Manager Gabe agrees to a July 4 concert in Hilltop Amphitheatre on behalf of the jazz ensemble Fusion. The contract is signed in writing by Gabe and Hilltop. These parties have a written agreement.
Jazz fusion is a kind of music that originated in the late 1960s when musicians fused jazz improvisation and harmony with rock, funk, and rhythm and blues. It is also referred to as fusion and progressive jazz. Jazz musicians, especially those who had grown up listening to rock and roll, began to use the electric guitars, amplifiers, and keyboards that were common in rock and roll. The intricacy of jazz fusion arrangements varies. Some use rhythmic vamps with a straightforward, repetitive melody that are fixed to a particular key or chord. Others make use of complex chord progressions, strange time signatures, or melodies that include countermelodies. These arrangements, whether straightforward or intricate, frequently feature improvised segments that might differ in length, much as in other jazz genres. Jazz fusion, like jazz, can use brass and woodwind instruments like the trumpet and saxophone, although other instruments frequently take their place. Electric guitar, synthesizers, and bass guitar are more frequently used in jazz fusion bands than piano and double bass.
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some individuals with political aspirations are incompetent bozos. therefore, some incompetent bozos are individuals with political aspirations. question 10 options: amphiboly. no fallacy. argument against the person, abusive. begging the question.
Some individuals with political aspirations are incompetent bozos. therefore, some incompetent bozos are individuals with political aspirations no fallacy
Political Aspirations are aspirations to accomplish a life goal. They can be viewed as big-picture objectives that give one's life direction and meaning. Although the phrase is frequently used interchangeably with goals, there are several significant distinctions. When you consider your goals for the future, you are motivated by aspiration. political aspirations is defined as "a strong desire to accomplish something lofty or wonderful." Maybe you've heard individuals say, "I want to be a doctor," or "I want to be a good father." The word "aspiration" is frequently used to characterize middle-class families' desire to "move on in life."
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the of policing is generally found in suburban police departments where there is relatively little crime. group of answer choices community-policing style legalistic style service style watchman style
In suburban police forces where crime is often low, the service model of policing is typically used.
The most common police approach is community policing. Police officers frequently check to see whether someone is engaged in unlawful activity in the neighborhood.
The emphasis of the service style is on assisting others and the public. Instead of focusing on upholding the law, it focuses on engaging with and assisting the people informally. Consider it "public service."
The watchman approach distinguishes between the two policing functions of maintaining order and enforcing the law. The legalistic approach uses minimal discretion & follows the law by increasing the number of tickets issued, arrests made, and complaints signed by victims.
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Normally, when conducting a raid on an illegal crime laboratory, which of the following groups should be involved? Police tactical unit, Bomb squad, Hazardous material or chemical waste disposal personnel, or All of the answers are correct.
Normally, when conducting a raid on an illegal crime laboratory, Police tactical unit, Bomb squad, Hazardous material or chemical waste disposal personnel, all groups should be involved.
So, Option D All the answers are correct.
-A raid is also a planned but sudden and unexpected entering of a place by law enforcement agencies. in order to search for something or stop an illegal activity .
-Law enforcement agencies enter a place suddenly and unexpectedly in order to search for something or stop an illegal activity.
-To raid is also to unfairly or secretly take something for your own use or benefit.
-During Raid anything can happen there can be hazardous chemical and Bomb can be planted there and a tactical police force to head the Raid.
So we need all kinds of groups to hold any kind of resistance.
-An investigation is a systematic, minute, and thorough attempt to learn the facts about something complex or hidden; it is often formal and official: an investigation of a bank failure. An examination is an orderly attempt to obtain information about or to make a test of something, often something presented for observation: a physical examination. An inquiry is an investigation made by asking questions rather than by inspection, or by study of available evidence: an inquiry into a proposed bond issue. Research is careful and sustained investigation.
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When a team is given a free kick how many meters away does the defending teams wall of players need to be from the ball.
All opponents must stay at least 9.15 meters (10 yards) away from the ball until it enters play, if they're on their own goal area between the goalposts.
What does "goal" signify in sports?A goal in sports can either refer to a specific scoring event or the actual location or structure where an opposition team must throw the ball or ice in order to earn points. Every sport has a different goal framework.
How do Clear goals work?Specific, Quantifiable, Achievable, Meaningful, and Time-Bound goals are also known as smart goals. By defining these parameters in relation to your goal, you can be sure that your goals can be attained in a set amount of time.
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Willis and Leslie orally agree to the sale of a parcel of land for $50,000: one-half payable now as a down payment; one-half payable in 30 days at the time of closing when the title will be transferred. The buyer, Willis, is to have possession immediately. Willis pays Leslie $25,000, takes possession of the land, and starts building a house. At the time of closing, Willis has made a substantial beginning on the house. However, Leslie refuses to transfer the title, claiming the oral contract is not enforceable. This contract is:
a. enforceable, because the statute of frauds does not apply to this interest in land.
b. unenforceable, because there is no writing signed by Leslie.
c. enforceable, because Willis has partially performed the oral contract and made improvements on the land.
d. unenforceable, because the parol evidence rule applies.
This contract is enforceable, because Willis has partially performed the oral contract and made improvements on the land.
The Law of Property Act of 1989 outlines specific requirements for oral contracts that dispose of real estate interests, including that they be in writing and include all of the agreed-upon provisions. This was passed for the protection of consumers as well as to ensure the clarity of these contracts (see Formalities for Contracts for Sales, etc. of Land ). The Law Commission also suggested that some equitable remedies should continue to be accessible in this report, which served as the precursor to the legislation, to prevent "unacceptable hardship in circumstances of non-compliance." One of the exclusions to the 1989 legislation, included in section 2(5), deals with the "formation or operation of resultant, implied or constructive trusts."
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the conservative approach to crime which of the following is true about the juvenile justice system in states like alabama, arkansas, florida, iowa, massachusetts, new york, pennsylvania, south dakota, and west virginia?
According to the conservative approach to crime, the juvenile justice system in states including Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Iowa, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, & West Virginia sends more than half of committed juveniles to privately run institutions.
The juvenile justice system's most prevalent disposition is probation monitoring. Other court-ordered requirements, such as voluntary work, restitution, and involvement in community treatment services, are sometimes coupled with probation monitoring.
For adolescent offenders, this represents the lowest degree of commitment in a jail-like setting. Guards, fences, or locking doors serve as the facility's security measures. Every juvenile in the non-secure residential facility is under constant monitoring, and each one's treatment program is customized to meet their specific rehabilitative requirements.
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specific performance is an equitable remedy for breach of contract in circumstances when money damages are not adequate to compensate a victim of the breach.
False, when monetary damages are insufficient to fully compensate a victim of a breach, specific performance is an appropriate equitable remedy.
A contractual remedy in which the court requires a party to as nearly as possible carry out its promise because monetary damages are in some way insufficient to make up for the injury. ordered most frequently in situations involving rare chattels and real estate. A particular remedy called specific performance is utilized by courts when no other option, such monetary compensation, will fully satisfy the other party. The court will choose that option instead if it will put the injured party in the same situation as if the contract had been fully completed. The offended party may seek particular performance as a remedy for the breach if the breaching party is proven responsible for a material violation. Other remedies include reaching a settlement or recovering damages in an amount of money specified by the court.
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abe hires debbie to cater food for a business lunch and promises to pay her $1,000 (but does not pay upfront).
Debbie should create a contract that outlines the services she will provide, the cost of the services, and the agreed upon payment terms.
What is service?
An "(intangible) act or even use whereby a consumer, business, or government has been willing to pay" is referred to as a service. Barbers, doctors, litigators, mechanics, financial institutions, insurance companies, and other professionals are a few examples. Public services are those that are funded by the entire society (a nation-state, fiscal union, or region). Service providers profit from resources, expertise, ingenuity, and experience to the benefit of service consumers. Services can be viewed as intangible acts as well as performances that the service provider offers to the client in exchange for payment.
The contract should also include a clause specifying the remedies of nonpayment. This will ensure that both parties are aware of the agreement and that Debbie will be paid for the services provided.
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there is no national or standard policy regarding whether probation or parole officers should carry a firearm, and officers themselves are not in agreement about being armed.
Regarding whether probation or parole officers should be armed, there is no established national policy, and the officers disagree among themselves. is accurate.
Officers carrying firearms has divided opinion; some supporters of the treatment-based model of supervision have complained to it, while others have welcomed it. Across the country, some agencies have made carrying a firearm an option, others have made it mandatory, and still other organizations still forbid officers from carrying at all. Violence against probation and parole officers personnel includes verbal threats, dog attacks by offenders, bomb threats, physical assaults, and resistance to arrest. In response to these difficulties, some contend that probation and parole agencies should permit its officials to possess firearms. Parole officers are urged to engage in more aggressive behaviors when supervising a population of violent offenders. Probation has a wide range of positions, from management to actual Officers who work one-on-one with the offenders. It is one of the most significant components of the CJ system.
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three brothers are arrested over a seven-year period for three different crimes. the oldest brother, james, was arrested for second-degree murder and was sentenced to twenty years in prison. john, the second brother, was arrested for drug possession and was sentenced to thirteen months in prison. jason, the youngest, was arrested for grand larceny and is currently serving four to seven years in prison. given this information, answer the following questions. Jason would most likely serve his time in a:
Jason would most likely serve his time in a medium security prison.
A person is sent to a prison dependent on the crime committed and sentencing of that crime. Lower the severity of crime, lower security prison. Jason committed a crime which is not extreme severe nor liberal, so he will serve his time in a medium security prison.
Medium Federal Correctional Institutions are another name for medium-security federal prisons (FCIs). They have increased staff-to-inmate ratios, fortified perimeters, perimeter fencing, and improved security measures for prisoners.
The Federal Bureau of Prisons states that medium-security prisons typically keep convicts in cells, have strong perimeters, and have a high staff-to-inmate ratio. They are typically encircled by double-fence perimeters with electronic detecting systems. Additionally, inmate population control is increased by prison officials.
About 32.4 percent of federal inmates are housed in medium-level prisons. This translates to approximately 50,856 federal inmates. They are almost as crowded as federal prisons with low security.
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which of the following is classification system that uses the degree to which an offender is likely to recidivate and the amount of help required?
Criminal history, youth at discharge, and neighborhood characteristics were the three variables most frequently linked to the probability of recidivism across conditions.
How do you gauge the likelihood of recidivism?Recidivism is commonly calculated as the percentage of criminals in the cohort who have successfully completed the obey period who have participated in at least one recidivist incident.
What are the primary reasons recidivism occurs?Numerous factors can contribute to recidivism, such as social interactions while incarcerated, a lack of job and financial opportunity, depression, a failure to reintegrate into society, an invariable lifestyle and circle after release, and the failure to address the underlying issues that lead to crime while incarcerated.
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in a minimum of 250 words, why it is a strength of the California POST Board of Commissioners to have these civic, professional, and community groups represented: The California POST Commission forms a balanced group of city and county administrators, law enforcement professionals, educators, and public members. The Governor appoints fifteen of the Commissioners, with the advice and consent of the Senate, for three-year overlapping terms. The attorney general is an ex-officio member and serves as the sixteenth POST Commissioner. The Commission meets three times a year to establish standards and regulations and to give direction to POST staff. Commissioners serve without pay but are reimbursed for their expenses for attending meetings. All Commission meetings are open to the public.
In writing an essay you must consider the structure of the essay, Hence, the structure of the essay should be considered;
The Introduction The bodyThe conclusionWhat is California POST Board of Commissioners?Generally, The Commission on Peace Officer Criteria and Training (POST) was created in 1959 by the California Legislature in order to establish basic standards for the selection of law enforcement officers and the training they receive.
The POST Professional Certificate Program promotes education, training, and professionalism in law enforcement; increases the level of competency of law enforcement personnel; and promotes collaboration between the Commission, its clients, and others in the community.
POST is committed to ensuring that all law enforcement agencies in the state of California have access to training that is of a high quality and can be completed at a reasonable cost.
This training focuses on the development of the abilities, knowledge, ethics, and attitudes that are necessary for achieving and sustaining professional excellence.
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_____ union membership offers services such as credit cards and discounted health insurance, but it has no ties to the employee's workplace and does not provide representation in collective bargaining.
Associate
Associate union membership offers services such as credit cards and discounted health insurance, but it has no ties to the employee's workplace and does not provide representation in collective bargaining.
Why is it called collective bargaining?The term "bargaining" was coined by Bertha Webb, a forerunner in British labor law, in 1891. It refers to the various forms of processes agreements and arrangements that have been in place since since the emergence of trade unions in the 1830s.
What function does collective bargaining serve?A collective agreement is the result of the consensual process of collective bargaining, which establishes the terms & conditions of employment and governs interactions between employers, employees, and their organizations.
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if a court rules a certain way on a case because previous cases of similar nature were subject to the same rule, that court is relying on what?
Simply put, it implies that, depending on the court's organizational hierarchy, the judgments reached by judges in earlier, analogous cases are binding on later cases.
As a result, where a case contains comparable substantial circumstances to a case that has been determined by a higher court, a lower court is required by precedent to adopt that judgment. A court is required to follow the ratio of any judgment made by a court further up in the hierarchy, whether or not the decision is correct
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during the first months following issuance of a provisional license (class d), only immediate family members may ride in the vehicle while it is being driven by the provisional license (class d) holder. select one:
During the first six months following the issuance of a Provisional License (Class D), only immediate family members may ride in the vehicle while it is being driven by the Provisional License (Class D) holder.
A provisional license is a license with special conditions. They are also referred to as a provisional instruction permit. And, more casually, they sometimes called a learner's permit. It is only given to people 16-18 years old. Even though you can legally drive alone after you are 16 years old, you need to have a provisional driver's license six months prior.
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Why are political protests more difficult and less frequent in nations without a constitution?.
The reason behind political protests being more difficult and less frequent in nations is that there is no such right to protest is given under the constitution,that's why police are allowed to take immediate action and can arrest the protesters.
Protest rights are protected under the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, under the umbrella of freedom of speech, assembly, and petitioning the government for redress of grievances. At the same time, there are limits to those rights. It's not always clear when you've crossed the line from passionate but lawful protesting to actions that can get you arrested, but knowing the basic guidelines should help you be prepared.
The most significant limit on your right to protest is in the language of the First Amendment, which prohibits government interference with the right to assemble "peaceably."
Without this kind of immediate threat, courts have generally held that police don't have the right to clear out a political demonstration just because they fear possible disorder or because protesters are "raucous," make the cops or other people mad, or slow traffic.
The upshot of these standards set out by the courts: Law enforcement may break up violent protests and arrest participants who engage in violence or property destruction. You shouldn't be arrested just because you were present at a demonstration where other people violated the law, unless you directly incited them to violence. Nor should officers arrest you simply for yelling or cursing at them. But if your words turn to actions that could be considered violent, even actions that aren't likely to cause real injury, like throwing water bottles at cops in full riot gear, you risk arrest.
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A taxpayer who failed to claim the depreciation deduction for the last 12 years may correct this by ?
If a person fails to claim depreciation, the most important consequence is that he lose the greatest tax benefit.
If a person has claimed incorrect amount of depreciation he can do the catchup adjustment, in order to correct the improper depreciation in the previous years.
Even if, the taxpayer has failed to claim depreciation entirely, he can do the following:
1) File an amended return.
2) The taxpayer can increase the basis of the property by the amount of depreciation that should have been claimed.
3) He/she can file form 3155 to change the accounting policy.
4) In the current year, he can file form 4562 to include the unclaimed depreciation in this year.
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if you were a lay witness at a previous trial, you shouldn't list that case in your written report. true or false?
A fact expert is only called upon to attest to facts that are relevant to the case. expert witnesses can be requested to testify before the court regarding what their knowledge of the matter prompts them to believe.
What does becoming a witness entail?A witness who must appear in court to testify on a case. Evidence refers to a witness's testimony in court. The witness swears to tell the truth prior to testifying.
What part does the witness play?The role of a witness is critical in any country's criminal justice system. Any legal system in a civilised society must include these. Every word they make is important since it has the potential to
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individuals high on machiavellianism are significantly more likely to have unethical intentions and to engage in unethical behavior including accepting kickbacks
The given statement is true.
High Machiavellianism individuals may be more willing and adept liars who are less likely to be honest in their replies during interviews. In contrast to psychopaths or narcissists, people with high levels of Machiavellianism are more likely to intend to use deceit in interviews and to consider such usage as ethical. Men and women with high levels of Machiavellianism may approach interviewers in various ways. Women with high levels of Machiavellianism tended to give interviewers more latitude to control the interview's content, according to a study that looked at how much candidates let interviewers steer the issues discussed during the interview. Men with high levels of Machiavellianism provided interviewers the least degree of latitude in determining the interview's topic. During job interviews, men with high levels of Machiavellianism were also more inclined to fabricate details about their backgrounds or experiences. An interviewer or human resources representative with a high degree of Machiavellianism is more likely to mislead, manipulate, or otherwise alter the course of an interview or recruiting process.
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10
Public security agents are commissioned and hired by the federal government only.
Answer: yes that is true but whats the question
Explanation:
Write an essay that evaluates the reasoning of the supreme court majority opinion and dissent in the case of tinker v. Des moines. You must decide which argument is stronger and support your claim with evidence from the text itself. That evidence can take the form of quotes, facts, summaries, or anything else you can find in the tinker v. Des moines case. Besides making a claim and supporting it with evidence, you should also respond to a counterclaim. Who might disagree with your opinion and why? how might you provide a rebuttal to this person's argument?.
The majority of the Supreme Court ruled in a 7-2 decision that neither students nor teachers "give up their guaranteed by the constitution rights to free speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate." The Court ruled that school authorities could not restrict speech solely because they feared it would disrupt the teaching atmosphere.
The differing view contended that the First Amendment does not grant the ability to voice any view point at any time. Students go to school to learn, not to be taught. The armbands were a nuisance. School officials with a lawful interest in maintaining school order must have broad power to safeguard a productive learning atmosphere.
Students will be able to apply Tinker v. Des Moines precedent to a fictional, contemporary scenario. They will use civil debate skills to investigate the tensions among both students' interests in democracy and free speech on campus and the interests of their school in maintaining an arranged teaching atmosphere. They will be able to agree and reach concessions.
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A taxpayer who failed to claim the depreciation deduction for the last 12 years may correct this by
you are the judge. the prosecutor in a criminal case charges john with battery for hitting dan in the face with a swinging door. dan, the victim, is called as the only witness and testifies that john pushed the door open very fast. but then he adds that he does not believe that john knew he was on the other side of the door. shoudl you find john guilty of criminal battery on dan?
Because one of the criteria of the crime is intent to cause harm, John is not guilty of violence against Dan. There is no proof that John intended to strike Dan with the door in this instance.
There is no proof that John intended to strike Dan with the object in this instance. John is accused of battery in a court proceeding after slapping Dan in the face with a swinging door. Dan, the victim, is the only witness contacted, and he confirms that John pushed the door open quickly. Because one of the criteria of the crime is intent to inflict injury, John is not Really guilty of battery on Dan. No, since John had no intention of striking Dan.
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if an unforeseen event occurs that makes it physically or legally impossible for a party to carry out the terms of a contract, the parties will be discharged due to .
If an unforeseen type of event occurs which makes it physically and legally impossible for any kind of party to carry out any type of terms of contract, and as well as the parties will get discharged due to Force majeure.
Force majeure refers to a scenario in which the overall performance of a contractual responsibility has come to be not possible for a celebration because of an occasion which changed into past their control. Force majeure is now and again used synonymously with Act of God, not unusualplace examples consist of earthquakes, floods, hurricanes or tsunamis.
Contracts normally consist of so-known as pressure majeure clauses. A Dutch legal professional can endorse you when it comes to pressure majeure beneathneath Dutch Law and the (blessings of) inclusion and results of inclusive of a extra precise pressure majeure clause. Force majeure clauses may be suitable in contracts for the sale of goods, contracts for the availability of services, distribution contracts, corporation contracts, etc.
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this case supported the idea that an educational requirement can be quantitatively job validating in stating that such requirements indicates a measure of accomplishment and ability which is essential for performance as a police officer:
Davis v. City of Dallas is essential for performance as a police officer:
A warranted legal employee of a police force is known as a police officer, also known as a policeman and, less frequently, a policewoman. The phrase "police officer" is generally used in the global sense and does not denote a specific rank. Some countries only allow military personnel to use the title "officer," according to the law. The usual responsibilities of police personnel include the detention of suspects, the prevention, detection, and reporting of crime, the defence and help of the general public, and the maintenance of public order. Along with other obligations and powers, police officers can take an oath and have the authority to make brief detentions and arrests of people. Some officers have received training for specialized responsibilities such counterterrorism, surveillance, child protection,
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Clint and Carlina are lifelong friends who have decided to open a bakery together. They are both experienced bakers who specialize in artisanal cheesecake, and they feel the world is in need of their creamy and decadent desserts. They are concerned about protecting their assets in case the business fails, about being able to pay the taxes for a business that is just starting out, and about the difficulty of setting up and maintaining the business.
What are the pros and cons of the different business entities they could form? (Go through the four (4) main types of business entities we have learned about). Which type of business entity do you think would be their best option and why?
The merger is the best option that they can get would be their best option.
The ownership of businesses, other businesses, or various units may be passed to or combined with yet another firm in a move known as a merger.
Clint and Carlina have decided to open a bakery together. They are both experienced bakers who specialize in artisanal cheesecake and feel the world is in need of their desserts.
The couple is concerned about protecting their assets in case the business fails, and about the difficulty of running a business then they will merge and the asset and the business can both be managed in the same manner.
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laws and regulations that are created by government-sponsored agencies such as the epa, the faa, and the fcc are known as .
laws and regulations that are created by government-sponsored agencies such as the epa, the faa, and the fcc are known as Administrative laws
A government-sponsored enterprise is a particular type of financial services corporation that the US Congress formed (GSE). They aim to minimize risk for investors and other capital providers, boost the efficiency and transparency of particular capital market segments, and increase the flow of credit to certain economic sectors. The three target industries for borrowing are agriculture, home finance, and education. The GSEs' objective outcome is to enhance credit availability and cut credit costs for these businesses, primarily by reducing the risk of capital losses to investors. Well-known GSEs include the Federal National Mortgage Association, usually called Fannie Mae, and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, also called Freddie Mac.
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dave bought a pizza which was divided into five slices. after eating the third slice he couldn't eat the fourth slice. applying the law of diminishing marginal utility to this scenario which of the following statements is true?
Using the principle applications of the diminishing marginal utility, it can be stated that the marginal utility that Dave has derived from consumption of fourth slice is a lot lesser than the one derived from the consumption of the third slice of the pizza. Therefore, the option C is correct.
As per the diminishing marginal utility law, the additional utility derived by a consumer keeps on diminishing at an increasing rate due to the achievement of a point of satisfaction on the graphical representation of the same.
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Complete question
Dave bought a pizza, which was divided into five slices. After eating the third slice, he couldn't eat the fourth slice. Applying the law of diminishing marginal utility to this scenario, which of the following statements is true?
a. The marginal utility derived from the fourth slice is more than the marginal utility derived from the third slice.
b. The marginal utility derived from the fourth slice is equal to the marginal utility derived from the third slice.
c. The marginal utility derived from the fourth slice is less than the marginal utility derived from the third slice.
d. The marginal utility derived from the third slice is more than the marginal utility derived from the second slice.
The proclamation act of 1763 restricted the freedom of the colonists to: trade with other nations travel at will from town to town settle anywhere other than the land along the atlantic coast levy their own taxes.
Apparently, you can settle anyplace but the territory along on the Atlantic Coast.
What function does trade serve?Trade is a driver of growth that boosts economic opportunity, decreases poverty, and generates employment. The World Bank Group assists its client nations in increasing their involvement in the global economy and their entrance to developed country the markets.
Describe the trade procedure.The business procedure is a random process with periods of the activity and transactions. Participants in the market might get knowledge from the revelations of this process. They impact the market maker's perception of the stock's value, which affects the pricing.
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kellen is selling a vehicle which has been previously been in an accident and which shows obvious damage. if he does not tell the buyer about the accident, has he committed fraudulent misrepresentation? yes, even though the damage is obvious. no, if the buyer does not ask about the vehicle history. no, because it would be inappropriate and not justifiable for a buyer to rely on any of his representations. yes, because the vehicle history is a material fact.
Kellen is selling a vehicle previously involved in an accident and shows obvious damage. If he does not tell the buyer about the accident, he has committed fraudulent misrepresentation because the vehicle history is a material fact.
While buying a vehicle from a private seller, it is crucial to investigate the vehicle properly as the warranties and safeties provided by the manufacturers or dealers are not present here. Most of the time, in a situation, it is not easy to go back to a private seller after the purchase of the vehicle. Still, there are ways in which the private seller can be held legally responsible for any mishaps.
For instance, if a private seller has fulfilled all the document requirements but does not informs about a safety defect in the vehicle, he/she is committing fraud here. If the safety defect results in injury, the private seller will be held responsible for the accident. It is mandatory to tell the vehicle history as it is a material fact.
Another way a private seller can be held liable is a misrepresentation of vehicle history by negligence. If the private seller is unable to inform about the vehicle history and defect by negligence, the vehicle could meet with an accident due to that defect. This is also equal to committing fraud, even if it is negligence.
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