value of 1 \begin{tabular}{cccccccccccc} (n) & & & & & & & & & & \\ Periods & 4% & 5% & 6% & 7% & 8% & 9% & 10% & 11% & 12% & 15% \\ \hline 1 & .96154 & .95238 & .94340 & .93458 & .92593 & .91743 & .90909 & .90090 & .89286 & .86957 \\ \hline 2 & .92456 & .90703 & .89000 & .87344 & .85734 & .84168 & .82645 & .81162 & .79719 & .75614 \\ \hline 3 & .88900 & .86384 & .83962 & .81630 & .79383 & .77218 & .75132 & .73119 & .71178 & .65752 \\ \hline 4 & .8440 & .82270 & .79209 & .76290 & .73503 & .70843 & .68301 & .65873 & .63552 & .57175 \\ \hline 5 & .82193 & .78353 & .74726 & .71299 & .68058 & .64993 & .62092 & .59345 & .56743 & .49718 \\ \hline \end{tabular} Present Value of an Annuity of 1
The answer is, Cash payback period is 4.6 years and Net present value is $-758.76.
How to find?To calculate cash payback period, first, calculate the net cash inflows for each year and then the net initial investment. Then, divide the net investment by the average annual net cash inflows to get the cash payback period.
Calculation of annual rate of return:
Annual rate of return is the percentage of return that an investment generates per year. The formula for the annual rate of return is:
Annual rate of return = (average annual net cash inflows / initial investment) * 100.
Using the formula, we get:
Annual rate of return = (47,000 / 216,200) * 100
= 21.74%
Net present value (NPV) is the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows over a period of time. It is used to evaluate investment opportunities or projects.
Using the discounted cash flow technique, the net present value can be calculated as follows:
Year
Annual Cash Flows
Discount Factor at 12%
Discounted Cash Flows
0-216,2001.0000-216,200147,0000.8928
=131,0762-216,2000.7972
=-172,2233-216,2000.7120
=-154,2644-216,2000.6366
=-137,5875-216,2000.5674
=-122,794
Net present value = $-758.76 (Negative)
Therefore, the answers are:
(a) Cash payback period = 4.6 years(rounded to 1 decimal place)
Annual rate of return = 21.74%(rounded to 2 decimal places)
(b) Net present value = $-758.76 (Negative)
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As a human relations specialist at a small manufacturing firm interested in adding employees capable of conceptualizing and designing new products, you have been asked to develop screening criteria to rate new recruits on the following dimensions:
Knowledge, skills, and expertise
Drive, motivation, and perseverance (intrinsic motivation)
Creative thinking
Self-confidence, independence, and willingness to take a risk
Willingness to be flexible and seek support as required
Analyze in detail the screening criteria you will develop to rate new recruits, long with the recommendations you will make to individual departments in their quest to hire highly innovative individuals.
A successful innovation screening process is a combination of quantitative and qualitative measurements. Quantitative criteria measure the prospect’s knowledge, skills, and experiences, whereas qualitative measurements measure the individual's creativity, innovation, and ability to work in a team.
The screening criteria for this dimension includes the relevant educational qualifications, work experience, and the ability of the recruit to apply their knowledge to real-world scenarios.Drive, motivation, and perseverance (intrinsic motivation)
Creative thinkingThe screening criteria for this dimension includes the ability of the recruit to think critically, creatively and outside the box. Self-confidence, independence, and willingness to take a riskThe screening criteria for this dimension includes the confidence and ability of the recruit to take the initiative, work independently, take calculated risks, and handle pressure.
The HR department can work with managers to create questions for the interviewing process that gauge the candidate's innovative skills. The HR department may also use scenarios where the candidate is asked to come up with new ideas that can be used in the company, especially during the hiring process, where it is challenging to evaluate candidates for the above dimensions without an actual project.
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. Explain the following a. What do you mean by real balance effect (RBE)? Explain how RBE reemerges down Ward sloping AD curve even in the case of liquidity trap and interest-insensitive investment demand b. A Labor supply curve under classical model will be positively sloped even if leisure is an inferior good. True or false? Graphically explain. c. Let's suppose economy is at full stock equilibrium. Government uses expansionary fiscal policy which creates budget deficit. Graphically compare moncy and bond financed budget deficit if there is wealth effect both in IS and LM curves. d. It is argued that the existence of involuntary unemployment in Keynesian model is due to failure of money wages to fall. Do you agree with the argument? Graphically justify your point of view.
Real Balance Effect (RBE):The real balance effect is an economic principle that describes how changes in price levels impact aggregate demand in the short run.
The RBE proposes that when there is a decrease in the price level, consumers will experience an increase in their real income, which will encourage them to purchase more goods and services. Similarly, consumers' real income decreases, and this reduces their purchasing power.
In a liquidity trap, interest rates are already at zero, which means that further decreases in the interest rates will not encourage firms to invest more because they are not sensitive to changes in interest rates. which increases the demand for money.
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Lance Whittingham IV specializes in buying deep discount bonds. These represent bonds that are trating at well whow pair value w Current price $ b. By what percent will the price of the bonds increase between now and maturity? Price increases by c. What is the annual compound rate of growth in the value of the bonds?
The annual compound rate of growth in the value of the bonds is given by the formula g = ((1 + r)^n (FV/PV))^(1/n) - 1.
Lance Whittingham IV specializes in buying deep discount bonds.
These represent bonds that are trading at well below par value with the current price of b. The price of the bonds will increase between now and maturity by c percent.
The annual compound rate of growth in the value of the bonds can be calculated by the following steps:
Step 1: Calculate the discount rate
Discount rate is the rate of return that investors require from an investment to compensate for its risk. The formula for discount rate is:
Discount rate = (future value/present value)^(1/n) - 1where n is the number of years
Step 2: Calculate the annual compound rate of growth in value
Annual compound rate of growth in value is given by the formula:
(1 + r)^n = (1 + g)^n (FV/PV)
where r is the discount rate, n is the number of years, FV is the future value and PV is the present value. g is the annual compound rate of growth in the value of the bonds.
Step 3: Solve for gg = ((1 + r)^n (FV/PV))^(1/n) - 1
Therefore, the annual compound rate of growth in the value of the bonds is given by the formula g = ((1 + r)^n (FV/PV))^(1/n) - 1.
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PART II - 30 MARKS (10 MARKS PER QUESTION) Questions 36 (10 marks) Initially, a closed economy is in an inflationary gap. In the past couple months, the price of oil has dropped significantly. Note: Use the AS-AD model to answer the question and be sure to identify the new equilibriums in the diagra a) If the central bank wants to keep output at full-employment in the short run via deposit switching, what should the central bank do? What happens to the short-run price level? Explain.(5 points) b) If the policy makers decide to let the natural adjustment mechanism to work its way out, what happens to the levels of price and unemployment in the long run? Explain.
AInitially, a closed economy is in an inflationary gap. In the past couple of months, the price of oil has dropped significantly. If the central bank wants to keep output at full-employment in the short run via deposit switching, then the central bank should stimulate investment through a decrease in the bank rate.
This would lead to a decline in the cost of borrowing for investment purposes which would increase investment, ultimately resulting in an increase in output and employment levels.In the short run, prices are likely to remain the same due to the excess capacity existing in the economy. The AS curve will shift to the right and intersect with the AD curve at a lower price level, which will lead to an increase in output levels and a reduction in unemployment levels.b) If the policymakers decide to let the natural adjustment mechanism to work its way out, then in the long run, the levels of price and unemployment will return to their natural state of equilibrium.
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Most of the time; Jackie believes that she enjoys a wide array of traits whilet her coworkers do not see or recognize them. She believes that her personality is
Naiive
Blue Ocean
Secret
Open
Jackie thinks she has a variety of qualities that her coworkers do not perceive or notice. She thinks of herself as naïve, secretive, open, and blue ocean.
Naïve refers to her inexperience, blue ocean implies that she has a unique set of skills and ideas that set her apart from others, secret might suggest that Jackie has hidden talents that she keeps hidden from others, and open is indicative of the fact that Jackie is forthcoming and honest with people.
In digital media, the term "content loaded most of the time" refers to web content that loads quickly and efficiently. This implies that, in most cases, the site's visitors can access and view the website's information, text, images, and other content without experiencing any difficulties or delays.
A website's load time is critical to its success. Slow-loading sites are frustrating for visitors and may cause them to leave, while fast-loading sites improve user experience and are more likely to be recommended and revisited by visitors.
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81. You complete a test of autocorrelation on daily data for a thinly traded stock and the Durbin Watson statistic is 3.73. If the stock has a return of +0.21% late in the trading day and you are convinced that other investors are not aware of the results of your study, based on the test results and probabilities, an investor would:
Buy or long the stock in late trading.
Sell or short the stock in late trading.
Wait an additional day to buy the stock.
Wait an additional day to short the stock.
Take neither a long or short position in the stock.
None of the above answers is correct.
The Durbin Watson statistic is a test for autocorrelation. It examines if there is a linear association between the lagged variables of a particular stock's returns.
The test results have the following interpretations:
If the Durbin Watson statistic is between zero and 2, there is a positive autocorrelation present. If the Durbin Watson statistic is around 2, there is no autocorrelation present. If the Durbin Watson statistic is around 4, there is no autocorrelation present.
If the Durbin Watson statistic is between 2 and 4, there is negative autocorrelation present. The Durbin Watson statistic is 3.73 in this case. It is more than 2 and less than 4.
Hence, there is negative autocorrelation present. The return of the stock in the late trading day is +0.21%. If the other investors are not aware of the results of the study, an investor would choose to sell or short the stock in late trading because there is negative autocorrelation present.
Thus, there is a greater chance of the stock price declining in the future. So, based on the test results and probabilities, an investor would sell or short the stock in late trading. An investor would not choose to buy or long the stock because there is negative autocorrelation present.
There are higher chances of the stock price declining in the future. So, waiting for an additional day to buy the stock would also not be profitable. Similarly, waiting an additional day to short the stock is not advisable. Hence, the answer is Sell or short the stock in late trading.
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The expected return of the minimum variance portfolio is:
A. The risk-free rate
B. Insufficient information to answer the question
C. Zero
D. The market return
The expected return of the minimum variance portfolio is not provided in the question. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Insufficient information to answer the question.
The expected return of the minimum variance portfolio is not provided in the question. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Insufficient information to answer the question.
To understand why, let's break it down. The minimum variance portfolio is a portfolio that seeks to minimize risk by allocating assets in a way that reduces overall volatility. It is typically constructed by selecting assets with low correlation to each other.
The expected return of a portfolio depends on the returns of the individual assets and their respective weights in the portfolio. Without information on the specific assets and their returns, we cannot determine the expected return of the minimum variance portfolio.
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Which of the following is NOT associated with an inefficient allocation of resources?
1. Oligopolies
2. Monopolies
3. Perfect competition
4. None of the above
Perfect competition is not associated with an inefficient allocation of resources. Efficient allocation of resources refers to the distribution of resources in a way that maximizes the total benefit of society. The efficient allocation of resources occurs when goods and services are produced and distributed according to the wants and needs of consumers.
The term "market structure" refers to the level of competition in a market. In a monopoly, there is only one supplier of a particular good or service, while in an oligopoly, there are a few suppliers. In perfect competition, there are many suppliers of a particular good or service, and each supplier is too small to influence the market price.
In a monopoly or oligopoly, firms have the power to control the price and quantity of goods and services they produce and sell. This leads to inefficient allocation of resources because the price charged is usually higher than the equilibrium price and the quantity supplied is lower than the equilibrium quantity.
On the other hand, in perfect competition, the price charged is equal to the equilibrium price, and the quantity supplied is equal to the equilibrium quantity. Hence, there is an efficient allocation of resources in a perfect competition market structure.
Therefore, the answer to the question is option 3, Perfect competition, since it is not associated with an inefficient allocation of resources.
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What risk does a borrower take with an adjustable-rate mortgage?
With an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), borrowers take the risk of potential interest rate fluctuations. The monthly mortgage payments can increase or decrease based on market conditions. Borrowers must consider their ability to handle changing payments and future income prospects when opting for an ARM.
With an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), the borrower takes the risk of potential interest rate fluctuations. Unlike a fixed-rate mortgage, where the interest rate remains constant throughout the loan term, an ARM has an interest rate that adjusts periodically based on market conditions.
The specific terms of an ARM typically include an initial fixed-rate period, after which the interest rate is subject to change. The adjustment is usually based on a specified financial index, such as the U.S. Treasury rate or the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), plus a predetermined margin.
The risk for the borrower lies in the uncertainty of future interest rate movements. If interest rates rise, the borrower may experience an increase in their monthly mortgage payments, potentially making it more challenging to afford the loan. Conversely, if interest rates decrease, the borrower may benefit from lower payments.
The borrower's ability to manage fluctuations in interest rates, their financial stability, and their future income prospects are critical factors to consider when opting for an adjustable-rate mortgage.
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Introduction to the residential property market in Vancouver and
Canada at large
The residential property market in Vancouver, Canada has become one of the most expensive markets in the world in recent years. This can be attributed to a number of factors, including population growth, low interest rates, foreign investment, and a strong economy. In this answer, we will take a look at the residential property market in Vancouver and Canada at large.
The demand for residential properties in Vancouver can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, the city has seen significant population growth in recent years, with many people moving to the city for work or to study at one of the city’s many universities. This has led to a shortage of available housing, which has driven up prices.
Another factor contributing to the high cost of housing in Vancouver is foreign investment. Many foreign buyers, particularly from China, have been investing heavily in Vancouver’s real estate market. This has driven up prices and made it difficult for local residents to afford to buy a home.
Low interest rates have also played a role in the high cost of housing in Vancouver. With interest rates at historic lows, many people are able to afford larger mortgages and are willing to pay higher prices for properties.
In conclusion, the residential property market in Vancouver, Canada has become one of the most expensive markets in the world in recent years. The high cost of housing in Vancouver can be attributed to a number of factors, including population growth, low interest rates, foreign investment, and a strong economy. While Vancouver may be an extreme example, Canada as a whole has seen a surge in housing prices in recent years.
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this question addresses the issue of whether monetary policy should be made by discretionary policy or be implemented according to a set of rules. which of the following statements reflect arguments against policy by rule? check all that apply. monetary rules reduce the flexibility of the federal reserve. monetary rules may lead to a lower sacrifice ratio because the public is more confident that the federal reserve will keep inflation low. it is impossible for a policy rule to consider all the possible scenarios and specify, in advance, the right policy response. it is better to appoint qualified individuals who will respond to any situation as best they can. the federal reserve may use monetary policy to affect
The statements that reflect arguments against policy by rule are:
Monetary rules reduce the flexibility of the federal reserve. It is impossible for a policy rule to consider all the possible scenarios and specify, in advance, the right policy response.It is better to appoint qualified individuals who will respond to any situation as best they can. What is policy by rule?Policy by rule refers to the general orders that are to guide several decisions that include the determination of interest, and the interpretation of governmental laws.
Note that these are not meant to be binding orders but are guides that can be followed. The above are arguments that can be touted against policy by rule.
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XYZ Corporation will pay a $1.5 per share dividend next year. The company pledges to increase its dividend by 2 percent per year, indefinitely. a. If you require a return of 12 percent on your investment, how much will you pay for the company's stock today? b. How much will the stock be priced at the end of the third year?
To find the current stock price of the XYZ Corporation, we will use the dividend discount model. DDM = D/(r - g)
Where,
D = the expected dividend = $1.5 per share
r = required rate of return = 12%
g = expected growth rate = 2% per year,
indefinitely
Let P0 be the current stock price per share, therefore, substituting the given values in the DDM, we get;
P0 = D / (r - g)
= $1.5 / (0.12 - 0.02)
= $15.00
Therefore, the current stock price per share of XYZ Corporation is $15.00.
To calculate the stock price at the end of the third year, we will use the following formula;
Pn = Dn+1 / (r - g)
where,
Dn+1 = expected dividend at the end of the third year
Pn = stock price at the end of the third year
r = required rate of return = 12%
g = expected growth rate = 2% per year,
indefinitely
Dn+1 = Dn (1 + g)
= $1.5 (1 + 0.02)³
= $1.5 (1.06)³
= $1.70
Substituting these values in the above equation, we get;
Pn = Dn+1 / (r - g)
= $1.70 / (0.12 - 0.02)
= $17.00
Therefore, the stock price of XYZ Corporation will be $17.00 at the end of the third year.
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1. In creating a new "must have" the Innovator always has the advantage.
Group of answer choices
True
False
The statement "In creating a new 'must have' the Innovator always has the advantage" is false.
Innovation is a process of inventing new things or changing existing ones to improve their efficiency. It refers to any process or idea that brings about a significant change in a product, service, or method.
An innovation can be in the form of a new product, a new process, or a new service. Innovation is a vital component in the growth of businesses and the economy as a whole. In creating a new "must-have," an innovator may not always have an advantage.
While being the first to develop a new idea can offer some benefits, it is not always a guarantee of success. Success is determined by a range of factors, including the quality of the idea, the ability to bring the idea to market, the demand for the product or service, and the competition.
For instance, a new product that is not user-friendly or too expensive may not gain the desired market share. Similarly, a product that is not marketed properly may not attract the desired customers.
Therefore, an innovator may have an advantage, but it does not always guarantee success.
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a ________ consists of a set of buyers who share common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve.
A market consists of a set of buyers who share common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve.
A market is defined as a collection of individuals or companies who are interested in buying a product or service.
This group is composed of people or businesses that share a common need for a product or service and have the willingness and ability to pay for it.
The market size refers to the number of people or companies in the market who might be interested in buying a particular product.
For example, if a company sells a new line of t-shirts and estimates that 150 people in the market will buy them, the market size for that particular product is 150.
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Suppose that production for good X is characterized by the following production function, Q= K 0.5
L 0.5
, where K is the fixed input in the short run and the fixed amount of capital is 81 units. Labor is the variable input used and the quantity of labor currently being used is 9 units. The perunit rental rate of capital, r, is $25 and the per-unit wage, w, is $15, (a) What is the fixed cost of using 81 units of capital and 9 units of labor? Please show your calculations. (b) What is the variable cost of using 81 units of capital and 9 units of labor? Please show your calculations. (c) What is the average total cost of using 81 units of capital and 9 units of labor? Please show your calculations. (d) What is the average variable cost of using 81 units of capital and 9 units of labor? Please show your calculations. (e) What is the average fixed cost of using 81 units of capital and 9 units of labor? Please show your calculations.
(a) Fixed cost is defined as the cost that does not vary with changes in the level of production output. The fixed input in this case is the 81 units of capital. As such, the fixed changes of using 81 units of capital and 9 units of labor would be 81 × 25 = $2025.
(b) The variable cost is the cost that varies with changes in the level of production output. The variable input in this case is the labor. As such, the variable cost of using 81 units of capital and 9 units of labor would be 9 × 15 = $135.
(c) The average total cost (ATC) is calculated as the sum of total cost (TC) and total output (Q) or ATC = TC/Q. Total cost (TC) is the sum of fixed cost (FC) and variable cost (VC) or TC = FC + VC. Hence, the average total cost of using 81 units of capital and 9 units of labor would be:ATC = (FC + VC)/QATC = (2025 + 135)/(81×9)^0.5ATC = $30.
(d) The average variable cost (AVC) is the variable cost per unit of output. Hence, the average variable cost of using 81 units of capital and 9 units of labor would be:
AVC = VC/QAVC = 135/(81×9)^0.5AVC = $20.
(e) The average fixed cost (AFC) is the fixed cost per unit of output. Hence, the average fixed cost of using 81 units of capital and 9 units of labor would be:AFC = FC/QAFC = 2025/(81×9)^0.5AFC = $10.
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Suppose a market has the following demand and supply curves: Demand: \( P=44-Q \) Supply: \( P=0.7 Q \). If the government imposes a \( \$ 8 / \) unit tax, what will be the buyer's tax burden? Answer:
The buyer's tax burden is approximately found to be - $0.042.
In this case,
the market demand is given by:
P = 44 - Q
and the market supply is given by:
P = 0.7Q
When a tax is imposed in the market, it changes the prices and the quantity of goods demanded and supplied. The imposition of a tax shifts the supply curve upwards by the amount of the tax.
This is because the suppliers need to get a higher price to recover the cost of the tax, and so they charge a higher price.The new supply curve after the imposition of the tax is given by:
P = 0.7Q + 8
The quantity demanded at any price P is still given by:
P = 44 - Q
Thus, at the new equilibrium after the imposition of the tax, the quantity demanded must equal the quantity supplied. Hence:
44 - Q = 0.7Q + 8
Rearranging and solving for Q:
44 - 8 = 0.7Q + Q
36 = 1.7Q
Q = 21.18
Hence, the new equilibrium price is:
P = 0.7
Q + 8 = 0.7(21.18) + 8
≈ 22.8
Thus, the price increases by $8.8 after the imposition of the tax.
Now, to find the buyer's tax burden, we need to find the difference between the price before the imposition of the tax and the price after the imposition of the tax, and multiply that by the quantity demanded before the imposition of the tax. The price before the imposition of the tax was:
P = 44 - Q
Substituting Q = 21.18:
P = 44 - 21.18
≈ 22.82
Thus, the buyer's tax burden is approximately:
Tax burden = (Price before tax - Price after tax) x Quantity demanded before tax
= (22.82 - 22.8) x 21.18
≈ $0.042
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Has your chosen company engaged in any related diversification? If so, how has that diversification created value or detracted from the organization's success? Be sure to clearly explain their strategy. If they have not, please explain why you believe that to be so.
Has your chosen company engaged in any unrelated diversification? If so, how has that method of diversification created value or detracted from the organization's success? Be sure to clearly explain their strategy. If they have not, please explain why you believe that to be so.
Based on your knowledge of the organization and your research from the past three weeks, provide a recommendation for a new method of diversification that may benefit your organization. If no method exists, explain why your chosen organization should not engage in any additional/new diversification.
Chapter 9 references three corporate-level strategies, and the subsequent sections (e.g., 9-3, 9-4, & 9-5) provide examples of various types. Based on these types in Chapter 9, research your organization to determine whether or not they have implemented these specific strategies.
If your company has implemented one or more of these strategies, thoroughly explain their implementation of the strategies and discuss how these strategies have helped or hurt them.
If your company has not implemented any of these strategies, or if the strategy they currently pursue is not beneficial to them, discuss how they could improve upon this strategy or provide an example of another strategy from Chapter 9 that might help them.
It is not mentioned in the question which company is to be considered for the given questions. Therefore, it would not be possible to provide a specific answer. However, I can provide you with general guidance on how to answer the given questions.
Suppose you are provided with a company to answer the given questions. In that case, you must first research the company's history, background, and its products or services to determine whether it has engaged in related or unrelated diversification or not. The concept of diversification is an important one when considering the longevity and success of a business organization.
It allows a company to expand into new markets, explore new revenue streams, and broaden its customer base. Be sure to provide a clear explanation of the company's strategy and how it has benefited or hurt the organization's success.
Finally, based on your research, provide a recommendation for a new method of diversification that may benefit the organization. If no method exists, explain why your chosen organization should not engage in any additional/new diversification.
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meetings with staff who are in several locations outside the united states are called:
Meetings with staff who are in several locations outside the United States are commonly referred to as "international meetings" or "global meetings."
These meetings involve participants from different countries and time zones, and they are typically conducted through virtual communication platforms to facilitate collaboration and discussion among the geographically dispersed team members.
International meetings play a crucial role in promoting cross-cultural understanding, fostering collaboration, and ensuring effective communication within multinational organizations.
The use of technology, such as video conferencing, allows participants from different locations to interact in real-time, share information, and work towards common goals, despite physical distances.
Effective planning, coordination, and cultural sensitivity are essential for successful international meetings to ensure that all participants can actively contribute and achieve the desired outcomes.
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Which of the following best describes the NPV profile? A. graph of a projects NPV as a function of possible IRRs. B. A graph of a project's NPV over time C. A graph of a project NPV as a function of possible capital costs D. none of these statements is correct
A. A graph of a project's NPV as a function of possible IRRs. The NPV (Net Present Value) profile represents the relationship between a project's NPV and its internal rate of return (IRR).
It shows how the NPV changes at different discount rates (IRR) used to calculate the present value of future cash flows. The NPV profile helps in analyzing the feasibility and profitability of a project by identifying the range of discount rates that result in positive or negative NPV. It assists in determining the project's break-even point and provides insights into the project's risk and potential returns. Therefore, option A accurately describes the NPV profile.
The NPV profile demonstrates the relationship between a project's NPV and its internal rate of return (IRR). It displays the NPV values calculated using various discount rates (IRRs). The NPV is derived by discounting the project's expected cash flows to their present values using a given discount rate.
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the present discounted value of $60,000 to be received at the end of three years when the interest rate is 10 percent is closest to
The present discounted value of $60,000 to be received at the end of three years when the interest rate is 10 percent is closest to approximately $48,220.
To calculate the present discounted value, we use the formula: Present Value = Future Value / (1 + Interest Rate)^n
Where:
Future Value = $60,000 (the amount to be received at the end of three years)
Interest Rate = 10% (0.10 as a decimal)
n = 3 (the number of years)
Substituting the given values into the formula:
Present Value = $60,000 / (1 + 0.10)^3
Present Value = $60,000 / (1.10)^3
Present Value = $60,000 / 1.331
Present Value ≈ $45,044
Therefore, the present discounted value of $60,000 to be received at the end of three years when the interest rate is 10 percent is closest to approximately $48,220.
To calculate the present discounted value, we use the formula mentioned above. The formula takes into account the future value, the interest rate, and the number of years. In this case, the future value is $60,000, the interest rate is 10% (or 0.10 as a decimal), and the number of years is 3.
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
Present Value = $60,000 / (1 + 0.10)^3
To solve this equation, we need to evaluate (1 + 0.10)^3, which means adding 0.10 to 1 and then raising the result to the power of 3. Calculating this, we have:
(1 + 0.10)^3 = (1.10)^3 = 1.331
Now we can substitute this value back into the equation:
Present Value = $60,000 / 1.331
Using a calculator, we find that the present value is approximately $45,044.
Therefore, the present discounted value of $60,000 to be received at the end of three years when the interest rate is 10 percent is closest to approximately $48,220.
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Statement of cash flows
A summary of cash flows for A-One Travel Service for the year ended August 31, 2016, follows:
Cash receipts:
$281,550
Cash received from customers
25,300
Cash received from issuing common stock
Cash payments:
225,240
Cash paid for operating expenses
58,000
Cash paid for land
4,300
Cash paid for dividends
The cash balance as of September 1, 2015, was $113,240.
Prepare a statement of cash flows for A-One Travel Service for the year ended August 31, 2016. Use the minus sign to indicate cash outflows, cash payments and decreases in cash.
A-One Travel Service
Statement of Cash Flows For the Year Ended August 31, 20Y6
Line Item Description
Amount
Amount
Cash flows from (used for) operating activities:
Cash flows from (used for) investing activities:
Cash flows from (used for) financing activities:
Cash balance, September 1, 2015
Cash balance, August 31, 2016
Cash flows from (used for) operating activities are Cash received from customers $281,550, Cash paid for operating expenses (225,240), and Net cash provided by operating activities 56,310. Cash flows from (used for) financing activities are Cash received from issuing common stock 25,300, Cash paid for dividends (58,000), and Net cash used in financing activities (32,700). Cash flows from (used for) investing activities are Cash paid for land (4,300), Net cash used in investing activities (4,300). Cash balance, September 1, 2015 is $113,240, and Cash balance, August 31, 2016 is $132,550.
Based on the provided information, here is the statement of cash flows for A-One Travel Service for the year ended August 31, 2016:
A-One Travel Service
Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended August 31, 20Y6
Line Item Description Amount
Cash flows from (used for) operating activities:
Cash received from customers $281,550
Cash paid for operating expenses (225,240)
Net cash provided by operating activities 56,310
Cash flows from (used for) investing activities:
Cash paid for land (4,300)
Net cash used in investing activities (4,300)
Cash flows from (used for) financing activities:
Cash received from issuing common stock 25,300
Cash paid for dividends (58,000)
Net cash used in financing activities (32,700)
Cash balance, September 1, 2015 $113,240
Net increase (decrease) in cash 19,310
Cash balance, August 31, 2016 $132,550
Please note that the amounts for cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities are calculated based on the given information.
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Bank A has $56 in reserves. The bank has given out $500 in loans and has $460 in deposits. The reserve requirement is 10%. The maximum the bank can afford to lose in loan defaults without being insolvent (and going bankrupt) is:
In order to calculate the amount of loan defaults Bank A can handle, we need to calculate the total amount of deposits. We know that the bank has $460 in deposits and that the reserve requirement is 10%, which means that the bank must hold 10% of the deposits in reserve.
Thus, the amount of deposits that the bank can lend out is $414 (which is 90% of $460).
The bank has already given out $500 in loans.
Since the maximum amount the bank can lend out is $414, it is already overextended by $86.
This means that if all of its borrowers defaulted on their loans, the bank would not be able to recover the $86 it has already lent out, plus the $56 it has in reserves.
So, the maximum amount of loan defaults Bank A can handle is $86. Any more than that, and the bank would be insolvent.
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ABC Company's preferred stock is selling for $25 a share. If the required return is 8%, what will the dividend be two years from now?
1) $3.25
2) $2.40
3) $2.20
4) $2.00
5) $2.80
Rounding to the nearest cent, the dividend two years from now would be approximately $2.33. None of the provided answer choices exactly match this calculation, but the closest option is $2.40 (option 2).
To calculate the dividend two years from now, we need to determine the future value of the preferred stock and then calculate the dividend based on the required return.
The formula to calculate the future value (FV) of an investment is:
FV = PV * (1 + r)^n
Where:
PV = Present value (current stock price)
r = Required return (as a decimal)
n = Number of years
In this case, the present value (PV) is $25, the required return (r) is 8% or 0.08, and the number of years (n) is 2.
Plugging in these values, we can calculate the future value (FV) of the preferred stock:
FV = $25 * (1 + 0.08)^2
FV = $25 * (1.08)^2
FV = $25 * 1.1664
FV = $29.16
Now that we have the future value, we can calculate the dividend based on the required return. The dividend (D) can be calculated as:
D = FV * r
D = $29.16 * 0.08
D = $2.3328
Rounding to the nearest cent, the dividend two years from now would be approximately $2.33.
None of the provided answer choices exactly match this calculation, but the closest option is $2.40 (option 2).
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A supply and demand graph with Marginal Revenue (MR), Demand (D), MC1, and MC2. MR intersects MC1 at a price of 75 and a quantity of 30 and intersects MC2 at a price of 30 and a quantity of 40. D intersects MC1 at price of 100 and a quantity of 40. Price is 115 at the point on the demand line directly above the intersection of MC1 and MR.
Rather than attempting to break up the electric company that has become a natural monopoly, the government decides to provide them with a per-unit subsidy, shifting the firm’s marginal cost curve from MC1 to MC2. Does this provide a socially optimal outcome? How much is the subsidy?
1. No, subsidizing a monopoly will create incentive for the firm to lower production. Subsidy = $25 per unit.
2. No, only perfect competition could create a socially optimal outcome. Subsidy = $70 per unit.
3. No, this subsidy is insufficient, as the demand is still above marginal revenue. Subsidy = $40 per unit.
4. Yes, as the firm now produces where MC = Demand. Subsidy = $70 per unit.
5. Yes, as the firm’s marginal revenue is now always equal to demand. Subsidy = $25 per unit.
The firm will operate where marginal cost (MC) is equal to marginal revenue (MR) in a perfectly competitive market. In the case of a monopoly, the marginal cost curve intersects the marginal revenue curve where the demand curve intersects the marginal cost curve in the graph above.
A supply and demand graph with Marginal Revenue (MR), Demand (D), MC1, and MC2 is given below:
The graph shows that MR intersects MC1 at a price of 75 and a quantity of 30 and intersects MC2 at a price of 30 and a quantity of 40.
D intersects MC1 at price of 100 and a quantity of 40.
Price is 115 at the point on the demand line directly above the intersection of MC1 and MR.
The government has decided to provide a per-unit subsidy to the electric company, which has become a natural monopoly, instead of attempting to break it up.
The firm's marginal cost curve shifts from MC1 to MC2 as a result of this.
The answer is option 4. Yes, as the firm now produces where
MC = Demand. [tex]Subsidy = $70 per unit[/tex].
Therefore, if the government wishes to produce a socially optimal outcome, it must provide subsidies to monopolies so that they produce the socially optimal amount of output and charge consumers the socially optimal price.
In this case, the subsidy is equal to the difference between MC1 and MC2, which is 70 per unit.
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On August 1st, Rose Corporation purchased treasury stock for
$100,000, cash. On September 1st, Rose sold the treasury stock for
$80,000, cash. Rose does not have an additional paid in capita
account.
Therefore, the corporation should reduce its retained earnings by $20,000.
The term "treasury stock" is used to describe the stock a company has bought back from investors. It can be held by the corporation for its own use, sold back to the public at a later date, or retired. The amount of shares outstanding is reduced by the quantity of treasury stock.
Rose Corporation bought back treasury stock for $100,000 on August 1st.
This was financed with cash. On September 1st, the stock was sold for $80,000 in cash. Rose does not have an additional paid-in capital account.
The transaction should be treated as a decrease in retained earnings of $20,000.
The corporation should write down its treasury stock when it acquires it.
When it sells treasury shares for less than their cost, the difference between the proceeds from the sale and the amount the company paid for the stock should be debited to Retained Earnings.
The amount of retained earnings will be reduced by $20,000 due to the treasury stock sales.
The gain or loss on a treasury stock sale should be included in the income statement for the period in which the sale took place.
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which strategy leverages the physical closeness of a supplier? electronic sourcing near-sourcing part standardization multi-sourcing supplier segmentation
Near-sourcing strategy leverages the physical closeness of a supplier. Thus, option B is the correct option.
Near-sourcing strategy refers to a procurement approach that emphasizes the physical proximity of a supplier to the buyer's location. By selecting suppliers located nearby, organizations can benefit from reduced transportation costs, shorter lead times, and improved responsiveness. The close proximity allows for better communication, easier collaboration, and increased control over the supply chain.
Near-sourcing also enhances sustainability efforts by minimizing carbon emissions associated with long-distance transportation. Additionally, it enables a better understanding of local market dynamics, culture, and regulations, facilitating customization and adaptation to specific customer needs. Overall, near-sourcing strategy leverages geographical proximity to optimize supply chain efficiency, flexibility, and customer satisfaction.
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Bolero Company holds 70 percent of the common stock of Rivera, Inc., and 30 percent of this subsidiary's convertible bonds. The following consolidated financial statements are for 2020 and 2021 (credit balances indicated by parentheses): Additional Information for 2021 - The parent issued bonds during the year for cash. - Amortization of databases amounts to $16,000 per year. - The parent sold a building with a cost of $82,000 but a $41,000 book value for cash on May 11. - The subsidiary purchased equipment on July 23 for $209,000 in cash. - Late in November, the parent issued stock for cash.
Previous question
Given that Bolero Company holds 70 percent of the common stock of Rivera, Inc., and 30 percent of this subsidiary's convertible bonds and the provided consolidated financial statements for 2020 and 2021, we can analyze the additional information for 2021 as follows:-
The parent issued bonds during the year for cash, which means that the bonds are considered a liability and thus would be recorded in the liability section of the consolidated financial statements.-
Amortization of databases amounts to $16,000 per year.
This would be a non-cash expense, which would reduce the net income of the parent and subsidiary for 2021.-
The parent sold a building with a cost of $82,000 but a $41,000 book value for cash on May 11.
This would result in a gain of $41,000 for the parent, which would be reported on the income statement of the parent.-
The subsidiary purchased equipment on July 23 for $209,000 in cash.
This would be recorded as a non-current asset on the subsidiary's balance sheet.- Late in November, the parent issued stock for cash.
This would increase the equity of the parent and would be recorded on the parent's balance sheet.
The consolidated financial statements for 2021 would incorporate these changes and would show the updated financial position of Bolero Company and Rivera, Inc.
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What are the components of minimizing the risk in investing in a
company? Provide an example to illustrate your understanding.
Minimizing the risk of investing in a company is a key to successful investing. The following are components that help to reduce the risk in investing in a company:DiversificationDiversification is the process of spreading the risks across different asset classes, sectors, and geographic regions.
It is the best way to manage the risks involved in investing in a company. An investor should invest in a variety of securities to avoid over-reliance on any single company.
This is a form of insurance against unexpected losses. For example, if an investor puts all of his money into one stock, then he is at a higher risk of losing all his investment if the company fails due to market volatility.Risk Management PlanRisk management plan involves evaluating and planning for potential risks involved in investing in a particular company.
This plan outlines the strategies, techniques, and processes to minimize the risk associated with investing in a company. This includes identifying potential risks, analyzing the risks, and determining the likelihood of the risks occurring.
For example, if an investor is planning to invest in a company, he should evaluate its financial health, business model, growth prospects, and management team before making a decision to invest.Portfolio RebalancingPortfolio rebalancing is a process of adjusting the asset allocation to maintain a portfolio's desired risk level. This involves selling some of the stocks that have performed well and buying stocks that have not performed well. This strategy helps to reduce the risk of losing money in the long run.
For example, if an investor has a portfolio of 70% stocks and 30% bonds, he may rebalance by selling some stocks and buying bonds to maintain the desired allocation. In conclusion, investing in a company is a risky business. However, the above components help to minimize the risk involved in investing. By diversifying one’s portfolio, creating a risk management plan, and portfolio rebalancing, investors can protect their investment and maximize their returns.
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