Flexible Budget (5,700 units): $23,438.21
Flexible Budget (7,700 units): $25,234.33
Flexible Budget (8,700 units): $26,116.36
To complete Olive Company's flexible budget for different units, we need to adjust the costs in the master budget based on the changes in activity levels.
Direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead are considered variable costs and will vary in direct proportion to the number of units produced. Fixed manufacturing overhead remains the same regardless of the production level.
To calculate the flexible budget for different units:
For 5,700 units:
Direct materials: $1,340 * (5,700/6,700) = $1,141.79
Direct labor: $2,680 * (5,700/6,700) = $2,284.48
Variable manufacturing overhead: $2,010 * (5,700/6,700) = $1,711.94
Fixed manufacturing overhead: $18,300 (remains the same)
Total manufacturing cost: $1,141.79 + $2,284.48 + $1,711.94 + $18,300 = $23,438.21
For 7,700 units:
Direct materials: $1,340 * (7,700/6,700) = $1,538.81
Direct labor: $2,680 * (7,700/6,700) = $3,079.10
Variable manufacturing overhead: $2,010 * (7,700/6,700) = $2,316.42
Fixed manufacturing overhead: $18,300 (remains the same)
Total manufacturing cost: $1,538.81 + $3,079.10 + $2,316.42 + $18,300 = $25,234.33
For 8,700 units:
Direct materials: $1,340 * (8,700/6,700) = $1,736.72
Direct labor: $2,680 * (8,700/6,700) = $3,475.34
Variable manufacturing overhead: $2,010 * (8,700/6,700) = $2,604.30
Fixed manufacturing overhead: $18,300 (remains the same)
Total manufacturing cost: $1,736.72 + $3,475.34 + $2,604.30 + $18,300 = $26,116.36
Therefore, the flexible budget for 5,700 units is $23,438.21, for 7,700 units is $25,234.33, and for 8,700 units is $26,116.36.
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Butler, Inc., has a target debt-equity ratio of 1.55. Its WACC is 9.8 percent, and the tax rate is 21 percent.
a. If the company’s cost of equity is 13.6 percent, what is its pretax cost of debt? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
b. If instead you know that the aftertax cost of debt is 6.8 percent, what is the cost of equity? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Butler, Inc., is a company that has a target debt-equity ratio of 1.55, a WACC of 9.8 percent, and a tax rate of 21 percent. Based on the information given, the following questions can be answered.
Pretax cost of debt = (WACC - (Weight of equity * Cost of equity))) / Weight of debt Where: WACC = 9.8%Weight of equity = 1 / (1 + 1.55) = 0.392Weight of debt = 1 - 0.392 = 0.608Cost of equity = 13.6%Using the above values, we get:
Pretax cost of debt = (9.8% - (0.392 * 13.6%)) / 0.608= (9.8% - 5.3312%) / 0.608= 4.4688% / 0.608= 7.35% (approx)Therefore, the company's pretax cost of debt is 7.35%.b.
The cost of equity can be calculated using the following formula: WACC = (Weight of equity * Cost of equity) + (Weight of debt * After tax cost of debt *(1 - Tax rate)).
9.8% = (0.392 * Cost of equity) + (0.608 * 6.8% * (1 - 21%))= 0.392 * Cost of equity + 0.327584%= 0.392 * Cost of equity + 0.0327584Cost of equity = (9.8% - 0.327584%) / 0.392= 25.03% (approx) Therefore, the cost of equity is 25.03%.
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Which of the following is a focus for microeconomics? Inflation Unemployment GDP Household decisions
Microeconomics is the field of economics that studies how individuals, households, and firms make decisions concerning the allocation of resources, as well as how they interact in markets. It is a part of economics that focuses on the economic behavior and actions of individual consumers, households, businesses, and industries and their impact on the economy.
The primary focus of microeconomics is on the demand and supply of goods and services in the market. It also looks at how households and businesses make decisions regarding the allocation of resources. In other words, it focuses on the small-scale economy and individual economic actors, including individual consumers and producers. The study of microeconomics seeks to understand the behavior of individuals and organizations in response to changes in the availability of resources and the demand for goods and services.
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Considering Belbin's categorization of team roles(Resource Investigator, Teamwork, Co-ordinator, Plant, Monitor Evaluator, Specialist, Shaper, Implementer, Completer Finisher) which team role or roles do you think fit you best? Do you think some of these roles are more common for cybersecurity experts?
Belbin's team role model is one of the most well-known models for team-building, developed by Dr. Meredith Belbin. It's based on the assumption that for any group or team to work together efficiently, the personalities of the members must complement one another.
According to Belbin's model, there are nine distinct team roles that people may take on, each with its specific characteristics. These nine team roles are Resource Investigator, Teamwork, Co-ordinator, Plant, Monitor Evaluator, Specialist, Shaper, Implementer, and Completer Finisher.
Now let's look at the roles that might fit best for a cybersecurity expert. Specialist: Cybersecurity is a specialized field, and it takes someone with a specific skill set to work in this industry.
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The tock of payout corp. Will go ex-dividend tomorrow. The dividend will be $0. 50 per hare
- The stock of Payout Corp. will go ex-dividend tomorrow.
- Investors who buy the stock on or after the ex-dividend date will not receive the upcoming dividend payment.
- The dividend for Payout Corp. is $0.50 per share.
- Investors who own the stock before the ex-dividend date will receive a dividend payment of $0.50 per share.
The term "ex-dividend" refers to the date on which a stock no longer carries the right to receive the next dividend payment. In this case, the stock of Payout Corp. will go ex-dividend tomorrow.
When a stock goes ex-dividend, it means that investors who buy the stock on or after the ex-dividend date will not be eligible to receive the upcoming dividend payment. Only investors who own the stock before the ex-dividend date will be entitled to receive the dividend.
The dividend for Payout Corp. is $0.50 per share. This means that for every share of Payout Corp. that an investor owns before the ex-dividend date, they will receive a dividend payment of $0.50.
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Companies facing strong competition and limited resources may have no choice but to adopt a differentiated focus strategy (Niche competitive advantage).
Discuss this statement as it relates to Dr. Martens.
(needs to be in paragraphs, detailed answer)
Dr. Martens, which was initially known as the Griggs company, is an iconic British footwear company that was established in 1947. The firm became famous for its tough, long-lasting boots that were sold to workers and later to youth subcultures.
Over time, the brand's products have been embraced by a broad range of consumers, including fashionistas, musicians, and subcultures like punk and goth.
Dr. Martens is a company that has had to cope with strong competition and limited resources, and the company's success is a result of its ability to maintain a competitive edge in its niche markets. The firm has accomplished this by focusing on its core products and creating a loyal customer base. This approach is in line with the differentiated focus strategy that is used by businesses facing strong competition and limited resources.
The differentiated focus strategy is a technique used to establish a competitive advantage in a specific market segment. The strategy focuses on offering unique products or services that cater to the needs of a specific market segment. Dr. Martens has achieved success through its differentiation strategy, which involves creating unique products and marketing them to a specific target market.
Dr. Martens has also adopted a niche competitive advantage strategy. This strategy is based on focusing on a specific niche market that is often ignored by larger competitors. Dr. Martens has focused on producing unique boots that cater to the needs of specific market segments such as punk and goth subcultures. By targeting these markets, Dr. Martens has created a loyal customer base that has helped it to remain competitive despite strong competition and limited resources.
In conclusion, Dr. Martens has managed to remain competitive in the footwear industry by adopting a differentiated focus strategy. The company has focused on creating unique products that cater to the needs of specific market segments. Additionally, Dr. Martens has embraced a niche competitive advantage strategy that has allowed it to focus on a specific market segment and build a loyal customer base. By doing so, the company has achieved success despite strong competition and limited resources.
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Which one of the following is an example of negative side effect? $8,500 paid to a marketing consultant to help decide whether or not to start a new product line $1.5 million building used for a project that would rent for $100,000 otherwise $1,800 increase in comic book sales if a store commences selling puzzles $4,500 reduction in comic book sales if a store commences selling comic movies $1,500 paid to repair a machine last year
One of the examples of a negative side effect is the [tex]$4,500[/tex] reduction in comic book sales if a store commences selling comic movies. A negative side effect is an unintended consequence that occurs as a result of a particular action or decision.
In this case, the decision of selling comic movies led to a reduction in comic book sales, which was not the intended outcome.In contrast, some of the other options are positive side effects. For example, paying a marketing consultant may lead to better decision-making and successful product launches. Investing in a building for a project shows a long-term commitment to the business. Repairing a machine last year ensures that it can continue to be used for future operations. Selling puzzles may increase overall sales.
However, the reduction in comic book sales after commencing selling comic movies is a negative side effect because it directly contradicts the purpose of expanding the store's inventory. Although there may be positive outcomes to selling comic movies, the decrease in comic book sales was not the intended result and may lead to negative financial consequences for the store.
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A 15-year, 7.6% coupon bond that is selling at a bond yield of 9.8%. The coupon is paid semi-annually. What will be your annual rate of return if you hold the bond until maturity and the reinvestment rate for coupon payments is equal to 0%? Correct Answer is below
6.42%
6.53%
6.69%
3.21%
3.29%
6.58%
the correct answer is 6.53%.
Given:Time to maturity (years) = 15 Coupon = 7.6% = 0.076 Yield to maturity = 9.8% = 0.098 Compounding = Semi-annually
We need to find out the Annual rate of return if the bond is held until maturity and the reinvestment rate for coupon payments is equal to 0%.
The annual rate of return is also called Yield.The bond is paying 7.6% coupon semi-annually.
Therefore, each coupon payment is 0.5 * 7.6 = 3.8.The cash flow of the bond will be as follows:
Cash flow = 3.8 (PVIFAr%, 1) + 3.8
(PVIFAr%, 2) + ... + 3.8 (PVIFAr%, 30) + 100 (PVIFAr%, 30
)Where,Ar% is the semi-annual Yield to maturity converted to annual equivalent
rate.Ar% = (1 + 0.098 / 2)^(2) -
1Ar% = 0.102
Nominal value (FV) of the bond = 100
Using the above formula, we can calculate
Yield (Ar%).The value of Ar% =
6.53%.
Therefore, the correct answer is 6.53%.
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How much is accumulated over two years in each of the following savings plans? a. $60 at the end of each month for 24 months at 24 percent compounded monthly b. $50 at the end of the first month, $51 at the end of the second month, and so forth, increasing by $1 per month, at 24 percent compounded monthly Click the icon to view the table of compound interest factors for discrete compounding periods when i=2%. a. There would be $ accumulated in the account after two years. (Round to the nearest cent as needed.) b. There would be $ accumulated in the account after two years. (Round to the nearest cent as needed.)
Using the formula for the future value of a series of deposits, we can calculate the future value of these deposits.
[tex]FV = PMT[((1 + i)n - 1) / i][/tex]where: PMT is the periodic payment, i is the interest rate per period, n is the number of periods.
We can use the table of compound interest factors to calculate the future value factor (FVF) that corresponds to our interest rate (2% per month) and our number of periods (24 months). FVF is 1.56331.The periodic payment increases by $1 each month, so we need to find the sum of a sequence of payments that increase by $1 each month.
We can use the formula for the sum of a sequence of payments that increase by a fixed amount each time:
[tex]S = [n/2][2a + (n-1)d][/tex] where: S is the sum of the sequence, n is the number of terms in the sequence, a is the first term of the sequence, d is the common difference between terms. The first term of the sequence is $50 and the common difference is $1.
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Which of the following charts would show whether net cash flow and sales share a linear relationship?
Select one:
a. Pie chart
b. Bar chart
c. Scatter plot
d. Trend chart
Option (c), A scatter plot would show whether net cash flow and sales share a linear relationship.
What is a Scatter Plot?A scatter plot is a kind of mathematical diagram that employs Cartesian coordinates to show values for two variables for a set of data. It is used to show the connection or association between two variables or sets of data.
The chart that shows whether net cash flow and sales share a linear relationship is a scatter plot.
Scatter plots are helpful for examining relationships between two variables. A scatter plot uses dots to represent values for two separate numeric variables. The position of each dot on the horizontal and vertical axis implies values for an individual data point. By displaying a variable in each axis, you may look for patterns that might be detected.
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i hereby authorize university of massachusetts global to initiate debit or credit entries to my depository according to the terms below, and for my depository to debit or credit the same to such account. in the event that this electronic payment is returned unpaid for any reason, i understand that a $25.00 return fee will be added to my student account.i hereby authorize university of massachusetts global to initiate debit or credit entries to my depository according to the terms below, and for my depository to debit or credit the same to such account. in the event that this electronic payment is returned unpaid for any reason, i understand that a $25.00 return fee will be added to my student account.
The statement provided is an authorization for the University of Massachusetts Global to initiate debit or credit entries to the student's depository account. It also states that if the electronic payment is returned unpaid, a $25.00 return fee will be added to the student's account.
The statement is essentially giving permission to the University of Massachusetts Global to make transactions, either debits or credits, to the student's depository account. This means that the university has the authority to withdraw or deposit funds from the account as necessary.
Additionally, it states that if the electronic payment made by the university is returned unpaid for any reason, a $25.00 return fee will be added to the student's account. This fee is a penalty for the unsuccessful payment transaction. Overall, this authorization allows the university to manage the student's account electronically and specifies the consequences of a returned payment.
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Currency: Russian Ruble
Obtain a quotation for the spot rate of the foreign currency from the bank where you intend to conduct your foreign exchange transactions. Then obtain a quotation for the spot rate of the foreign currency from another bank. Does it appear that the spot rates are aligned across locations at a given time?
Obtain a quotation for the one year forward rate of the foreign currency from the bank where you intend to conduct your foreign exchange transactions. Then use a business periodical to determine the prevailing one year interest rates in the United States and Russia. Does it appear the interest rate parity exists?
Review the data on forward rates from the Wall Street journal or another source to determine wether the foreign currency of concern typically exhibits a discount or a premium. Then review data on interest rates to compare the foreign country of concern and the us interest rates. Does it appear that the forward rate of the foreign currency exhibits a premium ( discount) when its interest rate is lower ( higher ) than the us. Interest rate, as suggested by interest rate parity?
The Russian Ruble (RUB) is the currency of Russia. Obtaining a quotation for the spot rate of the foreign currency from the bank where you plan to conduct foreign exchange transactions is the first step in foreign exchange transactions.
After that, obtain a quotation for the spot rate of the foreign currency from another bank.
Is it evident that the spot rates are aligned across locations at a particular time?
The spot rate of the foreign currency will differ slightly across banks,
and the rate will vary over time based on market conditions.
So, it does not appear that the spot rates are aligned across locations at a given time.
The next step is to obtain a quotation for the one-year forward rate of the foreign currency from the bank where you plan to conduct foreign exchange transactions.
Using a business periodical, determine the prevailing one-year interest rates in both the United States and Russia.
Interest rate parity may be determined by determining whether the forward rate is higher or lower than the spot rate.
It is recommended to calculate forward rates using both interest rate parity and covered interest rate parity to obtain more accurate results.
If interest rate parity is true, the forward exchange rate will be equal to the expected future spot rate,
and the forward rate will be equal to the spot rate multiplied by the ratio of interest rates for the two currencies.
After that, review the forward rate data from a reputable source like the Wall Street Journal to see if the foreign currency of concern typically exhibits a discount or a premium.
If the forward rate of the foreign currency exhibits a premium when its interest rate is lower than that of the US,
it is a discount when its interest rate is higher than the US interest rate, as suggested by interest rate parity.
This information can be compared to the interest rates of both countries to see whether interest rate parity is satisfied or not.
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Required:
Consider each separate situation.
1. The market rate at the date of issuance is 8%.
(a) Complete the below table to determine the bonds' issue price on January 1.
(b) Prepare the journal entry to record their issuance.
2. The market rate at the date of issuance is 10%.
(a) Complete the below table to determine the bonds' issue price on January 1.
(b) Prepare the journal entry to record their issuance.
3. The market rate at the date of issuance is 12%.
(a) Complete the below table to determine the bonds' issue price on January 1.
(b) Prepare the journal entry to record their issuance.
Given data: Bonds payable $600,000 Term 10 years stated rate of 6% semi-annually. Compute the bond issue price on January 1, for different market rates.1. The market rate at the date of issuance is 8%.
(a) The bond issue price on January 1 is $643,678.
(b) The journal entry to record their issuance will be:
Bonds payable $643,678Cash $643,6782. The market rate at the date of issuance is 10%.
(a) The bond issue price on January 1 is $567,753.
(b) The journal entry to record their issuance will be:
Bonds payable $567,753Cash $567,7533. The market rate at the date of issuance is 12%.
(a) The bond issue price on January 1 is $500,187.
(b) The journal entry to record their issuance will be:
Bonds payable $500,187Cash $500,187
Note: The above solutions are computed using the present value of the bond payment. The present value of the bond payment is calculated using the below formula. Present value of bond payment= Future value of bond payment X Present value of the annuity due of $1 at the market rate.
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Which of the following companies is most committed to the shareholder value approach?] A) Company A, when it decides to expand from a microchip manufacturer to an on-line internet company. B) Company B, a bank that acts on opportunities to buy other distressed banks cheaply in order to grow its deposit base. C) Company C, an auto company that focuses on cost cutbacks and pension rollback to improve the bottom line. D) Company D, a software company that introduces to its mission statement shareholder values initiatives such as salary freezes.
The company that is most committed to the shareholder value approach is D) Company D, a software company that introduces to its mission statement shareholder values initiatives such as salary freezes.
Shareholder value approach is an approach that believes in enhancing the value of an organization for its shareholders by means of growth, profitability, and operational efficiencies. It is a term that refers to the maximization of shareholder wealth. Shareholder value maximization is an important issue for all businesses.Companies A, B, and C, all focus on growth, cutting costs, and expanding their deposit base, respectively.
These activities are geared towards maximizing profit but do not explicitly reflect a commitment to shareholder value. They all fall short of Company D’s commitment to incorporating shareholder value initiatives into its mission statement. By introducing initiatives such as salary freezes, Company D is demonstrating its commitment to maximizing the value of its organization for its shareholders.
In conclusion, Company D is the most committed to the shareholder value approach out of the four companies mentioned.
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Paul Monroe, CPA, has been in public practice and a member of the AICPA for 25 years. He signs over 300 individual tax returns each year, most of which have been initially prepared by his staff and reviewed by other staff and himself. In reviewing tax returns for the current filing season, Paul notices that several transactions were improperly handled for the prior year return. Upon further review, Paul realizes that this error exists not only on prior year returns for his current clients but also on prior returns for individuals who are no longer his clients. Consider Circular 230, the SSTSs, and the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct in analyzing Paul's situation.
Paul Monroe, CPA, has a professional responsibility to rectify the errors in the prior year returns of both his current clients and former clients. This is based on his ethical obligations outlined in Circular 230, the SSTSs, and the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct.
Paul Monroe, CPA, has a professional responsibility to rectify the errors he has discovered in the prior year returns of his clients, as well as the prior returns of individuals who are no longer his clients. He should take the following considerations into account:
1. Circular 230: Circular 230 is a set of regulations issued by the IRS that outlines the standards of practice for tax professionals. It requires tax practitioners to exercise due diligence in preparing and reviewing tax returns. Paul should ensure compliance with Circular 230 by addressing the errors and taking appropriate corrective actions.
2. SSTSs (Statements on Standards for Tax Services): The SSTSs provide guidance to tax practitioners on ethical standards and responsibilities. Paul should review the SSTSs to determine any specific requirements related to correcting errors in prior year returns and follow the relevant guidance.
3. AICPA Code of Professional Conduct: As a member of the AICPA, Paul is bound by the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct. The code sets forth ethical principles and rules that govern the behavior of CPAs. Paul should consider the code's provisions related to professional competence, due professional care, and responsibilities to clients and the public in addressing the errors.
In summary, Paul has an ethical and professional obligation to rectify the errors in the prior year returns, regardless of whether the clients are current or former. He should follow the guidelines outlined in Circular 230, the SSTSs, and the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct to ensure appropriate actions are taken to correct the errors and mitigate any potential negative consequences for the affected individuals.
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Which are nonequity-based modes of entry in foreign markets?
franchising exporting contracted manufacturing turnkey projects
Exporting, contracted manufacture, and turnkey projects.
Nonequity-based modes of entry in foreign markets are those modes that do not require investment in the foreign country to gain access to its local market. These modes include exporting, contracted manufacturing, and turnkey projects. They are generally less risky, cheaper, and faster compared to equity-based modes such as joint ventures and wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Exporting: Exporting involves the sale of products or services produced in one country to another. It is the most straightforward way of entering a foreign market, but it may require local marketing efforts and adaptation of the product to suit local preferences.
Contract manufacturing: Contract manufacturing is a type of outsourcing in which a firm hires a local manufacturer to produce its products. This strategy is beneficial for firms that do not want to invest in manufacturing facilities in a foreign country.
Turnkey projects: Turnkey projects involve the transfer of a complete system to a foreign country, such as a manufacturing plant or an infrastructure project. In this mode, the foreign buyer buys the system from the seller, who designs, builds, and installs the system.
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identify the correct source of the wage differential in the following scenarios. both riley and his twin brother, roland, work for a package delivery company. riley delivers cookies and cakes to local grocery stores and makes $18/hour . roland, who is responsible for the transport of chemicals to and from the local university, earns $25/hour .
The wage differential between Riley and Roland is likely influenced by the differing job responsibilities, education and training, market demand, and experience/seniority levels. These factors collectively determine the value of each position within the package delivery company and justify the differences in their wages.
The wage differential between Riley and Roland can be attributed to several factors:
1. Job Responsibilities: Riley delivers cookies and cakes to local grocery stores, which may require less specialized skills and knowledge compared to Roland's responsibility of transporting chemicals to and from the local university. The higher wage for Roland reflects the higher level of expertise and potential risks associated with handling chemicals.
2. Education and Training: It is possible that Roland has received additional education or training that qualifies him for the higher-paying position. For example, he may have a degree or certification in chemistry or transportation logistics, which increases his value to the company and justifies the higher wage.
3. Market Demand: The wage differential may also be influenced by the market demand for each type of job. If there is a higher demand for workers with Roland's skills and expertise in transporting chemicals, the company may need to offer a higher wage to attract and retain qualified individuals.
4. Experience and Seniority: Another factor that can contribute to wage differentials is the level of experience and seniority in the company. If Roland has been with the company for a longer period or has more experience in his field, he may be compensated at a higher rate due to his proven track record and accumulated knowledge.
In summary, the wage differential between Riley and Roland is likely influenced by the differing job responsibilities, education and training, market demand, and experience/seniority levels. These factors collectively determine the value of each position within the package delivery company and justify the differences in their wages.
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1) The Swiss chocolatier Läderach makes scrumptious dark chocolate almond bars and they have a number of stores in New York City. Suppose the market for chocolate almond bars is in equilibrium, and the equilibrium price and quantity of a bar of chocolates is $20 and 15,000 boxes are sold in December. For some reason, in January the market price of a bar of chocolates decreases to $15 and then increases back to $20 in February. a) What could be causing this swing in price to happen in a perfectly competitive market? Explain with the help of suitable demand and supply diagrams. b) If Läderach is working in a perfectly competitive market, is there anything they can do to affect the price?
a) The swing in price can be caused by shifts in supply and demand curves in a perfectly competitive market.
b) In a perfectly competitive market, firms like Läderach cannot directly affect the price, but they can adjust their production levels to indirectly influence it.
a) The swing in price in a perfectly competitive market can be caused by shifts in either the demand or supply curve.
If the price of a chocolate almond bar decreases to $15 in January, it suggests that there has been an increase in supply or a decrease in demand. One possible reason for this could be a temporary increase in production or a decrease in production costs for chocolate almond bars. This would shift the supply curve to the right, leading to a lower equilibrium price and a higher quantity sold.
In February, when the price increases back to $20, it indicates that there has been a decrease in supply or an increase in demand. This could occur if there were supply disruptions or an increase in production costs, shifting the supply curve to the left. Alternatively, there could be an increase in demand due to seasonal factors or marketing efforts, shifting the demand curve to the right.
b) In a perfectly competitive market, individual firms like Läderach have limited control over the price. They are price takers, meaning they must accept the prevailing market price. Since Läderach operates in a competitive market, it cannot directly influence the price of chocolate almond bars.
However, Läderach can indirectly affect the price by adjusting its production level. If they increase production, it would shift the supply curve to the right, potentially leading to a lower price in the market. Conversely, if they decrease production, it would shift the supply curve to the left, potentially resulting in a higher price.
Ultimately, the market price will be determined by the overall supply and demand conditions. Individual firms can only adjust their production levels to respond to market conditions but cannot unilaterally set or influence the price in a perfectly competitive market.
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If Erin's income decreases and, as a result, she chooses to buy fewer milkshakes per month at each price, then her demand curve will not shift; instead, Erin will move along her demand curve downward and to the right. shift to the right. shift to the left. not shift; instead, Erin will move along her demand curve upward and to the left.
The given statement: “If Erin's income decreases and, as a result, she chooses to buy fewer milkshakes per month at each price, then her demand curve will not shift; instead, Erin will move along her demand curve downward and to the right”.
This statement clearly illustrates that the shift in the demand curve of a product is based on a change in the factors other than the price of the product. The demand curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between the price of the product and the quantity demanded by the consumers. The shape of the demand curve is generally downward sloping because of the inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded
.The demand curve can shift due to changes in the factors other than the price of the product. These factors include changes in income, tastes, preferences, prices of related goods, etc. A change in any of these factors can lead to a shift in the demand curve of the product.
However, when there is a change in any of the factors other than the price of the product, it leads to a shift in the demand curve of the product. In the given statement, Erin's income has decreased, and she chooses to buy fewer milkshakes per month at each price.
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video game company ubisoft is a _____ because it produces and distributes a specific type of cultural product for public consumption, in order to profit financially
video game company ubisoft is a commercial entity because it produces and distributes a specific type of cultural product for public consumption, in order to profit financially.
video game company Ubisoft is a "commercial entity" or "profit-oriented organization" because it engages in the production and distribution of video games, a form of cultural product, with the primary aim of financial gain. By developing and releasing video games, Ubisoft caters to the entertainment needs and desires of the public, offering interactive experiences that captivate players and provide enjoyment. However, at its core, Ubisoft operates as a commercial entity, driven by the pursuit of profit. The company invests significant resources in game development, marketing campaigns, and distribution channels to maximize sales and revenue. Its primary objective is to create commercially successful games that resonate with consumers and generate substantial financial returns. Ubisoft's business model centers around the creation, marketing, and sale of video games as a product, making it a prominent player in the competitive video game industry.
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A financial instrument just paid the investor $326 last year. The cash flow is expected to last forever and increase at a rate of 2.3 percent annually. If you use a 7.9 percent discount rate for investments like this, what should be the price you are willing to pay for this financial instrument? (Round to the nearest dollar.)
The formula for the present value of a perpetuity is:PV
= C / r, where PV is the present value, C is the cash flow, andr is the discount rate. Using the formula, the price that should be paid for this financial instrument can be calculated as follows:PV
= C / rPV
= $326 / (0.079 - 0.023)PV
= $326 / 0.056PV
= $5821.43Therefore, the price that should be paid for this financial instrument is $5821.43. Rounding it to the nearest dollar, it will be $5821.
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Jupiter Investments acquired $36,000 of Carlisle Corp., 7% bonds at their face amount on September 1, 2014. The bonds pay interest on September 1 and March 1. On March 1, 2015, Jupiter sold $9,000 of Carlisle Corp. bonds at 103.
Journalize the entries to record the following:
1. The initial acquisition of the Carlisle Corp. bonds was on September 1, 2014.
2. The adjusting entry for four months of accrued interest earned on the Carlisle Corp. bonds on December 31, 2014.
3. The receipt of semiannual interest on March 1, 2015.
4. The sale of $9,000 of Carlisle Corp. bonds on March 1, 2015, at 103.
Do not copy from Chegg and give complete answer with explanation
The initial acquisition of the Carlisle Corp. bonds on September 1, 2014.Journal entry to record the initial purchase of the bonds Date Account Title and Description Debit Credit Sep.
1Investments in Carlisle Corp. bonds36,000Cash36,0002.
The adjusting entry for four months of accrued interest earned on the Carlisle Corp. bonds on December 31, 2014. Since the bonds pay interest on September 1 and March 1, four months' interest (from September 1 to December 31) must be accrued as of December 31.
The calculation is: $36,000 x 7% x 4/12 = $840.
An adjusting entry is needed to record this interest earned and to increase the bond investment account and accrued interest account. Date Account Title and Description Debit Credit Dec.
31Interest receivable840Accrued interest8403.
The receipt of semiannual interest on March 1, 2015.
The semiannual interest of $1,260 ($36,000 x 7% x 6/12)
Date Account Title and Description Debit Credit Mar. 1Cash1,260Interest receivable1,2604. The sale of $9,000 of Carlisle Corp. bonds on March 1, 2015, at 103.
The bond investment is decreased by the sale proceeds of $9,270 ($9,000 x 103%).
The carrying amount of the bonds sold is $8,820 ($9,000 carrying amount - $180 unamortized premium). DateAccount Title and Description Debit Credit Mar. 1Cash9,270Investments in Carlisle Corp. bonds8,820Gain on sale of investments450 Thus, the journal entries to record the transactions have been provided.
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Explain in detail any five (5) operations and supply chain management strategies that have been implemented to enable recovery from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic
COVID-19 pandemic has impacted businesses globally and supply chains have been affected. Companies have had to adopt new strategies to ensure they remain operational and enable a quick recovery from the effects of the pandemic.
1. Inventory Management Strategy
Companies have adopted new inventory management strategies such as just-in-time inventory management systems. This strategy is aimed at minimizing inventory holding costs and reducing the risk of stock becoming obsolete. With this strategy, companies only order inventory when they need it, ensuring that they do not hold too much stock.
2. Transportation Management Strategy
Due to the pandemic, there has been a significant reduction in transportation services, making it difficult for companies to transport goods from one place to another. To counter this, companies have adopted transportation management strategies such as diversification of their transportation channels.
3. Procurement Strategy
The pandemic has also affected the procurement of goods and services. With restrictions in place, companies have been unable to procure goods from their usual suppliers. To overcome this, companies have adopted procurement strategies such as multi-sourcing, where they source goods and services from multiple suppliers. This strategy ensures that companies have an alternative source of goods and services in case their primary source is unavailable.
4. Manufacturing Strategy
Manufacturing processes have been affected by the pandemic, with some companies having to halt production altogether. To ensure that they remain operational, companies have adopted manufacturing strategies such as implementing automation. This strategy ensures that manufacturing processes are automated, reducing the number of workers required, and ensuring that social distancing rules are adhered to.
5. Risk Management Strategy
The pandemic has exposed businesses to unprecedented risks. To mitigate these risks, companies have adopted risk management strategies such as scenario planning. This strategy involves identifying potential risks and developing contingency plans to address them.
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How does the U.S. central bank conduct monetary policy? What are the principal ‘tools’ and the most important ‘tool’ that the central bank has to conduct monetary policy? Showing the simple balance sheet of the Fed, (2 assets and 2 liabilities), show how these tools can work, especially how would the Fed conduct and ‘easy’ or expansionary money policy using the /Fed Funds market? Using both the loanable funds and the money market show the likely impact of the easy money on interest rates and the macro economy. What would a ‘tight money’ policy look like?
The United States Federal Reserve System (Fed) is the US central bank that conducts monetary policy by controlling the supply of money and credit in the economy. The primary tools used by the central bank to control the supply of money and credit are the open market operations, discount rate, and reserve requirements.
The Fed's most important tool is the open market operations. The open market operations allow the central bank to purchase or sell US Treasury bonds, bills, and notes on the open market. By doing this, the Fed can influence the price and the amount of credit in the economy.
To conduct an expansionary monetary policy or an easy money policy, the Fed will purchase Treasury securities in the open market, increasing the supply of money and lowering the federal funds rate. The federal funds rate is the interest rate that banks charge each other for overnight loans.
The easy money policy would have an impact on both the loanable funds and money market. In the loanable funds market, the lower interest rates would encourage people to borrow more, making it easier for businesses to borrow for investment and growth, ultimately leading to an increase in the GDP. In the money market, the lower interest rates would lead to a depreciation in the dollar's value, making US exports cheaper and increasing exports' competitiveness in global markets.
On the other hand, a tight money policy or a contractionary monetary policy is used to reduce inflation by reducing the amount of money in circulation and increasing the cost of borrowing. The Fed can increase the federal funds rate, sell US Treasury securities, and increase the reserve requirements. This action would decrease the supply of money in circulation, making it more expensive to borrow money, leading to a decrease in consumer spending, a slowdown in the economy, and eventually lower inflation.
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Suppose actual investments is greater than planned investment. What can we say with certainty?
A - The inventory of firms are not changing
B - The inventory of firms are falling
C - The economy is in equilibrium
D - Output will tend to fall
E - Saving is negative
If actual investment is greater than planned investment, then we can say with certainty that the inventory of firms is falling. The correct option is B, that is, The inventory of firms is falling.
Inventory refers to the final goods that companies make in excess of the current demand level. Suppose actual investment is greater than planned investment. In that case, companies are producing more than the required demand, resulting in an increase in the inventory levels.
However, in this case, the actual investment is greater than planned investment, which means that firms are investing more in capital than they intended to. As a result, firms are producing more than the required demand, resulting in a surplus of products. The inventory levels increase when the demand for the product is low, or the production capacity is high.
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fdr and president hoover chart provided assistance to private relief and charity organizations (red cross, etc)
False. While President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) implemented numerous policies and programs to provide relief during the Great Depression, including the establishment of the New Deal, his administration focused primarily on government-led initiatives rather than relying on private relief and charity organizations. FDR's programs aimed to address the economic and social challenges of the time through federal intervention and public works projects.
On the other hand, President Herbert Hoover, who preceded FDR, initially advocated for a more limited government role in addressing the economic crisis of the Great Depression. Hoover believed in the importance of voluntary efforts and private charities to provide relief to those in need. However, as the severity of the crisis deepened, Hoover also implemented government interventions, such as the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, to provide assistance to struggling businesses and banks.
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You are the financial analyst for the Glad It’s Finally Over Company. The director of capital budgeting has asked you to analyze a proposed capital investment. The project has a cost of $35,000 and the cost of capital is 8%. The project’s expected net cash flows are as follows:
Data for Problems 1 – 5
Year Expected Net Cash Flow
0 ($35,000)
1 $14,500
2 $11,000
3 $11,000
4 $5,000
1. If the cash inflows are received throughout the year, the payback period given this scenario is _____ years (Fill in the blank with your calculation result of two decimal places).
2. If the cash inflows are received throughout the year, the project’s discounted payback period is ___ years (Fill in the blank with your calculation result of two decimal places).
3. The project’s Net Present Value is $_______, (rounded to 2 decimal places)
4. The project’s Internal Rate of Return is ______%, (rounded to 2 decimal places)
5. The project’s modified Internal Rate of Return is ______%, (rounded to 2 decimal places).
1 .If the cash inflows are received throughout the year, the payback period given this scenario is 3.3 years. 2. If the cash inflows are received throughout the year, the project’s discounted payback period is 3.03 years.3 The project’s Net Present Value is $139.35 4.The project’s Internal Rate of Return is 11.78%. 5.The project’s modified Internal Rate of Return is 11.43%.
To calculate the payback period, discounted payback period, net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and modified internal rate of return (MIRR) for the proposed capital investment, we'll use the given data and the cost of capital of 8%. Let's calculate each of these measures:
Payback Period:
To calculate the payback period, we need to determine the time it takes for the cumulative cash inflows to equal or exceed the initial investment.
Year 0: ($35,000)
Year 1: $14,500
Year 2: $11,000
Year 3: $11,000
Year 4: $5,000
The cumulative cash inflows are as follows:
Year 1: $14,500
Year 2: $14,500 + $11,000 = $25,500
Year 3: $25,500 + $11,000 = $36,500
Year 4: $36,500 + $5,000 = $41,500
The payback period is the time it takes for the cumulative cash inflows to reach or exceed the initial investment of $35,000.
Payback period = 3 + ($35,000 - $36,500) / $5,000
Payback period = 3.3 years
Therefore, the payback period is 3.3 years.
Discounted Payback Period:
To calculate the discounted payback period, we consider the present value of the cash inflows.
Using the formula for present value (PV) of cash flows:
PV = CF / (1 + r)^n
Where CF is the cash flow, r is the discount rate, and n is the year.
Year 0: ($35,000) [no discounting]
Year 1: $14,500 / (1 + 0.08)^1 = $13,425.93
Year 2: $11,000 / (1 + 0.08)^2 = $9,623.89
Year 3: $11,000 / (1 + 0.08)^3 = $8,404.06
Year 4: $5,000 / (1 + 0.08)^4 = $3,561.47
The cumulative discounted cash inflows are as follows:
Year 1: $13,425.93
Year 2: $13,425.93 + $9,623.89 = $23,049.82
Year 3: $23,049.82 + $8,404.06 = $31,453.88
Year 4: $31,453.88 + $3,561.47 = $34,015.35
The discounted payback period is the time it takes for the cumulative discounted cash inflows to reach or exceed the initial investment of $35,000.
Discounted payback period = 3 + ($35,000 - $34,015.35) / $3,561.47
Discounted payback period = 3.03 years
Therefore, the discounted payback period is 3.03 years.
Net Present Value (NPV):
To calculate the NPV, we sum the present values of the cash flows and subtract the initial investment.
NPV = PV of cash inflows - Initial investment
NPV = $13,425.93 + $9,623.89 + $8,404.06 + $3,561.47 - $35,000
NPV = $139.35
Therefore, the NPV is $139.35.
Internal Rate of Return (IRR):
To calculate the IRR, we find the discount rate that makes the NPV equal to zero. We can use a financial calculator or spreadsheet software to find the IRR.
IRR = 11.78%
Therefore, the IRR is 11.78%.
Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR):
MIRR considers both the cost of capital for cash outflows and a reinvestment rate for cash inflows. We can use a financial calculator or spreadsheet software to find the MIRR.
MIRR = 11.43%
Therefore, the MIRR is 11.43%.
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Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 relieves insiders of liability for transactions that occur within eighteen months before becoming an insider.
True
False
A(n) ________ is an exemption from registration that permits local businesses to raise capital from local investors to be used in the local economy without the need to register with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
A.private placement exemption
B.regulation A offering
C.nonissuer exemption
D.intrastate offering exemption
If a limited liability company (LLC) does not keep minutes of the company's meetings, the members become personally liable for the LLC's debts.
True
False
The answer for the first question is False. Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 does not relieve insiders of liability for transactions that occur within eighteen months before becoming an insider.
The Section actually calls for the return of short-swing profits to the corporation. Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act applies to reporting companies and their insiders.
Secondly, the answer for the second question is D. intrastate offering exemption. A(n) intrastate offering exemption is an exemption from registration that permits local businesses to raise capital from local investors to be used in the local economy without the need to register with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Lastly, the answer for the third question is False. If a limited liability company (LLC) does not keep minutes of the company's meetings, the members do not become personally liable for the LLC's debts.
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Suppose that a government that is skeptical of efforts to regulate prices charged by private companies is nevertheless concerned that a natural gas utility company is taking advantage of consumers with unfair pricing policies. Which of the following policy options might effectively enable the government to achieve its objectives in this situation?
a. Regulate the firm’s pricing behavior
b. Turn the company into a public enterprise
c. Use antitrust laws to increase competition
d. Do nothing at all
In this situation, the government is skeptical of regulating prices but is concerned about unfair pricing policies by a natural gas utility company. To achieve its objectives, the government can consider the following policy options:
Regulate the firm's pricing behavior: This option involves implementing price controls or setting limits on the prices charged by the natural gas utility company.For example, the government can establish a maximum price that the utility company can charge for its services.Turn the company into a public enterprise: This option involves converting the natural gas utility company into a publicly owned entity.For instance, the government can appoint a regulatory body to oversee the company's pricing practices.
Use antitrust laws to increase competition: This option involves enforcing antitrust laws to promote competition in the natural gas market.For example, the government can encourage the entry of new competitors into the market or break up monopolistic practices by the utility company.Do nothing at all: This option involves taking no action to address the concerns about unfair pricing policies. By choosing this option, the government allows the natural gas utility company to continue its potentially unfair pricing practices.
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Which of the following is NOT a type of risk associated with futures contracts? a. basis risk b. liquidity risk c, market risk d. postpayment risk
Futures contracts are legal agreements that specify a standardized quantity and quality of a commodity to be delivered on a predetermined date at a specified location. Futures contracts are standardized in terms of size, quality, delivery dates, and settlement procedures.
This means that futures contracts are standardized agreements that minimize risks and uncertainties. Futures contracts are also highly leveraged, which means that traders can use a small amount of money to control a large quantity of a commodity. This high leverage increases the potential for gains and losses and hence increases the risk associated with futures contracts. Futures contracts are also subject to different types of risk. The following are types of risks associated with futures contracts:
Basis risk - is the risk of a mismatch between the cash price of a commodity and the futures price of that commodity. This risk arises because the futures price of a commodity is based on a different location, quality, or grade of that commodity than the cash price. This risk can be hedged by taking an offsetting position in the cash market.
Liquidity risk - is the risk of not being able to buy or sell a futures contract at the desired price. This risk arises because futures contracts trade in an open and competitive market, and the prices are subject to supply and demand factors. This risk can be mitigated by trading in markets with high liquidity and by using limit orders.
Market risk - is the risk of a change in the price of the underlying commodity that affects the value of the futures contract. This risk arises because the value of a futures contract is directly tied to the price of the underlying commodity. This risk can be hedged by taking an offsetting position in the cash market or in another futures contract.
Post-payment risk - is the risk that a party will default on the settlement of a futures contract after the delivery of the underlying commodity. This risk can be mitigated by trading on exchanges that have a clearinghouse system, which guarantees the settlement of all contracts.
Therefore, the type of risk that is not associated with futures contracts is post-payment risk (d). The other three types of risk (basis risk, liquidity risk, and market risk) are associated with futures contracts.
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FRESH SLICE PIZZA
Evaluate internal and external environment
Establish business portfolio
Fresh Slice Pizza has a strong internal environment that is dedicated to producing high-quality pizzas. The external environment is challenging as Fresh Slice Pizza is competing against well-established pizza chains. Fresh Slice Pizza could expand its business portfolio by introducing new pizza options and focusing on developing unique and healthy pizzas.
Internal and External Environment:
The internal environment of Fresh Slice Pizza is strong, as the company's management team is committed to providing high-quality pizzas to its customers. The company has a well-trained staff and uses fresh ingredients to make their pizzas. However, Fresh Slice Pizza is competing with various other pizza chains, and as a result, the external environment is challenging. These other pizza chains are well established and have a large customer base, making it difficult for Fresh Slice Pizza to compete.
Establish Business Portfolio:
Fresh Slice Pizza has an extensive range of pizza options, including vegetarian and meat options. Fresh Slice Pizza has already established itself in the market, but the company should also expand its business portfolio by adding a few more options to its menu. They should focus on developing unique and healthy pizzas that could help attract more customers to their pizza franchise. Fresh Slice Pizza could expand its menu options and offer more vegan and gluten-free pizza options for customers who have dietary restrictions.
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